Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Understanding Health Professionals' Informal Learning In Online Social Networks: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Xin Li, Karin Verspoor, Kathleen Gray, Stephen Barnett

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Online social networks (OSNs) enable health professionals to learn informally, for example by sharing medical knowledge, or discussing practice management challenges and clinical issues. Understanding how learning occurs in OSNs is necessary to better support this type of learning. Through a cross-sectional survey, this study found that learning interaction in OSNs is low in general, with a small number of active users. Some health professionals actively used OSNs to support their practice, including sharing practical and experiential knowledge, benchmarking themselves, and to keep up-to-date on policy, advanced information and news in the field. These health professionals had an overall positive …

Late Pleistocene Songbirds Of Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia); The First Fossil Passerine Fauna Described From Wallacea, Hanneke J.M Meijer, Rokus Awe Due, Thomas Sutikna, Wahyu Saptomo, - Jatmiko, Sri Wasisto, Matthew W. Tocheri, Gerald Mayr

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background Passerines (Aves: Passeriformes) dominate modern terrestrial bird communities yet their fossil record is limited. Liang Bua is a large cave on the Indonesian island of Flores that preserves Late Pleistocene-Holocene deposits (∼190 ka to present day). Birds are the most diverse faunal group at Liang Bua and are present throughout the stratigraphic sequence. Methods We examined avian remains from the Late Pleistocene deposits of Sector XII, a 2 x 2 m area excavated to about 8.5 m depth. Although postcranial passerine remains are typically challenging to identify, we found several humeral characters particularly useful in discriminating between groups, and …

The Pushtashan Juvenile Suprasubduction Zone Assemblage Of Kurdistan (Northeastern Iraq): A Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Neo-Tethys Missing Link, Sabah Ahmed Ismail, Sarmad A. Ali, Allen Phillip Nutman, Vickie C. Bennett, Brian G. Jones

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Pushtashan suprasubduction zone assemblage of volcanic rocks, gabbros, norites and peridotites occurs in the Zagros suture zone, Kurdistan region, northeastern Iraq. Volcanic rocks are dominant in the assemblage and consist mainly of basalt and basaltic andesite flows with interlayered red shale and limestone horizons. Earlier lavas tend to be MORB-like, whereas later lavas display island arc tholeiite to boninitic geochemical characteristics. Tholeiitic gabbros intrude the norites and display fractionation trends typical of crystallisation under low-pressure conditions, whereas the norites display calc-alkaline traits, suggesting their source included mantle metasomatised by fluids released from subducted oceanic crust. Enrichment of Rb, Ba, …

Unmanned Aircraft System Advances Health Mapping Of Fragile Polar Vegetation, Zbynek Malenovky, Arko Lucieer, Diana H. King, Johanna Turnbull, Sharon A. Robinson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

1. Plants like mosses can be sensitive stress markers of subtle shifts in Arctic and Antarctic environmental conditions, including climate change. Traditional ground-based monitoring of fragile polar vegetation is, however, invasive, labour intensive and physically demanding. High-resolution multispectral satellite observations are an alternative, but even their recent highest achievable spatial resolution is still inadequate, resulting in a significant underestimation of plant health due to spectral mixing and associated reflectance impurities.

2. To resolve these obstacles, we have developed a new method that uses low-altitude unmanned aircraft system (UAS) hyperspectral images of sub-decimeter spatial resolution. Machine-learning support vector regressions (SVR) were …

Telomere Dynamics In A Lizard With Morph-Specific Reproductive Investment And Self-Maintenance, Nicky Rollings, Christopher R. Friesen, Joanna Sudyka, Camilla M. Whittington, Mathieu Giraudeau, Mark R. Wilson, Mats M. Olsson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Telomeres in human fibroblasts shorten progressively during in vitro culturing and trigger replicative senescence. Furthermore, shortened telomeres can be used as biomarkers of disease. These observations have led to the suggestion that telomere dynamics may also be associated with viability and selection for life history variation in non-human taxa. Model systems to examine this suggestion would particularly benefit from the coexistence of multiple phenotypes within the same species with different life history trade-offs, since those could be compared in terms of telomere characteristics. This scenario also provokes the classic question of why one morph does not have marginally higher fitness …

Mapping And Exploring Variation In Post-Fire Vegetation Recovery Following Mixed Severity Wildfire Using Airborne Lidar:, Chris Gordon, Owen F. Price, Elizabeth M. Tasker

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

There is a public perception that large high-severity wildfires decrease biodiversity and increase fire hazard by homogenizing vegetation composition and increasing the cover of mid-story vegetation. But a growing literature suggests that vegetation responses are nuanced. LiDAR technology provides a promising remote sensing tool to test hypotheses about post-fire vegetation regrowth because vegetation cover can be quantified within different height strata at fine scales over large areas. We assess the usefulness of airborne LiDAR data for measuring post-fire mid-story vegetation regrowth over a range of spatial resolutions (10 x 10 m, 30 x 30 m, 50 x 50 m, 100 …

Dry Winter Primes Sydney Basin For Early Start Of Bushfire Season, Mathias M. Boer, Rachael H. Nolan, Ross A. Bradstock

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

It might feel like the depths of winter, but Australian fire services are preparing for an early start to the bushfire season. Sydney has been covered with smoke from hazard reduction burns, and the New South Wales Rural Fire Service has forecast a "horrific" season.

Stratospheric Ozone Intrusion Events And Their Impacts On Tropospheric Ozone In The Southern Hemisphere, Jesse Greenslade, Simon P. Alexander, Robyn Schofield, Jenny A. Fisher, Andrew K. Klekociuk

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Stratosphere-to-troposphere transport (STT) provides an important natural source of ozone to the upper troposphere, but the characteristics of STT events in the Southern Hemisphere extratropics and their contribution to the regional tropospheric ozone budget remain poorly constrained. Here, we develop a quantitative method to identify STT events from ozonesonde profiles. Using this method we estimate the seasonality of STT events and quantify the ozone transported across the tropopause over Davis (69° S, 2006-2013), Macquarie Island (54° S, 2004-2013), and Melbourne (38° S, 2004-2013). STT seasonality is determined by two distinct methods: a Fourier bandpass filter of the vertical ozone profile …

A Narrative Review Of Potential Treatment Strategies For Food Addiction, Shae-Leigh C. Vella, Nagesh B. Pai

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The concept of food addiction (FA) remains controversial with research being in the nascent stages; FA like any addiction can have a devastating impact on the lives of those afflicted. There exists a clinical need for treatment strategies for those affected. This article reviews potential treatment strategies for FA. The treatment strategies target four core behaviours of the addiction phenotype specifically craving through the opioid system, impulsivity as a personality trait, compulsivity through the serotonergic system and lastly motivation through the dopaminergic system. A range of pharmacological and psychological interventions are reviewed. Future research should seek to test and validate …

Recognition And Management Of Posterior Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Leigh D. White, Joshua Wall, Thomas M. Melhuish, Ruan Vlok, Astin Lee

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Characteristic electrocardiogram (ECG) features of posterior myocardial infarction (PMI) do not include typical ST-segment elevation and, therefore, carries the risk of delayed diagnosis and management. The aim of this study was to investigate how well PMIs are recognised and whether a lack of recognition translates to a larger infarction. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients sourced from a cardiac catheterisation database. Based on ECG analysis, patients included in this study included those meeting PMI criteria and those meeting ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) criteria as the control group. Door-to-balloon times were used as an outcome measure for differences in …

A Web-Based Public Health Intervention To Reduce Functional Impairment And Depressive Symptoms In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes (The Springboard Trial): Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol, Judy G. Proudfoot, Janine Clarke, Jane Gunn, Susan Fletcher, Samineh Sanatkar, Kay Wilhelm, Lesley V. Campbell, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Mark Fort Harris, Helen Lapsley, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, Helen Christensen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Depressive symptoms are common in people with type 2 diabetes and contribute to adverse health consequences that substantially impact social and vocational function. Despite the existence of effective depression treatments, the majority of people with type 2 diabetes do not access these when needed. Web-based alternatives to more traditional psychotherapies offer a potential solution to reducing the personal and economic burdens of type 2 diabetes. Objective: This paper outlines the protocol for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of myCompass, a Web-based public health psychotherapy intervention, in people with type 2 diabetes. Fully automated, interactive, and delivered via the Internet …

Feasibility Of Presurgical Exercise In Men With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Prostatectomy, Favil Singh, Robert U. Newton, Michael K. Baker, Nigel Spry, Dennis R. Taaffe, Jeffery Thavaseelan, Daniel A. Galvão

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Prostatectomy is associated with short- and long-term morbidity, which includes attenuation of muscle function and deterioration of lean body mass. Physical function is a known predictor of morbidity and mortality, with initial evidence indicating that presurgical exercise is associated with fewer postsurgical complications and shorter hospitalization. The aim was to determine the feasibility of a supervised presurgical exercise program for prostate cancer (PCa) patients scheduled for prostatectomy. Methods: Ten men (68+6.4 years old) with localized PCa undertook a 6-week resistance and aerobic exercise program prior surgery. Training was undertaken twice weekly and patients were assessed at baseline, presurgery, and …

Virtual Histological Assessment Of The Prenatal Life History And Age At Death Of The Upper Paleolithic Fetus From Ostuni (Italy), Alessia Nava, Alfredo Coppa, Donato Coppola, Lucia Mancini, Diego Dreossi, Franco Zanini, Federico Bernardini, Claudio Tuniz, Luca Bondioli

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The fetal remains from the Ostuni 1 burial (Italy, ca 27 ka) represent a unique opportunity to explore the prenatal biological parameters, and to reconstruct the possible patho-biography, of a fetus (and its mother) in an Upper Paleolithic context. Phase-contrast synchrotron X-ray microtomography imaging of two deciduous tooth crowns and microfocus CT measurements of the right hemimandible of the Ostuni 1b fetus were performed at the SYRMEP beamline and at the TomoLab station of the Elettra - Sincrotrone laboratory (Trieste, Italy) in order to refine age at death and to report the enamel developmental history and dental tissue volumes for …

Seasonal Total Methane Depletion In Limestone Caves, Chris Waring, S Hankin, David W. T Griffith, Michael Kertesz, Victoria Kobylski, Neil Wilson, Nicholas Coleman, Graham C. Kettlewell, Robert Zlot, Michael Bosse, Graham Bell

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Methane concentration in caves is commonly much lower than the external atmosphere, yet the cave CH₄ depletion causal mechanism is contested and dynamic links to external diurnal and seasonal temperature cycles unknown. Here, we report a continuous 3-year record of cave methane and other trace gases in Jenolan Caves, Australia which shows a seasonal cycle of extreme CH₄ depletion, from ambient ∼1,775 ppb to near zero during summer and to ∼800 ppb in winter. Methanotrophic bacteria, some newly-discovered, rapidly consume methane on cave surfaces and in external karst soils with lifetimes in the cave of a few hours. …

Validation Of Gosat Swir Xco2 And Xch4 Retrieved By Ppdf-S Method And Comparison With Full Physics Method, Chisa Iwasaki, Ryoichi Imasu, Andrey Bril, Tatsuya Yokota, Yukio Yoshida, Isamu Morino, Sergey Oshchepkov, Debra Wunch, David W. T Griffith, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Voltaire A. Velazco

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Column-averaged concentrations of carbon dioxide (XCO₂) and methane (XCH₄) were retrieved from spectra observed by the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) using the so-called Photon path length Probability Density Function-Simultaneous (PPDF-S) retrieval method, which explains cloud/aerosol effects in terms of light path modification. The PPDF-S data, as well as the standard products for General Users (GU) of XCO₂ and XCH₄ retrieved using the full physics (FP) method, were validated through comparison with Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) data. Results show that bias and its standard deviation of XCO₂ over the land are …

Quaternary Vertebrate Faunas From Sumba, Indonesia: Implications For Wallacean Biogeography And Evolution, Samuel Turvey, Jennifer Crees, James Hansford, Timothy Jeffree, Nick Crumpton, Iwan Kurniawan, Erick Setiyabudi, Thomas Guillerme, Umbu Paranggarimu, Anthony Dosseto, Gerrit D. Van Den Bergh

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Historical patterns of diversity, biogeography and faunal turnover remain poorly understood for Wallacea, the biologically and geologically complex island region between the Asian and Australian continental shelves. A distinctive Quaternary vertebrate fauna containing the small-bodied hominin Homo floresiensis, pygmy Stegodon proboscideans, varanids and giant murids has been described from Flores, but Quaternary faunas are poorly known from most other Lesser Sunda Islands. We report the discovery of extensive new fossil vertebrate collections from Pleistocene and Holocene deposits on Sumba, a large Wallacean island situated less than 50 km south of Flores. A fossil assemblage recovered from a Pleistocene deposit at …

Activity Of A Novel Protonophore Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, Nagendran Tharmalingam, Elamparithi Jayamani, Rajmohan Rajamuthiah, Dawilmer Castillo, Beth Fuchs, Michael J. Kelso, Eleftherios Mylonakis

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim: Compound 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-2-buten-1-one (compound 1) was identified as a hit against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain MW2.

Methods & results: The MIC of compound 1 against MRSA was 4 μg/ml. The compound showed enhanced activity at acidic pH by lowering bacterial intracellular pH and exhibited no lysis of human red blood cells at up to 64 μg/ml and its IC₅₀ against HepG2 cells was 32 μg/ml. The compound reduced 1-log₁₀ colony forming units of intracellular MRSA in macrophages and prolonged the survival of MRSA-infected Caenorhabditis elegans (p = 0.0015) and Galleria mellonella (p = 0.0002). …

Consecutive Reduction, Radical-Cyclization, And Oxidative-Dehydrogenation Reaction Of Ortho-Substituted Diboryl Compounds, Lirong Yu, Yanglizhi Li, Xi Wang, Xingyong Wang, Panpan Zhou, Shangda Jiang, Xiaobo Pan

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

An elegant synthetic route to a ladder-type di-borate compound 2a was reported based on the reduction, radical-cyclization, and oxidative-dehydrogenation reaction of 1. The existence of the biradical intermediate [1^●●]^2- was supported by both EPR measurements and DFT calculations.

Low-Dose Nitric Oxide As Targeted Anti-Biofilm Adjunctive Therapy To Treat Chronic Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection In Cystic Fibrosis, Robert P. Howlin, Katrina Cathie, Luanne Hall-Stoodley, Victoria Cornelius, Caroline Duignan, Raymond Allan, Bernadette Fernandez, Nicolas Barraud, Ken Bruce, Johanna Jefferies, Michael J. Kelso

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Despite aggressive antibiotic therapy, bronchopulmonary colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes persistent morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Chronic P. aeruginosa infection in the CF lung is associated with structured, antibiotic-tolerant bacterial aggregates known as biofilms. We have demonstrated the effects of non-bactericidal, low-dose nitric oxide (NO), a signaling molecule that induces biofilm dispersal, as a novel adjunctive therapy for P. aeruginosa biofilm infection in CF in an ex vivo model and a proof-of-concept double-blind clinical trial. Submicromolar NO concentrations alone caused disruption of biofilms within ex vivo CF sputum and a statistically significant decrease in ex vivo biofilm tolerance …

Patient-Centred Dietetic Care From The Perspectives Of Older Malnourished Patients, Emily Hazzard, Lilliana Barone, Michelle Mason, Kelly Lambert, Anne T. Mcmahon

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Governing organisations for health services currently recommend a patient-centred (PC) approach to practice for all health professions, including dietetics. For the vulnerable older malnourished patient, this approach needs to be prioritised to improve outcomes. The paucity of patient experience data likely limits evidence-based, patient-centred care (PCC) from being implemented effectively. The present study aimed to identify quality indicators of dietetic services from the perspectives of older malnourished patients to inform evidence-based PC dietetic care. Methods: Surveys were completed by a sample of 28 females and 28 males (mean age 81 years) who had been seen by a dietitian for …

Graduating Work-Ready Professionals: Research Competency As A Critical Curriculum Component, Kathryn M. Weston, Judy Mullan, Warren C. Rich, Shelley P. Crowther, John A. Bushnell, Peter L. Mclennan

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Research skills are fundamental to the building of the evidence basis of professional practice, are at the core of lifelong professional learning and are the keys to discovery, innovation and knowledge transfer. Research competency is thus increasingly recognised as an important educational goal for graduates in many professions. This paper describes a flexible program, adaptable to any professional course of study that allows students to engage in meaningful, scholarly and authentic research. Students are supported to undertake a research activity that spans the research continuum from development of a research question through to dissemination of findings, and strategic points in-between.

Enhancing The Get Healthy Information And Coaching Service For Aboriginal Adults: Evaluation Of The Process And Impact Of The Program, Eleanor G. Quinn, Blythe J. O'Hara, Nageen Ahmed, Scott F. Winch, Brian Mcgill, D Banovic, Michelle Maxwell, Christopher Rissel

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Non-communicable chronic diseases in Australia contribute to approximately 85% of the total burden of disease; this proportion is greater for Aboriginal communities. The Get Healthy Service (GHS) is effective at reducing lifestyle-based chronic disease risk factors among adults and was enhanced to facilitate accessibility and ensure Aboriginal cultural appropriateness. The purpose of this study is to detail how formative research with Aboriginal communities was applied to guide the development and refinement of the GHS and referral pathways; and to assess the reach and impact of the GHS (and the Aboriginal specific program) on the lifestyle risk factors of Aboriginal …

The Contribution Of Area-Level Walkability To Geographic Variation In Physical Activity: A Spatial Analysis Of 95,837 Participants From The 45 And Up Study Living In Sydney, Australia, Darren J. Mayne, Geoffrey Morgan, Bin B. Jalaludin, Adrian E. Bauman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Individual-level studies support a positive relation between walkable built environments and participation in moderate-intensity walking. However, the utility of this evidence for population-level planning is less clear as it is derived at much finer spatial scales than those used for regional programming. The aims of this study were to: evaluate if individual-level relations between walkability and walking to improve health manifest at population-level spatial scales; assess the specificity of area-level walkability for walking relative to other moderate and vigorous physical activity (MVPA); describe geographic variation in walking and other MVPA; and quantify the contribution of walkability to this …

Habitat Fragmentation Leads To Reduced Pollinator Visitation, Fruit Production And Recruitment In Urban Mangrove Forests, Tyge D. Hermansen, Todd E. Minchinton, David J. Ayre

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Mangrove forests worldwide undergo anthropogenic fragmentation that may threaten their existence, and yet there have been few tests of the effects of fragmentation on demographic processes critical for mangrove regeneration. Predicting the effects of habitat fragmentation on mangroves is problematic as pollinators may move more freely across water than terrestrial habitat, and propagules can be widely dispersed by water. Here, within each of two estuaries, we compared pollinator diversity and activity, reproductive effort and output, and rates of recruitment for sets of three large ( > 1500 trees), medium (300-500) and small ( < 50) stands. As predicted, most measures of reproductive activity and success were inversely related to stand size with large stands typically producing significantly more and larger fruit, and significantly more seedlings. Most strikingly, we found the effect of fragmentation on the abundance of pollinators (honeybees), the production and quality of fruit and the survival rate of seedlings to be similar, showing significant reduction of recruitment in small stands. This study provides the first rigorous evidence that recruitment of mangroves, like for many terrestrial plants, is negatively impacted by habitat fragmentation. From a management perspective, we argue that in the short term our data imply the importance of conserving the largest possible stands. However, additional work is needed to determine (1) the proportion of recruits within small stands that originate within large stands, (2) how seedling performance varies with fruit size and genotype, and (3) how seedling size and performance vary with the abundance and diversity of pollen.

Extensive Analysis Of Native And Non-Native Centaurea Solstitialis L. Populations Across The World Shows No Traces Of Polyploidization, Ramona Irimia, Daniel Montesinos, Ozkan Eren, Christopher Lortie, Kris French, Lohengrin Cavieres, Gaston Sotes, Jose Hierro, Andreia Jorge, Joao Loureiro

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Centaurea solstitialis L. (yellow starthistle, Asteraceae) is a Eurasian native plant introduced as an exotic into North and South America, and Australia, where it is regarded as a noxious invasive. Changes in ploidy level have been found to be responsible for numerous plant biological invasions, as they are involved in trait shifts critical to invasive success, like increased growth rate and biomass, longer life-span, or polycarpy. C. solstitialis had been reported to be diploid (2n=2x=D16 chromosomes), however, actual data are scarce and sometimes contradictory. We determined for the first time the absolute nuclear DNA content by flow cytometry and estimated …

High-Resolution Hyperspectral Imaging Of Diagenesis And Clays In Fossil Coral Reef Material: A Nondestructive Tool For Improving Environmental And Climate Reconstructions, Richard Murphy, Jody M. Webster, Luke Nothdurft, Belinda Dechnik, Helen V. Mcgregor, Madhavi A. Patterson, Kelsey Sanborn, Gregory E. Webb, Lisa I. Kearney, Llewellyn Rintoul, Dirk V. Erler

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Hyperspectral imagery (1000-2500 nm) was used to quantitatively map carbonate and clay minerals in fossil reef cores that are relevant to accurately reconstructing past environmental and climatic conditions. Techniques were developed using hyperspectral imagery of fossil reef corals and cores acquired from three different geological settings, and were validated against independent measures of calcite to aragonite ratios. Aragonite, calcite, and dolomite were distinguished using a combination of the wavelength position and asymmetry of the primary carbonate absorption between 2300 and 2350 nm. Areas of core containing small amounts of calcite (>2-5%) were distinguished from aragonite in imagery of two …

Transitioning Into New Clinical Areas Of Practice: An Integrative Review Of The Literature, Grant Kinghorn, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Terence John Froggatt, Stuart Dm Thomas

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aims and objectives: To critically synthesise research related to the transition of registered nurses into new areas of clinical practice.

Background: Global workforce shortages and rising healthcare demands have encouraged registered nurses to move into new clinical settings. While a body of literature reports on the transition of newly qualified nurses, evidence surrounding the transition of more experienced registered nurses to new clinical areas remains poorly explored.

Design: An integrative review was conducted, guided by Whittemore and Knafl (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52, 2005, 546) framework.

Methods: An electronic database search was conducted for papers published between 1996-2016. Papers were …

The Impact Of N, N′-Ditopic Ligand Length And Geometry On The Structures Of Zinc-Based Mixed-Linker Metal-Organic Frameworks, Andrew D. Burrows, Siobhan Chan, William Gee, Mary F. Mahon, Christopher Richardson, Viorica Sebestyen, Domenyk Turski, Mark Warren

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Combining Zn(NO₃)₂·6H 2 O with a series of dicarboxylic acids in the presence of the N,N′-ditopic ligand di(4-pyridyl)-1H-pyrazole (Hdpp) results in a series of mixed-linker metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that have been crystallographically characterised. The reaction with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H₂bdc) gives [Zn₂bdc)₂(Hdpp)₂]·2DMF 1, which shows Zn₂(μ-carboxylate)₂(carboxylate)₂ secondary building units (SBUs) linked by bdc ligands into sheets, and these are pillared by the Hdpp linkers into a doubly-interpenetrated three-dimensional network. The reaction with 1,4-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid (H₂ndc-1,4) gives two products: [Zn …

An Update On Ozone Profile Trends For The Period 2000 To 2016, Wolfgang Steinbrecht, Lucien Froidevaux, Ryan Fuller, Ray Wang, John Anderson, Chris Roth, Adam E. Bourassa, Doug A. Degenstein, Robert Damadeo, Joe M. Zawodny, Nicholas B. Jones

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Ozone profile trends over the period 2000 to 2016 from several merged satellite ozone data sets and from ground-based data measured by four techniques at stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change indicate significant ozone increases in the upper stratosphere, between 35 and 48 km altitude (5 and 1 hPa). Near 2 hPa (42 km), ozone has been increasing by about 1.5 % per decade in the tropics (20° S to 20° N), and by 2 to 2.5 % per decade in the 35 to 60° latitude bands of both hemispheres. At levels below 35 km …

Role Of Cys(I)-Cys(Iii) Disulfide Bond On The Structure And Activity Of Α-Conotoxins At Human Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Nargis Tabassum, Han Shen Tae, Xinying Jia, Quentin Kaas, Tao Jiang, David J. Adams, Rilei Yu

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

α-Conotoxins preferentially antagonize muscle and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Native α-conotoxins have two disulfide links, C_I-C_III and C_II-C_IV, and owing to the inherent properties of disulfide bonds, α-conotoxins have been systematically engineered to improve their chemical and biological properties. In this study, we explored the possibility of simplifying the disulfide framework of α-conotoxins Vc1.1, BuIA, ImI, and AuIB, by introducing [C2H,C8F] modification to the C_I-C_III bond. We therefore explored the possibility of using hydrophobic packing of standard amino acid side chains to replace disulfide bonds as an alternative strategy to …