Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Is Plea Bargaining In The "Shadow Of Trial" A Mirage?, Allison D. Redlich

Allison D Redlich

No abstract provided.

Is Diversion Swift?: Comparing Mental Health Court And Traditional Criminal Justice Processing, Allison D. Redlich, Siyu Liu, Henry J. Steadman, Lisa Callahan, Pamela C. Robbins

Allison D Redlich

No abstract provided.

Voluntary, Knowing, And Intelligent Pleas: Understanding Plea Inquiries, Allison D. Redlich

Allison D Redlich

No abstract provided.

The Rcn (Research Coordination Network) Experiment: Can We Build New Research Networks?, Alan L. Porter, Todd A. Crowl, Jon Garner

alan l porter

The U.S. National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network (RCN) program broke new ground in funding the development of new research communities of practice. This assessment of RCN supports the conclusion that networking activity was increased for a sample set of projects compared to a control group. Journal articles resulting from RCN support score as highly interdisciplinary. Moreover, those articles appear as notably influential, being published in high impact journals and being highly cited. The RCN program does indeed seem to be fostering new biological science research networks.

Innovation Risk Path Assessing For A Newly Emerging Science & Technology: Illustrated For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Tingting Ma, Ying Guo, Alan L. Porter

alan l porter

For “Newly Emerging Science & Technologies” (“NESTs”), uncertainty is the major challenge. Technological innovation for NESTs faces many kinds of risks that dramatically affect their development paths. This paper combines methods of risk utility theory and technology path research and explores a new innovation risk path modeling method for NEST development. Here we apply selected tools from risk utility theory and technology path research to the NEST of special concern—Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). The case for DSSC commercialization is promising, but challengeable. The prospects for future development of DSSCs are good, with identifiable markets. Multi-party collaboration appears necessary in order …

Text Clumping For Technical Intelligence, Alan L. Porter, Yi Zhang

alan l porter

This chapter presents a stepwise process to clean and consolidate sizable phrase compilations. We focus on Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) information sets, typically in the form of abstract records retrieved from topical database searches (e.g., Web of Science, Derwent World Patent Index, Factiva). Our aim is to devise a semi-automated desktop process that can rapidly concentrate lists of informative terms and phrases. Those might then be reviewed by topic experts or otherwise processed to fuel further analyses to gain topic-intensive technical intelligence. We are expressly interested, as well, in further processing of such clumped phrases to generate interpretable topic …

Empirically Informing A Technology Delivery System Model For An Emerging Technology: Illustrated For Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, Ying Guo, Chen Xu, Lu Huang, Alan L. Porter

alan l porter

This paper explores how to extract empirical knowledge from R&D, patent, and business literature compilations to help compose an innovation system model. It adapts the key elements and dynamics of “technology delivery system” modeling to a given Newly Emerging Science & Technology. We present a 10-step analytical approach to help characterize the technology, gauge its state of development, and depict the socio-technical system institutions and actors. We apply this to the case of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (“DSSCs”). A new “cross-charting” method appears effective at associating novel technology-enabled capabilities to gain functional advantages, and to link those functions to potential applications. …

Research Techniques: Review Of Jewishgen's Ftjp Database, James Gross

James Gross

Brief review and discussion of Jewishgen's FTJP database. Article includes brief discussion on usage and search techniques.

Tipicne Nadleznosti Regiona: Evropska Iskustva, Ivana Radic Milosavljevic

Ivana Radic Milosavljevic

No abstract provided.

Risk Capital, Private Credit, And Innovative Production, James B. Ang

James B Ang

Although ideas production plays a critical role for growth, there has been only a modicum of research on the role played by financial forces in fostering new inventions. Drawing on Schumpeterian growth theory, this paper tests the roles of risk capital and private credit in stimulating knowledge production. Using panel data for 77 countries over the period 1965-2009, it is found that countries with more developed financial systems are more innovative. A stronger patent protection framework, on the other hand, curbs innovative production.

Dispelling The Fog About Direct Taxation, James Campbell

James Campbell

A full interpretation of capitation taxes in their historical context is here used as the key to a fresh understanding of the nature and practice of apportioned direct taxation under the Constitution. Contrary to common misconceptions, it appears that none of the key elements of the Federal powers of direct taxation – capitations, other direct taxes, and apportionment – are of uncertain meaning, or no longer of any relevance because of the abolition of slavery. Evidence for these conclusions is drawn from historical studies of taxation, records of the Constitutional Convention, Federal and state tax statutes of the period, contemporaneous …

A Multivariate Analysis Of The Relationship Between Undergraduate Fraternity/Sorority Involvement And Academic Performance, Larry D. Long

Larry D. Long

This study explored the relationship between potential time commitments of fraternity and sorority members and academic performance. A secondary analysis of data collected using the Fraternity/Sorority Experience Survey revealed statistically significant relationships between cumulative grade point average and chapter involvement, engagement in academic activities, part-time work, and alcohol use. Chapter involvement, engagement in academic activities, and part-time work were positively associated with academic performance. Alcohol use was negatively related to academic performance. Implications for practice include establishing a culture of academic achievement in fraternal organizations, minimizing the use of alcohol, identifying and approaching academically at-risk members, and establishing initiatives to …

Automating The Reporting Of Survey Data, Larry D. Long

Larry D. Long

The presentation explains how to automate the reporting of assessment data using the mailmerge feature in MS Word.

Unchallenged, Professed Core Values: Do Undergraduate Fraternity/Sorority Members Actually Benefit In The Areas Of Scholarship, Leadership, Service, And Friendship?, Larry D. Long

Larry D. Long

Fraternities and sororities promote the ideals of scholarship, leadership, service, and friendship. Little or no research, however, has demonstrated that college students who join fraternal organizations actually grow in these areas as a result of their fraternal experience. The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess the extent to which fraternity and sorority members experienced gains in the four outcome areas. The researcher analyzed the aggregate results of 15 Southeastern institutions that administered the AFA/EBI Fraternity/Sorority Assessment during the 2008/2009 academic year. The results revealed the respondents did experience gains related to the espoused values of scholarship, leadership, service, …

The Gatekeeper And The Knowledge Environment-Who They Are, How They Work Empirical Evidences From High-Tech Manufacturing And R&D Firms, Deogratias Harorimana

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study was to critically study the role of the Knowledge Gatekeeper within the manufacturing and high tech selected case studies and by explaining who they are, how they work and identify and analyse the barriers to knowledge creation and knowledge sharing. Methodology: The research was guided by an inductive approach with a multiple case study strategy. Research instruments included a questionnaire and interviews from respectively 105 and 40 respondents. Findings: In the African Manufacturing context, and in absence of sophisticated technologies and highly qualified personnel, technical knowledge can be obtained from organizational …

Review Of Economics Of Manamagement Information Systems, Deogratias Harorimana Sr

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

“Information technology is the "digital nervous system" of any business.” (Bill Gates, Chairman, Microsoft Corporation, 1997)

The way business is conducted in this era is phenomenal. Almost everything is a “click” away. The customers are satisfied, businesses are satisfied, Government is satisfied and the entire globe is gratified by the work of information technology (IT). This research discloses the several returns and shortcomings of IT, and how businesses use IT to realize their strategic goals.

The report presents discussion on two organisations, Dell Computer Corporation and Sydney Waters, which had a prosperous and disastrous implementation of IT systems respectively. The …

Using Mis To Deliver Essential Services:Case Of Healthcare Provision Support In Fiji, Deogratias Harorimana Sr

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

In comparison to other Pacific Island countries, Fiji’s health system is the most developed amongst Pacific Island countries (UNDP 2006) and has undergone significant change in the last decade. From 1999 – 2009, AusAid, a major donor to Fiji’s health system, has supported two stage health sector improvement programs. The first stage (1999 - 2003) was a management reform program designed to improve decision making by supporting a new model of decentralized management. The second phase (2004 – 2009) looked at improving governance, health systems performance, clinical outcomes and supported public health and infrastructure initiatives at the divisional level (WHO …

Impact Of Crm Systems On Organisational Performance: A Case Study Of Anz Bank, Deogratias Harorimana Sr

Dr Deogratias Harorimana

This paper reports case study results analysis of the ANZ Bank in the Pacific Region. The case study results show that ANZ has a well-established CRM system supporting its marketing and sales activities, but equally the results indicate mixed scenarios. A positive relationship between CRM to performance was established. That is, it has a positive contribution to the bank’s performance, both financial and non-financial. There is also negative feedback on the bank’s CRM system which illustrates that CRM system can also have negative consequences. CRM success is questionable from a stand-alone perspective. Although there are encouraging results from the use …

Minecraft As Web 2.0: Amateur Creativity In Digital Games, Greg Lastowka

Greg Lastowka

This book chapter considers how the digital game Minecraft has both enabled and benefited from various Web 2.0 practices. I begin with an explanation of the concept of Web 2.0 and then consider how that concept applies to the space of digital games.

Cartelizing Taxes: Understanding The Oecd’S Campaign Against “Harmful Tax Competition”, Lotta Moberg, Andrew P. Morriss

Lotta Moberg

Formed in 1961 to promote global economic and social well-being, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has become the collective voice of rich countries on international tax issues. After an initial focus on improving commerce through addressing double taxation issues, the organization shifted to a focus on restricting tax competition and increasing automatic exchanges of tax information. In this paper we analyze the reasons for this shift in policy focus. After describing the history of the OECD’s work on taxation, we examine the OECD’s project against “harmful tax competition” as it has played out since its launch in …

The Horror, The Horror: Graduate Student Information Seeking And Horror In Academia Bibliography, Lizzy A. Walker

Lizzy A. Walker

Horror has taken a seat at the table of academia. This genre of film has spurred academia to take a closer look at them. Gender studies, the arts, philosophy, and other humanities studies can benefit from a specific reference section in regard to horror. Graduate status is seemingly a line between undergraduate and faculty patterns and, as such, there is a difference in how they conduct research and information seeking. While it is clearly their own way of gathering information, it is a combination of the motions performed by undergraduates and faculty. More specifically, graduate students in the humanities have …

The Readers' Advisory Guide To Horror, Second Edition, Lizzy A. Walker

Lizzy A. Walker

Becky Siegel Spratford’s The Readers’ Advisory Guide to Horror, Second Edition updates the 2004 edition and provides librarians with valuable information on horror. The author specifies that she revised and reassessed the material, including “new authors, trends, annotations, and suggestions” (x). As someone who is an avid reader of the genre, it is refreshing to have a resource that not only provides great selections, but also discusses the sometimes unknown subgenres of horror.

Writing And Publishing: The Librarian's Handbook, Lizzy A. Walker

Lizzy A. Walker

Writing for publication takes time and crafting, and Carol Smallwood’s book Writing and Publishing: The Librarian's Handbook can assist librarians with this process. As part of the ALA Guides for the Busy Librarian series, the book can be read cover to cover or one entry at a time for those who have busy schedules.

Mahatma Gandhi, Lester R. Kurtz

Lester R. Kurtz

Mahatma Gandhi, is widely cited by contemporary activists as a source of inspiration and strategies. Gandhi was arguably unparalleled at mobilizing resources, taking advantage of – and creating – political opportunities, and effectively framing such messages as justice, equality, and independence or freedom (Swaraj, self-reliance). His legacy has almost become a cliché among movement organizers worldwide.

Youth Representatives’ Opinions On Recruiting And Representing Young Workers: A Twofold Unsatisfied Demand?, Kurt Vandaele

Kurt Vandaele

Unionization levels are far lower among young workers than for the workforce in general. How can trade unions become more responsive to their particular interests and needs? Union confederations, even in countries with decentralized union structures, have the potential to take effective initiatives to facilitate and support new organizing strategies targeted at young workers, for example by spreading knowledge, practical skills and vision of relevance for improving the representation and recruitment of young workers. Yet the survey findings reported here show that youth representatives across Europe find their confederations’ responsiveness and commitment to organizing to be inadequate. Their dissatisfaction confirms …

Do Unions And Worker Representation Bodies Make For More Or Less Inequality?, Aline Conchon, Stefan Clauwaert, Romek Jagodzinski, Isabelle Schömann, Michael Stoltt, Kurt Vandaele, Sigurt Vitols

Kurt Vandaele

No abstract provided.

Mapping Unions In The ‘New Member States’ In Gardawski, J., Mrozowicki, A., Czarzasty, J., Country Report: Trade Unions In Poland. Report 123. Brussels, Etui, Pp.5-10., Kurt Vandaele

Kurt Vandaele

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Boundary Organisations In The Social Status Of Climate Change Knowledge, Robert Hoppe, Anne Wesselink, Rose Cairns

Robert Hoppe

A plethora of institutional forms has emerged whose remit is to link climate change science to policy-making. These can be understood as boundary organisations where science and politics meet and intertwine. This article examines the role of boundary organisations in the production and social status of climate change knowledge. A multi-level conceptual model is outlined which demonstrates how context is crucial to understanding the operation and impact of boundary organisations. The framework is applied to analyse climate governance boundary arrangements at the international level and a number of national contexts. In the framing years of the global climate change issue, …

Understanding The Iaea's Mandate In Iran: Avoiding Misinterpretations, Orde F. Kittrie, David Albright, Olli Heinonen

Orde F. Kittrie

This article analyzes and counters the claim that the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has exceeded its legal mandate in applying safeguards in Iran in accordance with a comprehensive safeguards agreement (CSA) under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). It does so in view of the importance of the IAEA's activities regarding Iran, the persistent efforts by Iran to call into question the legitimacy of those IAEA activities, and the authors' concern to ensure that there is no misunderstanding as to the agency's mandates.

Much attention has focused on Iran's advancing nuclear program, on the peace and security concerns which that …

The Innocence Effect, Oren Gazal-Ayal, Avishalom Tor

Oren Gazal-Ayal

Nearly all felony convictions—about 95%—follow guilty pleas, suggesting plea offers are very attractive compared to trials. Many scholars, in fact, argue plea bargains are too attractive and should be curtailed because they facilitate the wrongful conviction of innocents. Others contend plea offers only benefit innocent defendants, providing an alternative to the risk of a much harsher sentence at trial they may wish to avoid. Both detractors and supporters thus believe plea bargains often lead innocents to plead guilty. The two camps in the debate, moreover, also share the view that defendants’ culpability matters little for the rate of plea bargaining, …