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Articles 6661 - 6690 of 302419

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Generalised Zero-Shot Learning For Action Recognition Fusing Text And Image Gans, Kaiqiang Huang, Susan Mckeever, Luis Miralles-Pechuán Jan 2024

Generalised Zero-Shot Learning For Action Recognition Fusing Text And Image Gans, Kaiqiang Huang, Susan Mckeever, Luis Miralles-Pechuán

Articles

Generalized Zero-Shot Action Recognition (GZSAR) is geared towards recognizing classes that the model has not been trained on, while still maintaining robust performance on the familiar, trained classes. This approach mitigates the need for an extensive amount of labeled training data and enhances the efficient utilization of available datasets. The main contribution of this paper is a novel approach for GZSAR that combines the power of two Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). One GAN is responsible for generating embeddings from visual representations, while the other GAN focuses on generating embeddings from textual representations. These generated embeddings are fused, with the selection …

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The Use Of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (Flim) For In Situ Microbial Detection In Complex Mineral Substrates, Yekaterina G. Chmykh, Jay Nadeau Jan 2024

The Use Of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (Flim) For In Situ Microbial Detection In Complex Mineral Substrates, Yekaterina G. Chmykh, Jay Nadeau

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The utility of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for identifying bacteria in complex mineral matrices was investigated. Baseline signals from unlabelled Bacillus subtilis and Euglena gracilis, and Bacillus subtilis labelled with SYTO 9 were obtained using two-photon excitation at 730, 750 and 800 nm, identifying characteristic lifetimes of photosynthetic pigments, unpigmented cellular autofluorescence, and SYTO 9. Labelled and unlabelled B. subtilis were seeded onto marble and gypsum samples containing endolithic photosynthetic cyanobacteria and the ability to distinguish cells from mineral autofluorescence and nonspecific dye staining was examined in parallel with ordinary multichannel confocal imaging. It was found that FLIM …

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Electromagnetic Fields And Radiation From Localized Current Source Interacting With A Cosmic Axion Field In The Context Of Massive Axion Electrodynamics, Railing Chang, P. T. Leung Jan 2024

Electromagnetic Fields And Radiation From Localized Current Source Interacting With A Cosmic Axion Field In The Context Of Massive Axion Electrodynamics, Railing Chang, P. T. Leung

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Electromagnetic fields from localized current source interacting with an oscillatory cosmic axion field are studied, accounting for the possibility of a finite photon mass. In particular, focus will be on the dipole radiation from static current sources. The Proca theory is generalized to include the axion field and solutions to the modified EM field equations are obtained to first order in the axion coupling parameter. Analysis of the interplay between the two vanishingly small parameters – the axion mass (via the coupling constant and the oscillating frequency) and the photon mass – is carried out with reference to possible future …

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Investigating Factors Contributing To Differences In Air Pollutants Between Metropolitan Areas In The Us, Ellen Hu Jan 2024

Investigating Factors Contributing To Differences In Air Pollutants Between Metropolitan Areas In The Us, Ellen Hu

Scripps Senior Theses

Densely populated regions around the United States exhibit varying concentrations of air pollutants that can impact the health of urban populations and surrounding ecosystems. Understanding why these differences exist can be important in addressing health issues as the human population continues to increase and communities across the globe move to accommodate these trends. To investigate the impact of natural processes and anthropogenic sources on pollutant concentrations, EPA daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) pollutant concentrations from seven metropolitan regions across the US for 2018-2022 were used. A Spearman Rank-Order …

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A Road Map For Place Based Collaboration For Conflict Reduction, Joseph L. Zecher Jan 2024

A Road Map For Place Based Collaboration For Conflict Reduction, Joseph L. Zecher

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

No abstract provided.

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Interannual Growth-Climate Relationships Of Western Larch After Wildfire In The Northwest, Junior Burks Jan 2024

Interannual Growth-Climate Relationships Of Western Larch After Wildfire In The Northwest, Junior Burks

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Montane and mixed-conifer forests in the northwestern United States are burning at rates greater than any time in recent decades, due to the combined impacts of global warming and historical and contemporary land use and land management. Western larch (Larix occidentalis) is a tree of high regional significance, exhibiting a variety of traits that make it resistant and resilient to fire. Because seedlings are more sensitive to environmental stressors than adults, the impacts of climate change are expected to be detectable first in juvenile trees. Recent research shows that the natural regeneration of western larch after wildfires has …

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Effects Of El Nino And Sunspot Cycles On Global And Reginal Climate, August Nathan Tolzman Jan 2024

Effects Of El Nino And Sunspot Cycles On Global And Reginal Climate, August Nathan Tolzman

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

Sunspots and El Nino affect the interannual variability of temperature on earth. Separately there is a positive relationship between higher sunspots and warmer temperatures or more intense El Nino and warmer temperatures globally and in Missoula. This is with the bias of climate change removed. Putting these two processes together it is expected that when intense El Ninos and high sunspots happen in the same year there will be warmer temperatures. This was not the case, there was no data to support that putting these to processes together makes them more or less intense.

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Evaluating Land Cover Change And Opportunities For Bioenergy Crop Development On Surface Mine Sites In West Virginia, U.S.A., Kenzie D. Kohrs Jan 2024

Evaluating Land Cover Change And Opportunities For Bioenergy Crop Development On Surface Mine Sites In West Virginia, U.S.A., Kenzie D. Kohrs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Surface mining can impact land cover, forests, and water quality. Current reclamation strategies include revegetation with herbaceous species due to the ease and speed of cover establishment. Herbaceous and woody biomass crops have been used in various studies to reclaim surface mines and act as an alternative to nonrenewable energy sources. The objectives of this study were to quantify the state of vegetation growth on former surface mines in West Virginia over a 9-year period and identify suitable acreage for bioenergy production. During 2011 to 2020, we found that over 40,000 acres had been converted to forest and 40,000 acres …

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Global Analysis Of The Neutron Magnetic Form Factor, Joseph P. Jayne Jan 2024

Global Analysis Of The Neutron Magnetic Form Factor, Joseph P. Jayne

Honors Theses and Capstones

Protons and neutrons, the nucleons, are made up of smaller particles called quarks. Nucleons have three valence quarks, which are the dominant contributors to its properties, as well as sea quarks (quark-antiquark pairs) and gluons. The distribution of the charge and magnetization of these particles is described by the electric and magnetic form factors. These form factors can be measured with scattering experiments since they directly affect the particle’s cross section. Neutron form factors are challenging to measure because a pure neutron target will decay very fast and is not viable for experiments. Instead, targets like 2H and 3H are …

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Instances Of Undecidability In The Semigroup Word Problem, Timothy C. Grosky Jan 2024

Instances Of Undecidability In The Semigroup Word Problem, Timothy C. Grosky

Honors Theses and Capstones

We will examine the decidability of the word problem in semigroups, which is a yes/no question. We will examine tools that have been developed to help answer it, and then look at some examples where the word problem is decidable or undecidable.

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Mining Contamination Of Legacy Deposits On Floodplains Along Turkey Creek, Western Border Of The Ozark Highlands, Hannah Riley Eades Jan 2024

Mining Contamination Of Legacy Deposits On Floodplains Along Turkey Creek, Western Border Of The Ozark Highlands, Hannah Riley Eades

MSU Graduate Theses

Historical mining activities in the Tri State mining district in Southwest Missouri from 1850 to 1950 resulted in widespread metal contamination of stream sediments. Beginning in the 1840s, land disturbances associated with Euro-American settlement and agricultural expansion increased runoff and soil erosion rates resulting in the deposition of contaminated alluvium or legacy sediment on floodplains. This study assesses zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) contaminated legacy deposits in cut-bank exposures along floodplains in Turkey Creek Watershed (119 km²) which drained mining areas in Missouri. Ore production histories were used date metal contamination profiles and calculate floodplain deposition rates in legacy deposits. …

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Road Extraction On Remote Sensing Imagery: Historical Mapping Of The Brazilian Amazon, Jonas Paiva Botelho Jr Jan 2024

Road Extraction On Remote Sensing Imagery: Historical Mapping Of The Brazilian Amazon, Jonas Paiva Botelho Jr

MSU Graduate Theses

This work proposes an artificial intelligence model based on U-Net architecture to map road networks in the Brazilian Amazon. Over the years, the Amazon region has been heavily exploited, leading to increased deforestation rates, contributing to CO2 emissions, amplifying global warming, and causing a disturbance in local fauna and flora. The expansion into the forest by illegal miners, loggers, and land grabbers can be tracked down by the construction of roads, which we can refer to as the arteries of deforestation. Previous works on the matter proposed algorithms that use high-resolution imagery to map roads precisely. However, this work approach …

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Environmental War, Climate Security, And The Russia-Ukraine Crisis, Mark P. Nevitt Jan 2024

Environmental War, Climate Security, And The Russia-Ukraine Crisis, Mark P. Nevitt

Faculty Articles

This Article addresses the Russia-Ukraine conflict’s broad implications for energy security, climate security, and environment protections during wartime. I assert that in the short-term the Russian-Ukraine war is poised to hinder much-needed international climate progress. It will stymie international decarbonization efforts and cause greater uncertainty in other climate-destabilized parts of the world, such as the Arctic. While Russia has become a pariah in the eyes of the United States and other Western nations, it has forged new partnerships and capitalized on new, lucrative energy markets outside the West and Global South. But in the long term, the global renewable energy …

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Backgrounds Study And Ai-Powered Waveform Processing For Legend Experiment, Laxman Paudel Jan 2024

Backgrounds Study And Ai-Powered Waveform Processing For Legend Experiment, Laxman Paudel

Dissertations and Theses

Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (0$\nu \beta \beta $) is a presumed rare nuclear decay process and is considered the most promising way to prove the Majorana nature of neutrinos, that is, neutrinos are their own antiparticles. The discovery of \zero decay would also enhance our understanding of nuclear physics, astrophysical observations, and physical processes in the early Universe. The Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (LEGEND) is a phased $^{\mathrm{76}}$Ge-based 0$\nu \beta \beta $ decay experimental program, aiming for the discovery potential of a half-life of 0$\nu \beta \beta $ beyond 10$^{\mathrm{28}}$ years. The first phase, LEGEND-200, comprises 200 …

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High-Altitude Adaptation Is Accompanied By Strong Signatures Of Purifying Selection In The Mitochondrial Genomes Of Three Andean Waterfowl, A. M. Graham, P. Lavretsky, R. E. Wilson, K. G. Mccracken Jan 2024

High-Altitude Adaptation Is Accompanied By Strong Signatures Of Purifying Selection In The Mitochondrial Genomes Of Three Andean Waterfowl, A. M. Graham, P. Lavretsky, R. E. Wilson, K. G. Mccracken

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Efficient High-Resolution Time Series Classification Via Attention Kronecker Decomposition, Aosong Feng, Jialin Chen, Juan Garza, Brooklyn Berry, Francisco Salazar, Yifeng Gao, Rex Ying, Leandros Tassiulas Jan 2024

Efficient High-Resolution Time Series Classification Via Attention Kronecker Decomposition, Aosong Feng, Jialin Chen, Juan Garza, Brooklyn Berry, Francisco Salazar, Yifeng Gao, Rex Ying, Leandros Tassiulas

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

The high-resolution time series classification problem is essential due to the increasing availability of detailed temporal data in various domains. To tackle this challenge effectively, it is imperative that the state-of-theart attention model is scalable to accommodate the growing sequence lengths typically encountered in highresolution time series data, while also demonstrating robustness in handling the inherent noise prevalent in such datasets. To address this, we propose to hierarchically encode the long time series into multiple levels based on the interaction ranges. By capturing relationships at different levels, we can build more robust, expressive, and efficient models that are capable of …

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Electrochromic Polymers: From Electrodeposition To Hybrid Solid Devices, Haradou Sare, Dongmei Dong Jan 2024

Electrochromic Polymers: From Electrodeposition To Hybrid Solid Devices, Haradou Sare, Dongmei Dong

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

This paper reports on the linear colorimetric and electrochromic (EC) characteristics of electrodeposited polyaniline (PANI) films. This paper also investigates the infrared EC properties of acid-doped PANI films. The electrochemical polymerization method was employed to create a porous and thin PANI film layer onto PET-ITO substrates. This layer was capped with WO3 film to create a gel electrolyte sandwich structure that demonstrates the compatibility of PANI films with cathodic WO3 films in full devices. The electrodeposition of the film was fabricated by applying different voltages and time, with the optimal film quality achieved with the 1.7 V voltage and a …

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Subsurface Mapping Of Intra-Arbuckle Shale In North-West Kansas Using Well Log Data, Cole M. Denny Jan 2024

Subsurface Mapping Of Intra-Arbuckle Shale In North-West Kansas Using Well Log Data, Cole M. Denny

Master's Theses

The aim of this research was to enhance knowledge of Intra-Arbuckle Shale (IAS) distribution and structure through new maps, cross sections, and well log correlations. Understanding the shale(s) ultimately advances the discernment of complex Arbuckle reservoirs that are critical to the Kansas petroleum industry. IAS has been intercepted by oil wells throughout Kansas, but this study focuses on their presence in portions of Ellis, Rooks, Graham, and Trego counties. To study the distribution and structure of IAS, data from micro-resistivity and gamma ray well logs were collected from more than three hundred Arbuckle oil and gas wells. On each well …

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An Enhanced Deep Autoencoder For Flight Delay Prediction, Desmond B. Bisandu Phd, Dan Andrei Soviani-Sitoiu Msc, Irene Moulitsas Phd Jan 2024

An Enhanced Deep Autoencoder For Flight Delay Prediction, Desmond B. Bisandu Phd, Dan Andrei Soviani-Sitoiu Msc, Irene Moulitsas Phd

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

Accurate and timely flight delay prediction cannot be overemphasized because of the ever-increasing demand for air travel and its importance in deploying intelligent transportation systems. Nonetheless, there has not been a universal solution to the problem, as more intelligent flight decision systems are required for the aviation industry's future growth. Existing flight delay classification and prediction approaches are mainly shallow traffic models and do not satisfy many applications in the real world. Our motivation to rethink the deep architecture model for predicting flight delays emanates from the problem. In this research, we proposed a technique that modified stacked autoencoder architecture …

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Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Drug Development, Louise C. Druedahl, Nicholson Price, Timo Minssen, Dipl Jur, Ameet Sarpatwari Jan 2024

Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Drug Development, Louise C. Druedahl, Nicholson Price, Timo Minssen, Dipl Jur, Ameet Sarpatwari

Articles

Considerable focus has been placed on the health care applications of artificial intelligence (AI). Already, machine learning, a subset of AI that involves “the use of data and algorithms to imitate the way that humans learn” has been used to predict diseases, while AI-powered smartphone apps have been developed to promote mental health and weight loss. Owing in part to such successes, the market for AI in health care has been forecasted to increase more than 1000% between 2022 and 2029, from $13.8 billion to $164.1 billion. One area of substantial promise is drug development, which is poised to benefit …

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Can Multi-Species Plantings Alleviate Abiotic Stressors To Enhance Bald Cypress Restoration, Victoria S. Ellis, Taylor M. Sloey Jan 2024

Can Multi-Species Plantings Alleviate Abiotic Stressors To Enhance Bald Cypress Restoration, Victoria S. Ellis, Taylor M. Sloey

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Restoration researchers and practitioners alike advocate for novel restoration approaches, informed by ecological theories and principles, to enhance the likelihood of meeting restoration goals. Forested wetland restoration has historically focused on creating abiotic conditions that support the tolerance thresholds of desired species, but the stress gradient hypothesis provides guidance for potential new strategies that use biotic interactions to ameliorate stressful abiotic conditions. In this study, we tested whether multi-species planting approaches can be used to enhance the survival and growth of a target restoration tree species, Bald cypress, along multiple abiotic gradients. We conducted a fully factorial controlled greenhouse experiment …

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Examining The Relationship Between Students’ Home Environment And Math Test Scores, Autumn Michlig Jan 2024

Examining The Relationship Between Students’ Home Environment And Math Test Scores, Autumn Michlig

Master of Science in Mathematics

This research study examined the relationship between a student’s home environment and their STAR math score by investigating 9 home environment variables. It also examines the best model to predict STAR score from the 9 home environment variables while controlling for the covariate, prior STAR score. The results being that including the covariate in the 9 predictor model was a statistically significant improvement over not including the covariate. However, the best model to predict STAR score was a model that only included the covariate and one variable, number of people living in house(s). Furthermore, when investigating the 9 variables, it …

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An Expository Analysis Of The Theorem: Every Integer Greater Than Two Is The Sum Of A Prime And A Square-Free Number, Kurt Mckenzie Jan 2024

An Expository Analysis Of The Theorem: Every Integer Greater Than Two Is The Sum Of A Prime And A Square-Free Number, Kurt Mckenzie

Master of Science in Mathematics

The thesis focuses on a relatively recent theorem (2017) contributed by Adrian Dudek to the field of Number Theory. It states that every integer greater than two can be represented as a sum of a prime and a square-free number. This result immediately attracts attention since it bears similarities with the famous and not yet proved Goldbach’s Conjecture, namely that every even number larger than two can be represented as a sum of two primes. The expository analysis aims to understand the theorem in the general setting of the Additive Number Theory, the method of proof and previous results on …

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An Exploratory Study: Determining Significant Predictors Of Academic Success On The Ohio State End Of Course Assessment In Algebra 1 For Students With Learning Disabilities And Students Identified As Gifted, Nicholas Sesonsky, Jonathan Mccullough Jan 2024

An Exploratory Study: Determining Significant Predictors Of Academic Success On The Ohio State End Of Course Assessment In Algebra 1 For Students With Learning Disabilities And Students Identified As Gifted, Nicholas Sesonsky, Jonathan Mccullough

Master of Science in Mathematics

Since the COVID-19 pandemic, hybrid and online instruction have become more prominent formats in the educational system. This study aimed to focus specifically on students with learning disabilities and students who are identified as gifted. Based on these two subpopulations and prior literature, instructional method, class size, attendance rate, and prior academic performance were selected as potential impactful measures of students' academic success. Academic success for this study was based on the Algebra 1 Ohio State End of Course Assessment while prior academic performance was based on the Seventh-Grade Ohio State End of Course Assessment, and Ohio’s School Report Card …

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"The Effect Of Students’ Place Of Residence, Length Of Time In A District, Race, And Ses On Academic And Behavioral Success", Andrew King Jan 2024

"The Effect Of Students’ Place Of Residence, Length Of Time In A District, Race, And Ses On Academic And Behavioral Success", Andrew King

Master of Science in Mathematics

This study intended to determine if place of residence, length of time in a district, race, and socioeconomic status were statistically significant predictors of academic success and disciplinary issues. The study took place in the Mississinawa Valley School District, a small district in western Ohio consisting of a mix of students from both rural and urban/suburban areas. Existing literature on districts comprising rural and urban portions was missing, allowing this study to fill a gap in research. A sample of 2,002 students from the school from 2008 to 2023 was analyzed to answer two primary research questions. Three separate multiple …

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Are Prior Academic Achievement, Attendance, Athletic Participation, And Demographics Significant Predictors On Iowa State Assessment Performance?, David Jabs Jan 2024

Are Prior Academic Achievement, Attendance, Athletic Participation, And Demographics Significant Predictors On Iowa State Assessment Performance?, David Jabs

Master of Science in Mathematics

This research study examined if prior academic achievement, attendance, athletic participation and demographics were significant factors of IOWA State Assessment scores. The findings indicated that there were three significant factors. The three factors that were significant were prior IOWA State Assessment Scores, the number of tardies and the current GPA. This research study took place at a small private school in Cleveland Heights, OH. The analysis was completed by three different approaches. The first was a multiple regression analysis which determined the three factors already mentioned. A correlation study and an independent sample t-test were also performed. This research is …

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Does Grade Level Acceleration In Math Increase Act Testing Performance When Controlling For Other Factors In One School System?, Stephen Hubek Jan 2024

Does Grade Level Acceleration In Math Increase Act Testing Performance When Controlling For Other Factors In One School System?, Stephen Hubek

Master of Science in Mathematics

School districts across the country are currently in the debate on how to properly accelerate students in math. In the Pleasant Local School District students in this study were accelerated through the method of grade level acceleration starting in their 6th grade year in math. This acceleration involves skipping grade levels in math based on a student’s abilities in math and classroom performance. Accelerated students in Pleasant Local Schools complete Algebra 2 via the high school curriculum and then move to CCP courses to complete through Calculus if they choose. The purpose of this study is to answer the question: …

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The Effects Of Tree Cover And Urban Greenspace On Covid-19 Severity In Seattle, Wa, Kristin Harpster Jan 2024

The Effects Of Tree Cover And Urban Greenspace On Covid-19 Severity In Seattle, Wa, Kristin Harpster

Master of Science in Mathematics

This thesis explores the relationship between urban greenspace and forestry and COVID-19 severity in Seattle, Washington. Urban greenspace and forestry has been shown to play an important role in reducing air pollution, which can exacerbate COVID-19 severity. Community demographics have been shown to affect the greenspace-health relationship, therefore demographic information was included in the study. Four logistic models were created to examine the relationship between urban greenspace and forestry and COVID-19 severity. Two models examined the relationship between greenspace and COVID-19 hospitalizations and mortality respectively. A further two models included community demographics as predictor variables. The findings indicated that tree …

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Effectiveness Of Corequisite Remediation: A Study On Introductory Statistics And College Algebra, Sydney Crawford, Sarah Grimm Jan 2024

Effectiveness Of Corequisite Remediation: A Study On Introductory Statistics And College Algebra, Sydney Crawford, Sarah Grimm

Master of Science in Mathematics

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of remediation in Introduction to Statistics and College Algebra at Shawnee State University (SSU). Focusing on students with an ACT score ranging from 15-17, this study examines the effectiveness of corequisite courses to see if these courses improve student success rates compared to prerequisite courses. The background of this study is rooted by the ongoing effort of colleges and universities to enhance student success by implementing different instructional strategies, such as corequisite remediation. Logistic regression techniques were used to analyze successful completion of gateway courses as an outcome of different …

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Factors Affecting Standardized Test Scores: Internal And External Factors In Ohio School Districts, Denise Layne Jan 2024

Factors Affecting Standardized Test Scores: Internal And External Factors In Ohio School Districts, Denise Layne

Master of Science in Mathematics

The focus of this study was the internal and external school district factors that influence standardized test scores within the state of Ohio. This study also looked at differences in school characteristics between income classes as well as the current Black-White achievement gap in Ohio. The topics and analyses in this study were based off James Coleman’s 1966 report titled Equality of Educational Opportunity. Data was collected from public online databases, and all Ohio school districts with sufficient data were used. Findings regarding factors that influence test scores suggest that external school district factors play a larger role in test …

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