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Articles 5911 - 5940 of 6763
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Ophisaurus Ventralis (Eastern Glass Lizard). Fire-Induced Mortality, Greg Kaufmann, Henry T. Smith, Richard M. Engeman, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Ernest M. Cowan
Ophisaurus Ventralis (Eastern Glass Lizard). Fire-Induced Mortality, Greg Kaufmann, Henry T. Smith, Richard M. Engeman, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Ernest M. Cowan
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Direct mortality to wildlife due to prescribed fire is of concern to land managers using fire as a management tool. The ability of individual animals to escape fire is critical to the long-term survival of species inhabiting fire-maintained systems. Many wildlife species in Florida are both adapted to and dependent upon periodic fire to maintain suitable habitat (Myers and Ewel 1990. Ecosystems of Florida. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando, Florida. 765 pp.). However, species not adapted to survive in pyrogenic landscapes might suffer directly from fire-induced mortality; consequently fire might be a limiting factor. Long-term fire exclusion in many …
Blackbird Use Of Wildlife Conservation Sunflower Plots, George M. Linz, Jonathan M. Raetzman, Heath M. Hagy, H. Jeffrey Homan, William J. Bleier
Blackbird Use Of Wildlife Conservation Sunflower Plots, George M. Linz, Jonathan M. Raetzman, Heath M. Hagy, H. Jeffrey Homan, William J. Bleier
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Blackbird (Icteridae) damage to ripening sunflower fields in North Dakota ranges from $5-10 million and has probably forced many growers to abandon this crop. From 2004 to 2006, USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Services cost-shared Wildlife Conservation Sunflower Plots (WCSP) with sunflower growers. The objective of the WCSP was to provide blackbirds an attractive nearby alternative food source to reduce damage in commercial fields. From 2004 through 2006, sunflower damage in the WCSP’s was 39%, 32%, and 60%, respectively. In comparison, damage in nearby commercial fields was 5%, 4%, and 18%, over those years. In 2006, drought in the region …
Are Sunflower Fields For The Birds?, Heath M. Hagy, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier
Are Sunflower Fields For The Birds?, Heath M. Hagy, George M. Linz, William J. Bleier
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The northern Great Plains are home to a variety of birds throughout the year, particularly during migration. Migratory species use native and restored grasslands, shelterbelts, and agricultural fields for food and shelter in North Dakota. Blackbirds (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) have been documented to cause economically important damage to some crops and thus, are sometimes the target of concerted harassment efforts. Few studies have assembled an inventory of nonblackbirds using small grain fields during the fall and spring in North Dakota that may be inadvertently affected by blackbird management. At least 94 nonblackbird species use crop fields in the spring …
Avian Influenza In Wild Birds: Environmental Sampling For The Rapid Detection Of Avian Influenza Viruses, Robert G. Mclean, Jeffrey S. Hall, Alan B. Franklin, Heather Sullivan, Kaci K. Vandalen, Susan A. Shriner, Matthew Farnsworth, Paul Oesterle, Ginger Young, Jenny Carlson, Kacy Cobble, Stacey Elmore, Ted Anderson, Sean Hauser, Kevin Bentler, Nicole Mooers, Kathryn P. Huyvaert, Tom Deliberto, Seth Swafford
Avian Influenza In Wild Birds: Environmental Sampling For The Rapid Detection Of Avian Influenza Viruses, Robert G. Mclean, Jeffrey S. Hall, Alan B. Franklin, Heather Sullivan, Kaci K. Vandalen, Susan A. Shriner, Matthew Farnsworth, Paul Oesterle, Ginger Young, Jenny Carlson, Kacy Cobble, Stacey Elmore, Ted Anderson, Sean Hauser, Kevin Bentler, Nicole Mooers, Kathryn P. Huyvaert, Tom Deliberto, Seth Swafford
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
All subtypes of influenza Type A viruses infect wild birds, especially waterfowl and shorebirds, but rarely cause disease or mortality in these aquatic species. Aquatic birds are the natural reservoirs for low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAI) that are distributed globally. However, some AI subtypes can be virulent in other animals and humans and some highly pathogenic AI viruses (HPAI) have caused major outbreaks in poultry and even pandemics in the human population. The emergence of a HPAI H5N1 subtype in southeast Asian poultry in 1997 subsequently involved migratory waterfowl in 2005 and has since spread westward throughout the Asian, …
Use Of Alpha-Chloralose By Usda Wildlife Services To Immobilize Birds, Jeanette R. O'Hare, John D. Eisemann, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Lawanna L. Koch, Thomas W. Seamans
Use Of Alpha-Chloralose By Usda Wildlife Services To Immobilize Birds, Jeanette R. O'Hare, John D. Eisemann, Kathleen A. Fagerstone, Lawanna L. Koch, Thomas W. Seamans
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
In 1992, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) opened an Investigational New Animal Drug (INAD) file for the avian immobilizing agent, alpha-chloralose (AC) for the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). Currently, this INAD authorizes trained Wildlife Services (WS) personnel to use AC to immobilize and live-capture nuisance waterfowl (Anatidae spp.), American coots (Fulica americana), pigeons (Columba livia), common ravens (Corvus corax) and sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis). The use of AC has proven to be a valuable tool for WS and the number …
Overview Of The First Use Of Gps 1991/Gis 1992 During A Wyoming Skunk Rabies Epizootic, Craig A. Ramey, Kenneth H. Mills, Marshall Robin
Overview Of The First Use Of Gps 1991/Gis 1992 During A Wyoming Skunk Rabies Epizootic, Craig A. Ramey, Kenneth H. Mills, Marshall Robin
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) are one of the most important reservoirs of wildlife rabies on the Great Plains of North America. During a skunk rabies epizootic in a previously rabies-free area of northwestern Wyoming, we studied the spread of rabies from the index case occurring in 1988 until the Shoshone River epizootic ended in 1993. All specimens were sent to the Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory for Fluorescent Antibody Testing for rabies. The goal of federal, state, county, and local agencies was to address the public's fear about the health and safety of humans and animals. Following several rabid …
Chlorophacinone Baiting For Belding’S Ground Squirrels, Craig A. Ramey, George H. Matschke, Richard M. Engeman
Chlorophacinone Baiting For Belding’S Ground Squirrels, Craig A. Ramey, George H. Matschke, Richard M. Engeman
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
The efficacy of using 0.01% chlorophacinone on steam-rolled oat (SRO) groats applied in CA alfalfa by spot-baiting/hand baiting around burrow entrances (~11.5 g) to control free-ranging Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi) were compared in 6 randomly assigned square treatment units (TUs). Four TUs were given the rodenticide and 2 treated with placebo bait. Each TU was a 0.4 ha square surrounded by a similarly treated 5.5 ha square buffer zone. Baits were applied on May 13 and re-applied, on May 20 and May 22, after 7 days of un-forecasted cool wet weather greatly reduced their above ground activity. …
A Broad Perspective On Current And Future Research On Urban Coyotes, John A. Shivik, Kathleen Fagerstone
A Broad Perspective On Current And Future Research On Urban Coyotes, John A. Shivik, Kathleen Fagerstone
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
A change in wildlife management appears to be occurring. Previous efforts needed to be focused on producing more game species or endangered animals; now, however, tools and training must resolve issues of overabundance and conflict with predators, especially species such as coyotes (Canis latrans) in urban areas. Urban conflicts with coyotes may be growing because of urban development of land and human intrusion, but alteration of habitats that attract coyotes is also a likely factor. Research that will describe basic coyote biology in urban areas will be needed, but managers will also need applied research and development of …
Modeling Costs Of Using Ovocontrol G For Managing Nuisance Canada Goose (Branta Canadensis) Populations, Joe N. Caudell, Stephanie A. Shwiff
Modeling Costs Of Using Ovocontrol G For Managing Nuisance Canada Goose (Branta Canadensis) Populations, Joe N. Caudell, Stephanie A. Shwiff
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
OvoControl G is a relatively new product that reduces the hatchability of Canada goose (Branta canadensis) eggs. However, little data is available on the cost of application. We present a model for estimating the cost of application of OvoControl G for managing nuisance Canada goose populations. We found that at low goose densities, fixed labor costs are responsible for a significant portion of the cost. As goose densities increase, these fixed costs become equivalent to, and eventually less than, the costs associated with the purchase of the product. We present several scenarios that managers may employ to further …
Wildlife Responses To Vegetation Height Management In Cool-Season Grasslands, Brian E. Washburn, Thomas W. Seamans
Wildlife Responses To Vegetation Height Management In Cool-Season Grasslands, Brian E. Washburn, Thomas W. Seamans
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Herbaceous vegetation comprises the main habitat type in cool-seasons grasslands and can be managed by various methods. We compared changes in plant communities and bird and mammal use of grasslands that were not managed, managed by mechanical methods (mowing), or managed by chemical methods (plant growth regulator). This 1-year study was conducted from May through October 2003 in Erie County, Ohio. Twelve circular 1.5 ha plots were established: 4 were not managed, 4 were mowed to maintain vegetation height between 9–15 cm, and 4 were sprayed with a plant growth regulator and mowed when vegetation exceeded 15 cm. We monitored …
Chromaflair® Crow Buster For Repelling Blackbirds And Crows, Scott J. Werner, Shelagh K. Tupper, John L. Cummings
Chromaflair® Crow Buster For Repelling Blackbirds And Crows, Scott J. Werner, Shelagh K. Tupper, John L. Cummings
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Nonlethal alternatives are needed to manage emerging and sustained conflicts between humans and several wild birds. We evaluated the ChromaFlair® “Crow Buster,” a device developed in Japan to repel Asian crows from garbage cans, fruit trees, and utility structures. The Crow Buster consists of a strip (1.5-3.5 cm wide) of stiff, shiny plastic cut into a spiral shape. The device is iridescent green-purple in color. We conducted 2 studies to determine the influence of the Crow Buster on the foraging distribution of red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) in captivity. For both bird …
Rodenticide Use In Rodent Management In The United States: An Overview, Gary W. Witmer, John D. Eisemann
Rodenticide Use In Rodent Management In The United States: An Overview, Gary W. Witmer, John D. Eisemann
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Rodents occur worldwide and have adapted to most types of ecosystems. Rodents provide many important ecosystem functions and while most rodent species do not cause serious damage problems, a small number of species do. Rodent-caused damage includes crop and stored food consumption and contamination, forestry and nursery damage, rangeland damage, ornamental plant damage, property damage, cable and irrigation pipe damage, disease transmission, and, when introduced to islands, damage and even extinction of native flora and fauna. Many tools are used to reduce rodent populations and damage. Rodenticides are an especially important tool in rodent management. Many types of active ingredients …
The Use Of Rodenticides For Conservation Efforts, Gary W. Witmer, John D. Eisemann, Gregg Howald
The Use Of Rodenticides For Conservation Efforts, Gary W. Witmer, John D. Eisemann, Gregg Howald
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Non-native rats (Rattus spp.) and mice have been introduced to more than 80% of the island groups around the world. They have caused ecosystem-wide impacts, including the extirpation and extinction of many native and endemic species which evolved in a mammalian predator-free environment. Fortunately, practitioners have developed techniques to eradicate introduced rodents, allowing ecosystems to recover. Rodenticides have proven an effective tool in eradications, having been used in over 300 successful eradications worldwide. Careful planning, adequate resources, and a sustained effort by competent field staff are needed to help ensure a successful eradication program. Island eradications are logistically complex …
Las Vegas: A Sustainable Urban Environment For Health?, Nancy Menzel
Las Vegas: A Sustainable Urban Environment For Health?, Nancy Menzel
Nevada Journal of Public Health
The rapid growth of Las Vegas has resulted in negative consequences for the health of its residents to a level that threatens the area’s sustainability. This article reviews key indicators of population health in Las Vegas through the framework of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Healthy People in Healthy Places and concludes that public health professionals, citizens, businesses, and political leaders must act now to protect and improve population health.
Blue Whale Visual And Acoustic Encounter Rates In The Southern California Bight, Erin M. Oleson, John Calambokidis, Jay Barlow, John A. Hildebrand
Blue Whale Visual And Acoustic Encounter Rates In The Southern California Bight, Erin M. Oleson, John Calambokidis, Jay Barlow, John A. Hildebrand
United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications
The relationship between blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) visual and acoustic encounter rates was quantitatively evaluated using hourly counts of detected whales during shipboard surveys off southern California. Encounter rates were estimated using temporal, geographic, and weather variables within a generalized additive model framework. Visual encounters (2.06 animals/h, CV = 0.10) varied with subregion, Julian day, time of day, and year. Acoustic encounters of whales producing pulsed A and tonal B call sequences (song; 0.65 animals/h, CV = 0.06) varied by Julian day, survey mode (transit or stationary), and subregion, and encounters of whales producing downswept (D) calls (0.41 …
Noaa's Climate Database Modernization Program: Rescuing, Archiving, And Digitizing History, Lesley-Ann Dupigny-Giroux, Thomas F. Ross, Joe D. Elms, Raymond Truesdell, Stephen R. Doty
Noaa's Climate Database Modernization Program: Rescuing, Archiving, And Digitizing History, Lesley-Ann Dupigny-Giroux, Thomas F. Ross, Joe D. Elms, Raymond Truesdell, Stephen R. Doty
United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications
Historic weather, climate, and ocean observations from as far back as the mid-1700s are being made easily available on the Internet for use in studying global climate variability and change and for helping to improve mitigation and response. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Database Modernization Program (CDMP) began in 2000 with a major emphasis on imaging and keying worldwide climate and environmental records from the eighteenth through the twentieth centuries. This multimillion dollar program is an ongoing effort to process data from the United States and elsewhere, improve its access, and maintain a permanent data archive. The …
The Impact Of Grey Literature In Advancing Global Karst Research: An Information Needs Assessment For A Globally Distributed Interdisciplinary Community, Todd A. Chavez, Anna H. Perrault, Pete Reehling, Courtney Crummett
The Impact Of Grey Literature In Advancing Global Karst Research: An Information Needs Assessment For A Globally Distributed Interdisciplinary Community, Todd A. Chavez, Anna H. Perrault, Pete Reehling, Courtney Crummett
Todd A. Chavez
A survey of the global karst community was conducted in 2006. The survey was distributed via the World Wide Web to known karst researchers. The instrument was designed to generate an initial inventory of core grey information types, to assess levels of usage of grey information by the respondents, and to gauge the karst community’s willingness to participate in building and expanding both this collection and the associated controlled vocabularies.
Creation Of A Web Site To Provide Technical Support And Training, Ricky Lee Hrdlicka
Creation Of A Web Site To Provide Technical Support And Training, Ricky Lee Hrdlicka
Theses Digitization Project
The project, presented in this paper, developed a web-based tool that provides training and technical support in the use of computers to employees at the San Bernardino Community College District. The purpose of this project was with the lack of one support system it has become necessary to create one place for support entities to share their expertise with one another and with the campus community. This project creates a web presence that all of these groups can contribute to. This system starts out small and creates a skeletal system that will allow for continued development after the project is …
From The Editor, Susan Fingerman
Chemistry Division, A. Ben Wagner
Materials Research & Manufacturing Section, Betsy Aldridge
Materials Research & Manufacturing Section, Betsy Aldridge
Sci-Tech News
No abstract provided.
Ichnogenic Porosity, High-Frequency Cyclostratigraphy, And Groundwater Flow In The Karst Biscayne Aquifer, Se Florida, Usa, Kevin Cunningham, H. Allen Curran
Ichnogenic Porosity, High-Frequency Cyclostratigraphy, And Groundwater Flow In The Karst Biscayne Aquifer, Se Florida, Usa, Kevin Cunningham, H. Allen Curran
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction Of The Middle Eocene Trieste-Pazin Basin (Croatia) From Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages, Sanja ŽIvkovic, Bosiljka Glumac
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction Of The Middle Eocene Trieste-Pazin Basin (Croatia) From Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages, Sanja ŽIvkovic, Bosiljka Glumac
Geosciences: Faculty Publications
Foraminiferal assemblages from four stratigraphic sections of the Trieste-Pazin basin in central Istria, Croatia (southwestern Tethyan realm) were investigated to reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions and to determine the age of these deposits. The following five Middle Eocene planktonic foraminiferal zones were identified from the range and frequency of foraminiferal species: Globigerinatheka kugleri/Morozovella aragonensis Zone (E9), Acarinina topilensis Zone (E10), Morozovelloides lehneri Zone (E11), Orbulinoides beckmanni Zone (E12), and Morozovelloides crassatus Zone (E13). A data set of benthic foraminifera relative frequency has been subjected to R- and Q-mode cluster analyses to demonstrate the linkage between taxa distribution and paleoenvironmental gradients. Benthic foraminiferal …
A Multiple-Copy Scheme For Multi-Channel Stop-And-Wait Harq, Yucheng Shih
A Multiple-Copy Scheme For Multi-Channel Stop-And-Wait Harq, Yucheng Shih
Master's Projects
HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) combines ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) with FEC (Forward Error Correction) to provide a reliable way to ensure that data are received correctly and in sequence. A multiple-copy HARQ scheme is proposed for WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) to reduce the waiting time of erroneously received data in the receivers’ buffer. In this project, the performances of WiMAX multi-channel stop-and-wait HARQ scheme are compared with that of the proposed multiple-copy HARQ scheme. The multiple-copy HARQ can send the same copy of a data burst on contiguous channels during noisy channel conditions so that the required …
Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry - Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, Luis Díaz-Ballote, Mario A. Apuche-Avlles, David O. Wipf
Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry - Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy, Luis Díaz-Ballote, Mario A. Apuche-Avlles, David O. Wipf
College of Arts and Sciences Publications and Scholarship
The use of fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) to generate images in scanning electrochemical microscopy is demonstrated. In the FSCV-SECM method a cyclic voltammogram is acquired at each grid point of the scanned area. Thus, each point in the SECM image is a data array rather than a single value. This provides a significant increase in the amount of data collected per scan and provides the ability to make images of multiple analytes per scan. In addition, the use of cyclic voltammetry allows images based on adsorptive as well as diffusional processes. In this paper, we describe the FSCV-SECM experiment …
Phenomenographic Study Of Students’ Problem Solving Approaches In Physics, Laura Walsh, Robert Howard, Brian Bowe
Phenomenographic Study Of Students’ Problem Solving Approaches In Physics, Laura Walsh, Robert Howard, Brian Bowe
Articles
This paper describes ongoing research investigating student approaches to quantitative and qualitative problem solving in physics. This empirical study was conducted using a phenomenographic approach to analyze data from individual semistructured problem solving interviews with 22 introductory college physics students. The main result of the study is a hierarchical set of categories that describe the students’ problem solving approaches in the context of introductory physics.
Electron Shock Waves: Ionization Rate And Solutions To The Efd Equations, Mostafa Hemmati, Steven Summers, Michael Weller
Electron Shock Waves: Ionization Rate And Solutions To The Efd Equations, Mostafa Hemmati, Steven Summers, Michael Weller
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
This paper describes our numerical investigation into ionizing breakdown waves, primarily antiforce waves. Antiforce waves are waves for which the electric field force on the electronsisin the opposite direction of the wave's propagation. This investigation required us to utilize one-dimensional electron fluid-dynamical equations, which were applied to a pulse wave that transmits into a region of neutral gas and is under the influence of an applied electric field. Two important assumptions were made in applying these equations: electrons were considered to be the main component in the propagation of the pulse wave, and the partial pressure of the electron gas …
Filling The Ontology Space For Coalition Battle Management Language, Charles Turnitsa, Curtis Blais, Andreas Tolk
Filling The Ontology Space For Coalition Battle Management Language, Charles Turnitsa, Curtis Blais, Andreas Tolk
Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications
The Coalition Battle Management Language is a language for representing and exchanging plans, orders, and reports across live, constructive and robotic forces in multi-service, multi-national and multi-organizational operations. Standardization efforts in the Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization seek to define this language through three parallel activities: (1) specify a sufficient data model to unambiguously define a set of orders using the Joint Command, Control, and Consultation Information Exchange Data Model (JC3IEDM) as a starting point; (2) develop a formal grammar (lexicon and production rules) to formalize the definition of orders, requests, and reports; (3) develop a formal battle management ontology to …
Applying The Levels Of Conceptual Interoperability Model In Support Of Integratability, Interoperability, And Composability For System-Of-Systems Engineering, Andreas Tolk, Saikou Y. Diallo, Charles D. Turnitsa
Applying The Levels Of Conceptual Interoperability Model In Support Of Integratability, Interoperability, And Composability For System-Of-Systems Engineering, Andreas Tolk, Saikou Y. Diallo, Charles D. Turnitsa
Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications
The Levels of Conceptual Interoperability Model (LCIM) was developed to cope with the different layers of interoperation of modeling & simulation applications. It introduced technical, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic, dynamic, and conceptual layers of interoperation and showed how they are related to the ideas of integratability, interoperability, and composability. The model was successfully applied in various domains of systems, cybernetics, and informatics.