Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Greenhouse, Land Management And Carbon Sequestration In Western Australia, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia, Department Of Conservation And Land Management, Forest Products Commission, Department Of Environment, Water And Catchment Protection

Agriculture reports

This report examines options for greenhouse emissions abatement by changing land management practices and establishing terrestrial organic carbon sinks in Western Australia.It recommends the following priorities to the Greenhouse Task Force.? Expand the already successful Kyoto Protocol Article 3.3 plantations, as carbon sinks.? Determine the potential of Kyoto Protocol Article 3.4 sink activities (cropland management, grazing land management and revegetation) to contribute to carbon sequestration in Western Australia.

Reviewed Work: Regional Cuisines Of Medieval Europe By Melitta Weiss-Adamson, Ed., Ken Albala

College of the Pacific Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Third National Garrett Morgan Sustainable Transportation Symposium, Mti Report S-02-01, Mineta Transportation Institute

Mineta Transportation Institute

On May 2, 2003, the Mineta Transportation Institute joined numerous authorities in the surface transportation industry with several middle and elementary schools to discuss the topic of sustainable transportation. The purpose of this forum was to expose the students (from Maryland, Virginia, and California) to the many opportunities available to them in transportation-related careers, and to discuss the utilization of many natural resources to develop alternatives to current modes of transportation. Each of the schools participated in a videoconference to present projects for sustainable transportation options for the future. Their ideas included powering buses, cars, light rail, and ultra-light rail …

Ua12/2/1 Life After The Walk, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

College Heights Herald magazine issue with the following articles:

• Sainlar, Lindsay. Seniors Battle Pre-Graduation Jitters as Real World Awaits
• Pike, Daniel. Senior Wonders Why He’s Still Here
• Mason, Kristy. Trips, Money Make Good Gifts
• Toone, Stephanie. Graduates Plan Barbecues, Parties After Big Day
• Brown, Abbey. No Job? Join the Peace Corps
• Hagan, Laura. Council on Postsecondary Education President to Speak – Tom Layzell
• Coffman, Josh. Hotels, Restaurants Booked
• Brueggemann, Marlene. Grads Head for New Life
• Damron, Catherine. Couples Face Graduation

Consultation Trends In School Psychology Literature, Janelle Zaciewski

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Consultation is a prominent indirect service delivery method in school psychology today. Several publications endorsed by the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) have traditionally suggested the mental health, organizational, and behavioral models of consultation as the three prominent consultation models in the field of school psychology. However, no supporting data are cited and it is unclear if these three models are still prominent in school psychology today. The present research examined the consultation literature over the last 22 years in two prominent school psychology journals, Journal of School Psychology and School Psychology Quarterly (originally called Professional School Psychology). This …

Influences On Juror's Perceptions Of Sexual Harassment, Shawn Rainey

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Participants role-played jurors evaluating the facts of a potential sexual harassment incident, including information on victim and perpetrator intoxication levels. They first made an individual determination of sexual harassment, followed by a group determination. Generally, sober perpetrators were more likely to be perceived as guilty of sexual harassment than either intoxicated perpetrators or when no information on perpetrator intoxication was available. However, victim intoxication interacted with gender to impact decisions of sexual harassment. Men were less likely than women to find the perpetrator guilty when the victim was sober. Women were less likely than men to find the perpetrator guilty …

The Effects Of Goal Orientation And Type Of Feedback On Perceived Competence And Performance, Adam Leezer

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The theory of goal orientation holds that persons will generally be motivated by one of three goal orientations in an achievement setting: a learning orientation, a performance-prove orientation, or a performance-avoid orientation. These goal orientations create the mental frameworks that an individual uses to interpret and respond to achievement settings, and are associated with different cognitive, behavioral, and affective responses to feedback, task-difficulty, and task success/failure. In addition, different types of feedback can orient individuals to different aspects of a task, and result in differing feedback effects. The present study examined how different types of feedback affect the perceived competence …

Ua19/5/1 Marti Whitmore Interview, Marti Whitmore, Wku Athletics

WKU Administration Documents

Audiotape interview of women's basketball coach Marti Whitmore at end of her career at WKU.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 78, No. 56, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• Lord, Joseph. Project Control Sought – Construction
• Hopkins, Shawntaye. Western May Build Greek Village
• Mills, Zach. Bridging the Gap – Hispanic Resource Center
• Sebastian, Kandace. Western Plays for 100^th Anniversary
• Student Receives National Scholarship – Meghan Bishop
• Warren, Brandy. Broadcast Students Win Awards
• Brown, Abbey. Department Tries to Fill Vacancies – WKU Police
• Brown, Abbey. Woman Held for Indecent Exposure – Theresa Bager
• The 2003 Marsupial Awards
• Roberts, Amy. Student Still Searching for Herself
• Moore, Brian. Why Shouldn’t Western Prosper?
• Cordy, Thomas. New Puppy Teaches Tough Lesson
• Hoang, …

The Productivity Consequences Of Two Ergonomic Interventions, Kelly Derango, Benjamin C. Amick, Michelle Robertson, Ted Rooney, Anne Moore, Lianna Bazzani

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Pre- and post-intervention data on health outcomes, absenteeism, and productivity from a longitudinal, quasi-experimental design field study of office workers was used to evaluate the economic consequences of two ergonomic interventions. Researchers assigned individuals in the study to three groups: a group that received an ergonomically designed chair and office ergonomics training; a group that received office ergonomics training only; and a control group. The results show that while training alone has neither a statistically significant effect on health nor productivity, the chair-with-training intervention substantially reduced pain and improved productivity. Neither intervention affected sick leave hours.

An Analysis Of Air Pollution From Recreational Vehicle Use In Maine, Erin R. Bock

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recreational vehicles produce a significant amount of air pollution. Despite this fact, only recently has regulation been placed into effect by the EPA on air emissions from these sources. Maine has a high amount of recreational vehicle use, and many people travel fiom out of state to utilize Maine's resources in this manner. Until now, there has been no research done to examine the impact of Maine's recreational vehicle sector on air pollution. This thesis focuses on air emissions from several types of recreational vehicles. These are gasoline-powered snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), and noncommercial watercraft. There were several goals that …

The Influence Of Job Satisfaction And Life Satisfaction On Immediate Mood States, Withdrawal Intentions, And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Lynne Battista

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Affective states influence an individual's level of job satisfaction and life satisfaction. Affective states also influence behavior (e.g., withdrawal intentions and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors). The present study investigated the inverse relationship—that is, whether job and life satisfaction influence immediate mood state, and consequently withdrawal intentions and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. Participants, who role played a restaurant server, were given a scenario that induced either positive job or life satisfaction, negative job or life satisfaction, or no information was given regarding their level of job or life satisfaction. Participants then responded to instruments measuring immediate mood state and behavioral consequences. Results indicated …

Distributive Justice: Perceptions Of Star Player Treatment In Work Team Settings, Nadim Zaidy

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study examined the effects of punishment given to the most valued team member who has committed a company rule violation. The team is working on an important project where the contribution by that valued member is critical to project completion. The study assessed the effects of the severity of rule violation, the severity of the punishment, the consistency of the punishment, and who is impacted by the punishment. The results indicated that when a valued employee has committed a rule violation, applying consistent punishment is perceived as more fair and appropriate by the teammates. However, when that valued …

Predictive Validity Of Kindergarten Phonemic Awareness Measures On Second Grade Reading Skills, Sarah Midden

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In order to succeed and progress in the academic domain, a student must possess basic reading skills. One characteristic of poor readers is their lack of understanding of phonological structure and lack of awareness of phonemes. Phonemic awareness tasks are divided into two broad categories: synthetic or analytic. Both have been shown to be accurate indicators of later reading ability. Little research has been conducted on the predictive nature of some of the recently published measures of phonemic awareness. The purpose of the current study is to examine four published measures to determine which measures are the best predictors of …

The Implicit Association Test As A Measure Of Attitudinal Biases Towards Individuals With Disabilities: Assessing The Convergent Validity With The Interaction With Disabled Persons Scale And Tringo's Disability Social Distance Scale, Julie Nicholas

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The present study addressed attitudes toward individuals with disabilities. Barriers that individuals with disabilities have faced and continue to face were discussed. Drawbacks (e.g., fakeability and unidimensionality) of traditional paper-and-pencil tests were presented. The Implicit Association Test (IAT), Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale (IDP), Tringo's Disability Social Distance Scale (DSDS), and Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS) were administered to 74 college students. Participants completed IAT tests for four disability conditions (i.e., paraplegic, alcoholism, cancer, and mental illness) in an effort to replicate Tringo's Hierarchy of Preference. The Hierarchy of Preference was not replicated in the current study. However, the replication …

Consultation Trends In School Psychology Review Over The Last Twenty-Two Years, Jill Lawson

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Among the multiple roles of a school psychologist is consultation. The Mental Health, Organizational, and Behavioral models of consultation are reported in publications by the National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) to be the prominent models in the field of school psychology. However, no supporting data are cited; thus it is unclear whether these three consultation models are the most prominent in school psychology today. The current study evaluated the consultation literature over the past twenty-two years in the professional journal School Psychology Review. Consultation articles were analyzed to obtain information regarding the frequency of consultation articles published, the most …

Content Validation And Modification Of The Aauw Survey On Sexual Harassment In The Schools For Use With Juvenile Sexual Offenders, Daniel Belding

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This project was conducted to validate the survey used by the American Association of University Women in the study of sexual harassment in the schools, for use in studying the behaviors of juvenile sexual offenders in schools. The original survey was modified to decrease bias in the questions and eliminate questions that did not pertain to information that may be significant for juvenile sexual offenders. The project solicited information from juvenile sexual offenders (n=9) and experts (n=6) in the field of juvenile sexual offending to validate and modify the survey to better look at juvenile sexual offender behaviors in schools. …

Two New Proofs Of Afriat's Theorem, Ana Fostel, Herbert E. Scarf, Michael J. Todd

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We provide two new, simple proofs of Afriat’s celebrated theorem stating that a finite set of price-quantity observations is consistent with utility maximization if, and only if, the observations satisfy a variation of the Strong Axiom of Revealed Preference known as the Generalized Axiom of Revealed Preference.

On Houseswapping, The Strict Core, Segmentation, And Linear Programming, Thomas Quint, Jun Wako

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider the n-player houseswapping game of Shapley-Scarf (1974), with indifferences in preferences allowed. It is well-known that the strict core of such a game may be empty, single-valued, or multivalued. We define a condition on such games called “segmentability”, which means that the set of players can be partitioned into a “top trading segmentation.” It generalizes Gale’s well-known idea of the partition of players into “top trading cycles” (which is used to find the unique strict core allocation in the model with no indifference). We prove that a game has a nonempty strict core if and only if it …

Consistent Estimation With A Large Number Of Weak Instruments, John C. Chao, Norman R. Swanson

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper conducts a general analysis of the conditions under which consistent estimation can be achieved in instrumental variables regression when the available instruments are weak in the local-to-zero sense. More precisely, the approach adopted in this paper combines key features of the local-to-zero framework of Staiger and Stock (1997) and the many-instrument framework of Morimune (1983) and Bekker (1994) and generalizes both of these frameworks in the following ways. First, we consider a general local-to-zero framework which allows for an arbitrary degree of instrument weakness by modeling the first-stage coefficients as shrinking toward zero at an unspecified rate, say …

Alternative Approximations Of The Bias And Mse Of The Iv Estimator Under Weak Identification With An Application To Bias Correction, John C. Chao, Norman R. Swanson

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We provide analytical formulae for the asymptotic bias (ABIAS) and mean squared error (AMSE) of the IV estimator, and obtain approximations thereof based on an asymptotic scheme which essentially requires the expectation of the first stage F -statistic to converge to a finite (possibly small) positive limit as the number of instruments approaches infinity. The approximations so obtained are shown, via regression analysis, to yield good approximations for ABIAS and AMSE functions, and the AMSE approximation is shown to perform well relative to the approximation of Donald and Newey (2001). Additionally, the manner in which our framework generalizes that of …

Structure, Clearinghouses And Symmetry, Martin Shubik, Eric Smith

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We introduce and justify a taxonomy for the structure of markets and minimal institutions which appear in constructing minimally complex trading structures to perform the functions of price formation, settlement and payments. Each structure is presented as a playable strategic market game and is examined for its efficiency, the number of degrees of freedom and the symmetry properties of the structure.

Strategic Freedom, Constraint And Symmetry In One-Period Markets With Cash And Credit Payment, Martin Shubik, Eric Smith

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In order to explain in a systematic way why certain combinations of market, financial, and legal structures may be intrinsic to certain capabilities to exchange real goods, we introduce criteria for abstracting the qualitative functions of markets. The criteria involve the number of strategic freedoms the combined institutions, considered as formalized strategic games, present to traders, the constraints they impose, and the symmetry with which those constraints are applied to the traders. We pay particular attention to what is required to make these “strategic market games” well-defined, and to make various solutions computable by the agents within the bounds on …

Robust Mechanism Design, Dirk Bergemann, Stephen Morris

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The mechanism design literature assumes too much common knowledge of the environment among the players and planner. We relax this assumption by studying implementation on richer type spaces, with more higher order uncertainty. We study the “ex post equivalence” question: when is interim implementation on all possible type spaces equivalent to requiring ex post implementation on the space of payoff types? We show that ex post equivalence holds when the social choice correspondence is a function and in simple quasi-linear environments. When ex post equivalence holds, we identify how large the type space must be to obtain the equivalence. We …

Robust Mechanism Design, Dirk Bergemann, Stephen Morris

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

The mechanism design literature assumes too much common knowledge of the environment among the players and planner. We relax this assumption by studying implementation on richer type spaces. We ask when ex post implementation is equivalent to interim (or Bayesian) implementation for all possible type spaces. The equivalence holds in the case of separable environments; examples of separable environments arise (1) when the planner is implementing a social choice function (not correspondence); and (2) in a quasilinear environment with no restrictions on transfers. The equivalence fails in general, including in some quasilinear environments with budget balance. In private value environments, …

Moral Hazard, Hanming Fang, Giuseppe Moscarini

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We interpret workers’ confidence in their own skills as their morale, and investigate the implication of worker overconfidence on the firm’s optimal wage-setting policies. In our model, wage contracts both provide incentives and affect worker morale, by revealing private information of the firm about worker skills. We provide conditions for the non-differentiation wage policy to be profit-maximizing. In numerical examples, worker overconfidence is a necessary condition for the firm to prefer no wage differentiation, so as to preserve some workers’ morale; the non-differentiation wage policy itself breeds more worker overconfidence; finally, wage compression is more likely when aggregate productivity is …

Multidimensional Private Value Auctions, Hanming Fang, Stephen Morris

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

We consider parametric examples of two-bidder private value auctions in which each bidder observes her own private valuation as well as noisy signals about her opponent’s private valuation. In such multidimensional private value auction environments, we show that the revenue equivalence between the first and second price auctions breaks down and there is no definite revenue ranking; while the second price auction is always efficient allocatively, the first price auction may be inefficient and the inefficiency may increase as the signal becomes more informative; equilibria may fail to exist for the first price auction. We also show that auction mechanisms …

Fundamental R&D Spillovers And The Internationalization Of A Firm's Research Activities, Bernard Franck, Robert Owen

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

A conceptual framework is proposed for analyzing how differences in national R&D stocks can impact on a firm’s decision to internationalize its R&D activities. A central finding is that the integration of product markets can generate an added incentive to undertake R&D abroad. A three-stage analysis of a non-cooperative game is proposed, which entails cost-reducing process innovation in an international model of duopoly. Each firm’s technological efficiency depends not only on its investment in applied R&D, but also on its absorption of domestic and foreign fundamental R&D, as well as the extent to which the latter are substitutes or complements. …

Judicial Checks And Balances, Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez-De-Silanes, Cristian Pop-Eleches, Andrei Shleifer

Dartmouth Scholarship

In the Anglo-American constitutional tradition, judicial checks and balances are often seen as crucial guarantees of freedom. Hayek distinguishes two ways in which the judiciary provides such checks and balances: judicial independence and constitutional review. We create a new database of constitutional rules in 71 countries that reflect these provisions. We find strong support for the proposition that both judicial independence and constitutional review are associated with greater freedom. Consistent with theory, judicial independence accounts for some of the positive effect of common-law legal origin on measures of economic freedom. The results point to significant benefits of the Anglo-American system …

The Prevention Of Armed Conflicts As An Emerging Norm In International Conflict Management: The Osce And The Un As Norm Leaders, Alice Ackermann

Peace and Conflict Studies

This article explores the emergence of conflict prevention as an emerging norm in international conflict management. In particular, it examines the role of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and the United Nations as primary actors in the construction and promotion of conflict prevention as an international norm. The article describes some of the major instruments that both organizations have already developed to implement the prevention of armed conflict on a more consistent rather than ad hoc basis. The article traces the emergent norm of conflict prevention through three stages—the awarenessraising and advocacy stage; the acceptance and …