Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

South Africa: Youth Centers: A Costly Way To Provide Reproductive Health Services, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

Numerous reproductive health programs sponsor youth centers, which provide recreation and job-skills training as a means of attracting young people to seek reproductive health services or information. However, the productivity, cost, and cost-effectiveness of this approach are not clearly documented. In 2000, FRONTIERS conducted a cost analysis as part of a larger study on the effectiveness of three different youth center models in South Africa. The study focused on 8 of the 12 centers included in the larger study, chosen to be representative of each model. All the selected centers offered clinical services, seven also offered reproductive health information or …

Guatemala: On-Site Training And Outreach Increases Demand For And Provision Of Vasectomy, Frontiers In Reproductive Health

Reproductive Health

About one-third of Guatemalan women use modern contraceptives and half of these use female sterilization. Despite the strong demand for permanent methods, vasectomy is used by less than 1 percent of all couples. An ineffective service introduction model contributes to the low use of vasectomy. In the traditional model, doctors are sent to a hospital (often abroad) where a relatively high number of vasectomies are performed, and the trainee performs at least five supervised vasectomies. In their home practice, however, trained doctors frequently find a low demand and, unable to routinely perform vasectomies, soon lose their enthusiasm and surgical skills. …

Childhood Among The Etruscans: Mortuary Programs At Tarquinia As Indicators Of The Transition To Adult Status, Marshall Joseph Becker

Anthropology & Sociology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Children With Developmental Disabilities : Considering Positive Impact On The Family System, Tracie L. Self

Graduate Research Papers

Families who have at least one child with a developmental disability face challenges unique to their situation. With reported incidents of developmental disabilities on the rise, research parameters are being expanded to give more complete consideration of growing family needs. While the historical treatment of these families has often been negative, current research trends have begun to consider positive impact on families.

Positive impact includes areas such as quality of life, the child as a source of happiness, and an overall increase in personal family strength. The trend towards positivism is beginning to be reflected in theoretical understanding and in …

Health Care Financing Reform : A Socio-Economic Perspective, Lok Sang Ho

Centre for Public Policy Studies : CPPS Working Paper Series

This paper reviews some of the recent literature and experiences in healthcare reform in the light of the peculiarities of human nature. The review suggests that successful healthcare financing reform boils down to working out a cost/risk-sharing formula between government and citizens that can effectively preserve the incentives for efficient utilization of healthcare resources and for preventive care, while limiting the financial risk of citizens. The paper will also address issues arising from aging and redistributive concerns, as well as political and administrative feasibility.

The Use Of Play Therapy With Adult Survivors Of Childhood Abuse, Mary J. Roehrig

Dissertations

Problem. A growing trend among therapists is the use of play therapy interventions with adult clients to facilitate resolution of early childhood trauma and to promote emotional and spiritual growth. The purpose of this study was to explore the use and effectiveness of play therapy techniques with adult survivors of childhood abuse.

Method. In an exploratory approach, therapists were invited to participate in an online survey. Of the participating therapists, 21 agreed to a subsequent in-depth interview. The Theme Analysis for Word-Rich Data was used to identify themes from the interviews.

Results. Play therapy with adult survivors of childhood abuse …

Performance In Non-Face-To-Face Collaborative Information Environments, Brooke Schaab, J. Douglas Dressel, Mark A. Sabol, Andrea L. Lassiter

Psychology Department Publications

Using technology to obtain and process information requires training not only in human-computer interaction but also in human-human-computer (collaborative) interaction. Warfighters must not only develop their own situational awareness (SA), they must understand each others’ SA (Pew, 1995). This common ground is what each collaboration participant assumes about the others to ensure effective interactions (Ross, 2003; Wellons, 1993). Communication is key. Collaborators must coordinate and share information. Collaboration influences military operations at all levels. Technical interoperability is not enough to produce the synchronization required.

Environmental And Social Service Charities: Private And Public Sources Of Funding, Garth Heutel

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

Benefits, Costs And Rules Of Decentralization, Roy W. Bahl

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

Intergovernmental Transfers: The Vertical Sharing Dimension, Roy W. Bahl, Sally Wallace

ECON Publications

There is both a horizontal and a vertical dimension to the structure of an intergovernmental transfer (Bahl and Linn, 1992). The vertical share is the total pool of funds to be allocated to subnational governments, while the horizontal shares are the amounts received by individual subnational governments. Most research (and most political attention) is devoted to the latter. The subject of this paper is vertical sharing. We are interested in the question of whether the claim of subnational governments (SNG) on national revenues has been increasing over time. This research paper therefore investigates three issues. The first is the trend …

Fiscal Reform In Spain Accomplishments And Challenges: Introduction, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez, Jose Felix Sanz-Sanz

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

The Spanish Tax Reform: Overview And Lessons, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

No abstract provided.

From Income Tax To Consumption Tax? The Case Of Jamaica, Roy W. Bahl, Sally Wallace

ECON Publications

Over the past decade, a number of countries have shifted to single-rate tax systems with broader bases and lower rates. In the U.S., there continues to be discussion of the merits of a consumption tax, and of base-broadening reforms to the income tax system. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how, over time, a conventional income tax could be converted to a flat-rate consumption tax in a developing country. The value of this analysis, we hope, comes with the use of a real-world situation (Jamaica), which allows us to focus on the detail that determines the feasibility of …

Comprehensive Tax Reform In Jamaica, Roy W. Bahl, Sally Wallace

ECON Publications

When the fiscal situation of a country gets too far out of control, government will often call for a comprehensive review of the tax system to try to get back on a sustainable path. Jamaica is just such a case. The Government of Jamaica called in 2005 for a tax reform to address the fiscal problems. The articles in this special issue of Public Finance Review, and this overview, describe the analytic work that was undertaken to support Jamaica’s comprehensive tax reform efforts. The contributions here are in the approach taken, in the analytic work, and in the lessons …

Sequencing Fiscal Decentralization Reform, Roy W. Bahl, Jorge Martinez-Vazquez

ECON Publications

Drawing on international experience, a set of process steps a newly decentralizing country may consider as it implements a plan for public sector reform.

The Effect Of Massed And Spaced Presentation And Practice On Repetition Priming, Catherine Mcneilly

Theses : Honours

This review examines the current literature with regard to repetition priming and practice. The empirical research and theoretical accounts of repetition priming reviewed indicate that repetition priming increases with practice. The review also indicates that an effect for the type of presentation of the stimuli during an experiment exists and that this effect may moderate the influence of practice on repetition priming. The variations in experimental design between studies are discussed, providing a possible explanation for contrasting findings within repetition priming research. Further research is identified and discussed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Massed …

Israeli Immigration: An Analysis, Kevin Mills

Global Tides

Israel is one of the most unique sociological experiments of immigration and assimilation in the modern world. Since its formation in 1948, Israel has depended on immigration of the Jewish Diaspora for nearly its entire population and continues to grant automatic citizenship to Jews hailing from all countries of the globe. The country has an official policy of assimilation and does not recognize ethnic differences among Jews. Such a situation has made Israel one of the most culturally pro-immigrant countries in the entire world. However, recent influxes of culturally diverse Jewish populations from the former USSR have emigrated to Israel …

An Innocent Murder? The Laws Of International Armed Conflict And The 2006 Tragedy At Qana, Brendan Groves

Global Tides

In the early morning of June 30, 2006, Israeli warplanes struck a civilian apartment complex in Qana, Lebanon, killing some 28 persons, none of whom were thought to have been Hezbollah militants. Footage of the attack was streamed instantly across the world, leading many to decry Israel’s tactics in its conflict against Hezbollah. But did the attack actually violate the Laws of International Armed Conflict? Or, worse, does the attack epitomize the notion of an innocent murder—terrible, perhaps immoral, but lawful? Furthermore, do Hezbollah’s violations of the LOIAC excuse reactionary violations by Israel? This paper offers an analysis of the …

Fiasco: The American Military Adventure In Iraq By Thomas E. Ricks, Kevin Mills

Global Tides

A book review of Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq (2006) by Thomas E. Ricks.

Edgefield Pottery, Jill Beute Koverman

Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Communities Of Heritage — Southern Contributions, Jill Beute Koverman

Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

An Organizational Analysis Of The Reference Department, Thomas Cooper Library, University Of South Carolina, Travis Ferrell, Rae Kammerer, Asima Mahdi

Student Publications

This report is the product of a semester-long study for course 768, Problems in Library and Information Agency Administration at the University of South Carolina’s School of Library and Information Science.

The purpose of this study was to do an in-depth analysis of the Reference Department at the University of South Carolina’s Thomas Cooper Library. A number of methods of factgathering were employed in the performance of this analysis, including:

• a literature review of the trends, changes and methods of evaluation for reference services nationwide;

• an investigation of the recent history, organization and leadership of Thomas Cooper Library …

To Market, To Market: The Supervisory Skills And Managerial Competencies Most Valued By New Library Supervisors, Jennifer Weil Arns, Carol Price

Faculty Publications

ALA-accredited schools of library and information science produce several thousand new librarians yearly, and many of these graduates are assigned supervisory responsibilities relatively early in their careers. Most have responsibility for facilitating the work of others, preparing budgets, planning and evaluating programs, making staffing decisions, and maintaining the safety and security of assets that include funds, related property, and library buildings. Others find themselves in leadership roles that require interfacing with other organizations, mobilizing community support, and representing their organizations to their users and supporters.

Experience suggests that the approach of these librarians to their supervisory duties and the success …

The Multi-Family Myth: Exploring The Fiscal Impacts Of Apartments In The Suburbs, Dorothy Ives-Dewey

Geography & Planning Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Activity Theory: A Framework For Qualitative Analysis, Nor Hazlina Hashim, M. L. Jones

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper aims to provide readers with a useful introduction to Activity Theory, regardless of their field of study. Examples are given which include areas of research such as: information systems development, information systems in organizations, health care, and education. Activity Theory is a theoretical framework for the analysis and understanding of human interaction through their use of tools and artefacts. Activity Theory offers a holistic and contextual method of discovery that can be used to support qualitative and interpretative research. Activity Theory is particularly relevant in situations that have a significant historical and cultural context and where the participants, …

The Perceptions Of The Singaporean Manager Class Regarding The Role And Effectiveness Of Internal Audit In Singapore, C. S.L. Yee, A. Sujan, K. James

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

In recent times the “dominant paradigm” (Al-Twaijry et al., 2003, p. 524) of internal auditing (IA) as attest function has been largely supplanted by the “business partner” model. Under the business partner model of “modern” IA, internal auditors are seen as consultants who work with senior management to recommend improvements to business processes. We survey a group of Singaporean managers to assess their perceptions about both the role and effectiveness of IA within Singapore. Overall, our results support the assertion that the Singaporean managerial class strongly appreciates the new role of “modern” IA, as “business partner”. Unlike in Saudi Arabia …

Question Stability In Brand Image Measurement - Comparing Alternative Answer Formats And Accounting For Heterogeneity In Descriptive Models., Sara Dolnicar, Bettina Grun

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

High quality image data on how consumers perceive brands is essential to make good brand management decisions. Prior studies reveal that brand images are not very reliable, as they are typically measured in industry, which might be due to the answer format typically used (Rungie et al., 2005). The practical implication is that brand image data — as currently collected in consumer surveys — is not a valid source of market information. We challenge this implication. Using three measures of stability we test whether the binary answer format produces image data less reliable than alternative formats. We investigate whether the …

Tacit Knowledge, Explicability And Creativity: A Study Of The Australian Film Industry, I. Alony, M. L. Jones

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper explores the links between the sharing of tacit knowledge, the explication of tacit knowledge, and creativity, in the Australian Film Industry (AFI). Subject to harsh conditions including staff turnover, tight budgets and schedule constraints, the AFI does not formulate repositories of explicit knowledge. Instead, it relies on the sharing of tacit knowledge for its success. In this setting, the explication of tacit knowledge is studied. Two concepts arise from the qualitative data, and are explored in this paper. (1) Tacit knowledge has various levels of explicability, which can be conceptualized by an ‘Explicability Zone’. (2) There is a …

A Toolbox For Public Relations: The Oeuvre Of Michel Foucault, Judith Motion, S. R. Leitch

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

In this article, we provide a brief introduction to the work of Michel Foucault. Our focus is on the major themes of Foucault’s work: discourse, power/knowledge and subjectivity. We demonstrate the rich contribution that Foucauldian theory can make to public relations practice and scholarship by moving beyond a focus on excellence towards an understanding of public relations as a discourse practice with power effects.

Corporate Brands And Social Brands: Co-Branding Gm-Free And Uk Supermarkets, S. R. Leitch, S. Davenport

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

In this paper we introduce the concept of “social brands” and examine the potential for co-branding between corporate brands and social brands to enhance or damage the value of corporate brands. Co-branding has been theorized in terms of the relationship between the brands of organizations, products and services. However, from a discourse perspective, issues may also be understood to function as what we term “social brands” that may be incorporated in a co-branding strategy. We deploy Leitch and Richardson’s (2003) brand web model to analyze the potential benefits and dangers of forming co-branded relationships with social brands. We draw on …