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Articles 151 - 180 of 17895
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Rivers, Dams, And Willow Flycatchers: A Summary Of Their Science And Policy Connections, William Graf, Julie Stromberg, Brad Valentine
Rivers, Dams, And Willow Flycatchers: A Summary Of Their Science And Policy Connections, William Graf, Julie Stromberg, Brad Valentine
William L. Graf
The southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) is a riparian bird that spends winter months in Central and South America and summer breeding months in riparian zones of the American Southwest. Decline of the willow flycatcher population to less than 1000 breeding pairs prompted the Federal government to declare the species endangered, triggering a major recovery effort. The most important aspect of recovery is management and improvement of the riparian habitat of the bird population. Although the direct management of the species is primarily a biological issue, fluvial hydrology and geomorphology play an important role in understanding the dynamics of …
The Arroyo Problem: Paleohydrology And Paleohydraulics In The Short Term, William Graf
The Arroyo Problem: Paleohydrology And Paleohydraulics In The Short Term, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
The Wild Canyon Of Ladore, William Graf
Geomorphology, William Graf, J. Lee
The Geography Of American Field Geomorphology, William Graf
The Geography Of American Field Geomorphology, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Ch 6: Geography's Contributions To Policy, William Graf
Ch 6: Geography's Contributions To Policy, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
A Probabilistic Approach To The Spatial Assessment Of River Channel Instability, William L. Graf
A Probabilistic Approach To The Spatial Assessment Of River Channel Instability, William L. Graf
William L. Graf
The deterministic approach to the analysis of river channel instability has not proved to be a completely useful basis for geographic predictions of channel behavior. Economic estimates for benefits of structural channel control projects commonly account for flood inundation, but in arid and semiarid regions these estimates are incomplete because they fail to take into account destructive channel migration and erosion. As a solution, a method whereby historical records of channel locations are reduced to spatially defined probabilistic functions allows calculation of the probability that given parcels of near-channel terrain will be destroyed by erosion. The probability of erosion for …
Plutonium In River Sediments Of The Northern Rio Grande: The Los Alamos Contribution In Context, William Graf
Plutonium In River Sediments Of The Northern Rio Grande: The Los Alamos Contribution In Context, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Dam Removal Research, William Graf
Mining And Channel Response, William Graf
Mining And Channel Response, William Graf
William L. Graf
Gold and silver mining activities in the Central City District, Colorado, caused severe disruption of the landscape. Central City is typical of mountain mining towns with clearly defined periods of discovery and settlement, bonanza, investment, development, and, finally, decline. Arroyos and gullies developed on many valley floors as responses to increases in channel tractive force from 1 dyne before settlement to 8 dynes during the mining period. The spatial distribution of energy and force has been substantially altered by human activities. Threshold values of erosive force were surpassed in response to changes in general basin vegetation cover, valley floor vegetation, …
Physical Integrity Of Rivers, William Graf
Geomorphology For Western Water Policy, William Graf
Geomorphology For Western Water Policy, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Consensus And Conflict In Quaternary Research, William Graf
Consensus And Conflict In Quaternary Research, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Ch 10: The Institutional Context For Science, William Graf
Ch 10: The Institutional Context For Science, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Riparian Management: A Flood-Control Perspective, William Graf
Riparian Management: A Flood-Control Perspective, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
The Grand Canyon Geographical Suite, William Graf
The Grand Canyon Geographical Suite, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Twenty-Two Entries For Geomorphology And Hydrology, William Graf
Twenty-Two Entries For Geomorphology And Hydrology, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Geomorphological Research In The Colorado Plateau, William Graf
Geomorphological Research In The Colorado Plateau, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Downstream Geomorphic Impacts Of Large American Dams, William L. Graf
Downstream Geomorphic Impacts Of Large American Dams, William L. Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Quantitative Analysis Of Pinedale Landforms, Beartooth Mountains, Montana And Wyoming, William Graf
Quantitative Analysis Of Pinedale Landforms, Beartooth Mountains, Montana And Wyoming, William Graf
William L. Graf
The spatial distribution of terminal moraines in alpine valleys can be quantitatively described using distance/regression models. Surface parameters indicative of age may also be numerically analyzed. Evaluation of postglacial modification of valley sides between terminal moraines provides an additional indicator of relative age of valley segments. Analysis of the geomorphology of alpine features in the upper Rock Creek drainage in the southeastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana, shows that glaciers in this area deposited evidence of two Bull Lake, four Pinedale, and two Neo glacial advances.
Geomorphology Of Heavy Metals In The Sediments Of Queen Creek, Arizona, Usa, William Graf, S. Clark, M. Kammerer, T. Lehman, K. Randall, R. Schroeder
Geomorphology Of Heavy Metals In The Sediments Of Queen Creek, Arizona, Usa, William Graf, S. Clark, M. Kammerer, T. Lehman, K. Randall, R. Schroeder
William L. Graf
Data from Queen Creek, a dryland stream in southcentral Arizona, show that the distributions of heavy metals (especially Cu, Pb, Zn, and V) in sediments are strongly related to the spatial aspects of fluvial processes. Cu/Zn and Cu/V ratios permit discrimination between materials polluted by eroded mine tailings and those containing only erosion products from the surrounding metalliferous terrain. In stratigraphic sections, metal ratios discriminate between pre-industrial alluvium and post-industrial flood deposits. On valley floors, channels and active alluvium have the highest metal concentrations, while other process environments have decreasing amounts associated with decreasing frequencies of inundation. Materials from the …
Tamarisk And River-Channel Management, William Graf
Tamarisk And River-Channel Management, William Graf
William L. Graf
Tamarisk (Tamarix chinensis, Lour.) an artificially introduced tree, has become a most common species in many riparian vegetation communities along the rivers of the western United States. On the Salt and Gila rivers of central Arizona, the plant first appeared in the early 1890s, and by 1940 it grew in dense thickets that posed serious flood-control problems by substantially reducing the capacities of major channels. Since 1940 its distribution and density in central Arizona have fluctuated in response to combined natural processes and human management. Groundwater levels, channel waters, floods, irrigation return waters, sewage effluent, and sedimentation behind retention and …
The Geomorphology Of The Glacial Valley Cross Section, William Graf
The Geomorphology Of The Glacial Valley Cross Section, William Graf
William L. Graf
Several alpine valley systems in the southeastern Beartooth Mountains, Montana and Wyoming, have been examined using techniques similar to methods of stream system analysis. The general equation y = a x**b is the most adequate mathematical model for the cross valley profile; b values range between 1.5 and 2.0, indicating a parabolic form. As intensity of erosion increases in the glacial valley system, the b value also increases, indicating relatively deeper and narrower valley cross sections. The law of stream numbers, the law of stream lengths, and the bifurcation ratio, derived from fluvial geomorphology, are also applicable in glacial geomorphology.
Geographic Geomorphology In The 80'S, William Graf, Stanley Trimble, Terrence Toy, John Costa
Geographic Geomorphology In The 80'S, William Graf, Stanley Trimble, Terrence Toy, John Costa
William L. Graf
The geomorphic sciences will continue to be dynamic in the coming decade. Among other developments, there is a trend toward increased dependence on field reserch, more realistic expectations from reserch tools, a resurgence of interest in man-land relations with a renewed dependence on the historical approach, a reinvestigation of morphogenetic regions, study of planetary surfaces other than earth's, and involvement with applied problems, as well as cooperation and collaboration with scientists in related fields. The greatest need is the development of connections between academic and nonacademic geographers at all levels.
Not Clueless, Just Skill-Less, William Graf
15th Annual Geomorphology Symposium, William Graf
15th Annual Geomorphology Symposium, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Cirques As Glacier Locations, William Graf
Cirques As Glacier Locations, William Graf
William L. Graf
A comparison between the 319 cirques that contain glaciers and a sample of 240 empty cirques in the Rocky Mountains shows that in the present climatic situation, landforms are strong factors in determining the locations of glaciers. An optimum glacier location is a large cirque facing northeast, with a planimetric shape of width greater than length, high steep walls, a pass located to the windward, and a peak to the southwest. Glaciers survive in the present climatic conditions because of a geomorphic feedback system, whereby glaciers are protected by cirque forms that owe their morphology to glacial processes.
The Distribution Of Glaciers In The American Rocky Mountains, William Graf
The Distribution Of Glaciers In The American Rocky Mountains, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.
Channel Instability In A Braided Sand Bed River, William Graf
Channel Instability In A Braided Sand Bed River, William Graf
William L. Graf
The Gila River of central Arizona is representative of braided, sand bed rivers in alluvial valleys that have inherent unstable behavior and destructive channel migration. The 112-year record of channel conditions along a portion of the Gila River provides data for the construction of locational probability maps for main flow channels. Zones of stability and hazardous instability alternate with each other at 3.2 km (2 mi) intervals. During the past century the overall sinuosity of the main flow channel has remained close to 1.18, despite numerous changes in actual location. Spatial and temporal variation of sinuosity have occurred in subreaches …
Damage Control: Dams And The Physical Integrity Of America's Rivers, William Graf
Damage Control: Dams And The Physical Integrity Of America's Rivers, William Graf
William L. Graf
No abstract provided.