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2007

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Articles 6661 - 6690 of 6758

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

I Sinkholes Nella Letteratura Scientifica Internazionale: Una Breve Rassegna, Con Particulare Riferimento Agli Stati Uniti D'America, Lee J. Florea, Mario Parise Jan 2007

I Sinkholes Nella Letteratura Scientifica Internazionale: Una Breve Rassegna, Con Particulare Riferimento Agli Stati Uniti D'America, Lee J. Florea, Mario Parise

Earth, Environmental, and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty Publications

Fenomeni di sinkholes sono diffusi in moltissimi paesi del mondo, in ambiti geologici e morfologici alquanto differenziati, e coinvolgono svariate litologie, sia nelle successioni di copertura che in quelle direttamente affioranti alla superficie. Il presente contributo intende fornire una breve rassegna, certamente non esaustiva, sullo stato dell’arte delle ricerche relative ai sinkholes in ambito internazionale. Esso consiste in una descrizione della più aggiornata e diffusa classificazione dei sinkholes e, a seguire, in descrizioni delle più tipiche casistiche di sinkholes nei vari paesi. Tra questi, viene dato particolare risalto agli Stati Uniti d’America (e, più in particolare, alla Florida), dove le …

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Sea Coast And Sea Level Trends, John D. Boon Jan 2007

Sea Coast And Sea Level Trends, John D. Boon

Reports

Coastal residents know that the sea is never still. We witness the daily rise and fall of the tide against our shores, covering and uncovering the intertidal zone. We watch the water’s edge rise higher still during a ‘northeaster’ as storm surge adds to the tide. These events occur and reoccur in cycles and each time a degree of normalcy returns before a new cycle begins. What we don’t see with our own eyes is the slow change in water level that keeps on going – a very long cycle or sea level trend.

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Elizabeth River Tributyltin Monitoring Program 1999-2006 : A Report To The Virginia Department Of Environmental Quality Tidewater Regional Office, Michael A. Unger Jan 2007

Elizabeth River Tributyltin Monitoring Program 1999-2006 : A Report To The Virginia Department Of Environmental Quality Tidewater Regional Office, Michael A. Unger

Reports

The purpose of this project was to implement a study in 1999/2000 that would document the current levels of tributyltin (TBT) in the Elizabeth River and provide baseline data for future efforts to determine the trend of TBT concentrations found in the Elizabeth River Watershed. Subsequent years of sampling have documented spatial and temporal trends in TBT and are described in this report.

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Photon-Induced Conduction Modulation In Sio2 Thin Films Embedded With Ge Nanocrystals, L Ding, Tp Chen, M Yang, Ji Wong, Y Liu, Sf Yu, F.R. Zhu, Mc Tan, S Fung, Ch Tung, Ad Trigg Dec 2006

Photon-Induced Conduction Modulation In Sio2 Thin Films Embedded With Ge Nanocrystals, L Ding, Tp Chen, M Yang, Ji Wong, Y Liu, Sf Yu, F.R. Zhu, Mc Tan, S Fung, Ch Tung, Ad Trigg

Professor ZHU, Fu Rong

No abstract provided.

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Raokandro Malagasy (Medicinal Plants Of Madagascar), Nat Quansah Dec 2006

Raokandro Malagasy (Medicinal Plants Of Madagascar), Nat Quansah

Nat Quansah

No abstract provided.

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Crystal Structure Of A N-Butyllithium : 1,2-Dipiperidinoethane Dimer Complex, Michael Nichols, Rachel Sobinsky, Allen Hunter, Matthias Zeller Dec 2006

Crystal Structure Of A N-Butyllithium : 1,2-Dipiperidinoethane Dimer Complex, Michael Nichols, Rachel Sobinsky, Allen Hunter, Matthias Zeller

Michael A Nichols

No abstract provided.

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Review Of Kitchen Chemistry., Chrystal Bruce Dec 2006

Review Of Kitchen Chemistry., Chrystal Bruce

Chrystal D. Bruce

This book contains many modules emphasizing truly important concepts in chemistry: intermolecular forces, structure, reactivity, solubility. The experiments offered exemplify the recurring phrase, “familiar chemistry in an unfamiliar place.”

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Polyaniline On Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells, Weining Wang, E. A. Schiff Dec 2006

Polyaniline On Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells, Weining Wang, E. A. Schiff

Weining Wang, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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Bonebeds: Genesis, Analysis, And Paleobiological Significance, Raymond Rogers, Daivd Eberth, Anthony Fiorillo Dec 2006

Bonebeds: Genesis, Analysis, And Paleobiological Significance, Raymond Rogers, Daivd Eberth, Anthony Fiorillo

Raymond Rogers

No abstract provided.

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The Diachroneity Of Alluvial-Fan Lithostratigraphy?: A Test Case From Southeastern Ebro Basin Magnetostratigraphy, Nicholas Swanson-Hysell, David Barbeau Dec 2006

The Diachroneity Of Alluvial-Fan Lithostratigraphy?: A Test Case From Southeastern Ebro Basin Magnetostratigraphy, Nicholas Swanson-Hysell, David Barbeau

David L Barbeau Jr

Alluvial-fan strata contain valuable proxy data for kinematic, climatic and sediment-flux phenomena associated with high-relief source regions. Proper application of this data is dependent upon acquisition of accurate high-resolution chronostratigraphic data, best achieved through magnetostratigraphy. Collection of magnetostratigraphic and other proxy data from composite alluvial-fan sections assumes the chronostratigraphic significance of lithostratigraphy. We present the first test of this assumption with new magnetostratigraphy collected from Paleogene rocks of the southeastern Ebro basin. We report five new magnetostratigraphic sections that collectively sample 850 m of alluvial-fan and associated fluvial strata. One-hundred meters of lithostratigraphic overlap between these sections reveals equivalent magnetic …

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A Case Study Of E-Services Oriented Architecture Transition During Development, Jia Zhang, Jen-Yao Chung Dec 2006

A Case Study Of E-Services Oriented Architecture Transition During Development, Jia Zhang, Jen-Yao Chung

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

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Crystal Structures O Hexameric And Dimeric Complexes Of Lithiosobutyrophenone., Michael Nichols, Christina Leposa, Allen Hunter, Matthias Zeller Dec 2006

Crystal Structures O Hexameric And Dimeric Complexes Of Lithiosobutyrophenone., Michael Nichols, Christina Leposa, Allen Hunter, Matthias Zeller

Michael A Nichols

No abstract provided.

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Volitional Control Of Attention And Brain Activation In Dual Task Performance, Sharlene Newman, Timothy Keller, Marcel Just Dec 2006

Volitional Control Of Attention And Brain Activation In Dual Task Performance, Sharlene Newman, Timothy Keller, Marcel Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

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Inhibitory Control In High Functioning Autism: Decreased Activation And Underconnectivity In Inhibition Networks, Rajesh Kana, Timothy Keller, Nancy Minshew, Marcel Just Dec 2006

Inhibitory Control In High Functioning Autism: Decreased Activation And Underconnectivity In Inhibition Networks, Rajesh Kana, Timothy Keller, Nancy Minshew, Marcel Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

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Chess, Chance And Conspiracy, Mark Segal Dec 2006

Chess, Chance And Conspiracy, Mark Segal

Mark R Segal

Chess and chance are seemingly strange bedfellows. Luck and/or randomness have no apparent role in move selection when the game is played at the highest levels. However, when competition is at the ultimate level, that of the World Chess Championship (WCC), chess and conspiracy are not strange bedfellows, there being a long and colorful history of accusations levied between participants. One such accusation, frequently repeated, was that all the games in the 1985 WCC (Karpov vs Kasparov) were fixed and prearranged move by move. That this claim was advanced by a former World Champion, Bobby Fischer, argues that it ought …

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Self-Heating In Compost Piles Due To Biological Effects, Tim Marchant Dec 2006

Self-Heating In Compost Piles Due To Biological Effects, Tim Marchant

Tim Marchant

The increase in temperature in compost piles/landfill sites due to micro-organisms undergoing exothermic reactions is modelled. A simplified model is considered in which only biological self-heating is present. The heat release rate due to biological activity is modelled by a function which is a monotonic increasing function of temperature over the range 0⩽T⩽a, whilst for T⩾a it is a monotone decreasing function of temperature. This functional dependence represents the fact that micro-organisms die or become dormant at high temperatures. The bifurcation behaviour is investigated for 1-d slab and 2-d rectangular slab geometries. In both cases there are two generic steady-state …

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Evidence Of Four Generations Of Monazite Growth In Proterozoic Migmatites Of The Santa Fe Range, North-Central New Mexico, Dan Heuer Dec 2006

Evidence Of Four Generations Of Monazite Growth In Proterozoic Migmatites Of The Santa Fe Range, North-Central New Mexico, Dan Heuer

Dan Heuer

No abstract provided.

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The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Influences Amyloid Formation And Toxicity By Interacting With Pre-Fibrillar Structures, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Sarah Meehan, Brianna Thompson, Janet Kumita, Christopher Dobson, Mark Wilson Dec 2006

The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Influences Amyloid Formation And Toxicity By Interacting With Pre-Fibrillar Structures, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Sarah Meehan, Brianna Thompson, Janet Kumita, Christopher Dobson, Mark Wilson

Mark R Wilson

Clusterin is an extracellular chaperone present in all disease-associated extracellular amyloid deposits, however, its roles in amyloid formation and protein deposition in vivo are poorly understood. The current study initially aimed to characterise the effects of clusterin on amyloid formation in vitro by a panel of eight protein substrates. Two of the substrates (Alzheimer's beta peptide and a PI3-SH3 domain) were then used in further experiments to examine the effects of clusterin on amyloid cytotoxicity and to probe the mechanism of clusterin action. We show that clusterin exerts potent effects on amyloid formation, the nature and extent of which vary …

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The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Potently Inhibits Human Lysozyme Amyloid Formation By Interacting With Prefibrillar Species, Mark Wilson, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Christopher Dobson, C V Robinson, Elise Stewart, Janet Kumita, Mireille Dumoulin, Gemma Caddy, Christine Hagan Dec 2006

The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin Potently Inhibits Human Lysozyme Amyloid Formation By Interacting With Prefibrillar Species, Mark Wilson, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Christopher Dobson, C V Robinson, Elise Stewart, Janet Kumita, Mireille Dumoulin, Gemma Caddy, Christine Hagan

Mark R Wilson

We have studied the effects of the extracellular molecular chaperone, clusterin, on the in vitro aggregation of mutational variants of human lysozyme, including one associated with familial amyloid disease. The aggregation of the amyloidogenic variant I56T is inhibited significantly at clusterin-to-lysozyme ratios as low as 1:80 (i.e. one clusterin molecule per 80 lysozyme molecules). Experiments indicate that under the conditions where inhibition of aggregation occurs, clusterin does not bind detectably to the native or fibrillar states, or to the monomeric transient intermediate known to be a key species in the aggregation reaction. Rather, it seems to interact with oligomeric species …

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Solitary Wave Interaction For A Higher-Order Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation, Tim Marchant Dec 2006

Solitary Wave Interaction For A Higher-Order Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation, Tim Marchant

Tim Marchant

Solitary wave interaction for a higher-order version of the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is examined. An asymptotic transformation is used to transform a higher-order NLS equation to a higher-order member of the NLS integrable hierarchy, if an algebraic relationship between the higher-order coefficients is satisfied. The transformation is used to derive the higher-order one- and two-soliton solutions; in general, the N-soliton solution can be derived. It is shown that the higher-order collision is asymptotically elastic and analytical expressions are found for the higher-order phase and coordinate shifts. Numerical simulations of the interaction of two higher-order solitary waves are also performed. …

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Analytical Chemistry: Theoretical And Metrological Fundamentals, Mark Anderson Dec 2006

Analytical Chemistry: Theoretical And Metrological Fundamentals, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

Review of the book "Analytical Chemistry: Theoretical and Metrological Fundamentals," by K. Danzer. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, New York. 2007.

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Well-Resolved Coherent Raman Spectra From Femtosecond Pulses, Sukhendu Nath, Diana Urbanek, Sean Kern, Mark Berg Dec 2006

Well-Resolved Coherent Raman Spectra From Femtosecond Pulses, Sukhendu Nath, Diana Urbanek, Sean Kern, Mark Berg

Sean J. Kern

This paper demonstrates a method for measuring coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectra with a resolution limited only by the inherent linewidth of the sample, even when using pulses of a width (60 fs, 300 cm−1) that is between the widths needed for a pure frequency- or time-domain measurement. Data are collected as a function of both delay and frequency and used to recover a standard Raman spectrum. The resulting time/frequency detected experiment represents a bridge between standard time- and frequency-domain approaches to spectroscopy.

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Optical Enhancement In Semitransparent Polymer Photovoltaic Cells, Gm Ng, El Kietzke, T Kietzke, Lw Tan, Pk Liew, F.R. Zhu Dec 2006

Optical Enhancement In Semitransparent Polymer Photovoltaic Cells, Gm Ng, El Kietzke, T Kietzke, Lw Tan, Pk Liew, F.R. Zhu

Professor ZHU, Fu Rong

No abstract provided.

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Simultaneous Time And Frequency Detection In Femtosecond Coherent Raman Spectroscopy, Sukhendu Nath, Diana Urbanek, Sean Kern, Mark Berg Dec 2006

Simultaneous Time And Frequency Detection In Femtosecond Coherent Raman Spectroscopy, Sukhendu Nath, Diana Urbanek, Sean Kern, Mark Berg

Sean J. Kern

The preceding paper showed that, in principle, a high-resolution coherent Raman spectrum can be recovered using femtosecond probe pulses by combined detection in both time and frequency. This measurement is possible even when the pulses are too broad in frequency for conventional frequency-domain spectroscopy and too broad in time for conventional time-domain spectroscopy. In this paper, the method is tested on experimental coherent anti-stokes Raman spectroscopy data from acetonitrile. Compared to theoretical models, experimental data are complicated by noise and incomplete knowledge of the pulse structure. Despite these complications, most of the information in the Raman spectrum is recovered from …

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Effects Of Glycosylation On The Structure And Function Of The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin, Elise Stewart, Andrew Aquilina, Simon B Easterbrook-Smith, D Murphy-Durland, C Jacobsen, S Moestrup, Mark Wilson Dec 2006

Effects Of Glycosylation On The Structure And Function Of The Extracellular Chaperone Clusterin, Elise Stewart, Andrew Aquilina, Simon B Easterbrook-Smith, D Murphy-Durland, C Jacobsen, S Moestrup, Mark Wilson

Mark R Wilson

Clusterin is the first well characterized, constitutively secreted extracellular chaperone that binds to exposed regions of hydrophobicity on non-native proteins. It may help control the folding state of extracellular proteins by targeting them for receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular lysosomal degradation. A notable feature of secreted clusterin is its heavy glycosylation. Although carbohydrate comprises approximately 20−25% of the total mass of the mature molecule, its function is unknown. Results from the current study demonstrate that deglycosylation of human serum clusterin had little effect on its overall secondary structure content but produced a small increase in solvent-exposed hydrophobicity and enhanced the propensity …

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The Aeroacoustics Of Turbulent Coanda Jet Flows, J. Fox, Caroline Lubert Dec 2006

The Aeroacoustics Of Turbulent Coanda Jet Flows, J. Fox, Caroline Lubert

Caroline P Lubert

No abstract provided.

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The Climate Engineers: Playing God To Save The Planet, James Fleming Dec 2006

The Climate Engineers: Playing God To Save The Planet, James Fleming

James R. Fleming

As alarm over global warming spreads, a radical idea is gaining momentum. Forget cuts in greenhouse-gas emissions, some scientists argue. Find a technological fix. Bounce sunlight back into space by pumping reflective nanoparticles into the atmosphere. Launch mirrors into orbit around the earth. Create a “planetary thermostat.” But what sounds like science fiction is actually an old story. For more than a century, scientists, soldiers, and charlatans have hatched schemes to manipulate the weather and climate. Like them, today’s aspiring climate engineers wildly exaggerate what is possible, and they scarcely consider political, military, and ethical implications of attempting to manage …

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Digit Reversal Without Apology, Lara Pudwell Dec 2006

Digit Reversal Without Apology, Lara Pudwell

Lara K. Pudwell

No abstract provided.

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U.S. Policy, John Dernbach Dec 2006

U.S. Policy, John Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

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Synthesis Of Homoallyl Ethers Via Allylation Of Acetals And Aldehydes In Ionic Liquids, Ram Mohan, Peter Anzalone Dec 2006

Synthesis Of Homoallyl Ethers Via Allylation Of Acetals And Aldehydes In Ionic Liquids, Ram Mohan, Peter Anzalone

Ram S. Mohan

The TMS triflate catalyzed allylation of acetals to yield homoallyl ethers proceeds smoothly at room temperature in ionic liquids. A one-pot method for the conversion of aldehydes to homoallyl ethers in an ionic liquid has also been developed. This methodology is attractive because it allows allylations to be carried out at room temperature. Ionic liquids offer a convenient replacement for CH2Cl2, the commonly used solvent for such reactions.

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