Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Ciliated Airway Cells Show Increased Susceptibility To Haemophilus Influenzae Biofilm Formation, Woolf Walker, Claire Jackson, Raymond Allan, Samuel Collins, Michael J. Kelso, Ardeshir Rineh, Nageshwar Rao Yepuri, Ben Nicholas, Laurie Lau, David Johnston, Peter Lackie, Saul Faust, Jane Lucas, Luanne Hall-Stoodley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common pathogen in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) patients. We hypothesised that abnormal ciliary motility and low airway nitric oxide (NO) levels on airway epithelial cells from PCD patients might be permissive for NTHi colonisation and biofilm development. We used a primary epithelial cell co-culture model to investigate NTHi infection. Primary airway epithelial cells from PCD and non-PCD patients were differentiated to ciliation using an air-liquid interface culture and then co-cultured with NTHi. NTHi adherence was greater on PCD epithelial cells compared to non-PCD cells ( p < 0.05) and the distribution of NTHi on PCD epithelium showed more aggregated NTHi in biofilms (p < 0.001). Apart from defective ciliary motility, PCD cells did not significantly differ from non-PCD epithelial cells in the degree of ciliation and epithelial integrity or in cytokine, LL-37 and NO production. Treatment of PCD epithelia using exogenous NO and antibiotic significantly reduced NTHi viability in biofilms compared with antibiotic treatment alone. Impaired ciliary function was the primary defect in PCD airway epithelium underlying susceptibility to NTHi biofilm development compared with non-PCD epithelium. Although NO responses were similar, use of targeted NO with antibiotics enhanced killing of NTHi in biofilms, suggesting a novel therapeutic approach.

Phenomenography: Alignment With Personal Recovery In Mental Health Nursing, Natalie A. Cutler, Lorna Moxham, Moira Stephens

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

For more than four decades, people with lived experience of mental health concerns have been redefining the concept of recovery. No longer just synonymous with cure, recovery is understood in contemporary terms as a personal journey; a process. This process is known as personal recovery. A desire to work in alignment with the principles of personal recovery, while exploring the ways in which the phenomenon of safety is understood by people who have experienced acute mental health inpatient admission, led the authors to apply the research approach known as phenomenography. The aim of this paper is to propose the ways …

Seeing Through The Magnetite: Reassessing Eoarchean Atmosphere Composition From Isua (Greenland) ≥3.7 Ga Banded Iron Formations, Allen Phillip Nutman, Vickie C. Bennett, Clark R. L Friend

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Estimates of early atmosphere compositions from metamorphosed banded iron formations (BIFs) including the well-studied ≥3.7 BIFs of the Isua supracrustal belt (Greenland) are dependent on knowledge of primary versus secondary Fe-mineralogical assemblages. Using new observations from locally well preserved domains, we interpret that a previously assumed primary redox indicator mineral, magnetite, is secondary after sedimentary Fe-clays (probably greenalite) ± carbonates. Within ∼3.7 Ga Isua BIF, pre-tectonic nodules of quartz + Fe-rich amphibole ± calcite reside in a fine-grained (≤100 μm) quartz + magnetite matrix. We interpret the Isua nodule amphibole as the metamorphosed equivalent of primary Fe-rich clays, armoured from …

The Orbiting Carbon Observatory (Oco-2) Tracks 2-3 Peta-Gram Increase In Carbon Release To The Atmosphere During The 2014-2016 El Niño, Prabir K. Patra, David Crisp, Johannes W. Kaiser, Debra Wunch, Tazu Saeki, Kazuhito Ichii, Takashi Sekiya, Paul O. Wennberg, Dietrich G. Feist, David F. Pollard, David W. T Griffith, Voltaire A. Velazco

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The powerful El Niño event of 2015-2016 - the third most intense since the 1950s - has exerted a large impact on the Earth's natural climate system. The column-averaged CO₂ dry-air mole fraction (XCO₂) observations from satellites and ground-based networks are analyzed together with in situ observations for the period of September 2014 to October 2016. From the differences between satellite (OCO-2) observations and simulations using an atmospheric chemistry-transport model, we estimate that, relative to the mean annual fluxes for 2014, the most recent El Niño has contributed to an excess CO₂ emission from the Earth's …

Gender Differences Measured By The Matrics Consensus Cognitive Battery In Chronic Schizophrenia Patients, Bao Hua J. Zhang, Mei Han, Shuping Tan, Fu-De Yang, Yunlong Tan, Shurong Jiang, Xiangyang Zhang, Xu-Feng Huang

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), previous study showed significant gender differences for cognitive deficits in immediate and delayed memory in schizophrenia patients. However, RBANS does not include reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. These cognitive functions can significantly affect the outcomes and daily life in patients. This study examined the gender differences of cognition using the measurement and treatment research to improve cognition in schizophrenia (MATRICS) consensus cognitive battery (MCCB), especially focusing on reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition in schizophrenia patients. The results showed that healthy controls exemplified better cognition than patients …

Chronic Venous Insufficiency: The Role Of Venous Obstruction And Treatment Options, Laurencia Villalba

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Abnormal venous reflux caused by venous incompetence has been the dominant concept in chronic venous insufficiency; however, the pivotal role of iliac venous obstructive lesions is now well recognised. Greater consideration should be given to investigating obstructive lesions when treating patients with venous ulcers, recurrent venous thrombosis and unresolved venous disease such as pelvic congestion syndrome.

Sperm Motility Activation In The Critically Endangered Booroolong Frog: The Effect Of Medium Osmolality And Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors, Aimee J. Silla, Leesa Keogh, Phillip G. Byrne

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Effective activation of sperm motility is fundamental to successful artificial fertilisation; however, studies investigating optimal procedures in amphibians are lacking. This study found the optimal osmolality of activation media for sperm motility activation and evaluated the effect of phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors on sperm activation and longevity in the critically endangered booroolong frog, Litoria booroolongensis. To assess the effect of medium osmolality (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 200 mOsmol kg−1) and PDE inhibitors (control, 2.5 mM caffeine, 5 mM caffeine, 2.5 mM pentoxifylline, 5 mM pentoxifylline, 2.5 mM theophylline and 5 mM theophylline) on initial activation, percentage sperm motility and …

Correspondence: Reply To 'Numerical Modelling Of The Perm Anomaly And The Emeishan Large Igneous Province', Nicolas Flament, Simon E. Williams, R. Dietmar Muller, Michael Gurnis, Dan J. Bower

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Tectonic plates and plate boundaries migrate substantially through time and mantle plumes are generally accepted to be mobile within the convecting mantle, but it has been proposed that large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) could have been fixed and rigid for as much as 540 million years (Myr) The hypotheses of fixed and rigid LLSVPs cannot be easily tested in the absence of constraints on the past location of lowermost mantle structures. We evaluated the hypothesis of lower mantle thermochemical structure fixity with numerical experiments. As in earlier studies, we argue11 that the location of lower mantle thermochemical structures has …

New Zealand Supereruption Provides Time Marker For The Last Glacial Maximum In Antarctica, Nelia Dunbar, Nels Iverson, Alexa Van Eaten, Michael Sigl, Brent V. Alloway, Andrei Kurbatov, Larry Mastin, Joseph R. Mcconnell, Colin Wilson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Multiple, independent time markers are essential to correlate sediment and ice cores from the terrestrial, marine and glacial realms. These records constrain global paleoclimate reconstructions and inform future climate change scenarios. In the Northern Hemisphere, sub-visible layers of volcanic ash (cryptotephra) are valuable time markers due to their widespread dispersal and unique geochemical fingerprints. However, cryptotephra are not as widely identified in the Southern Hemisphere, leaving a gap in the climate record, particularly during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Here we report the first identification of New Zealand volcanic ash in Antarctic ice. The Oruanui supereruption from Taupo volcano (25,580 …

Technologies For The Control Of Heat And Light In The Vézère Valley Aurignacian, Randall White, Romain Mensan, Amy E. Clark, Elise Tartar, Laurent Marquer, Raphaelle Bourrillon, Paul Goldberg, Laurent Chiotti, Catherine Cretin, William Rendu, Anne Pike-Tay, Sarah Ranlett

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We can trace the beginnings of our knowledge of early Upper Paleolithic (Aurignacian) use of fire to the pioneering 1910-1911 excavations at Abri Blanchard undertaken by Louis Didon and Marcel Castanet. At Blanchard, the excavators recognized and described fire structures that correspond in many ways to features excavated more recently in Western and Central Europe. Here, we address the issue of heat and light management in the early Upper Paleolithic, demonstrating a pattern that builds on these early excavations but that is refined through our recent field operations. Topics to be discussed include (1) recently excavated fire structures that suggest …

How Did Hominins Adapt To Ice Age Europe Without Fire?, Harold L. Dibble, Aylar Abodolahzadeh, Vera Aldeias, Paul Goldberg, Shannon P. Mcpherron, Dennis M. Sandgathe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Analyses of archaeological material recovered from several Middle Paleolithic sites in southwest France have provided strong corroborating data on Neanderthal use of fire. Both direct and indirect data show that Neanderthals in this region were frequently and/or intensively using fire during warmer periods, but such evidence declines significantly in occupations that took place during colder periods. One possible explanation for this pattern is that it reflects the inability of Western European Neanderthals to make fire, simply because natural sources of fire occur much more frequently during warmer climatic periods. Regardless of the explanation, the long periods of diminished evidence of …

Atmospheric Mercury In The Southern Hemisphere Tropics: Seasonal And Diurnal Variations And Influence Of Inter-Hemispheric Transport, Dean Howard, Peter Nelson, Grant Edwards, Anthony Morrison, Jenny A. Fisher, Jason Ward, James Harnwell, Marcel Van Der Schoot, Brad Atkinson, Scott Chambers, Alan Griffiths, Sylvester Werczynski, Alastair G. Williams

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Mercury is a toxic element of serious concern for human and environmental health. Understanding its natural cycling in the environment is an important goal towards assessing its impacts and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Due to the unique chemical and physical properties of mercury, the atmosphere is the dominant transport pathway for this heavy metal, with the consequence that regions far removed from sources can be impacted. However, there exists a dearth of long-Term monitoring of atmospheric mercury, particularly in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere. This paper presents the first 2 years of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) measurements taken at …

Exploring Hominin And Non-Hominin Primate Dental Fossil Remains With Neutron Microtomography, Clement Zanolli, Burkhard Schillinger, Amelie Beaudet, Ottmar Kullmer, Roberto Macchiarelli, Lucia Mancini, Friedemann Schrenk, Claudio Tuniz, Vladimira Vodopivec

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Fossil dental remains are an archive of unique information for paleobiological studies. Computed microtomography based on X-ray microfocus sources (X-μCT) and Synchrotron Radiation (SR-μCT) allow subtle quantification at the micron and sub-micron scale of the meso- and microstructural signature imprinted in the mineralized tissues, such as enamel and dentine, through high-resolution "virtual histology". Nonetheless, depending on the degree of alterations undergone during fossilization, X-ray analyses of tooth tissues do not always provide distinct imaging contrasts, thus preventing the extraction of essential morphological and anatomical details. We illustrate here by three examples the successful application of neutron microtomography (n-μCT) in cases …

Winners And Losers As Mangrove, Coral And Seagrass Ecosystems Respond To Sea-Level Rise In Solomon Islands, Simon Albert, Megan L. Saunders, Chris M. Roelfsema, Javier X. Leon, Elizabeth Johnstone, Jock R. Mackenzie, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Alistair R. Grinham, Stuart R. Phinn, Norman C. Duke, Peter J. Mumby, Eva Kovacs, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

A 2007 earthquake in the western Solomon Islands resulted in a localised subsidence event in which sea level (relative to the previous coastal settings) rose approximately 30-70 cm, providing insight into impacts of future rapid changes to sea level on coastal ecosystems. Here, we show that increasing sea level by 30-70 cm can have contrasting impacts on mangrove, seagrass and coral reef ecosystems. Coral reef habitats were the clear winners with a steady lateral growth from 2006-2014, yielding a 157% increase in areal coverage over seven years. Mangrove ecosystems, on the other hand, suffered the largest impact through a rapid …

Photoelectron Spectrum And Energetics Of The Meta-Xylylene Diradical, Mathias Steglich, Victoria Custodis, Adam J. Trevitt, Gabriel Da Silva, A Bodi, Patrick Hemberger

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The meta-xylylene diradical m-C₈H₈ is a prototypical organic triplet that represents a building block for organic molecule-based magnets and also serves as a model compound for test and refinement of quantum chemical calculations. Flash vacuum pyrolysis of 1,3-bis-iodomethyl-benzene (m-C₈H₈I₂) produces m-C 8 H 8 in gas phase; we used photoelectron spectroscopy to probe the first two electronic states of the radical cation, and resolve the vibrational fine structure of the ground state band. The determined adiabatic ionization energy of m-C₈H₈ is (7.27 ± 0.01) …

What Do Children Need To Know About Dementia? The Perspectives Of Children And People With Personal Experience Of Dementia, Jess Baker, Yun-Hee Jeon, Belinda J. Goodenough, Lee-Fay Low, Christine Bryden, Karen Hutchinson, Laura Richards

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: The vision for dementia-friendly communities is challenged by limited public awareness and stigma about dementia. The study aim was to elicit stakeholder priorities for the message content of an education program to improve dementia awareness among youth; specifically, what do children need to know about dementia?

Methods: A qualitative inquiry using interviews and focus groups was used. Purposive sampling achieved maximum variation in dementia experience and participant characteristics. Focus groups with Scouts in the community aged 9-12 years old (n = 22) used innovative techniques to explore children's attitudes towards people with dementia. Participants with personal experience …

Explainer: Hydrofluorocarbons Saved The Ozone Layer, So Why Are We Banning Them?, Jenny A. Fisher, Stephen R. Wilson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

On October 28, Australia ratified the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol. Australia is the tenth country to ratify, joining others as diverse as Mali, Norway and Rwanda in a global commitment to dramatically reduce hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in the atmosphere. Once 20 countries have ratified the amendment, it will become binding. HFCs were designed specifically to replace ozone-destroying compounds previously used in air conditioners and refrigerants. Unfortunately, we now know that HFCs are massively potent greenhouse gases - thousands of times more powerful than carbon dioxide (albeit released in far smaller quantities).

The Role Of Deep Earth Dynamics In Driving The Flooding And Emergence Of New Guinea Since The Jurassic, Lauren Harrington, Sabin Zahirovic, Nicolas Flament, R. Dietmar Muller

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The paleogeography of New Guinea indicates fluctuating periods of flooding and emergence since the Jurassic, which are inconsistent with estimates of global sea level change since the Eocene. The role of deep Earth dynamics in explaining these discrepancies has not been explored, despite the strongly time-dependent geodynamic setting within which New Guinea has evolved. We aim to investigate the role of subduction-driven mantle flow in controlling long-wavelength dynamic topography and its manifestation in the regional sedimentary record, within a tectonically complex region leading to orogeny. We couple regionally refined global plate reconstructions with forward geodynamic models to compare trends of …

Digital Reconstruction Of The Ceprano Calvarium (Italy), And Implications For Its Interpretation, Fabio Di Vincenzo, Antonio Profico, Federico Bernardini, Vittorio Cerroni, Diego Dreossi, Stefan Schlager, Paola Zaio, Stefano Benazzi, Italo Biddittu, Mauro Rubini, Claudio Tuniz, Giorgio Manzi

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Ceprano calvarium was discovered in fragments on March 1994 near the town of Ceprano in southern Latium (Italy), embedded in Middle Pleistocene layers. After reconstruction, its morphological features suggests that the specimen belongs to an archaic variant of H. heidelbergensis, representing a proxy for the last common ancestor of the diverging clades that respectively led to H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens. Unfortunately, the calvarium was taphonomically damaged. The postero-lateral vault, in particular, appears deformed and this postmortem damage may have influenced previous interpretations. Specifically, there is a depression on the fragmented left parietal, while the right cranial wall is …

Development Of Advanced Practice Competency Standards For Dietetics In Australia, Claire Palermo, Sandra Capra, Eleanor J. Beck, Janeane Dart, J Conway, Susan Ash

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim: This study aimed to explore the work roles, major tasks and core activities of advanced practice dietitians in Australia to define the Competency Standards for advanced practice. Methods: A qualitative approach was used to review advanced dietetic practice in Australia involving experienced professionals, mostly dietitians. Four focus groups were conducted with a total of 17 participants and an average of 20 years experience: 15 dietitian practitioners plus 2 employers (1 dietitian and 1 non-dietitian). The focus groups explored the key purpose, roles and outcomes of these practitioners. Data from the focus groups were confirmed with in-depth interviews about their …

Interdisciplinary Model Of Care (Radicals) For Early Detection And Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) In Australian Primary Care: Study Protocol For A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Jennifer Yameng Liang, Michael J. Abramson, Nicholas Arnold Zwar, Grant Russell, Anne Holland, Billie Bonevski, Ajay Mahal, Benjamin Van Hecke, Kirsten Phillips, Paula Eustace, Eldho Paul, Kate Petrie, Sally Wilson, Johnson George

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Introduction Up to half of all smokers develop clinically significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Gaps exist in the implementation and uptake of evidencebased guidelines for managing COPD in primary care. We describe the methodology of a cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) evaluating the efficacy and costeffectiveness of an interdisciplinary model of care aimed at reducing the burden of smoking and COPD in Australian primary care settings. Methods and analysis A cRCT is being undertaken to evaluate an interdisciplinary model of care (RADICALS - Review of Airway Dysfunction and Interdisciplinary Community-based care of Adult Long-term Smokers). General practice clinics across …

An Integrative Review Of The Methodology And Findings Regarding Dietary Adherence In End Stage Kidney Disease, Kelly Lambert, Judy Mullan, Kylie J. Mansfield

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Dietary modification is an important component of the management of end stage kidney disease (ESKD). The diet for ESKD involves modifying energy and protein intake, and altering sodium, phosphate, potassium and fluid intake. There have been no comprehensive reviews to date on this topic. The aims of this integrative review were to (i) describe the methods used to measure dietary adherence (ii) determine the rate of dietary adherence and (iii) describe factors associated with dietary adherence in ESKD. Methods: The Web of Science and Scopus databases were searched using the search terms 'adherence' and 'end stage kidney disease'. Of …

Gut Microbiota Of A Long-Distance Migrant Demonstrates Resistance Against Environmental Microbe Incursions, Alice Risely, David Waite, Beata Ujvari, Marcel Klaassen, Bethany J. Hoye

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Migratory animals encounter suites of novel microbes as they move between disparate sites during their migrations, and are frequently implicated in the global spread of pathogens. Although wild animals have been shown to source a proportion of their gut microbiota from their environment, the susceptibility of migrants to enteric infections may be dependent upon the capacity of their gut microbiota to resist incorporating encountered microbes. To evaluate migrants' susceptibility to microbial invasion, we determined the extent of microbial sourcing from the foraging environment and examined how this influenced gut microbiota dynamics over time and space in a migratory shorebird, the …

A Conceptual Approach To Integrate Management Of Ecosystem Service And Disservice In Coastal Wetlands, Jon M. Knight, Pat Dale, Patrick Dwyer, Samuel K. Marx

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Management of coastal wetlands is increasingly difficult because of increasing pressure arising from anthropogenic causes. These include sea level and climate change as well as coastline development caused by population growth and demographic shifts, for example, amenity migration where people move to coastal communities for lifestyle reasons. Management of mangroves and salt marshes is especially difficult because maintaining ecosystem values, including the goods and services provided, is countered by the potential of enhancing or even creating ecosystem disservices, such as unpleasant odour and mosquito hazards. Here we present, explain and apply a conceptual model aimed at improving understanding of management …

Contributions Of The Troposphere And Stratosphere To Ch4 Model Biases, Zhiting Wang, Thorsten Warneke, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Justus Notholt, Ute Karstens, Marielle Saunois, Matthias Schneider, Ralf Sussmann, Harjinder Sembhi, David W. T Griffith, David F. Pollard, Rigel Kivi, Christof Petri, Voltaire A. Velazco, M Ramonet, Huilin Chen

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Inverse modelling is a useful tool for retrieving CH₄ fluxes; however, evaluation of the applied chemical transport model is an important step before using the inverted emissions. For inversions using column data one concern is how well the model represents stratospheric and tropospheric CH₄ when assimilating total column measurements. In this study atmospheric CH4 from three inverse models is compared to FTS (Fourier transform spectrometry), satellite and in situ measurements. Using the FTS measurements the model biases are separated into stratospheric and tropospheric contributions. When averaged over all FTS sites the model bias amplitudes (absolute model to FTS …

Diatrack Particle Tracking Software: Review Of Applications And Performance Evaluation, Pascal Vallotton, Antoine M. Van Oijen, Cynthia B. Whitchurch, Vladimir Gelfand, Leslie Yeo, Georgios Tsiavaliaris, Stephanie Heinrich, Elisa Dultz, Karsten Weis, David Grünwald

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Object tracking is an instrumental tool supporting studies of cellular trafficking. There are three challenges in object tracking: the identification of targets; the precise determination of their position and boundaries; and the assembly of correct trajectories. This last challenge is particularly relevant when dealing with densely populated images with low signal-to-noise ratios-conditions that are often encountered in applications such as organelle tracking, virus particle tracking or single-molecule imaging. We have developed a set of methods that can handle a wide variety of signal complexities. They are compiled into a free software package called Diatrack. Here we review its main features …

Comparison Of The Gosat Tanso-Fts Tir Ch4 Volume Mixing Ratio Vertical Profiles With Those Measured By Ace-Fts, Esa Mipas, Imk-Iaa Mipas, And 16 Ndacc Stations, Kevin S. Olsen, Kimberly Strong, K Walker, C D. Boone, P Raspollini, Johannes Plieninger, Whitney Bader, Stephanie Conway, Michel Grutter, James W. Hannigan, Frank Hase, Nicholas B. Jones, Martine De Maziere, Justus Notholt, Matthias Schneider, D Smale, Ralf Sussmann, Naoko Saitoh

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The primary instrument on the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) is the Thermal And Near infrared Sensor for carbon Observations (TANSO) Fourier transform spectrometer (FTS). TANSO-FTS uses three short-wave infrared (SWIR) bands to retrieve total columns of CO₂ and CH₄ along its optical line of sight and one thermal infrared (TIR) channel to retrieve vertical profiles of CO₂ and CH₄ volume mixing ratios (VMRs) in the troposphere. We examine version 1 of the TANSO-FTS TIR CH₄ product by comparing co-located CH₄ VMR vertical profiles from two other remote-sensing FTS systems: the Canadian Space Agency's …

Chronic Psychological Stress Was Not Ameliorated By Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid (Epa), Joanne Bradbury, S Myers, Barbara J. Meyer, Lyndon Brooks, Jonathan M. Peake, Andrew J. Sinclair, Con Stough

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background: Chronic psychological stress and mental health disorders are endemic in Western culture where population dietary insufficiencies of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3FA) from seafood have been observed. Objective: This study was designed to test for a causal relationship between one of the most active components of fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and chronic psychological stress. Method: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial with parallel-assignment to two groups was designed (Trial Id: ACTRN12610000404022). The interventions were four EPA-rich fish oil capsules per day, delivering 2.2 g/d EPA (and 0.44 g/d DHA), or identical placebo (low-phenolic olive oil capsules with 5% fish …

Patients' Attitudes Towards Chaperone Use For Intimate Physical Examinations In General Practice, Lucie C. Stanford, Andrew D. Bonney, Rowena G. Ivers, Judy Mullan, Warren C. Rich, Bridget R. Dijkmans-Hadley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

BACKGROUND: The objective of this article is to investigate patients' attitudes to the use of chaperones for intimate physical examinations (IPEs) in a sample of Australian general practices. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of adult patients from 13 randomly selected general practices in regional New South Wales was conducted between September and November 2012. Generalised linear mixed models were used for analysis. RESULTS: Of 780 surveys distributed, 687 (88%) were returned; the age range was 18-91 years and 356 (52%) were from female patients. Most women had never had a chaperone present for a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear (82.6%). Between 23% and …

Photolysis And Uv/H2o2 Of Diclofenac, Sulfamethoxazole, Carbamazepine, And Trimethoprim: Identification Of Their Major Degradation Products By Esi-Lc-Ms And Assessment Of The Toxicity Of Reaction Mixtures, Sultan Alharbi, Jinguo Kang, Long D. Nghiem, Jason P. Van De Merwe, Frederic Leusch, William E. Price

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The photolysis of diclofenac (DCF), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), carbamazepine (CBZ), and trimethoprim (TMP) was investigated using a low-pressure (LP) mercury ultraviolet (UV) lamp (254nm) and a combination of UV with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). For each experiment, 5mg/L of each pharmaceutical was prepared in pure water and individually degraded by either UV alone or UV/H₂O₂. DCF and SMX were highly susceptible to UV treatment and completely degraded to below their LC-MS detection limit (1μg/L) after only 8min of UV irradiation. TMP and CBZ were more resistant to UV treatment, with only 58.2 and 25.2% …