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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Examining The Interrelations Between Rational Choice Inputs: Implications For Criminological Theory And Research, Benjamin Hamilton Nov 2023

Examining The Interrelations Between Rational Choice Inputs: Implications For Criminological Theory And Research, Benjamin Hamilton

Dissertations

An essential component of any rational choice theory of criminal behavior is the notion that crime decisions are driven by an individual’s expected gains and losses to illicit activities. More specifically, offenders are typically presumed to balance the pleasures of the various benefits to crime against the pains associated with crime’s risks and costs, the presumption being that the offender will pursue criminal acts in the event he or she believes the expected utility to crime exceeds that which can be achieved through strictly legal means. Although criminologists have managed to test some of the more basic implications of this …

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Staff Attitude And Library Environment As Predictors Of Users’ Satisfaction In Public University Libraries In Abia And Imo States., Lazarus Njoku Nov 2023

Staff Attitude And Library Environment As Predictors Of Users’ Satisfaction In Public University Libraries In Abia And Imo States., Lazarus Njoku

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study Staff Attitude and Library Environment as Predictors of Users’ Satisfaction in Public University Libraries in Abia and Imo States. Two research questions were asked and two hypotheses formulated to guide the study. The research design adopted for the investigation is correlational design. The population of the study was 5,294. The sample size for this study is 378. Research questions were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correction (PPMC) and hypotheses tested with t-test as 0.05 level of significance. The major findings of the study are: there is a significant positive very high extent of correlation between staff attitude and …

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11.20.2023 Orsp Newsletter, Liz Williamson Nov 2023

11.20.2023 Orsp Newsletter, Liz Williamson

ORSP Newsletter

ORSP Newsletter for the week of November 20, 2023.

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Cedarville Magazine, Fall 2023: Overcoming Darkness With Light, Cedarville University Nov 2023

Cedarville Magazine, Fall 2023: Overcoming Darkness With Light, Cedarville University

Cedarville Magazine

No abstract provided.

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The Social And Emotional Experiences Of Gen Z Who Are Caring For An Older Family Member, Alisa C. Norris Nov 2023

The Social And Emotional Experiences Of Gen Z Who Are Caring For An Older Family Member, Alisa C. Norris

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

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Casar Public Lecture: The Gaza War: Implications For The United States And Egypt, The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar Nov 2023

Casar Public Lecture: The Gaza War: Implications For The United States And Egypt, The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar

Performances, Events, and Presentations

Director of CASAR Professor Mark W. Deets, also a current member of the History department of AUC specialist in African Studies acted as moderator for this Event. CASARs two guest panelists in this discussion were visiting scholar Professor David Dumke and Professor Karim Hagag. Dumke is the Executive Director of the Office of Global Perspectives & International Initiatives at the University of Central Florida (UCF). He teaches Middle East history, U.S. foreign policy, and American politics, and “has written extensively on these subjects.” He also is host and executive producer of WUCF-TV’s award-winning Global Perspectives (Public Broadcasting Service). Dumke spent …

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Introduction To The China Landpower Studies Center, Richard D. Butler Nov 2023

Introduction To The China Landpower Studies Center, Richard D. Butler

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Welcome to the Director’s Corner for the China Landpower Studies Center (CLSC). This will be a regular feature in Parameters that will discuss critical military and security issues related to China, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). It will also highlight the Center’s research agenda and key activities. My objective in this first installment is to outline the purpose, organization, capabilities, research agenda, and expected products of the Center.

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Unlocking Careers: M.A.T. Students Land Premium Athletic Placements, Mark D. Weinstein Nov 2023

Unlocking Careers: M.A.T. Students Land Premium Athletic Placements, Mark D. Weinstein

News Releases

Gaining real-world experience can set a college student’s career on a higher trajectory. Students in Cedarville University’s Master of Athletic Training program (M.A.T.) program are not just getting internship opportunities — they are securing positions with some of Ohio's most recognizable athletic programs.

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From The Editor In Chief, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii Nov 2023

From The Editor In Chief, Antulio J. Echevarria Ii

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Welcome to the Winter 2023–24 issue of Parameters. This issue opens with two In Focus commentaries offering observations from the Russia-Ukraine War, two forums addressing deterrence and strategic influence, and the inaugural Director’s Corner for the China Landpower Studies Center (CLSC).

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“No One’S Hearing Me”: A Grounded Theory Case Study Of One University's Institutional Discourse And Women Staff Perceptions Of Campus Climate, Lorianne Crowder Nov 2023

“No One’S Hearing Me”: A Grounded Theory Case Study Of One University's Institutional Discourse And Women Staff Perceptions Of Campus Climate, Lorianne Crowder

Student Theses

This qualitative case study explores the relationship between institutional discourse and women staff perceptions of campus climate at one public university. Through a critically informed grounded theory approach, findings revealed how ambiguous institutional values functioned as empty signifiers which, while aimed at creating the image of inclusivity, were subject to various interpretations that may have fostered conditions for the dismissal of care ethics and relational knowledge expressed by women staff. Embedded hierarchies also persisted, shaping recognition of women staff along gendered, racialized, and professional lines. Despite exclusionary discourse cultivating climates of epistemic marginalization, women staff exhibited agency through connection and …

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How To Improve Application Technology System?, Han Jiang, Weichuang Fang Nov 2023

How To Improve Application Technology System?, Han Jiang, Weichuang Fang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

One of the ways to break through the middle-technology trap is to require enterprises or institutions to transform basic scientific research into applied technology, which cannot be separated from the support of application technology systems. It has proven that a perfect application technology system is conducive to enhancing the country’s scientific and technological strength. China’s technological innovation has a clear application orientation, nevertheless, there are still some shortcomings in the application technology system. The constraints of traditional institutional mechanisms still exist, the contradiction between planned and market economic measures has not been completely resolved; research and application are relatively independent, …

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How To Bypass Middle-Technology Trap: Lessons From Successful Experience Of East Asian Economies, Ge Lai, Zilan Huang, Haoyan Yuan Nov 2023

How To Bypass Middle-Technology Trap: Lessons From Successful Experience Of East Asian Economies, Ge Lai, Zilan Huang, Haoyan Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the second half of the 20th century, a few East Asian economies successfully bypassed the middle-technology trap through technological progress and industrial upgrading. How could these economies utilize foreign technology, thereby catching up with and surpassing the medium level of technological development, stepping into the edge of technological frontier? Their successful experience can be used by China to stride over the trap. This study analyzes the common elements of the success of these economies from both external and internal aspects. Externally, these economies happened to be benefited from an international business environment that is open and free. Consequently, the …

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The 14-Day Rule For In Vitro Human Embryo Research Requires Adjustment: From A Comprehensive Perspective Of Science, Ethics And Policy Research, Xiao Lu, Ming Zhao, Huihui Liu, Tianqing Li, Tao Tan, Weizhi Ji Nov 2023

The 14-Day Rule For In Vitro Human Embryo Research Requires Adjustment: From A Comprehensive Perspective Of Science, Ethics And Policy Research, Xiao Lu, Ming Zhao, Huihui Liu, Tianqing Li, Tao Tan, Weizhi Ji

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since it was proposed, in vitro human embryo research had been following the 14-day rule, which limited in vitro research on human embryos within 14 days after fertilization. With the advancement in embryo culturing technology, this ethical rule has been greatly challenged. In 2021, the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) recommended a conditional extension of the existing time limit in ISSCR Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, hence the international scientific community has restarted the debate on the 14-day rule. This study systematically analyzed the historical background and controversies of the 14-day rule ethical regulation of …

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The Contributions Of Mental Health Issues, Traumatic Brain Injury, And Adverse Childhood Experiences To Recidivism Among Rural Jail Incarcerees, Lauren N. Miley Nov 2023

The Contributions Of Mental Health Issues, Traumatic Brain Injury, And Adverse Childhood Experiences To Recidivism Among Rural Jail Incarcerees, Lauren N. Miley

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Recidivism should be a major concern, particularly for American jails. The Unites States incarcerates 2.3 million people, a number exceeding rates in any other country. Approximately 90% of those individuals will reenter society at some point, and roughly half of those people will ultimately return to jail. This revolving door costs U.S. taxpayers upwards of $39 billion per year, and undermines public safety. Therefore, breaking this cycle of incarceration and recidivism is of utmost concern, and the focus of this dissertation. Mental health problems, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are three potential risk factors for recidivism …

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Parameters Winter 2023-24 Full Issue, Usawc Press Nov 2023

Parameters Winter 2023-24 Full Issue, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

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Policy Research On Allocation Of Science And Technology Funds For State Key Laboratory After Reorganization, Bo Zhang, Xue Wang, Congli Sun Nov 2023

Policy Research On Allocation Of Science And Technology Funds For State Key Laboratory After Reorganization, Bo Zhang, Xue Wang, Congli Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The state key laboratory is an important component of the national strategic scientific and technological strength. The CPC Central Committee made a major decision to reorganize the state key laboratory system, proposed to increase investment in the reorganized state key laboratory, and to reform support policies. Aiming to achieve sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels, studying the funds allocation of state key laboratory in the new era has important practical and far-reaching significance. In the previous practice, China’s allocation of funds for state key laboratory has 4 problems, such as weak correlation between fund allocation and the mission orientation …

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How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?, Yongnian Zheng Nov 2023

How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?, Yongnian Zheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No matter from the perspective of supply chain, industrial chain or value chain, China’s current technology is generally at a middle-technology level. The status quo of Chinese technological development has the following three characteristics. First, there is a lack of original technology, which means technological creation from “0 to 1”. Second, technological development is mainly applied technology. If we measure China’s level of applied technology development from “1 to 10”, China is in the position of “4 to 7” on the scale of “1 to 10”, but lacks the technical level of “8 to 10”. In other words, China’s applied …

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Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status, Ge Lai, Bo Meng Nov 2023

Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status, Ge Lai, Bo Meng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

After years of development, it is evident that China’s manufacturing industry has been seen a significant improvement in its scale and coverage. However, it has still not broken free from the dilemma of being big but not strong, comprehensive but not excellent. This phenomenon has garnered extensive attention from both the academic and policy communities. This study contends that technological progress is the core of high-quality development in the manufacturing industry. Through empirical research, it is discovered that for latecomer countries in the early stages of economic development, achieving economic growth and income improvement through technology imitation is relatively feasible. …

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Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System, Lu Chen, Ping Huang Nov 2023

Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System, Lu Chen, Ping Huang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Through an analysis of the scientific research institution and R&D system of three typical models in the United States, Germany, and Japan, this study summarizes six common characteristics of the scientific research institution and R&D system. Based on this, it analyzes the current status and issues of China’s scientific research institution and R&D system. Finally, this study proposes the establishment of a dual-track scientific research institution and R&D system. On the one hand, it suggests creating a new track of R&D policies aimed at the private sector to address questions like why innovate, where to innovate, and how to innovate …

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How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?, Randong Yuan Nov 2023

How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?, Randong Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

A major pillar of the new innovation-driven three-pronged development model is pure basic research. With the development of an innovation-driven economy, pure basic research has become increasingly important in promoting scientific and technological progress. In the past few decades, China has made a lot of progress in pure basic research. However, in the new three-pronged development model consisting of the pure basic research system, the applied technology system and the financial support system, pure basic research is generally where China’s weakness lies. This study proposes that in order to comprehensively improve China’s pure basic research capabilities, we must first clarify …

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Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China, Randong Yuan Nov 2023

Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China, Randong Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

One of the conditions for breaking through the middle-technology trap is that there are some companies or institutions that could transform basic research into applied technologies. The progress of applied technology, as well as the inventions and new products and services produced by the applied technology system, play an important role in increasing productivity, improving quality of life, and promoting social and economic development. Different from the situation in basic scientific research, China’s applied technology used to be among the most advanced in the world in history. It was not until the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century …

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Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights, Xuanming Pan, Aiwen Liu Nov 2023

Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights, Xuanming Pan, Aiwen Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Innovation needs financial support. In the process of basic research and the transformation of applied technology, finance plays an important role. The risk appetite of the traditional financial system, however, fails to match with the financial demand of technology innovation. By contrast, venture capital fills the gaps in meeting the demand for funds, and simultaneously, plays the role of value discovery, guides the direction of research and development, and so on. In recent years, while China’s venture capital has developed rapidly, the venture capital system still needs to be improved. This study compares and analyzes the global representative models including …

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How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?, Rui Tan Nov 2023

How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?, Rui Tan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Due to China’s great attention to and strong support for the chip industry, China’s chip technology level has made considerable progress. Nevertheless, compared with the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and other countries, there is still a big gap. Specially, in the high-end chip product market, the scenario that China is subject to others has not been fundamentally changed. This study finds that to solve the stuck neck problem of China’s chip industry, it is needed to analyze internal institutional factors. China’s chip technology progress requires joint promotion from multiple actors, namely, government, enterprises, universities and research institutions to …

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How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?, Yongnian Zheng, Lanmeng Xu Nov 2023

How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?, Yongnian Zheng, Lanmeng Xu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As the main body of a country’s economic activities, enterprises play an important role in transforming basic scientific research into applied technology to achieve technological upgrading of national industries. It is crucial to explore how Chinese enterprises can achieve rapid technological upgrading and industrial transformation in order to realize the transition from quantitative economic development to high-quality economic development. It is worth noting that in key technological fields such as chips, precision manufacturing, medical devices, and artificial intelligence, core technologies are still firmly controlled by enterprises in developed countries such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and South Korea. Currently, …

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Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands, Dongni He, Da Yi Nov 2023

Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands, Dongni He, Da Yi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Building regional scientific and technological innovation highlands is an important solution to the problem of the middle-technology trap. Scientific and technological innovation highlands play significant roles on and carry out major tasks such as breaking through original technological innovation barriers, facilitating efficient conversion of scientific and technological fruits, attracting and gathering global high-end innovation factors, and creating an open and competitive innovation ecosystem. They serve as leaders, pioneers, and experimental fields in promoting the country to transcend the middle-technology trap. In this regard, this study attempts to review and summarize relevant literature on regional innovation systems, elucidate the role of …

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Probe Into Mental Health Issues Caused By Major Natural Disasters And Crisis Interventions, Yankun Sun, Yimiao Gong, Xuebing Huang, Ying Qian, Siwei Sun, Hongguang Chen, Lin Lu Nov 2023

Probe Into Mental Health Issues Caused By Major Natural Disasters And Crisis Interventions, Yankun Sun, Yimiao Gong, Xuebing Huang, Ying Qian, Siwei Sun, Hongguang Chen, Lin Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Major natural disasters not only cause severe personnel casualties and social losses, but also bring long-lasting mental health issues related to psychological trauma. Timely and efficient post-disaster crisis interventions can avoid indelible psychological damages that disasters bring to populations such as survivors, victims’ families, witnesses, and rescuers. This article overviews the impact of major natural disasters on mental health and the characteristics of post-disaster psychological crisis. It also summarizes previous experience in post-disaster crisis interventions. In addition, it probes into future post-disaster crisis interventions, including improvement of the legal system for crisis intervention, clarification of the role of the government …

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Reflections On Empowering China’S Digital Economy To Enhance International Competitiveness Through Tax System Reform, Yang Xue, Lina Hu Nov 2023

Reflections On Empowering China’S Digital Economy To Enhance International Competitiveness Through Tax System Reform, Yang Xue, Lina Hu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

At present, promoting the continuous improvement of the international competitiveness of the digital economy has become a new track for countries to compete. The study stands that the tax reform in the digital economy era is based on the accelerated evolution from the industrial economy to the digital economy, the wider application scenarios of digital technology, and the continuous improvement of the breadth and depth of digital infrastructure coverage. This study analyzes the problems arising from the development of the digital economy at this stage, such as the decline in the regulatory role of traditional tax functions, the loss of …

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Platform Practice And Exploration Of Science Popularization By One Body With Two Wings Mode: Take Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture As An Example, Kun Bai, Baoyu Jia Nov 2023

Platform Practice And Exploration Of Science Popularization By One Body With Two Wings Mode: Take Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture As An Example, Kun Bai, Baoyu Jia

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Science popularization is not only an activity of the state and society to popularize scientific and technological knowledge, promote scientific spirit, propagate scientific ideas and advocate scientific method, but also an important foundation for achieving innovative development. Based on the in-depth study on General Secretary Xi Jinping important remarks of science and technology innovation and science popularization, and science communication Dialogue Model, this study puts forward a dynamic model of One Body with Two Wings. Combine with Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture of science popularization practice, this study analyzes the effectiveness and experience of the expert groups represented by the academicians …

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Policy Overview (October, 2023) Nov 2023

Policy Overview (October, 2023)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Ageism By A Community Sample Of Young Adults: Expanding The Contact Hypothesis To Explore Ageism, Helena Lucia Swanson Nov 2023

Ageism By A Community Sample Of Young Adults: Expanding The Contact Hypothesis To Explore Ageism, Helena Lucia Swanson

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Aging demographics globally are changing rapidly, resulting in the category of “older adults” (65 years and older) growing to eventually become the largest age demographic (United Nations, 2022). As our world gets older, ageism is a growing concern given its health, societal, cultural, and political consequences (Chrisler et al., 2016; Bugental & Hehman, 2007; Levy et al., 2020). Following Allport’s Contact Hypothesis (1954), this dissertation empirically analyzed predictors of ageism, including contact with older adults, for younger adults (18-26 years old) residing in U.S. communities. Participants were recruited using Prolific Academic, an online crowdsourcing platform and responded to five scales …

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