Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Postglacial Inflation-Deflation Cycles, Tilting, And Faulting In The Yellowstone Caldera Based On Yellowstone Lake Shorelines, Kenneth L. Pierce, Kenneth P. Cannon, Grant A. Meyer, Matthew J. Trebesch, Raymond D. Watts

United States Geological Survey: Publications

The Yellowstone caldera, like many other late Quaternary calderas of the world, exhibits dramatic unrest. Between 1923 and 1985, the center of the Yellowstone caldera rose nearly 1 m along an axis between its two resurgent domes (Pelton and Smith, 1979; Dzurisin and Yamashita, 1987). From 1985 until 1995–1996, the caldera subsided at about 2 cm/yr (Dzurisin and others, 1990). More recent radar-interferometry studies show renewed inflation of the northeastern resurgent dome between 1995 and 1996; this inflation migrated to the southwestern resurgent dome from 1996 to 1997 (Wicks and others, 1998).

We extend this record back in time using …

Investigations Of The Effects Of Synthetic Chemicals On The Endocrine System Of Common Carp In Lake Mead, Nevada And Arizona, Michael R. Rosen, Steven L. Goodbred, Reynaldo Patiño, Thomas J. Leiker, Erik Orsak

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Lake Mead is the largest reservoir by volume in the United States and was created by the construction of the 221-meter high Hoover Dam in 1935 at Black Canyon on the lower Colorado River between Nevada and Arizona (fig. 1). Inflows of water into the lake include three rivers, Colorado, Virgin, and Muddy; as well as Las Vegas Wash, which is now perennial because of discharges from municipal wastewater treatment plants (Covay and Leiker, 1998) and urban stormwater runoff. As the population within the Las Vegas Valley began to increase in the 1940s, the treated effluent volume also has increased …

The Floor Of Yellowstone Lake Is Anything But Quiet—New Discoveries From High-Resolution Sonar Imaging, Seismic- Reflection Profiling, And Submersible Studies, Lisa A. Morgan, Wayne C. Shanks Iii, Kenneth L. Pierce, David A. Lovalvo, Gregory K. Lee, Michael W. Webring, William J. Stephenson, Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen S. Harlan, Boris Schulze, Carol A. Finn

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Discoveries from multibeam sonar mapping and seis-mic-reflection surveys of Yellowstone Lake provide new insight into the recent geologic forces that have shaped a large lake at the active front of the Yellowstone hot spot, a region strongly affected by young (<2 >m.y.), large-volume (>100–1,000s km3) silicic volcanism, active tectonism, and accompanying uplift.

Specifically, our mapping has identified the extent of postcaldera-collapse volcanism and active hydrothermal processes occurring above a large magma chamber beneath the lake floor. Multiple advances and recessions of thick glacial ice have overlapped volcanic and hydrothermal activity leaving a lake basin that has been shaped predominantly …

The Yellowstone Hotspot, Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, And Human Geography, Kenneth L. Pierce, Don G. Despain, Lisa A. Morgan, John M. Good

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Active geologic processes associated with the Yellowstone hotspot are fundamental in shaping the landscapes of the greater Yellowstone ecosystem (GYE), a high volcanic plateau flanked by a crescent of still higher mountainous terrain. The processes associated with the Yellowstone hotspot are volcanism, faulting, and uplift and are observed in the geology at the surface. We attribute the driving forces responsible for the northeastward progression of these processes to a thermal plume rising through the Earth’s mantle into the base of the southwest-moving North American plate. This progression began 16 million years ago (Ma) near the Nevada-Oregon border and arrived at …

Applications Of Trace-Element And Stable-Isotope Geochemistry To Wildlife Issues, Yellowstone National Park And Vicinity, Maurice A. Chaffee, Wayne C. Shanks Iii, Robert O. Rye, Charles C. Shwartz, Monique G. Adams, Robert R. Carlson, James G. Crock, Pamela A. Gemery-Hill, Kerry A. Gunther, Cynthia L. Kester, Harley D. King, Shannon R. Podruzny

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Reconnaissance investigations have been conducted to identify how geochemical techniques can be applied to biological studies to assist wildlife management in and near Yellowstone National Park (the Park). Many elements (for example, As, B, Be, Ce, Cl, Cs, F, Hg, K, Li, Mo, Rb, S, Sb, Si, and W) are commonly enriched in (1) thermal waters in the Yellowstone area, (2) rocks altered by these waters, (3) sinter and travertine deposits, and (4) soils and stream sediments derived from these rocks. Some of these elements, such as As, F, Hg, and Mo, may be toxic to wildlife and could be …

The Question Of Recharge To The Deep Thermal Reservoir Underlying The Geysers And Hot Springs Of Yellowstone National Park, Robert O. Rye, Alfred H. Truesdell

United States Geological Survey: Publications

The extraordinary number, size, and unspoiled beauty of the geysers and hot springs of Yellowstone National Park (the Park) make them a national treasure. The hydrology of these special features and their relation to cold waters of the Yellowstone area are poorly known. In the absence of deep drill holes, such information is available only indirectly from isotope studies. The δD-δ¹⁸O values of precipitation and cold surface-water and ground-water samples are close to the global meteoric water line (Craig, 1961). δD values of monthly samples of rain and snow collected from 1978 to 1981 at two stations in …

Geochemistry Of Sublacustrine Hydrothermal Deposits In Yellowstone Lake—Hydrothermal Reactions, Stable-Isotope Systematics, Sinter Deposition, And Spire Formation, Wayne C. Shanks Iii, Jeffrey C. Alt, Lisa A. Morgan

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Geochemical and mineralogical studies of hydrothermal deposits and altered vent muds from the floor of Yellowstone Lake indicate that these features form due to hydrothermal fluid quenching in shallow flow conduits or upon egress into bottom waters. Siliceous precipitates occur as conduits within the uppermost sediments, as tabular deposits that form along sedimentary layers, and as spires as much as 8 m tall that grow upward from crater-like depressions on the lake bottom. These deposits are enriched in As, Cs, Hg, Mo, Sb, Tl, and W.

Variations in major-element geochemistry indicate that subaerial sinters from West Thumb and spire interiors …

The Life Cycle Of Gold Deposits Near The Northeast Corner Of Yellowstone National Park—Geology, Mining History, And Fate, Bradley S. Van Gosen

United States Geological Survey: Publications

Henderson Mountain, near Cooke City, Mont., about 4.5 mi northeast of the northeast entrance to Yellowstone National Park (the Park), hosts identified resources of at least 2.3 million ounces of gold, 8.9 million ounces of silver, and 130 million pounds of copper. The mineral deposits formed by selective replacement of calcareous blocks and clasts in a complex breccia pipe (the Homestake deposit), and concurrent skarn development replaced limestone adjacent to the breccia pipe (the Miller Creek deposit). The breccia pipe and mineral deposits formed in the middle Eocene during intrusion of the dacitic Homestake stock.

The geologic history of the …

Concentrations Of Metals In Aquatic Invertebrates From The Ozark National Scenic Riverways, Missouri, Christopher J. Schmitt, William G. Brumbaugh, John M. Besser, Thomas W. May

United States Geological Survey: Publications

This report summarizes the findings of a study conducted as a pilot for part of a park-wide monitoring program being developed for the Ozark National Scenic Riverways (ONSR) of southeastern Missouri. The objective was to evaluate using crayfish (Orconectes spp.) and Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) for monitoring concentrations of metals associated with lead-zinc mining. Lead-zinc mining presently (2007) occurs near the ONSR and additional mining has been proposed. Three composite samples of each type (crayfish and Asian clam), each comprising ten animals of approximately the same size, were collected during late summer and early fall of 2005 …

Estimating The Number Of Whales Entering Trade Using Dna Profiling And Capture-Recapture Analysis Of Market Products, C. Scott Baker, Justin G. Cooke, Shane Lavery, Merel L. Dalebout, Robert L. Brownell Jr., Yong-Un Ma, Naoko Funahashi, Colm Carraher

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Surveys of commercial markets combined with molecular taxonomy (i.e. molecular monitoring) provide a means to detect products from illegal, unregulated and/or unreported (IUU) exploitation, including the sale of fisheries bycatch and wild meat (bushmeat). Capture-recapture analyses of market products using DNA profiling have the potential to estimate the total number of individuals entering the market. However, these analyses are not directly analogous to those of living individuals because a ‘market individual’ does not die suddenly but, instead, remains available for a time in decreasing quantities, rather like the exponential decay of a radioactive isotope. Here we use mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) …

Past And Present Distribution, Densities And Movements Of Blue Whales Balaenoptera Musculus In The Southern Hemisphere And Northern Indian Ocean, T. A. Branch, K. M. Stafford, D. M. Palacios, C. Allison, J. L. Bannister, C. L. K. Burton, E. Cabrera, C. A. Carlson, B. Galletti Vernazzani, P. C. Gill, R. Hucke-Gaete, K. C. S. Jenner, M.-N. M. Jenner, K. Matsuoka, Y. A. Mikhalev, T. Miyashita, M. G. Morrice, S. Nishiwaki, V. J. Sturrock, D. Tormosov, R. C. Anderson, A. N. Baker, P. B. Best, P. Borsa, R. L. Brownell Jr., S. Childerhouse, K. P. Findlay, T. Gerrodette, A. D. Ilangakoon, M. Joergensen, B. Kahn, D. K. Ljungblad, B. Maughan, R. D. Mccauley, S. Mckay, T. F. Norris, Oman Whale, Dolphin Research Group, R. M. Warneke, S. Rankin, F. Samaran, D. Thiele, K. Van Waerebeek

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

1. Blue whale locations in the Southern Hemisphere and northern Indian Ocean were obtained from catches (303 239), sightings (4383 records of ≥ 8058 whales), strandings (103), Discovery marks (2191) and recoveries (95), and acoustic recordings.

2. Sighting surveys included 7 480 450 km of effort plus 14 676 days with unmeasured effort. Groups usually consisted of solitary whales (65.2%) or pairs (24.6%); larger feeding aggregations of unassociated individuals were only rarely observed. Sighting rates (groups per 1000 km from many platform types) varied by four orders of magnitude and were lowest in the waters of Brazil, South Africa, the …

Characterization Of Eight Microsatellite Loci In Steller Sea Lions (Eumetopias Jubatus), Ryan M. Huebinger, Edward E. Louis Jr., Thomas Gelatt, Lorrie D. Rea, John W. Bickham

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) are listed as an endangered species in western Alaska and have exhibited a significant population decline throughout their range. Eight microsatellite loci were isolated from genomic DNA libraries. In addition, all these markers were found to be variable in nine individuals of the California sea lion (Zalophus californicus). This panel of markers was developed to analyze population structure in Steller sea lions throughout their range.

Fundulus As The Premier Teleost Model In Environmental Biology: Opportunities For New Insights Using Genomics, Karen G. Burnett, Lisa J. Bain, William S. Baldwin, Gloria V. Callard, Sarah Cohen, Richard T. Di Giulio, David H. Evans, Marta Gómez-Chiarri, Mark E. Hahn, Cindi A. Hoover, Sibel I. Karchner, Fumi Katoh, Deborah L. Maclatchy, William S. Marshall, Joel N. Meyer, Diane E. Nacci, Marjorie F. Oleksiak, Bernard B. Rees, Thomas D. Singer, John J. Stegeman, David W. Towle, Peter A. Van Veld, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Andrew Whitehead, Richard N. Winn, Douglas L. Crawford

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

A strong foundation of basic and applied research documents that the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus and related species are unique laboratory and field models for understanding how individuals and populations interact with their environment. In this paper we summarize an extensive body of work examining the adaptive responses of Fundulus species to environmental conditions, and describe how this research has contributed importantly to our understanding of physiology, gene regulation, toxicology, and ecological and evolutionary genetics of teleosts and other vertebrates. These explorations have reached a critical juncture at which advancement is hindered by the lack of genomic resources for these …

Avian Use Of Rural Roadsides With Cattail (Typha Spp.), Bryan Safratowich, George M. Linz, William H. Bleier, H. Jeffrey Homan

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We surveyed 30 roadsides in North Dakota’s Prairie Pothole Region for birds and active nests between May and July 2001–2002. Each roadside transect was 1608 m and had ≥200 linear meters of standing cattail (Typha spp.). We recorded 45 bird species; four species of Icteridae dominated the avifauna. Red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) were both the most abundant species and most abundant nester, averaging 53 birds/10 ha (SE = 7.7) and 30 nests/10 ha (SE = 9.7). Among non-icterid species, song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) and common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas) ranked first and second consecutively …

Wmi Outdoor News Bulletin * January 2007, Volume 61, No. 1

Wildlife Management Institute Outdoor News Bulletin

Contents:

• Aquatic Nuisance Species and Predator-Prey workshops at North American Conference

• Ruffed grouse have a plan

• Cellulose may soon take the starch out of ethanol

• Proposal for year-round drilling on critical big game range gains momentum and contention

• Reports of National Bison Range agreement demise prove to be greatly exaggerated

• 76th (2011) North American Conference slated

• Moguls may preempt habitat for threatened lynx

• WMI launches new Website

• Worth reading: The Golden Spruce

Gray Wolf (Canis Lupus)

Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery: Annual Reports

Second only to humans in adapting to climate extremes, gray wolves once ranged from coast to coast and from Alaska to Mexico in North America. They were absent from the East and the Southeast, which were occupied by red wolves (Canis rufus), and from the large deserts in the southwestern States. By the early 20th century, government-sponsored predator control programs and declines in prey brought gray wolves to near extinction in the lower 48 States.

Wolf groups, or packs, typically include a breeding pair (the alpha pair), their offspring, and other non-breeding adults. Wolves are capable of mating …

Wolf Recovery In North America

Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery: Annual Reports

Before the arrival of European settlers, wolves ranged widely across the continent, from coast to coast and from Canada to Mexico. Two species are found in North America, the gray wolf, with its various subspecies, and the red wolf, found in the southeastern United States.

Wolves play an important role as predators in the ecosystems they inhabit. They feed primarily on large mammals, such as deer and elk, removing sick and injured animals from the populations. Wolves are highly social, living in packs and hunting and raising young cooperatively.

As the country was settled, native prey species declined and the …

The Potential For Biomass In Ireland., Sarah J. Corcoran

Theses

It is not an understatement to say that a global crisis is approaching and at an alarming pace. It is a widely accepted fact that within the next few years, a change is going to take place. The sources we currently rely on to power our economies are already in an alarmingly depleted state, there is a necessity to find a new source or sources of energy. In addition to this, the global consequences of our past actions on the environment are also coming to the front, with climate change and ozone depletion making international headlines on an almost daily …

Rate And Equilibrium Constants For Reactions Of Coordinated Cyclohexadienyl Cations, Martin Galvin

Doctoral

In this work, the nucleophilic reactions of ironcarbonyl coordinated cyclohexadienyl cations with water and hydroxide to produce the corresponding coordinated arene hydrate analogues was examined. These nucleophilic reactions are a key step in a synthetic route to convert arene cis-dihydrodiols to their trans-isomers via their tricarbonyliron coordinated complexes. The arene trans-dihydrodiols produced have significant potential to be used as chiral buildings blocks in synthetic chemistry and have the advantage that they are more stable then their cis-analogues The first cation studied was (п5-cyclohexadienyl)dicarbonyl-triphenylphosphineiron. An equilibrium constant, pKr, for formation of the coordinated arene hydrate (п4-exo-5-hydroxy-1,3-cyclohexadience)dicarbonyltriphenylphosphine-iron, from this coordinated cation was …

Proceedings Of The 4th Acl-Sigsem Workshop On Prepositions At Acl-2007., Fintan Costello, John D. Kelleher, Martin Volk

Conference papers

This volume contains the papers presented at the Fourth ACL-SIGSEM Workshop on Prepositions. This workshop is endorsed by the ACL Special Interest Group on Semantics (ACL-SIGSEM), and is hosted in conjunction with ACL 2007, taking place on 28th June, 2007 in Prague, the Czech Republic.

Review Of The Maya Tropical Forest: People, Parks, And Ancient Cities By James D. Nations, David Greenwalt

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

At the center of the historic and contemporary Maya homeland in Central America lies the largest tropical rain forest north of the Amazon, a hotspot of biodiversity and an archaeological treasure trove. Split between Belize, Guatemala, and Mexico, management and conservation of cultural and ecological resources in the Maya Tropical Forest are at a critical juncture. While scientists and conservationists seek to preserve the area for future generations, regional economic and population pressures drive people further into the forest. The establishment of several parks, protected areas, and reserves has led to significant progress toward the preservation of the area, but …

A Message From The Editors, The Editors

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

During the last fifty years, there have been rising concerns about human impacts on the environment: biodiversity loss, over-exploitation of species, habitat degradation, global warming, pollution, poverty, and the increasing gap in global development. The outcomes of these environmental problems and impacts on the human condition are uncertain. Previously, theoretical literature integrating environment and development issues had been scarce. However, in recent decades, new approaches in human dimensions research have emerged which seek to understand the major causes of change in the environment, and how these causes vary over time, across space, and between social groups and economic sectors. Environmental …

Merging Qualitative And Quantitative Data In Mixed Methods Research: How To And Why Not, David L. Driscoll, Afua Appiah-Yeboah, Philip Salib, Douglas J. Rupert

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

This study assesses the utility of mixed methods designs that integrate qualitative and quantitative data through a transformative process. Two strategies for collecting qualitative and quantitative datasets are described, and processes by which they can be merged are presented in detail. Some of the benefits of mixed methods designs are summarized and the shortcomings and challenges inherent in quantitizing qualitative data in mixed methods research are delineated.

Garifuna Land Rights And Ecotourism As Economic Development In Honduras’ Cayos Cochinos Marine Protected Area, Keri Vacanti Brondo, Laura Woods

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

Ecotourism has been embraced by a number of developing nations hoping to improve their economies in a way that is environmentally and socially responsible. The Afroindigenous Garifuna population located in the Cayos Cochinos, a Marine Protected Area (MPA), is undergoing a livelihood transition from fishing to ecotourism. This paper draws on ethnographic research conducted with Operation Wallacea (Opwall), a private scientific research expedition organization, to begin to explore the potential barriers to the promotion of ecotourism as an alternative livelihood strategy. The historical struggle for territorial control in the region is presented as having created distrust between the Garifuna communities …

Review Of After Collapse: The Regeneration Of Complex Societies By Glenn M. Schwartz And John J. Nichols, Kelly Orr

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

Studies of sociopolitical change in early complex societies tend to focus on the emergence, florescence, and collapse of state-level polities with minimal attention to post-collapse processes such as dissolution, reorganization, and regeneration. Most archaeologists recognize the inherent instability and cyclical nature of early complex societies, particularly since the publication of The Collapse of Ancient States and Civilizations edited by Yoffee and Cowgill (1988) and Collapse of Complex Societies by Tainter (1988). After Collapse: The Regeneration of Complex Societies follows up these publications by extending the study of sociopolitical change to include post-collapse processes. Schwartz and Nichols organize the volume into …

State Model Diagrams As A Pedagogical Tool - An International Evaluation, Stanislaw Maj, David Veal

Research outputs pre 2011

State model diagrams (SMDs) have been successfully used as the pedagogical foundation of network technology curriculum. SMDs selectively integrate relevant output from network devices by means of tables. SMDs are modular and hierarchical, thereby providing top-down decomposition by means of levelling, allowing a complex network to be partitioned or structured into independent units of an amenable size so that the entire system can be more easily understood. An overview of the entire network or increasing levels of detail may be obtained while maintaining links and interfaces between the different levels. Furthermore, SMDs allow technical detail to be introduced in an …

Do Current Erasure Programs Remove Evidence Of Bittorrent Activity?, Andrew Woodward, Craig Valli

Research outputs pre 2011

This research in progress aims to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial programs to erase traces of the use of BitTorrent software. The erasure programs MaxErase, P2PDoctor, Privacy Suite, Window Washer and R-Clean and Wipe were used on a machine that had used the BitTorrent client Azureus to download two torrent files. The drive was imaged and then searched for torrent files. The registry was also examined on the source machine. The program R-Clean and Wipe left evidence in both the registry and the image of the name and type of files that had been downloaded with this software. Of greater …

Network Engineering For C-Commerce Innovation: The Role Of Trust, Mark Brogan, Leisa Armstrong

Research outputs pre 2011

The idea that social networks play an important role in knowledge diffusion of innovation has a long pedigree in innovation theory. In his Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory, Rogers (1995) argued that in the information network of the organization, managerial champions and opinion leaders could affect both organizational acceptance and also the velocity of adoption of innovation. In Small to Medium Enterprise (SME) C-commerce innovation, the role of such social factors has been understood in terms of ‘embedded network structure’ (Braun, 2003) that impacts on clustering behavior. This article explores the use of quantitative Social Network Analysis (SNA) to model …

Information Governance: A Model For Security In Medical Practice, Patricia Williams

Research outputs pre 2011

Information governance is becoming an important aspect of organisational accountability. In consideration that information is an integral asset of most organisations, the protection of this asset will increasingly rely on organisational capabilities in security. In the medical arena this information is primarily sensitive patient-based information'. Previous research has shown that application of security measures is a low priority for primary care medical practice and that awareness of the risks are seriously underestimated. Consequently, information security governance will be a key issue for medical practice in the future. Information security governance is a relatively new term ,and there is little existing …

Promoting Undergraduate Research In Mathematics At The University Of Nebraska – Lincoln, Judy L. Walker, Glenn Ledder, Richard Rebarber, Gordon S. Woodward

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The Department of Mathematics at the University of Nebraska – Lincoln (UNL) has several programs which promote undergraduate research in a variety of ways. Two of these are summer programs which draw from a national applicant pool: The Nebraska REU in Applied Mathematics (Section 1) is a traditional NSF-funded REU site, and Nebraska IMMERSE (Section 2) offers a summer “bridge” program (with a research bent) for students about to start graduate school in mathematics. IMMERSE is a relatively new program, started in 2004 as part of the department’s Mentoring through Critical Transition Points (MCTP) grant from NSF. The MCTP grant …