Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Methiocarb, A Chemical Bird Repellent: A Review Of Its Effectiveness On Crops, Joseph L. Guarino

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Since 1964, when the effectiveness of methiocarb for preventing pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) from damaging sprouting corn was proven in South Dakota, an aggressive program has been carried out by personnel of the Denver Wildlife Research Center and many cooperators to develop methiocarb as a broad spectrum avian repellent. The successful use of methiocarb for preventing damage caused by several species of birds to sprouting corn in several states and to sprouting soybeans in South America is reviewed. Recent results obtained from spraying methiocarb on ripening rice in California, ripening sorghum in Colorado and Oklahoma, cherries in Michigan, and grapes in …

Some Approaches To Controlling Depredations By Crows And Jays In Tulare County, George Simpson

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

In 1966 Tulare County nut growers became keenly aware of an ever increasing problem to their industry--the common crow. Growers requested help in solving this problem. The Tulare County Agricultural Commissioner's Office undertook this program with the assistance of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California State Department of Agriculture. Growers in the county estimated losses to be anywhere from 6% to 18% of their nut crops. Monetary losses to almond growers have reached estimates of over $85,000 during one season. Walnut growers have reported observing crows carrying off nuts day after day, amounting to hundreds of pounds …

Bird Damage To Peanuts And Methods For Alleviating The Problem, Donald F. Mott, Jerome F. Besser, Richard R. West, John W. Degrazio

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Investigations from 1969 through 1971 of bird damage to peanuts in south-central Oklahoma have shown that losses are caused mainly by common grackles (Quiscalus quiscula). These losses, as high as $36 per acre, have been reduced primarily through the use of exploders and early harvesting of the crop. A fright-producing chemical, 4-aminopyridine, was also effective in scaring grackles from windrowed peanut fields. Banding has shown that many of these grackles breed in western Nebraska and Kansas and winter in northeastern Texas.

Factors Relating To Alarm Stimuli In Bird Control, Gordon W. Boudreau

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

I'm sure all of you have often heard of bird control methods which were successful in one place and failures elsewhere. Perhaps you have experienced these results yourself. Quite often, bird control apparatus or concepts are condemned as failures when actually other factors are responsible. Today, I shall explain some of the reasons these discrepancies occur. My observations, over a period of 15 years, reveal that birds' responses to alarm stimuli varies with environmental conditions, clocktime, physiological requirements, social structure, species, and other factors. All of the observations reported herein were made under natural conditions while researching methods to reduce …

Starling Control In Sonoma County, Harry F. Mccracken

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

The European Starling, Sturnus vulgaris, began the invasion of California from the north and east as early as the late 1930's. In the winter of 1954, 20,000 of these birds were reported spending the winter in or near the Sonoma, Mendocino Coast. Then in 1961, Walter Ball, at that time the Chief of the Bureau of Rodent and Weed Control in Sacramento, in a talk to the Agricultural Commissioners at the Spring Convention, stated Starlings had been reported from nearly every section of California. In reviewing Walter Ball's paper given at that time, it is somewhat surprising how accurately the …

Avian Thermoregulation And Its Significance In Starling Control, Robert G. Schwab, Vincent F. Schafer

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

The ability of birds and mammals to maintain a relatively stable internal body temperature while under a considerable range of ambient environmental temperatures results in distinct ecological and physiological advantages. A constant body temperature facili-tates the activity of homeothermic (warm-blooded) animals in cold environments because the many temperature-dependent physiological and biochemical processes of the body are un-impeded. Conversely, poikilothermic (cold-blooded) animals lack the ability for precise thermoregulation and can function at top physiological efficiency only when ambient environmental temperatures are within a rather narrow optimum range. Homeothermia is accomplished by a system of physiological feed-back mechanisms which maintain a thermal …

Efficacy Testing Of Vertebrate Pest Control Agents, Paul Ochs

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Justification for efficacy testing is provided under the present FIFRA, and the PR notice 70-15 requirements. In addition, the Pure Food and Drug Laws, the Delaney Amend-ment and other laws effect the requirements of registration of all economic poisons. Basic preliminary registration information such as toxicological data, chemistry data, must be provided on all chemicals proposed as economic poisons. Once the basic chemical and toxi-cological properties have been determined, the applicant must consider basic efficacy requirements. Efficacy requirements should consider the effects of particle size and shape, taste and odor, impurities, diluents, stickers and solvents, volatility, mode of action, and …

The Problem Of Anticoagulant Rodenticide Resistance In The United States, William B. Jackson, Dale E. Kaukeinen

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Resistance of commensal rodents to anticoagulant rodenticides is not a new phenomenon. Its confirmed presence in several areas of northern Europe is wel1-documented (Jackson 1969, 1972; Bentley 1969; Lund 1969). Not until 1971 was a similar situation with the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) to be demonstrated in the United States (Jackson et al. 1971). Because it represents an initial occurrence, the site and background observations will be described in some detail. The rural area involved around Cleveland School in Johnson County is 25 miles SE of Raleigh, N. C. and about five miles in diameter (fig. 1). The typical farm …

House Mouse Behavior And Its Significance To Control, W. D. Klimstra

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

It seems explicitly evident that animal control practices must now, and especially in the future, emphasize fuller appreciation of the habits of each kind of animal. Further, this will require consideration be given to behavioral aspects as expressed by a population as a whole of a given species, as well as each individual animal within that population. Animals react with one another and with all characteristics of their environment; and, this in turn results in an identifiable reaction or behavior of each population as a unit of social organization. Although within broad limits some aspects of these responses, whether individual …

The Influence Of Attractants And Repellents On The Feeding Behaviour Of Rattus Norvegicus, J. O. Bull

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Poison baits are extensively used for commensal rodent control; considerable folk lore exists regarding the use of additives to induce rodents to come to and eat poison baits. This paper describes a rational evaluation of attractants and the influence of different odours in inducing Rattus norvegicus to feed at given locations. The influence of certain repellents was also examined. Tests consisted of attempts to induce rats to feed at non-preferred sites or to repel them from preferred sites. Place preference was the dominant factor in feeding by rats, and odours failed to influence feeding activity significantly.

An Innovation In Roof Rat Control, Donald R. Brothers

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Within the past ten years, the roof rat (Rattus rattus) problem in residential Santa Clara County has developed from an insignificant nuisance to one of major concern. When a considerable number of complaints to the Santa Clara County Health Department reported roof rats on telephone cables, a study was made of 29 city blocks to determine the feasibility of utility pole baiting as a means of roof rat control. In the baiting process, rat signs were commonly observed on telephone equipment attached to the utility poles. A correlation was observed between bait consumption and the close proximity of vegetation to …

Rat Reduction With Indigenous Methods, P. J. Deoras

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 5th (1972)

Mujumdar (1968) has recorded that there are 566,000 villages in India as compared to 2699 towns, and that there is 322,460,000 acres of cultivable land and probably 500 million domestic rats in India. The food production target in 1968 in India was to be 110 million tons. National rodent committee 1967 mentioned of a loss of one million ton of food grains by rats alone. Deoras (1968) has mentioned that 3 common rats in Bombay were consuming 26 gm. of food grains per day, that is, about one ounce, while the quantum of cereal rations available per man in some …

Carbon And Nitrogen As Regulators Of Algal Growth In Treated Sewage, Edward G. Foree, Charles Reece Scroggin

KWRRI Research Reports

Continuous flow algal cultures were grown under three different growth conditions using secondary sewage treatment plant effluent as the growth medium. The only variable within each run was the hydraulic residence time. The concentrations of growth regulating nutrients were varied between the runs so comparisons of the algal mass, composition, nutrient uptake, and genera could be made. The importance of CO₂ availability for algal growth was also studied. A kinetic theory which based algal growth on cellular nutrient concentration was verified. The second phase of the study was a batch culture study in which the same growth medium was …

A Perspective On Economic Impact, L. Douglas James, Donald M. Soule, William O. Thompson, John L. Fulmer, John C. Redman, Robert C. Tussey, John M. Higgins, Claude M. Vaughan, David H. Rosenbaum, Billy R. Prebble, Charles O. Dowell, John E. Sirles, Michael B. Hargrove, Clyde T. Bates, Kenneth G. Holbrook, Dennis H. Bianchi, John P. Breaden, Kenneth R. Harman

KWRRI Research Reports

The institutions responsible for water resources management in the United States have originated as political responses to major social issues. Each agency institutionalized a procedure for structuring and comparing alternatives in the formulation of its total program. Each agency originally sought to promote effective resolution of its social issue (flood control, development of arid lands, soil erosion, etc.), but more recent efforts have sought better coordination among agency practices through a common procedure largely derived from economic theory. Any procedure, however, varies in application with the interpretation and judgment of individual planners. Today, public pressures have brought political directives requiring …

The Ias Bulletin, V6n2, March 1972, Iowa Academy Of Science

IAS Bulletin

In this issue:

--- Officers, Directors, and Section Chairmen, 1971-72
--- 84th Session Program Complete
--- Proceedings Will Not Be Forwarded
--- Third Issue of Quarterly Proceedings Ready in April
--- Note from an "Oldtimer"
--- AAAS Research Grant Funds Available
--- To Count Our Blessings
--- AAAS Board Adopts New Statement of Goals
--- Status of AAAS Governance Changes
--- Registration Form
--- Invitation from the Midwest Benthological Society
--- ISU Announces Sigma XI and Bessey Lectures
--- Call for Papers
--- Membership Facts

Spectral Studies Of Hydrogen Bonding In Alcohols, Linda Moree Higgins Collins

Masters Theses

The phenomenon of hydrogen bonding in alcohols has been known since the early 1900's. Using three series of alcohols, benzyl alcohols, norbornanols and substituted naphthalene alcohols, it was hoped that some meaningful data could be presented to help clarify and expand some of the theories on alcohol association. The techniques to be utilized were ir and nmr spectroscopies.

The synthetic route for those compounds that were not available as alcohols involved reduction of the corresponding acids to alcohols by use of lithium aluminum hydride. The strengths of the various types of hydrogen bonds, intramolecular and intermolecular, were detected by nmr …

Potential-Barrier Effects In Photoabsorption. I. General Theory, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

This paper combines parts of the theories of spectroscopy, collisions, and autoionization to provide a unified framework for a quantitative theory of experimental data on 4d-shell photoabsorption in rare earths. The calculations by atomic theory are intended for tentative application to solids. The theory should also apply to 3p-shell photoabsorption in the transition metals and to other cases where the effect of a potential barrier is crucial. A prescription is given for the ab initio numerical calculation of total and partial photoabsorption cross sections, as well as of the profiles, energies, and widths of resonances. A …

Potential-Barrier Effects In Photoabsorption. Iii. Application To 4D-Shell Photoabsorption In Lanthanum, J.L. Dehmer, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

An exploratory calculation of the photoabsorption cross section near the 4d ionization threshold of lanthanum metal is carried out. The level structure of the configuration 4d⁹4f is found to be altered by interaction with the continuum configuration 4d⁹εf. The Fano profile of the resonance above threshold is calculated, as are the oscillator strengths of the discrete states below threshold. Our results provide the ground work for more detailed calculations.

Software Simulation Of The D17b Computer, Bruce Chatterton

Theses and Dissertations

A software program has been written which simulates the functions of the Minuteman D17B computer at the register transfer level. The simulation program is written in the FORTRAN Extended language to be used on the Intercom System (teletype) of a CDC 6600 computer system. The simulation program consists of a main program and eight subroutines. A programming language for the D17B simulation was formed which contains numbers and load codes, switches, and miscellaneous commands. Example programs run on the simulated computer have been included to show the types of output available.

Data Report: Operation York River, 1969, P. V. Hyer, E. P. Ruzecki, C. S. Fang

Reports

A field survey was carried out in October 1969 to gather field data from the Mattaponi, Pamunkey and York rivers in order to construct mathematical models for salinity and dissolved oxygen. The results of the field operation are presented, together with a description of the methods and instruments used in the data collection and analysis.

Availability And Use Of Water In Nebraska, 1970, F. Butler Shaffer

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

Contributions To Measure Theory., Merepalli Bhaskara Rao Dr.

Doctoral Theses

This thesis 1s devoted to a study of measures vith emplas sis on nonatonie nea sures. Me briefrly desoribe here the work carried out in various chapters. In Chapter 1, we study various aspects of nonatomic nea sures based on some characterisations obtained early in the Chapter. In Chapter 2, the problem - when a mixture of nonatoftic mea sures is nonatomic - is exanined. An example and rive sufficient conditions are given. In Chapter 3, we examine when a mixture of 1nvariant non-ergorlie mesures is non-ergodic. An example and three sufficient eonditions are given. In Chapter 4, we study …

Huxley Humus, 1972, Volume 02, Issue 04, Shirley Weston, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

Historical Collection of Huxley Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Some Contribution To The Theory Applications And Computations Of Generalized Inverses Of Matrices., Pochiraju Bhimasankaram Dr.

Doctoral Theses

The origin of the concept of a generalized inverse dates back to as early as 1920 when Moore defined the generalized inverse of matrix which is equivalent toDefinition 1 (Moore) : Let A be a m >< n matrix over the field of complex numbers. Then a is the generalized Inverse of A if AG is the orthogonal projection operator projecting arbitrary vectors onto the column space of A and GA is the orthogonal projection operator projecting arbitrary sectors onto, the column space of G.Mod re (1935) discussed this concept and its properties in some detail. Tsong (1949a, 1949b, 1956) discussed about generalized 1nverses of operators in more general spaces and Bjerhammer (1951) discussed the generalized inverse of a matrix in connection with an application to geodetic calculations. Unaware of the work of Hoore and others, Penrose (1955) defined a generalized inverse of a matrix as follows :Definition 2 (Penrosel) : Let A be a m *n -matrix over the field of complex numbers. Then G is a generalized inverse of a if (i) AFA= A; (ii) GAG=G; (iii) (AG)*=AG and (iv) (GA)*-GA.Penrose (1955,1956) showed that for every matrix there exists a unique generalized inverse, discussed several of its important properties, gave applications to solution of matrix equations and suggested a practical method of computation of the generalised inverse.As was pointed out by Rado (1956) Moo res definition of generalized inverse is equivalent to that of Penrose, Such generalized inverse is called the Moore-Penrose inverse and A is used to denote the Moore-Penrose inverse of A.Rao (1955), unaware of the earlier or contemporary Work, constructed a pseudo-inverse of a matrix which he used in some least squares computations, In a paper in 1962, he defined a generalized inverse (g-inverse) as follows, proved some interesting properties and gave applications of g-inverses to Mathomatical Statistics.Definition 3 (Rao) : Lot A be am x n matrix, Then a n >< m matrix. Then a n >< m matrix G is a g-inverse of A if x = Gy is a solution of the linear system Ax = y whenever it is consistent.A g-inverse if u matrix (in the sense of Rao) is in general not unique, As 1s easily observed (from definitions 2 and 4) the class of all g-inverses of a matrix A contains A*. Rạo (1965, 1967) developed a calculus of g-inverses, classified the g-inverses according to their use and according to the proporties they possess similar to those of the inverse of a nonsingular matrix and suggested further applications to Mathematical Statistics. Mitra (1968a, 1968b) gave an equivalem definition of a g-inverse, developed further calculus of z-inverses, used g-invorses to solve some matrix equations of interest and explored the possibilities of some new classes of g-inverses with applications. In a series of papers, and a monograph Mitra and Rao (1968, 1970) pursued the research on generalized inverses of matrix's and their applications to various scientific disciplines.

Huxley Humus, 1972, Volume 02, Issue 02, Shirley Weston, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

Historical Collection of Huxley Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Elastic Scattering Of Low-Energy Electrons At 180° In Co2, Paul Burrow, L. Sanche

Paul Burrow Publications

A technique is described for the study of electrons which are elastically scattered from a gas target into a small solid angle centered at 180° with respect to the direction of the incident electron beam. The method is applied to electron scattering from CO₂. Information is obtained concerning the nature of the compound state in the 4-eV region.

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 2, February 1972

Water Current Newsletter

Dr. William Garner of EPA Presents Seminar
Nixon Wants to Control Wastes Put Into Earth
Global Circulation Study
Maine Center Renamed
Power Plant Siting Controversary
New Water Game
Clean Water
1973 USGS Budget Focuses on Earth Science Data
New Reports from the National Water Commission
Maine Researcher Devises System for Rating Pollution-Eutrophication Potential of Lakes
Remote Sensing Pamphlet Available
Proposed Revisions to Guidelines on Environmental Impact Statements
Research and Development Sources Sought
Return of Wastes to the Land
Cloud Seeding to be Pushed Harder Under 73 Budget
Holified Warns Californians on Ballot Proposal
73 Budget Cost for Environment Still Climbs

Mathematical Foundations For Structured Programming, Harlan D. Mills

The Harlan D. Mills Collection

No abstract provided.

Terminal Talk - The Wofford Connection - February 1972, Wofford College Computer Center

Terminal Talk

No abstract provided.

Some Results On The Best Match Problem, Luther D. Rudolph, Kishan Mehrotra, Ralph J. Longobardi

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science - Technical Reports

The "best-match problem" is concerned with the complexity of finding the best match between a randomly chosen query word and the members of a randomly chosen set of data words. Of principal interest is whether it is possible to significantly reduce the search time required, as compared to exhaustive comparison, by use of memory redundancy (file structure). Minskv and Papert conjecture that "the speed-up values of large memory redundancies is very small, and for large data sets with long word lengths there are no practical alternatives to large searches that inspect large parts of memory". For this report we present …