Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Arts and Humanities (3779)
- Sociology (3354)
- Library and Information Science (3301)
- Psychology (2804)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (2596)
-
- Economics (2517)
- Education (2397)
- Communication (2384)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (1977)
- Business (1802)
- Political Science (1592)
- Life Sciences (1497)
- Law (1293)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (1273)
- Anthropology (1088)
- International and Area Studies (978)
- History (969)
- Geography (794)
- Journalism Studies (708)
- Engineering (611)
- Higher Education (610)
- Public Health (598)
- Sports Studies (516)
- Mass Communication (515)
- Legal Studies (501)
- Social Work (501)
- Urban Studies and Planning (501)
- Family, Life Course, and Society (482)
- International Relations (469)
- Institution
-
- Selected Works (4406)
- SelectedWorks (1048)
- University of Wollongong (958)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (666)
- Purdue University (657)
-
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (432)
- Western Kentucky University (358)
- Singapore Management University (351)
- Cedarville University (341)
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville (311)
- University of Northern Iowa (297)
- Western Michigan University (293)
- Portland State University (283)
- San Jose State University (283)
- University of South Florida (264)
- Syracuse University (255)
- Western University (242)
- University of Central Florida (240)
- Brigham Young University (229)
- University of Kentucky (224)
- College of the Holy Cross (216)
- SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad (212)
- Wayne State University (205)
- Claremont Colleges (203)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (193)
- Wright State University (189)
- Grand Valley State University (182)
- Nova Southeastern University (178)
- James Madison University (176)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (167)
- Keyword
-
- Cedarville (328)
- Athletics (320)
- Education (226)
- Deaf culture (203)
- Church work with the deaf -- Catholic Church (202)
-
- Deaf -- Periodicals (202)
- Hearing impaired (202)
- Pastoral care of people with disabilities (202)
- Journal Articles (191)
- Gender (178)
- Psychology (147)
- 2012 (146)
- Health (138)
- Communication (136)
- Student newspaper (135)
- Archaeology (129)
- Leadership (129)
- Higher education (128)
- Culture (126)
- Politics (126)
- Western Kentucky University (126)
- Women (126)
- Development (123)
- Newspaper (122)
- Syllabus, syllabi, journalism, communication, media, strategic media (119)
- Kentucky (111)
- Australia (109)
- Information literacy (108)
- Spartan Daily (106)
- Race (102)
- Publication
-
- Against the Grain (274)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (261)
- Theses and Dissertations (257)
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A (236)
- Open Educational Resources (234)
-
- Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences (230)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (189)
- Masters Theses (172)
- Faculty Publications (160)
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A (159)
- Dissertations (155)
- Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive) (150)
- Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection (149)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (146)
- Honors Theses (139)
- Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive) (136)
- The Qualitative Report (134)
- Publications and Research (122)
- Journalism and Strategic Media Syllabi (119)
- Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository (117)
- UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones (111)
- Don C. Iverson (108)
- Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications) (106)
- Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice (102)
- Gleanings: Department of English Blog Archive (100)
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive) (98)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (98)
- Master's Theses (97)
- Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024) (96)
- Psychology Faculty Publications (93)
- Publication Type
Articles 19891 - 19920 of 23313
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Reunifying From Behind Bars: A Quantitative Study Of The Relationship Between Parental Incarceration, Service Use, And Foster Care Reunification, Amy C. D’Andrade, Melanie Valdez
Reunifying From Behind Bars: A Quantitative Study Of The Relationship Between Parental Incarceration, Service Use, And Foster Care Reunification, Amy C. D’Andrade, Melanie Valdez
Amy C. D’Andrade
Incarcerated parents attempting to reunify with their children in foster care can find it difficult to complete the activities on their court-ordered case plans, such as drug treatment services and visitation with children. Although much has been written regarding the obstacles that are likely to interfere with reunification for incarcerated parents, very little quantitative research has examined the topic. This study uses secondary data to examine the incarceration experiences and reunification outcomes of a sample of 225 parents in one large urban California county. In multivariate analysis controlling for problems and demographics, incarcerated parents were less likely to reunify with …
Parental Problems, Case Plan Requirements, And Service Targeting In Child Welfare Reunification, Amy C. D’Andrade, Ruth M. Chambers
Parental Problems, Case Plan Requirements, And Service Targeting In Child Welfare Reunification, Amy C. D’Andrade, Ruth M. Chambers
Amy C. D’Andrade
Only about half of parents attempting to reunify with their children in foster care succeed in their efforts. Parents are ordered by the court to use treatment services in order to resolve their problems. These treatment services thus play a critical role in reunification, and in fact the use of services appropriately matched to parents' problems has been found to be associated with a greater likelihood of reunification. However, there is little in the literature regarding the specific requirements of reunification case plans, and whether they are accurately targeted at reunifying parents' problems. This mostly descriptive study uses case file …
Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (Nasis) 2011-2012 Methodology Report, Bureau Of Sociological Research
Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (Nasis) 2011-2012 Methodology Report, Bureau Of Sociological Research
Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (NASIS)
CONTENTS
Introduction 3
Mode Selection 3
Design & Item Selection 3
Sampling Design 4
Experimental Design Treatment 4
Data Collection Process 4
Response Rate 5
Data-Entry Training, Supervision, and Quality Control 5
Processing of Completed Surveys 5
Data Cleaning 5
Representativeness of the Survey 6
NASIS Sample Weights 6
Figures 8
Tables 9
Appendix A: Cover Letter 11
Appendix B: Formatted Mail Survey 13
Appendix C: Future Interest Research Form 45
Appendix D: Reminder Postcard 46
Appendix E: County Codes 47
Appendix F: Variables and Descriptions 48
Nasis 2012: Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey Questionnaire, Bureau Of Sociological Research
Nasis 2012: Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey Questionnaire, Bureau Of Sociological Research
Nebraska Annual Social Indicators Survey (NASIS)
We need your help to learn about how Nebraskans think, feel, and live. Researchers from the University of Nebraska and across the state are counting on your help to learn about a variety of issues. Your responses will help shape program and policy development in Nebraska now and into the future.
105 questions; 16 pages
Does Giving People Their Preferred Survey Mode Actually Increase Survey Participation Rates? An Experimental Examination, Kristen Olson, Jolene D. Smyth, Heather M. Wood
Does Giving People Their Preferred Survey Mode Actually Increase Survey Participation Rates? An Experimental Examination, Kristen Olson, Jolene D. Smyth, Heather M. Wood
Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications
Survey research has long grappled with the concept of survey mode preference: the idea that a respondent may prefer to participate in one survey mode over another. This article experimentally examines the effect of mode preference on response, contact, and cooperation rates; mode choice; and data collection efficiency. Respondents to a 2008 telephone survey (n = 1,811; AAPOR RR3 = 38 percent) were asked their mode preference for future survey participation. These respondents were subsequently followed up in 2009 with two independent survey requests. The first follow-up survey request was another telephone survey (n = 548; AAPOR RR2 = 55.5 …
Reliability Testing Of The Pabs (Pedestrian And Bicycling Survey) Method, Asha W. Agrawal, Ann Forsyth, Kevin J. Krizek, Eric Stonebraker
Reliability Testing Of The Pabs (Pedestrian And Bicycling Survey) Method, Asha W. Agrawal, Ann Forsyth, Kevin J. Krizek, Eric Stonebraker
Asha W. Agrawal
The Pedestrian and Bicycling Survey (PABS) is a questionnaire designed to be economical and straightforward to administer so that it can be used by local governments interested in measuring the amount and purposes of walking and cycling in their communities. In addition, it captures key sociodemographic characteristics of those participating in these activities. Methods: In 2009 and 2010 results from the 4-page mail-out/mail-back PABS were tested for reliability across 2 administrations (test-retest reliability). Two versions--early and refined--were tested separately with 2 independent groups of university students from 4 universities (N = 100 in group 1; N = 87 in group …
Disruption And Disintermediation: A Review Of The Collection Development And Management Literature, 2009 And 2010, Marcia Thomas
Disruption And Disintermediation: A Review Of The Collection Development And Management Literature, 2009 And 2010, Marcia Thomas
Scholarly Publications
This paper reviews the literature of collection development and management from 2009 and 2010. Themes and trends reflect the profound effect of environmental forces on libraries, including the economic recession, changes in scholarly communication, and an increasingly networked environment. Libraries reduced print collections and moved them to storage or shared repositories and assessed collections to find efficiencies and demonstrate value. Research libraries moved away from collecting everything to mission-focused collecting, with an emphasis on unique collections. Collaboration across libraries, within institutions, and with non-library partners continued as a key management strategy. Nascent plans emerged to develop a national strategy for …
Online Learning & Copyright, Michael Priehs
Online Learning & Copyright, Michael Priehs
Library Scholarly Publications
Presentation to faculty in Wayne State University's (WSU) School of Business Administration about copyright and their use of materials in online instruction.
Putting Multimedia Exhibits In The Palm Of Your Hand, Damecia Donahue, Rachael Clark
Putting Multimedia Exhibits In The Palm Of Your Hand, Damecia Donahue, Rachael Clark
Library Scholarly Publications
Presentation given by Rachael Clark and Damecia Donahue in November of 2012 at the Michigan Library Association Annual Conference in Detroit, MI. The discussion revolved around topics related to libraries creating exhibits using their own collections and resources; this included the idea of incorporating multimedia tools and web applications to creatively and interactively provide access to library materials.
Predictive Referral Pattterns For Hospice Care Based On Patient And Physician Characteristics , Kristin Berggren
Predictive Referral Pattterns For Hospice Care Based On Patient And Physician Characteristics , Kristin Berggren
Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)
No abstract provided.
Being Physically Active: Perceptions Of Recent Mexican Immigrant Women On The Arizona-Mexico Border, Donna Hartweg, Christina Isabelli, Marylyn Mcewen, Rosie Piper
Being Physically Active: Perceptions Of Recent Mexican Immigrant Women On The Arizona-Mexico Border, Donna Hartweg, Christina Isabelli, Marylyn Mcewen, Rosie Piper
Scholarship
Mexican immigrant women report being physically active prior to arrival in the United States. However, with increased years of U.S. residency, this positive lifestyle behavior diminishes, increasing their risk of obesity and chronic disease. A qualitative descriptive design was used to elicit recent Mexican immigrant women’s perceptions of “being physically active” and to describe how living in the United States has influenced their perceptions of being physically active. Three themes were inductively generated: (a) purposeful exercising, (b) being active, and (c) being active with purposeful exercising. Overall, being physically active was described within the context of daily living well below …
Using Data To See And Select The Most Vulnerable Adolescent Girls, Sarah Engebretsen
Using Data To See And Select The Most Vulnerable Adolescent Girls, Sarah Engebretsen
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Investment in adolescent girls is crucial in the developing world where a large proportion of the population is under the age of 24. It is critical to protecting rights to schooling, bodily integrity, and legal and chosen marriage, and to reducing fertility while increasing productive capacity. Making adolescent girls visible is essential so that investments can be targeted toward those at the highest risk of the poorest outcomes. This guide seeks to find and target vulnerable adolescent girls and shape policy context. It provides guidance on resources and tools that can reveal the internal diversity of adolescents, identify the onset …
Filles Eveillées : Programme Pilote Pour Adolescentes Migrantes Employées De Maison Au Burkina Faso Urbain, Sarah Engebretsen, Gisele Kaboré, Leah Jarvis
Filles Eveillées : Programme Pilote Pour Adolescentes Migrantes Employées De Maison Au Burkina Faso Urbain, Sarah Engebretsen, Gisele Kaboré, Leah Jarvis
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Les jeunes Burkinabè n’ont guère de débouchés économiques, en particulier dans les milieux ruraux. En 2010, le Population Council a mené une recherche formative dans le but de mieux comprendre la situation des adolescentes migrantes employées de maison au Burkina Faso urbain. L’étude révèle qu’arrivées à la ville, ces filles vivent généralement chez leurs employeurs et travaillent de longues journées laborieuses. Il leur reste très peu de temps pour aller à l’école, développer des réseaux sociaux et acquérir les compétences nécessaires à la vie adulte. Il s’avère du reste que les programmes destinés à cette population interviennent en majorité après …
Challenges Facing The Egyptian Education System: Access, Quality, And Inequality, Caroline Krafft
Challenges Facing The Egyptian Education System: Access, Quality, And Inequality, Caroline Krafft
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This brief analyzes and summarizes young people's responses to the 2009 Survey of Young People in Egypt (SYPE) to identify the greatest challenges facing the Egyptian educational system, focusing specifically on primary through secondary schooling. Results show that access to school has improved, but some youth, especially females in rural Upper Egypt, remain outside the school system and are increasingly marginalized. The Egyptian school system is delivering low-quality education that is irrelevant to the labor market and has problems with repetition, absenteeism, and drop out which reduce the efficiency of the education system. Unequal distribution of resources in the education …
Youth Perspectives On Entrepreneurship In Egypt: Barriers To Entrepreneurship As A Means To Combat Youth Unemployment, Maia Sieverding
Youth Perspectives On Entrepreneurship In Egypt: Barriers To Entrepreneurship As A Means To Combat Youth Unemployment, Maia Sieverding
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This brief examines a range of factors that Egyptian youth perceive to be barriers to starting their own business, including high risk, limited access to finance, complexity of micro-credit schemes, lack of business and marketing training, and the need for connections in order to succeed. According to results from the Survey of Young People in Egypt, these factors combine to create the view among many youth that entrepreneurship is not a viable means of labor-market entry. Rather, youth see entrepreneurship as either a supplemental income-generating activity while also having a “regular” job, or as a later-life employment option once they …
Is Early Childhood Care And Education A Good Investment For Egypt? Estimates Of Educational Impacts, Costs, And Benefits [Arabic], Caroline Krafft
Is Early Childhood Care And Education A Good Investment For Egypt? Estimates Of Educational Impacts, Costs, And Benefits [Arabic], Caroline Krafft
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This summary details the impact of early childhood education in Egypt. The results show that early childhood care and education has an impact on educational attainment that is both statistically significant and sizeable. Such interventions increase overall educational attainment by approximately one year, primarily due to decreased primary and preparatory drop out. The impact on educational attainment is reflected in improved school performance, such as higher test scores, decreased grade repetition, and improvements in school tracking, during the early years. Investments in early childhood education can be a powerful approach to improving educational outcomes, and the research suggests that increases …
Challenges Facing The Egyptian Education System: Access, Quality, And Inequality [Arabic], Caroline Krafft
Challenges Facing The Egyptian Education System: Access, Quality, And Inequality [Arabic], Caroline Krafft
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This brief analyzes and summarizes young people's responses to the 2009 Survey of Young People in Egypt (SYPE) to identify the greatest challenges facing the Egyptian educational system, focusing specifically on primary through secondary schooling. Results show that access to school has improved, but some youth, especially females in rural Upper Egypt, remain outside the school system and are increasingly marginalized. The Egyptian school system is delivering low-quality education that is irrelevant to the labor market and has problems with repetition, absenteeism, and drop out which reduce the efficiency of the education system. Unequal distribution of resources in the education …
The Role Of Intercollegiate Athletics On An Athlete's Decision To Attend College, Holly Hefflinger
The Role Of Intercollegiate Athletics On An Athlete's Decision To Attend College, Holly Hefflinger
Graduate Theses
The purpose of the study was to determine if California community college athletes would attend college if intercollegiate athletics were not offered and to examine differences in gender, races/ethnicities, socioeconomic statuses, and sports. The goal of the study was to provide useful information to college administrators that are considering initiating, adding, or eliminating intercollegiate athletic programs. Participants in the study include student-athletes attending California community colleges that participate in one of three sports: basketball, soccer, or tennis. A survey questionnaire was the method for collecting data.
Informality And Labor Market Dynamics During Economic Downturns: Evidence From Egypt, Rania Roushdy, May Gadallah
Informality And Labor Market Dynamics During Economic Downturns: Evidence From Egypt, Rania Roushdy, May Gadallah
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This working paper investigates the evolution of the Egyptian labor market during the world financial crisis period. There has been a mild decline in unemployment, combined with a slight increase in both labor force participation and employment to population ratio. Some subgroups of workers have been more vulnerable than others during the crisis period. The results of this paper concur with the historical experience, which suggests that young, old, unskilled and female workers are more likely to bear the brunt of an economic downturn.
Youth Perspectives On Entrepreneurship In Egypt: Barriers To Entrepreneurship As A Means To Combat Youth Unemployment [Arabic], Maia Sieverding
Youth Perspectives On Entrepreneurship In Egypt: Barriers To Entrepreneurship As A Means To Combat Youth Unemployment [Arabic], Maia Sieverding
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This brief examines a range of factors that Egyptian youth perceive to be barriers to starting their own business, including high risk, limited access to finance, complexity of micro-credit schemes, lack of business and marketing training, and the need for connections in order to succeed. According to results from the Survey of Young People in Egypt, these factors combine to create the view among many youth that entrepreneurship is not a viable means of labor-market entry. Rather, youth see entrepreneurship as either a supplemental income-generating activity while also having a “regular” job, or as a later-life employment option once they …
Social Protection In Egypt: A Policy Overview, Maia Sieverding, Irene Selwaness
Social Protection In Egypt: A Policy Overview, Maia Sieverding, Irene Selwaness
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The need to address the shortcomings of Egypt’s current social protection system as part of a broader process of developing a new social contract between the Egyptian government and its citizens has been noted for a number of years. With a new government recently put in place, Egypt is now at a potential turning point in terms of implementing unfinished reforms to the system or proposing alternative ones. The aim of this paper is therefore to provide an overview and assessment of current public social protection mechanisms and suggest directions for new policy measures. The social and health insurance systems …
Testing The Feasibility Of Police Provision Of Emergency Contraception In Malawi, Malawi Human Rights Resource Centre, Malawi Police Service, Ministry Of Health
Testing The Feasibility Of Police Provision Of Emergency Contraception In Malawi, Malawi Human Rights Resource Centre, Malawi Police Service, Ministry Of Health
Reproductive Health
Violence against women and children remains a major public health and human rights challenge in the world. This report provides information on a project evaluating the feasibility of having trained police officers safely and effectively provide emergency contraception (EC) to survivors of sexual assault as a means of broadening access to comprehensive care in Malawi. The effort capitalized on findings that the majority of survivors of sexual assault in Malawi report to the police first. Results from the project, implemented by the Malawi Human Rights Centre and Malawi Police Service, demonstrate that it is feasible to implement police provision of …
Priorities For Adolescent Girls' Education, Cynthia B. Lloyd
Priorities For Adolescent Girls' Education, Cynthia B. Lloyd
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Adolescence is a time of rapid growth and development physically, emotionally, and cognitively. For girls it is a stage of life during which education, when effectively provided, can be transformative. One of the most significant problems in most developing countries is the failure of education systems to realize their potential for empowering adolescent girls by providing economically productive skills. Education during adolescence can protect girls from the risks of premature sexual initiation and allow them to postpone marriage and childbearing and experience a childhood without the burden of excessive domestic work. Schools have the potential to fully empower girls to …
Baseline And Endline Findings Of Filles Eveillées ('Girls Awakened'): A Pilot Program For Migrant Adolescent Girls In Domestic Service. Cohort 1 (2011–2012), Bobo-Dioulasso, Sarah Engebretsen
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Burkina Faso has the tenth youngest population in the world, with 45 percent of the population below the age of 15. Young people in Burkina Faso, especially adolescent girls, have few economic opportunities, particularly in rural areas. This drives migration to urban areas in search of employment. On their own, girls are physically and economically vulnerable and many are at heightened risk for gender-based violence. The Population Council conducted formative research in 2010 to better understand the situation of migrant adolescent girls in domestic service in urban Burkina Faso, and subsequently designed a safe spaces intervention. The Filles Éveillées (“Girls …
Wandering On The Web-Free Cloud Storage, Amy J.W. Slowik
Wandering On The Web-Free Cloud Storage, Amy J.W. Slowik
Against the Grain
No abstract provided.
Guide To The Congressman Hastings Keith Collection, 1911-2011, Orson Kingsley, Caitlin Gette-King
Guide To The Congressman Hastings Keith Collection, 1911-2011, Orson Kingsley, Caitlin Gette-King
Archives & Special Collections Finding Aids
Biographical Sketch
Hastings Keith (1915-2005), a native of Brockton, Massachusetts, began his political career, in 1952 when he was elected to the Massachusetts State Senate. In 1958 he was elected to the United States Congress out of Massachusetts as a Republican representing Southeastern Massachusetts, which included all or parts of Plymouth, Bristol, Dukes, Nantucket, and Barnstable (Cape Cod) Counties. He would go on to serve seven terms in Congress, retiring after his term expired in 1972.
Keith was referred to as the “Cranberry Congressman” after he helped the Plymouth County cranberry industry recover from a national rumor in 1959 that …
Reward Differences Between Adolescents From A Native American Community And Adolescents From A Non-Native American Community, Mark Guthmiller, Daniel Houlihan, Liesa A. Klein, Kendra J. Homan, Tammy J. Jollie-Trottier
Reward Differences Between Adolescents From A Native American Community And Adolescents From A Non-Native American Community, Mark Guthmiller, Daniel Houlihan, Liesa A. Klein, Kendra J. Homan, Tammy J. Jollie-Trottier
Psychology Department Publications
Differences in preferred rewards of male and female Native American and non-Native America adolescents were examined using the Native American version of the Survey of Rewards for Teens (SORT-NA). The SORT-NA is a self-report survey which examines preferences across eight domains: sports, food, entertainment, excursions, interests and hobbies, social activities, social related activities, and a miscellaneous category. Results indicated significant differences in reward preference across culture in two domains, and across gender in five domains.
Bridging The Gap From Wikipedia To Scholarly Sources: A Simple Discovery Tool, Valerie Forrestal, Barbara Arnett
Bridging The Gap From Wikipedia To Scholarly Sources: A Simple Discovery Tool, Valerie Forrestal, Barbara Arnett
Publications and Research
This article discusses the creation and unique implementation of a browser-based search tool at Stevens Institute of Technology. A oneSearch bookmarklet was created to allow users to execute a search of library resources directly from their Internet browser via a JavaScript book mark applet. The article also provides a brief history of similar discovery tools, as well as a look at recent literature highlighting the importance of convenience and innovation for academic researchers.
Selective And (Subtle) Marketing Of Library Instruction, Mark Aaron Polger, Karen Okamoto
Selective And (Subtle) Marketing Of Library Instruction, Mark Aaron Polger, Karen Okamoto
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
Bayesian Approach To Zero-Inflated Bivariate Ordered Probit Regression Model, With An Application To Tobacco Use, Shiferaw Gurmu, Getachew A. Dagne
Bayesian Approach To Zero-Inflated Bivariate Ordered Probit Regression Model, With An Application To Tobacco Use, Shiferaw Gurmu, Getachew A. Dagne
ECON Publications
This paper presents a Bayesian analysis of bivariate ordered probit regression model with excess of zeros. Specifically, in the context of joint modeling of two ordered outcomes, we develop zero-inflated bivariate ordered probit model and carry out estimation using Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. Using household tobacco survey data with substantial proportion of zeros, we analyze the socioeconomic determinants of individual problem of smoking and chewing tobacco. In our illustration, we find strong evidence that accounting for excess zeros provides good fit to the data. The example shows that the use of a model that ignores zero-inflation masks differential effects …