Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Testing Reporting Bias In The Florida Sinkhole Database, Spencer Fleury Ph.D., Steve Carson, Robert Brinkmann Ph.D.

Spencer Fleury Ph.D.

The sinkhole database of the Florida Geologic Survey (FGS) is the primary publicly-accessible database of recent sinkhole occurrence and distribution. However, it does not use a consistent and predictable approach to recording sinkhole occurrences. Thus, the possibility exists that the database is largely a reflection of the distribution of people in sinkhole-prone areas of Florida, rather than a true enumeration of all sinkholes that occur. In order to assess the validity of the data contained within the database, a comparison was made of population distribution and sinkhole occurrences. The results indicate that sinkhole reporting is not associated with population distribution, …

Prologue: Ordinary Places, Extraordinary Events, Clara Irazabal

Clara Irazabal

Scholars have argued that public space is a prerequisite for the expression, representation, preservation, and/or enhancement of democracy (Sassen, 1996; Holston, 1989, 1999; Caldeira, 2000; Low, 2000; Low and Smith, 2006). However, this optimistic outlook is betrayed in reality by the many examples in recent history when public spaces have been used for the deployment and reproduction of totalitarian regimes. In the Americas, we can recount the experiences of Pinochet’s Santiago, Videla’s Buenos Aires, Strossner’s Asuncion, and Pérez Jiménez’s Caracas, among others. Yet, even in those cases, political demonstrations in public spaces conversely played a critical role in the eventual …

Power Preponderance, Institutional Homogeneity, And The Likelihood Of Regional Integration, Gaspare M. Genna

Gaspare M Genna

No abstract provided.

Action Research W Teorii Organizacji I Zarządzania, Dariusz Jemielniak, Aleksander Chrostowski

Dariusz Jemielniak

Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu zwięzłe opisanie metody Action Research w teorii organizacji i zarządzania. Poprzez przybliżenie założeń, aksjomatów, celów i his-torii AR, tekst umożliwia zrozumienie filozofii tego podejścia. AR jest pokazane jako metoda umożliwiająca połączenie dwóch pozornie rozłącznych sposobów uprawiania pracy naukowej: podejścia praktycznego, nastawionego na rozwią-zywanie realnych problemów świata (czasami uznawanego za nienaukowe i nad-miernie przyziemne) z podejściem teoretycznym, nastawionym przede wszyst-kim na tworzenie abstrakcyjnych modeli i analiz umożliwiających generalizacje (czasami uznawanym za niepraktyczne i nadmiernie oderwane od realiów). Na podstawie akademickiego i biznesowego doświadczenia autorów AR jest przedsta-wiony jako atrakcyjny, spójny sposób uprawiania pracy badawczej i konsultingu.

Chapter 11: Possession, Ownership, Probate; Market And Non-Market Economies; Antitrust; Cultural Property And Heritage Of Mankind (The Anthropogy Of Distributive Justice), Wolfgang Fikentscher

Wolfgang Fikentscher

Inclusive online updates jan10. Chapter 11 on ownership discusses, next to a brief introduction to the essentials of the field, aspects of anthropological respect for the environment and of other collective goods as well as the anthropology behind the protection of traditional knowledge and cultural heritage..These rather recent additions to traditional anthropological discourse are examined, using the relationship between preservation of nature and preservation of culture as general frame. In an interesting comparison Elena Bonner, the spouse of Andrej Sacharow, remarked that Marxism had a stronger desorienting and mind-destroying force than National Socialism. As brutal, extortionate, and deadly as the …

El Triomf De La Revolució Ciutadana. Mites, Conflictes I Desafiaments Del Canvi Polític A L'Equador, Flavia Freidenberg

Flavia Freidenberg

No abstract provided.

Affirmative Action Always Works In A Limited Time Frame, Rakesh K. Singh

Rakesh K Singh

Dr. Rajesh Tandon, Chairperson, VANI, in conversation with Rakesh K Singh, Executive Editor, Civil Society Voices, about caste system, social exclusion, economic empowerment of Dalits and other related issues.

The Misperception Of Norms: The Psychology Of Bias And The Economics Of Equilibrium, Robert D. Cooter, Mical Feldman, Yuval Feldman

Robert Cooter

This study combines the psychology of bias and the economics of equilibrium. We focus on two of the most discussed perceptual biases found by psychologists who studied the role social norms in ethical decision making. First, psychologists found a general tendency of people to over-estimate how many other people engage in unethical behavior. We show that this bias causes more people to violate the norm than if the bias were corrected. Second, psychologists found a general tendency of a person to over-estimate how many other people act the same as he does. We show that this bias does not change …

UbiquitäRes Computing Und Seine Auswirkungen Auf Die Industriearbeit, Ralf Lindner, Michael Friedewald

Michael Friedewald

Ubiquitäres Computing (UbiComp) bezeichnet eine alles durchdringende Informatisierung und Ver- netzung u.a. auch im Arbeitsleben. Es fügt sich in der industriellen Fertigung in die seit langem zu beobachtenden Trends der Rationalisierung und Flexibilisierung ein, beschleunigen diese und ver- stärken zum Teil deren Auswirkungen auf innerbetriebliche Prozesse. Mit Blick auf Tätigkeitsprofile und Qualifikationsanforderungen sind zwei gegenläufigen Folgen von UbiComp zu erwarten: Einer- seits werden bestimmte Tätigkeiten in der industriellen Fertigung eine qualitative Anreicherung und Erweiterung erfahren, während andererseits erweiterte Möglichkeiten zur Automatisierung von einfa- chen Kontroll-, Überwachungs- und anderen manuellen Tätigkeiten bestehen. Für die Mehrzahl der verbleibenden Beschäftigten in der industriellen …

"A Thin Line Betwen Love And Hate"?: Black Men As Victims And Perpetrators Of Dating Violence, Carolyn M. West

Carolyn M. West

Evidence Of Population-Level Lateralized Behaviour In Giant Water Bugs, Belostoma Flumineum Say (Heteroptera: Belostomatidae): T-Maze Turning Is Left Biased, Scott Kight

Scott Kight

Counterbalance Assessment: The Chorizo Test, Nolan L. Cabrera, George A. Cabrera

Nolan L. Cabrera

No abstract provided.

Advancing In Higher Education: A Portrait Of Latino College Students Entering Four Year Institutions, 1975-2006., Sylvia Hurtado, Victor B. Sáenz, Jose Luis Santos, Nolan L. Cabrera

Nolan L. Cabrera

No abstract provided.

Training Future Scientists: Predicting First-Year Minority Student Participation In Health Science Research, Sylvia Hurtado, M Kevin Eagn, Nolan L. Cabrera, Monica H. Lin, Julie Park, Miguel Lopez

Nolan L. Cabrera

Using longitudinal data from the UCLA Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) and Your First College Year (YFCY) surveys, this study examines predictors of the likelihood that science-oriented students would participate in a health science undergraduate research program during the first year of college. The key predictors of participation in health science research programs are students’ reliance on peer networks and whether campuses provide structured opportunities for first-year students even though only 12% of freshmen in the sample engaged in this activity. These experiences are particularly important for Black students. The findings inform efforts to orient students at an early stage, …

Impact Of The Contrast Effect On Trust Ratings And Behavior With Automated Systems, Stephen Rice, David Trafimow, Krisstal Clayton, Gayle Hunt

Stephen Rice

Pedagogia Intercultural, Marco Tavanti

Marco Tavanti

American and international students participating in the DePaul educational programs in Chiapas, Mexico learn to develop their intercultural intelligence. This article shows the pedagogical innovations behind the sustainable development and indigenous rights program in Chiapas.

Political Polarization And The Electoral Effects Of Media Bias, Mattias K. Polborn, Stefan Krasa, Dan Bernhardt

Mattias K Polborn

Many political commentators diagnose an increasing polarization of the U.S. electorate into two opposing camps. However, in standard spatial voting models, changes in the political preference distribution are irrelevant as long as the position of the median voter does not change. We show that media bias provides a mechanism through which political polarization can affect electoral outcomes. In our model, media firms' profits depend on their audience rating. Maximizing profits may involve catering to a partisan audience by slanting the news. While voters are rational, understand the nature of the news suppression bias and update appropriately, important information is lost …

Why Pedestrian-Friendly Street Design Is Not Negligent, Michael E. Lewyn

Michael E Lewyn

American streets are typically designed for fast automobile traffic. As a result, those streets are often dangerous for pedestrians.

In part, the anti-pedestrian design of American streets is a result of transportation planners' perceptions of American tort law. In negligent street design cases, courts and juries sometimes rely upon guidelines set by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), a national association of government transportation officials. Because AASHTO's street-design rules have historically favored wide streets built to accommodate high-speed traffic, planners sometimes assume that in order to avoid liability, they must do the same.

The purpose of …

School Feeding Programs In Haiti: Past Experience & Future Perspectives. World Vision., John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

International Comparison Of German Innovation System: Efficiency And Structures Of Science, Sybille Hinze, Li Tang, Stephan Gauch

Li Tang

No abstract provided.

Inno-Policy Trendchart Policy Trends And Appraisal- China, Li Tang

Li Tang

No abstract provided.

Rapid Assessment Of Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking In The Clearwater/Tampa Bay Area, Joan A. Reid

Joan A Reid, Ph.D.

Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking (DMST) is the commercial sexual exploitation of American citizen or lawful permanent resident children. This Rapid Assessment (RA) completed in January 2008 explored the identification of DMST victims, their access to, and the delivery of victim services. Findings suggest an acute lack of awareness or understanding of DMST among professionals likely to come in contact with victims, resulting in failure to identify DMST victims. Few DMST victims are accessing existing services due to their misidentification. Exacerbating this issue is a lack of victim-centered protocols for child sex trafficking criminal cases, leading to a failure in the …

Canada And Russia In The North Pole: Cooperation, Conflict, And Canadian Identity In The Interpretation Of The Arctic Region, Nick J. Sciullo

Nick J. Sciullo

The Arctic debate touches on a number of important international issues: national security, energy exploration and policy, environmental concerns, and maritime commerce are but a few. The North Pole, the Arctic more generally, is becoming increasingly important to a number of international actors as climate change causes ice to melt and the Arctic's waters become increasingly navigable. The pressure to lay claim to the Canadian North is intense, as countries clamor for the right to firmly plant their flags and lay the foundations for their military bases and research facilities.

Canadians must confront threats to sovereignty that they have not …

Real Hedging, Lester G. Telser

Lester G Telser

No abstract provided.

Reconstruction Finance Corporation And The Great Depression Iii, Lester G. Telser

Lester G Telser

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation And The Great Depression: How Good Intentions Led To Calamity I, Lester G. Telser

Lester G Telser

An ordinary recession starting in late spring 1929 became the Great Depression in winter 1933 owing to the collapse of the banking system, an unintended consequences of the well-intentioned Reconstruction Finance Corporation. This Federal corporation had ample resources it could lend to distressed banks, even those outside the Federal Reserve System. After the Democratic victory in November 1932. Garner, Vice-President-elect and still Speaker of the House in January 1933, set in motion events that turned the RFC into the unwitting spring of economic disaster. During the New Deal the RFC’s preferred stock program gave it substantial control over private banks …

Reconstruction Finance Corporation And The Great Depression:Ii, Lester G. Telser

Lester G Telser

The Cost Of Homelessness: A Perspective From The United States, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

This paper discusses how researchers and others have analyzed the services histories of persons who have experienced homelessness, as well as their imputed costs. This research has been used both to make visible the ways in which the clients of mainstream social welfare systems (health, corrections, income maintenance and child welfare) become homeless and, complementarily, the impact of people who experience homelessness on the use of these service systems. Most published work in this area has been based on the integration of administrative databases to identify cases and service utilization patterns; some have used retrospective interviews. Results have been used …

The History And Future Of Homeless Management Information Systems, Stephen R. Poulin, Stephen Metraux, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

This chapter reviews the history of the development of management information systems in the homelessness program area. Efforts begun in the 1980s and 1990s by individual cities are discussed, as are the Congressional initatives that led to the mandated implementation of such systems in the US. The use of these systems for the Annual Homelessness Assessment Report to the US Congress is described, as are potential future uses of HMIS for research, policy and program planning.

Rearranging The Deck Chairs Or Reallocating The Lifeboats?: Homelessness Assistance And Its Alternatives, Dennis P. Culhane, Stephen Metraux

Dennis P. Culhane

Problem: At present, homelessness in the United States is primarily addressed by providing emergency and transitional shelter facilities. These programs do not directly address the causes of homelessness, and residents are exposed to victimization and trauma during stays. We need an alternative that is more humane, as well as more efficient and effective at achieving outcomes. Purpose: This article uses research on homelessness to devise alternative forms of emergency assistance that could reduce the prevalence and/or duration of episodes of homelessness and much of the need for emergency shelter. Methods: We review analyses of shelter utilization patterns to identify subgroups …