Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Boundaries Of A Complex World, Isbn 978-3-662-49078-5 (2016), Andrei Ludu

Andrei Ludu

Uncovering Peer Effects Mechanisms With Weight Outcomes Using Spatial Econometrics, Olugbenga Ajilore, Aliaksandr Amialchuk, Wei Xiong, Xinyue Ye

Olugbenga Ajilore

Research about how peers influence weight outcomes among adolescents has yielded mixed findings. This paper seeks to not only estimate these peer effects, but also to distinguish between two mechanisms: social multiplier effects and social norm effects. After estimating an augmented spatial autoregressive model using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health Survey, this study finds significant peer interactions in body mass index, which can be explained by both mechanisms of peer influence; the social norm effect is much larger than the social multiplier effect. The estimated peer effects for overweight and obesity statuses suggest that …

Does The Villain's Journey Mirror The Hero's Journey?, Scott T. Allison

Scott T. Allison

We describe how the classic story arc of the villain tends to parallel that of the hero in myth and legend. Villains differ from heroes on the dimension of morality but narratives of both entities share many of the same key elements.

The 2012 U.S. Election And Political Messages In Sermons, Daniel Roland, Darin Freeburg

Daniel Roland

This study sought to determine to what degree clergy members of various denominations mentioned the 2012 Presidential Election in their sermons. A convenience sampling of 1,012 sermon texts prepared and delivered by 141 Protestant Christian clergy members from August 5 through November 4, 2012, were gathered and analyzed for occurrences and type of political messages. Analysis found that political messages were more likely to be given by clergy located in Blue States and least likely to be given by clergy located in Red States. Extensive political messages were more likely delivered by clergy located in Swing States. Clergy members were …

The New Visible Hand: Understanding Today’S R&D Management, Craig Boardman

Craig Boardman

No abstract provided.

Wikileaks, Texts, And Archaeology: The Case Of The Schøyen Incantation Bowls, Neil J. Brodie, Morag M. Kersel

Morag M. Kersel

No abstract provided.

Friend Affiliations And School Adjustment Among Mexican-American Adolescents: The Moderating Role Of Peer And Parent Support, G. Espinoza, Cari Gillen-O'Neel, N. A. Gonzales, A. J. Fuligni

Cari Gillen-O'Neel

No abstract provided.

Trolling Spoons & Baseball: The Life, Lures, And Legacy Of Charles H. Morse, William B. Krohn

William B. Krohn

Sweet Little Lies: Social Context And The Use Of Deception In Negotiation, Mara Olekalns, Carol T. Kulik, Lin Chew

Mara Olekalns

Social context shapes negotiators’ actions, including their willingness to act unethically. In this research, we test how three dimensions of social context – dyadic gender composition, negotiation strategy, and trust – interact to influence one micro-ethical decision, the use of deception, in a simulated negotiation. To create an opportunity for deception, we incorporated an indifference issue – an issue that had no value for one of the two parties – into the negotiation. Deception about this issue was least likely to be affected by trust or negotiation strategy in all-male dyads, suggesting that dyads with at least one female negotiator …

Cumulative Trauma Exposure And High Risk Behavior In Adolescence: Findings From The Nctsn Core Data Set, Christopher M. Layne, Johanna K.P. Greeson, Sarah A. Ostrowski, Soeun Kim, Stephanie Reading, Rebecca L. Vivrette, Ernestine C. Briggs, John A. Fairbank, Robert S. Pynoos

Christopher M Layne Ph.D.

Although links between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and problems in adulthood are well-established, less is known regarding links between exposure to trauma during childhood and high-risk behavior in adolescence. We tested the hypothesis that cumulative exposure to up to 20 different types of trauma incrementally predicts high-risk adolescent behavior beyond demographic variables. Adolescents reporting exposure to at least one type of trauma (n = 3,785; mean age = 15.3 years; 62.7% girls) were selected from the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Core Data Set (CDS). Logistic regression analyses tested associations among both demographic variables and number of types of trauma …

Evaluating The Drivers And Triggers Of Ecosystem Dynamics In Pre‐Contact New England, Elizabeth Chilton, Dianna Doucette, Katie Kirakosian, Deena Duranleau, David Foster, Wyatt Oswald, Bryan Shuman

Katie Kirakosian

No abstract provided.

Student Embargoes Within Institutional Repositories: Faculty Early Transparency Concerns, David Stern

David Stern

Within the academic sphere there are legitimate reasons why some faculty-student collaboration efforts should not be documented and released ASAP as open access materials placed in institutional repositories. The need for the protection of ideas and processes prior to faculty publication can be in direct conflict with the intention for institutional repositories to promote the excellent efforts of students. This is certainly true in laboratory situations in which details of experiments and research areas are guarded for the lifetime of the exploration process. The implications of this situation can range from the removal of students from sensitive collaborations (unless there …

Ann O'Brien Memorial Tribute, Christine L. Borgman

Christine L. Borgman

No abstract provided.

Revisiting Pragmatics Abilities In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Jessica De Villiers, Brooke Myers, Robert J. Stainton

Robert J. Stainton

In a 2007 paper, we argued that speakers with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) exhibit pragmatic abilities which are surprising given the usual understanding of communication in that group. That is, it is commonly reported that people diagnosed with an ASD have trouble with metaphor, irony, conversational implicature and other non-literal language. This is not a matter of trouble with knowledge and application of rules of grammar. The difficulties lie, rather, in successful communicative interaction. Though we did find pragmatic errors within literal talk, the transcribed conversations we studied showed many, many successes. A second paper reinforced our finding of a …

Parent Decision-Making When Selecting Schools: The Case Of Nepal, Priyadarshani Joshi

Priyadarshani Joshi

Complementing Traditional Leadership, Jane P. Currie

Jane Currie

No abstract provided.

Tom's Resume, Tom Klingler

Tom Klingler

No abstract provided.

Marijuana Liberalization Policies: Why We Can't Learn Much From Policy Still In Motion, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Eric L. Sevigny

Rosalie Liccardo Pacula

No abstract provided.

Neurocognitive Brain Response To Transient Impairment Of Wernicke's Area, Robert A. Mason, Chantel S. Prat, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Machine-Readable Text Of The Federalist, Peter J. Aschenbrenner

Peter J. Aschenbrenner

Machine-readable text of the eighty-five Federalist Papers is provided

The Dispute Tree And The Legal Forest, Catherine R. Albiston, Lauren B. Edelman, Joy Milligan

Lauren Edelman

No abstract provided.

Data, Data Practices, And Data Curation, Part I, Christine L. Borgman

Christine L. Borgman

In today’s technology-intensive research environments, petabytes of data may be produced in a matter of hours, days, or weeks. Those data may be lost in a similar amount of time if they are not captured, curated, and marked up in ways that allow for discovery and reuse by others. Datasets large and small can be very useful not only to researchers, but also to students, to the general public, and to policy makers. Among the classes of data of broad general interest are scientific records of the climate, the skies and galaxies, plant and animal species, social and economic observations, …

Academic Faculty Working In University Research Centers: Neither Capitalism's Slaves Nor Teaching Fugitives, Barry Bozeman, Craig Boardman

Craig Boardman

This study addresses university-industry interactions for both educational and industrial outcomes. The results suggest that while academic faculty ho are affiliated with centers are more involved with industry than non-affiliated faculty, affiliates are also more involved with and supportive of students at the undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral levels.

Modulation Of Cortical Activity During Comprehension Of Familiar And Unfamiliar Text Topics In Speed Reading And Speed Listening, Augusto Buchweitz, Robert A. Mason, Gayane Meschyan, Timothy A. Keller, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Of Earth, Fire, And Faith: Architectural Practice In The Fernandino Missions Of Alta California, 1769-1821, Rubén G. Mendoza, Jennifer Lucido

Jennifer Lucido

No abstract provided.

Lisa And Phoebe, Lone Vegetarian Icons: At Odds With Television’S Carnonormativity, Carrie P. Freeman

Carrie P. Freeman

In this chapter, I examine how human privilege operates by studying the characterization of ethical vegetarianism as an alternative lifestyle and comedic fodder in primetime television. The rebellious dietary choices of Lisa on "The Simpsons" and Phoebe on "Friends" provide an opportunity to analyze the construction of animal rights identities and how that is perceived and negotiated by the meat-eating (carnistic) mainstream. I articulate how, and to what extent, these smart and strong vegetarian females serve as a challenge to the hegemony of carnism, an ideology that psychologist Melanie Joy (2010) says normalizes the practice of using and consuming certain …

Social Media As Information Source: Recency Of Updates And Credibility Of Information, David Westerman, Patric R. Spence, Brandon Van Der Heide

Patric R. Spence

Schistosomiasis Prevalence In Zomba, Southern Malawi, Stanley Mubako

Stanley Mubako

No abstract provided.

Statement, James A. Kitts

James Kitts

No abstract provided.

Seeing Confucian ‘Active Moral Perception’ In Light Of Contemporary Psychology, Stephen C. Angle

Stephen C. Angle