Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Gay And Lesbian Elders: History, Law, And Identity Politics In The United States, Nancy J. Knauer

Nancy J. Knauer

The approximately two million gay and lesbian elders in the United States are an underserved and understudied population. At a time when gay men and lesbians enjoy an unprecedented degree of social acceptance and legal protection, many elders face the daily challenges of aging isolated from family, detached from the larger gay and lesbian community, and ignored by mainstream aging initiatives. Drawing on materials from law, history, and social theory, this book integrates practical proposals for reform with larger issues of sexuality and identity. Beginning with a summary of existing demographic data and offering a historical overview of pre-Stonewall views …

The Effect Of Representational Gender On Policy Preferences In U.S. Municipalities, Mirya R. Holman

Mirya R Holman

The research presented here explores the effect of gender and gender consciousness on the policy preference of local elected officials. Remedying a gap in the scholarship on women in local office, I examine the attitudes of mayors and council members on a variety of urban policy issues. First positing a gender gap theory of representative attitudes, I find almost no differences in policy preferences between men and women serving in local office. As an alternative, I posit and test a gender consciousness theory of policy preferences. Using open-ended survey data, I find that possessing a gender consciousness has a significant …

The Downside Of Goal-Focused Leadership: The Role Of Personality In Subordinate Exhaustion

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.

Before Microfinance: The Social Value Of Microsavings In Vincentian Poverty Reduction, Marco Tavanti

Marco Tavanti

The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the values and limits of microfinance within the context of poverty reduction, international development and community empowerment. The main thesis is that microfinance requires a more complex strategy than simply the provision of credits. The development of financial capital depends on the increase in human capacity and social capital. Microfinance is revisited under the ethical lenses of global responsibility for alleviating poverty and developing community sustainability. Through a critical review of the literature and case studies from the Philippines, the author suggests a value-based Vincentian approach to integrate microfinance into …

Radiografía De La Brecha Digital En Chile: ¿Se Justifica La Intervención Del Estado?, Claudio A. Agostini, Manuel Willington

Claudio A. Agostini

En las últimas décadas la aceleración del desarrollo de las tecnologías de información y comunicación —en particular de Internet y el acceso a través de conexiones de banda ancha— ha generado transformaciones importantes en las sociedades. Sin embargo, especialmente en los países subdesarrollados y en desarrollo, el acceso a estas tecnologías y a sus beneficios no es parejo y hay diferencias significativas entre distintos grupos de la población. Esta llamada "brecha digital" ha llevado a muchos países, y Chile no ha sido la excepción, a preocuparse de promover el acceso a estas tecnologías. Así, hace ya varios años se crearon …

Simulation And Inference For Stochastic Differential Equations: With R Examples, By Stefano M. Iacus, Suren Basov

Suren Basov

No abstract provided.

The Strategic Choice To Continue Outsourcing, Switch Vendors, Or Backsource: Do Switching Costs Matter?, Dwayne Whitten, Subrata Chakrabarty, Robin Wakefield

Subrata Chakrabarty

Justicia Constitucional Y Derechos Humanos En América Latina, Julio Ríos-Figueroa

Julio Ríos-Figueroa

¿Qué explica el nivel de protección judicial de los derechos? En América Latina, por ejemplo, mientras la Corte Constitucional de Colombia o la Cuarta sala de la Corte de Costa Rica han sido altamente activas en términos de la protección de derechos, la Corte Suprema de México o el Tribunal Constitucional de Chile no lo han sido. ¿ Por qué, entonces, solo ciertas cortes constitucionales trabajan activamente en la garantía de derechos? En este trabajo se exploran posibles explicaciones del porqué algunas cortes constitucionales defienden más activamente los derechos establecidos en las constituciones que otras. Estas explicaciones se articulas en …

Differential Association Theory And Juvenile Delinquency In Ghana’S Capital City - Accra: The Case Of Ghana Borstal Institute, Thomas Antwi Bosiakoh, Paul Kofi Andoh

Dr Thomas ANTWI BOSIAKOH

Current sociological theories argue that, delinquency results from economic and family relational problems. Unable to have their parents meet their material needs, children turn to all sorts of activities, many of which eventually lead to delinquent acts. Other theories focus on the role of peer relationships in determining deviancy. Using Edwin Sutherland’s differential association theory, this study explores the notion that, delinquency in inmates of the Ghana borstal institute is a reflection of the peer groups/friendship relations they hanged out with. Data for the study were collected from the Ghana borstal institute, a correctional institution for reforming juvenile offenders with …

State Policy, Depeasantisation And Agrarian Change: The Effects Of The Presidential Special Initiative (Psi) On Cassava-Starch On Peasant Farmers’ Socio-Economic Livelihood, Paul Kofi Andoh, Thomas Antwi Bosiakoh

Dr Thomas ANTWI BOSIAKOH

This study focuses on the interface between state policy initiatives, the process of depeasantisation and agrarian change, using the Presidential Special Initiative on Cassava-Starch as a case. Employing both quantitative and qualitative data gathering techniques, primary data were collected from six farming communities in the Awutu-Effutu-Senya and Atebubu-Amantin districts of the Central and Brong Ahafo regions of Ghana. The analysis of primary data revealed that with the right policy initiatives by the state, it is possible to systematically incorporate peasant farmers into mainstream economy and to improve their socio-economic livelihoods. To this extent, the study recommends among others that given …

Leadership And Membership Structure Of Migrant Associations: The Case Of Nigerian Migrant Associations In Accra, Ghana, Thomas Antwi Bosiakoh

Dr Thomas ANTWI BOSIAKOH

Migrant associations are a worldwide phenomenon, featuring in much of the migration studies literature. However, much of these studies focus on migrant associations in theUSA mostly of Latino migrants from Central and Latin America. In Africa and more particularly Ghana, literature on migrant associations is paltry. The few that exist only explore their development impacts on the migration sending areas. In this paper, I explore three Nigerian migrant associations in Accra, Ghana. The leadership and membership structures of the Nigerian Women, Nigerian Committee of Brothers and the Edo State associations in Accra, Ghana are under the spotlight of this discourse. …

Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, And Social Welfare In China, Emily C. Hannum, Meiyan Wang

Emily C. Hannum

This chapter investigates poverty and social welfare among China’s minority groups. Focusing on the Zhuang, Manchu, Hui, Miao, and Uygur populations, China’s five largest minority groups, as well as other minorities in the aggregate, this chapter will begin by providing an introduction to the classification of ethnic groups in China. We consider the relationship of this classification scheme to the concept of indigenous populations, and develop working definitions of minority status and ethnic group for use in the chapter. We then discuss recent economic trends and introduce some of the main government policies targeted toward ethnic minorities. With this context …

The Great Depression In Belgium: An Open-Economy Analysis, Luca Pensieroso

Luca Pensieroso

Editorial : Supporting Idaho’S Future Librarians, Kim Leeder, Lizzy A. Walker

Lizzy A. Walker

Locating Language In Identity, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

Indexing The Local, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

Language And Place, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

Diversification Across Time, Ian Ayres, Barry Nalebuff

Ian Ayres

By employing leverage to gain more exposure to stocks when young, individuals can achieve better diversification across time. Using stock data going back to 1871, we show that early leverage combined with reduced equity exposure when older can reduce lifetime portfolio risk. For example, an initially-leveraged portfolio can produce the same mean accumulation as a constant 75% stock allocation with a 21% smaller standard deviation. Since the mean accumulation is the same, the reduction in volatility does not depend on the equity premium. A leveraged lifecycle strategy can also allow investors to come closer to their utility-maximizing allocation. If risk …

Learning And Engaging The Information Values Of A Karst Community Of Practice, Kaya Van Beynen, Spencer Fleury Ph.D.

Spencer Fleury Ph.D.

The Karst Information Portal (KIP) is a publicly accessible Internet portal for karst literature and data, hosted by the University of South Florida (USF) libraries. It was created to foster interaction and collaboration among the karst community by identifying, acquiring, and facilitating access to karst literature in a single, centralized location. Karst is a type of terrain typified by soluble rocks, such as limestone, gypsum, and dolomite, where solutional processes are dominant, forming sinkholes, depressions, caves, and enhancing underground drainage. The karst community consists of formal researchers working in academic or governmental institutions along with an informal cohort of recreational …

Review Of Beyond The Box: B.F. Skinner's Technology Of Behavior From Laboratory To Life, Jill G. Morawski

Jill G. Morawski

No abstract provided.

Costly Research Joint Ventures: The Role Of Coordination Costs, Rod Falvey, Joanna Poyago-Theotoky, Khemarat Talerngsri Teerasuwannajak

Joanna Poyago-Theotoky

We consider a simple oligopoly model where firms engage in cost-reducing R&D and compare two R&D regimes: R&D competition and R&D cooperation where firms can enter in a Research Joint Venture (RJV). We introduce coordination costs for the RJV and examine how these affect the equilibrium outcomes. Further, we address the question of the equilibrium versus the optimal size of the RJV. For a given size of the RJV, its members decrease their own R&D as the anticipated coordination costs increase. This results in lower output and profits. On the contrary, the non-RJV firms increase their R&D in response to …

Neurodynamics Of An Election, Armando F. Rocha, Fabio T. Rocha, Marcelo N. Burattini, Eduardo Massad

Armando F Rocha

Variables influencing decision-making in real settings, as in the case of voting decisions, are uncontrollable and in many times even unknown to the experimenter. In this case, the experimenter has to study the intention to decide (vote) as close as possible in time to the moment of the real decision (election day). Here, we investigated the brain activity associated with the voting intention declared 1 week before the election day of the Brazilian Firearms Control Referendum about prohibiting the commerce of firearms. Two alliances arose in the Congress to run the campaigns for YES (for the prohibition of firearm commerce) …

Labour Mobility And The Redistributive Effects Of Trade Integration, Carlo Devillanova, Michele Di Maio, Pietro Vertova

Michele Di Maio

This paper addresses the role of mobility costs in shaping the effects of trade integration on wage inequality and welfare. We present a three-factor, two-sector model in which the production technology exhibits capital-skill complementarity and the cost of moving across sectors differs between unskilled and skilled workers. Results show that trade integration increases aggregate welfare, but it also raises wage inequality, both within and across skill categories. We also model a public re-training program, financed by a proportional tax levied on skilled workers, which reduces the mobility cost of unskilled workers. We show that even if the re-training programme entails …

Acteal: An Open Wound On Indigenous Human Rights, Marco Tavanti

Marco Tavanti

The December 22, 1997 massacre of indigenous Maya people in town of Acteal in the Highlands of Chiapas, Mexico is an unsolved justice and indigenous rights case. Although some paramilitary associated people were imprisoned and liberated by a decision of the Mexican Supreme Court, the sense of justice and proper reparation is nothing but a frustrated reality for various indigenous groups, especially for the family members of the victims, members of Las Abejas (The Bees) civil society organization.

¿En Qué Momento Se Jodió El Sur? Crecimiento Económico, Derechos De Propiedad Y Regulación Del Crédito En Las Colonias Británicas Y Españolas En América, Enrique Pasquel

Enrique Pasquel

Las instituciones legales de las colonias británicas y españolas pueden ayudar a explicar los distintos niveles de desarrollo económico en esas regiones. Este artículo se centra en el marco legal de los derechos de propiedad y el mercado del crédito en la época colonial, analizando las políticas de asignación de tierras, el establecimiento de registros, los programas de titulación, las cargas sobre la tierra y las restricciones al crédito.

Retos Urbano Ambientales: Disturbio Climático En América Latina Y El Caribe, Clara Irazabal

Clara Irazabal

Las proyecciones hacia el futuro determinan que podría haber un aumento de hasta 1,7°C de temperatura para el 2050 y hasta 4°C para el final de este siglo, lo que sería catastrófico para la sostenabilidad de vida en el planeta, tal y como la conocemos hoy, Los niveles de aumento del nivel del mar han alcanzado 2 a 3 mm/año desde 1980 en la región. Han sido observados también cambios en los patrones de precipitaciones, con algunas áreas recibiendo más lluvias-sur de Brasil. Paraguay, Uruguay, nordeste de Argentina y noroeste de Perú-y otras con un menor nivel-sur de Chile, suroeste …

Standardization As A Solution To The Reading Costs Of Form Contracts, Abraham L. Wickelgren

Abraham L. Wickelgren

It is well-known that a monopolist cannot commit to offer a high quality contract to a consumer reading costs are postive. This paper shows that this also holds in a competitive environment with consumer heterogeneity if the contract space is unrestricted. If firms can offer standardized contracts from a finite set, however, each with a standardized name, this paper shows that, when reading costs are not too large, there exists an equilibrium in which firms offer the most efficient contracts from the set of named contracts and consumers purchase the most efficient contracts offered without incurring any reading costs.

Innovations, Off-Shoring And Specialization, Ioannis Bournakis, Michela Vecchi, Francesco Venturini

Francesco Venturini

This paper investigates the role of innovations in affecting specialisation by allowing countries to rely not only on their traditional factor endowments but also on their abilities to increase their stock of knowledge (R&D) and technologically advanced (ICT) capital, and on their abilities to access resources in other countries (off-shoring). By looking at measures of specialisation based on industry shares of GDP or total employment, we present evidence for 18 manufacturing and service industries, using data for the US, Japan and the largest EU countries for the period 1990-2005. Our results suggest that accumulating ICT or R&D at the industry …

Skript Zur Vorlesung Rechtsanthropologie, Wolfgang Fikentscher

Wolfgang Fikentscher

No abstract provided.

Foresight Into The Future Of Wipo’S Development Agenda, Jeremy De Beer, Sara Bannerman

Jeremy de Beer

No abstract provided.