Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A Discretized Approach To Flexibly Fit Generalized Lambda Distributions To Data, Steve Su

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article presents a flexible approach to fit statistical distribution to data. It optimizes the bin-width of data histogram to find a suitable generalized lambda distribution. In addition to the default optimization, this approach provides additional flexibility akin to the concepts of loess and kernel smoothing, which allow the users to determine the amount of details they would like to smooth over the data. The approach presented in this article will allow users to visually compare and choose the parameters of generalized lambda distribution that best suit their purposes of study.

Type I Error Of Four Pairwise Mean Comparison Procedures Conducted As Protected And Unprotected Tests, J. Jackson Barnette, James E. Mclean

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Type I error control accuracy of four commonly used pairwise mean comparison procedures, conducted as protected or unprotected tests, is examined. If error control philosophy is experimentwise, Tukey’s HSD, as an unprotected test, is most accurate and if philosophy is per-experiment, Dunn-Bonferroni, conducted as an unprotected test, is most accurate.

A Bayesian Subset Analysis Of Sensory Evaluation Data, Balgobin Nandram

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

In social sciences it is easy to carry out sensory experiments using say a J-point hedonic scale. One major problem with the J-point hedonic scale is that a conversion from the category scales to numeric scores might not be sensible because the panelists generally view increments on the hedonic scale as psychologically unequal. In the current problem several products are rated by a set of panelists on the J-point hedonic scale. One objective is to select the best subset of products and to assess the quality of the products by estimating the mean and standard deviation response …

Estimating The Slope Of Simple Linear Regression In The Presence Of Outliers, Mohammed Al-Haj Ebrahem, Amjad D. Al-Nasser

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

In this article, an estimation procedure to simple linear regression in the presence of outliers is proposed. The performance of the proposed estimator, the AM estimator, is compared with other traditional estimators: least squares, Theil type repeated median, and geometric mean. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed estimator. Simulation results indicate that the proposed estimator is accurate and has a high precision in the presence of outliers.

Testing For Aptitude-Treatment Interactions In Analysis Of Covariance And Randomized Block Designs Under Assumption Violations, Tim Moses, Alan Klockars

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This study compared the robustness of two analysis strategies designed to detect Aptitude-Treatment Interactions to two of their similarly-held assumptions, normality and residual variance homogeneity. The analysis strategies were the test of slope differences in analysis of covariance and the test of the Block-by- Treatment interaction in randomized block analysis of variance. With equal sample sizes in the treatment groups the results showed that residual variance heterogeneity has little effect on either strategy but nonnormality makes the test of slope differences liberal and the test of the Block-by-Treatment interaction conservative. With unequal sample sizes in the treatment groups the often-reported …

Selection Of Independent Binary Features Using Probabilities: An Example From Veterinary Medicine, Ludmila I. Kuncheva, Zoë S.J. Hoare, Peter D. Cockcroft

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Supervised classification into c mutually exclusive classes based on n binary features is considered. The only information available is an n×c table with probabilities. Knowing that the best d features are not the d best, simulations were run for 4 feature selection methods and an application to diagnosing BSE in cattle and Scrapie in sheep is presented.

Nonparametric Pooling And Testing Of Preference Ratings For Full-Profile Conjoint Analysis Experiments, Rosa Arboretti G., Marco Marozzi, Luigi Salmaso

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The problem of pooling customer preference ratings within a conjoint analysis experiment has been addressed. A method based on the nonparametric combination of rankings has been proposed to compete with the usual method based on the arithmetic mean. This method is nonparametric with respect to the underlying dependence structure and so no dependence model must be assumed. The two methods have been compared using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and related test. Moreover, a further nonparametric testing method has been considered and proposed; this method takes both correlation and distance between ranks into account. By means of a simulation study it …

Kim And Warde’S Mixed Randomized Response Technique For Complex Surveys, Amitava Saha

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The randomized response (RR) technique introduced by Warner (1965) was found to be an effective method for reducing answer bias and ensuring better respondent cooperation in estimating the proportion of people in a community bearing a sensitive attribute. Chaudhuri (2001a, 2001b, 2002, 2003) extended Warner’s method and several other well-known RR devices to complex surveys adopting a varying probability sampling design. Kim and Warde (2004) proposed an RR model assuming that the sample is selected with simple random sampling (SRS) with replacement (SRSWR). Here, the method of estimation is presented when sample is chosen with varying selection probabilities and Kim …

A Nonrigorous Approach Of Incorporating Sensitizing Rules Into Multivariate Control Charts, Michael B. C. Khoo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Multivariate control charts are becoming more important in the monitoring of processes in manufacturing industries because the quality of a process is usually determined by several correlated variables (quality characteristics). The most popular multivariate process control procedure is based on the Hotelling control chart. It is used to monitor the mean vector of a process. A nonrigorous approach of using four sensitizing rules is introduced to improve the performance of a conventional Hotelling chart. The use of these rules on a conventional Hotelling chart do not require a transformation of the T² statistics into normal random variables. Thus, the …

Inference On (Y < X) In A Pareto Distribution, M. Masoom Ali, Jungsoo Woo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Inference on the reliability R = P(Y < X) in a Pareto distribution with a known scale parameter is considered. Point estimates and confidence intervals of R are obtained a test of hypothesis is also considered.

Power Of The T Test For Normal And Mixed Normal Distributions, Marilyn S. Thompson, Samuel B. Green, Yi-Hsin Chen, Shawn Stockford, Wen-Juo Lo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Previous research suggests that the power of the independent-samples t test decreases when population distributions are mixed normal rather than normal, and that robust methods have superior power under these conditions. However, under some conditions, the power for the independent-samples t test can be greater when the population distributions for the independent groups are mixed normal rather than normal. The implications of these results are discussed.

Sample Size Selection For Pair-Wise Comparisons Using Information Criteria, Xuemei Pan, C. Mitchell Dayton

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This article provides results for rates of correct identifications of paired-comparison information criteria and Tukey HSD as functions of the pattern of mean differences and of sample size. Therefore, the tables provided are useful for selecting sample sizes in real world applications.

Statistical Pronouncements Iv, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

Jmasm21: Pcic_Sas: Best Subsets Using Information Criteria, C. Mitchell Dayton, Xuemei Pan

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

PCIC_SAS is a SAS program for identifying optimal subsets of means based on independent groups. All possible configurations of ordered subsets of groups are considered and a best model is identified using both the AIC and BIC information criteria. Results for models with homogeneous variances as well as models with heterogeneity of variance in the same pattern as the means are reported.

Jmasm20: Exact Permutation Critical Values For The Kruskal-Wallis One-Way Anova, Justice I. Odiase, Sunday M. Ogbonmwan

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The exhaustive enumeration of all the permutations of the observations in an experiment is the only possible way of truly constructing exact tests of significance. The permutation paradigm requires no distributional assumptions and works well with values that are normal, almost normal and non-normally distributed. The Kruskal-Wallis test does not require the assumptions that the samples are from normal populations and that the samples have the same standard deviation. In this article, the exact permutation distribution of the Kruskal-Wallis test statistic is generated empirically by actually obtaining all the distinct permutations of an experiment. The tables of exact critical values …

Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimation For Latent Variable Models With Mixed Continuous And Polytomous Data, Jens C. Eickhoff

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Latent variable modeling is a multivariate technique commonly used in the social and behavioral sciences. The models used in such analysis relate all observed variables to latent common factors. In many situations, however, some outcome variables are in polytomous form while other outcomes are measured on a continuous scale. Maximum likelihood estimation for latent variable models with mixed polytomous and continuous outcomes is computationally intensive and may become difficult to implement in many applications. In this article, a computationally practical, yet efficient, Quasi- Maximum Likelihood approach for latent variable models with mixed continuous and polytomous variables is proposed. Asymptotic properties …

End Matter, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

2015 And The Rise Of China: Power Cycle Analysis And The Implications For Australia, Dylan Kissane

Dylan Kissane

Research undertaken at the University of South Australia has produced a reformulated power cycle theory which balances both military and economic capabilities of actors, producing a graphical representation of the relative distribution of power. For the period between 2000 and 2030, this model suggests that China will continue to rise in power at the expense of the United States, achieving power parity in 2014 and overtaking the sole remaining superpower in 2015. This article introduces the power cycle method, extrapolates forecasts from collected sampling and suggests implications for Australia of an international environment where its principal ally is no longer …

Curves, Conflict And Critical Points: Rethinking Power Cycle Theory For The 21st Century, Dylan Kissane

Dylan Kissane

Power cycle theory, arising primarily from the work of Charles F. Doran, determines a sovereign state’s relative share of total power within a wider system of like states. Using unweighted measures of national material capabilities across five indicators, the power cycle method allows the analyst to estimate the relative hierarchical position of each state in a defined system or set of states, the rapidity of each state’s rise and decline in relative power and to forecast the likely future for each state in the system under review. The mapped ‘curve of relative power’ for a state also allows the analyst …

Uma História Política Da Transição Brasileira: Da Ditadura Militar À Democracia, Adriano Codato

Adriano Codato

This article discusses Brazilian political history, from the military-political coup in 1964 through Fernando Henrique Cardoso´s second presidential term. Written in the form of an explanatory summary, three themes are joined in a narrative on the transition from a military dictatorship to a liberal democratic regime: the military, the political and the bureaucratic. We seek to establish causal inferences linking content, methods and the reasons for and meaning of political change beginning in 1974 with the quality of the democratic regime as it emerged during the 1990s. Our explanation is premised on the need to analyze two different but interconnected …

The Problem Of Moral Dirigisme: A New Argument Against Moralistic Legislation, Mario Rizzo

Mario Rizzo

This Article applies a theory of rational choice to moral decisionmaking. In this theory, agents act primarily on local and personal knowledge to instantiate moral principles, virtues and moral goods. The State may seek to prevent them from acting as they independently determine by prescribing or proscribing certain conduct by formal legal means. If its purpose is to ensure that people act morally or become better persons, we call this “moral dirigisme.” Our thesis is that the need to use decentralized knowledge to determine the moral status of an act makes the task of the moral dirigiste well-neigh impossible. The …

Financial Crisis In Turkey, Political Economy Papers: 53, Madrid, Gary S. Sander

Gary S Sander

In the last decade the Turkish economy was hit by two crises. This paper we will discus answers these questions. What are the causes of the 1994 and 2001 crisis? Could the financial crisis have been avoided? What are the lessons that can be drawn from these crises?

La Internacionalización De Los Centros Históricos, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El presente artículo busca desarrollar la idea de que los centros históricos sólo pueden entenderse en el marco de ciertas relaciones particulares, una de las cuales se define en el ámbito internacional. Y si llega a esta condición por el grado de las funciones de centralidad que tiene, Se parte de la premisa que el concepto centro es relativo, en el sentido que para ser tal debe definirse en un ámbito específico de relaciones: siempre se es centro de algo que lo contiene. En el caso que nos ocupa, el ámbito de la centralidad se define según el intensidad de …

Challenges Documenting Early Era Regional Leaders, Danelle L. Moon

Danelle L. Moon

No abstract provided.

Editorial Comment: The London Terrorist Attacks: 7 And 21, July 2005, Brian F. Kingshott

Brian F. Kingshott

There is great uncertainty about when and under what circumstances there is a need for a presentence report prior to the sentencing of a young offender. To clear up this confusion, various judgements have addressed the matter. It emerged as a general rule that presentencing reports 'should' be obtained for all offenders under the age of 18 years. However, a court is obliged to obtain a presentence report if a young offender under the age of 18 years: has committed a serious offence, or has previous convictions, or when a sentence of imprisonment, including suspended imprisonment, is about to be …

Klipsun Magazine 2005, Volume 36, Issue 02 - November, Jessica R. Evans

Klipsun Magazine

I'm a lists person. I get a strange delight from checking little Nike signs on my daily list of "Things to do."

This issue's stories of triumph, surrender and hope inspired me to create an ongoing list — a list of things to do before I die. Learning 12 languages, solving local hunger and playing the mandolin, while extra­ ordinary, don't occupy a spot on the list. Other topics, however, such as mystery, money, romance and reli­gion, definitely beg a place.

My list will surely grow just as Klipsun's reper­toire will. But when my time is up, those little tingles …

City Of Fort Hancock, Texas Incorporation In Texas, Daniel J. Quiñones

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

New Expression: November 2005 (Volume 28, Issue 10), Columbia College Chicago

New Expression

November 2005, Volume 28, Issue 10, edition of New Expression, a news publication researched, contributed, written, and edited by Chicago high school journalists

Africa Organizing Manual: Peace With Justice Educational Tour, Prexy Nesbitt

Rozell 'Prexy' Nesbitt Writings and Speeches

Prexy Nesbitt, a Chicago-based anti-apartheid activist and educator, authored this book prepared for the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC) Peacebuilding Unit African Program based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was edited by Imani Countess. 42 pages.

Challenges Documenting Early Era Regional Leaders, Danelle L. Moon

Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.