Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Family Of Origin Stress, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, And Resource Loss For Couples During Covid-19: A Longitudinal Analysis, Betsy Hughes Barrow

Theses and Dissertations

The pandemic affected daily life on an unprecedented global scale resulting in the need for adaptation and flexibility to cope with ongoing stress, uncertainty, and loss that may affect couple relationships. Understanding resource loss in the context of mass stress events is critical because resource loss has been defined as the primary agent of stress (Hobfoll, 1989). As such, it is important to understand what factors may have shaped the degree of resource loss incurred during the pandemic. Extant research implies that considering early life adversity may be useful to explore as it may be a form of resource loss …

Exploration Of The Impact Of Gender-Affirming Care And Social Support On Executive Functioning And Mental Health In Gender-Diverse Autistic And Non-Autistic Adults, Karys Michaela Normansell-Mossa

Theses and Dissertations

Between 4.8% and 26% of adults presenting to gender dysphoria clinics have an autism diagnosis. Both autistic people and gender-diverse people have higher rates of mental health conditions including anxiety and depression and more difficulties with executive functioning, all of which impact quality of life. Some work suggests that gender affirmation leads to better mental health outcomes, including better executive functioning, but this has not been studied directly in autistic adults who identify as gender-diverse or transgender. As such, we elected to explore the relationships among these variables at this intersection of gender diversity and autism. In a sample of …

Poverty Rate Inequality: Analyzing The Causes Of The Larger Difference In The Poverty Rates Between Black And White Americans In Philadelphia And New York City, Patrick Carney

Gettysburg College Headquarters

This paper purports to find a cause for the larger differences in poverty rates between black and white Americans in Philadelphia and the same two groups in New York City. Three hypotheses, the education spending per student hypothesis, the economic hypothesis, and the social spending per capita hypothesis, are each respectively devised to explain these differences in the respective poverty rates. The education spending per student and social spending per capita hypotheses are tested using data from each city, leading to the conclusion that the lower social and education spending per capita in Philadelphia when compared to New York City …

The Effect Of Trading Volume On Stock Price, Jackson Dino

Gettysburg College Headquarters

Knowledge of the relationship between trading volume and trading equities enhances investors and public policy maker’s knowledge of market structure. In this paper, we examine the effects of trading volume on stock prices using a panel of stock prices from the S&P 500 Index. We develop an ordinary least squares regression model, implementing control variables, fixed effects and an instrumental variable to minimize statistical bias. We find evidence that an increase of trading volume by its mean is associated with a $2.42 increase in average stock price. We also find stronger evidence that an increase of trading volume by its …

Climate Change: The Ultimate Cereal Killer: The Impact Of Temperature And Precipitation On Agricultural Yields, Hayley Huber, Robert Salita, Ruth Abraham

Gettysburg College Headquarters

The global food supply depends on agricultural production, but as the negative effects of climate change are exacerbated by human activity, how will agriculture need to change to accommodate both climate change and the increasing population? In order to understand what adaptations will be necessary, we perform analysis on the relationship between climate change (temperature and precipitation) and crop yields (barley, rice, and soybean). We take a multinational approach, using ten countries for each model, to see the global impact of climate change on production. Testing many models, we settle on country-specific time trends, eliminating many confounding variables by focusing …

Gettysburg College Headquarters Spring 2023

Gettysburg College Headquarters

The Gettysburg College Headquarters is an open access, peer-reviewed, undergraduate research journal that publishes works from specific fields in the Humanities, Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Visual Arts.

Oral Microbial Communities In Children, Caregivers, And Associations With Salivary Biomeasures And Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure, Jason A. Rothman, Jenna L. Riis, Katrina R. Hamilton, Clancy Blair, Douglas A. Granger, Katrine Katrine Whiteson

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Human oral microbial communities are diverse, with implications for oral and systemic health. Oral microbial communities change over time; thus, it is important to understand how healthy versus dysbiotic oral microbiomes differ, especially within and between families. There is also a need to understand how the oral microbiome composition is changed within an individual including by factors such as environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure, metabolic regulation, inflammation, and antioxidant potential. Using archived saliva samples collected from caregivers and children during a 90-month follow-up assessment in a longitudinal study of child development in the context of rural poverty, we used 16S …

The Impact Of Sars-Cov-2 On The Consolidated Meatpacking System In The United States, Judith R. Solomon

Anthós

The Sars-Cov-2 virus has had a particularly intense impact on the meatpacking industry in the United States. In this paper I provide a brief introduction to the social, economic, and political realities that lead to mass deaths of meatpacking workers from COVID, and the impact of a consolidated meatpacking system on disease mitigation. These workers are considered expendable due to a lack of power.

Postpartum And The Pressure To Work, Summer Brother

Anthós

In the United States, the lack of availability and support around maternity leave results in mothers rushing back to the workforce soon after childbirth. Topics such as breastfeeding, physical trauma, postpartum depression, and working while in the postpartum period, all pile together to paint a picture of what it means to be a new mother in America. Through the use of qualitative data and academic sources, the article's findings conclude that health and bonding between the mother and baby are interconnected. The rush to begin work again also affects all aspects of one's health, often beyond the six to eight …

Table Of Contents, Hailey L. Brink

Anthós

This document includes the front matter and table of contents for this issue of Anthós.

Dancers Of The Book: Yemenite, Persian, And Kurdish Jewish Dance, Quinn Bicer

Anthós

Despite the cultural significance of dance in Jewish communities around the world, research into Middle Eastern Jewish dance outside of the modern nation-state of Israel is sorely under-researched. This article aims to help rectify this by focusing on Yemenite, Persian/Iranian, and Kurdish Jewish dance and explores how these dancers have functioned and been received within the societies they have been a part of. The methods that have gone into this article are a combination of analyzing primary source recorded dances and existing secondary source research into the dance of these communities. Through these methods, this article reveals how Yemenite, Iranian, …

Improving The Subjective Well-Being Of Autistic Youth Utilizing A Positive Psychology Intervention, Nicolette Bauermeister

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study utilized a single-case multiple-baseline design to analyze the effects of a ten-week multi-component positive psychology intervention, the Well-Being Promotion Program, on the subjective well-being of Autistic youth. This thesis addressed a gap in the literature regarding the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions when administered to Autistic middle schoolers. Three Autistic middle schoolers participated in this single-case design study. Dynamic decision-making was used to stagger intervention implementation across the three participants. Life satisfaction and positive/negative affect data were collected via a Qualtrics survey that was administered twice per week. Through visual analysis and Baseline Corrected Tau calculations, it was …

Editorial: Appraisal Processes In Moral Judgment: Resolving Moral Issues Through Cognition And Emotion., Justin F. Landy, Tom R. Kupfer

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Threats To School Safety: Examining Levels Of Community Violence And Its Relation To School-Related Threats, Dorie Ross

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Despite significant media attention provided to school-based acts of violence, these tragic incidents are relatively rare across school environments, leading to increasing challenges in identifying students who may pose a threat. Previous approaches to school discipline, including policies such as zero tolerance, resulted in significant racial disparities among students who received disciplinary consequences inconsistent with the severity of their behaviors or threats. Alternatively, a relatively recent approach that emerged following a series of school shootings in the 1990s was school threat assessment, which focuses on prevention rather than prediction. While it is important to determine students who may pose a …

Using Ai-Generated Suggestions From Chatgpt To Optimize Clinical Decision Support, Siru Liu, Aileen P Wright, Barron L Patterson, Jonathan P Wanderer, Robert W Turer, Scott D Nelson, Allison B Mccoy, Dean F Sittig, Adam Wright

Student and Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine if ChatGPT can generate useful suggestions for improving clinical decision support (CDS) logic and to assess noninferiority compared to human-generated suggestions.

METHODS: We supplied summaries of CDS logic to ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI) tool for question answering that uses a large language model, and asked it to generate suggestions. We asked human clinician reviewers to review the AI-generated suggestions as well as human-generated suggestions for improving the same CDS alerts, and rate the suggestions for their usefulness, acceptance, relevance, understanding, workflow, bias, inversion, and redundancy.

RESULTS: Five clinicians analyzed 36 AI-generated suggestions and 29 human-generated suggestions …

Principles Of Financial Management Chapter 1 - 4, Dorina Tila

Open Educational Resources

This work includes a teaching material that could be the embryonic stage of a textbook for a Principles of Financial Management course.

Principles of Financial Management is a course that introduces you to key financial concepts and the application of financial analysis in making sound business decisions. Topics covered are time value of money, risk and rates of return, asset valuation, capital budgeting, and capital structure, and more. At the end of the course, you will gain an understanding of financial assets, financial markets, financial intermediaries, and the banking system. You will also be able to understand financial statements (i.e., …

My Alfond Grant Cda: Experience From 10 Years Of Automatic Deposits For All Maine Newborns, Colleen J. Quint, Margaret M. Clancy

Center for Social Development Research

For over a decade, the Alfond Scholarship Foundation has automatically enrolled every Maine-resident newborn into the United States’ first statewide, universal Child Development Account (CDA) by investing $500 on each child’s behalf in the NextGen 529 plan. This Policy Brief provides an overview of My Alfond Grant and tracks the growth of the CDA in the 10 years since it made the major policy-design change to implement automatic enrollment. The Brief also includes insights regarding partnerships and communications that have helped to improve My Alfond Grant’s ability to connect with Maine families.

Trend Observation: Analysis On Development Trend Of Precision Medicine

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Further Refinement Of An Asd-Subscale For The Childhood Behavior Checklist, Kimberly Ellison

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is tied to receiving the earliest possible intervention services that can influence a child’s development (Filipek et al., 1999). There are different measurement tools utilized to aid in the diagnostic assessment process, including broadband behavioral rating scales. The Childhood Behavior Checklist (CBCL; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) is a parent/caregiver completed questionnaire about one’s child (typically or atypically developing). The CBCL is one of the most utilized broadband measures at the initial stages of a diagnostic assessment or screening to aid in understanding the symptom presentation (Hyman et al., 2020). Currently, there …

Building Roadmap For Open Science Action: Seizing Global Development Opportunities, Wei Yang, Xiwen Liu, Jinxia Huang, Xuefei Chen, Ruofei Chang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Open science has reached a global consensus, and global open science governance requires the active participation of China. In order to seize development opportunities, this study analyzes the global trend of open science development and its impact on the scientific community. Based on practical cases of open science in China, the current situation and challenges of open science development in China are addressed. A roadmap for open science in China is designed, with open research infrastructure and open science policies as key supports. Recommendations for promoting the development of open science in China are proposed.

Strengthen Basic Research Capacity Of Enterprises And Make Up For Shortcoming Of National Innovation System, Xielin Liu, Xinzhi Chang, Peipei Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Basic research is the source of technological innovation, and currently, public research entities are the main force behind basic research. However, demand-driven research in the Pasteur quadrant and Edison quadrant requires firms to play a major role. The experience of the United States has shown that large firms can directly bridge the gap between science and industrial demand, improve industrial competitiveness, and the key lies in improving their scientific capabilities. Encouraging large firms to invest in demand-driven basic research can accelerate the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements, increase the industrialization of basic research, and fill the demand-side …

Developing Trend Of Global Scientific Journals In Open Science Environment, Zhixiong Zhang, Mengting Zhang, Xin Lin, Kunhua Zhao, Yuan Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Open science establishes a new paradigm of reproducible, transparent, shared and collaborative scientific research. As to global scientific journals, open science is essentially bringing about a revolutionary change for scholarly communication. This study briefly reviews the basic concept of open science and its developing trend, analyzes the main challenges that open science brings to global scientific journals, summarizes some of the new initiatives taken by the global scientific journals in response to the challenges of open science, and puts forward some suggestions for Chinese scientific journals for their development in open science environment.

Strengthening Open Data Infrastructure And Promoting Open Science, Huadong Guo, Hesheng Chen, Dongmei Yan, Jianhui Li, Gang Chen, Guojin He, Juncai Ma, Dong Liang, Lingyi Kong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

To promote economic development, social progress, and scientific and technological innovation, it is necessary to strengthen scientific cooperation and information sharing. Open data has emerged in response and become a seemingly inevitable development in the evolution of digital technology. Open data, however, must be supported by infrastructure composed of physical entities and virtual systems that meet the needs of data applications in many fields. Constructing and strengthening open data infrastructure should therefore be considered important objectives of information technology development. This study analyzes the elements of open data infrastructure and expounds its significant positive role in implementing open science. Based …

Research On Open Science Governance Framework Model, Yaxiang Yuan, Xin Wei, Yang Wang, Yuanchun Zhou

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Open science is thriving and driving a global paradigm shift in scientific research. Open science governance is designated to gradually increase the transparency and global participation in the process of scientific and technological progress, ensure low-cost openness around the world, accelerate the global dissemination and sharing of results, and improve the scientific and humanistic literacy of the people. With the development trend of open science becoming more and more powerful, a series of challenges emerge gradually. By analyzing and studying the open science governance framework model, it helps to further sort out the governance logic, clarify the governance subjects and …

Research On China’S Open Science Policy System, Wei Yang, Xiwen Liu, Jinxia Huang, Man Xiao, Xinman Zheng, Ruofei Chang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Open science has risen to the global strategic level. The open science policy will provide an accelerator for achieving global sustainable development goals. China’s formulation and support of open access policies and open science infrastructure policies are still insufficient. The practical demand for China’s open science policy comes from the emerging open innovation research scenario, while the long- term demand comes from the construction of an open innovation ecosystem. This study proposes an open science policy system that conforms to the framework of China’s science and technology innovation policy system, and proposes policy action suggestions that adapt to the UNESCO …

Development And Issues Of Biotech Seed Industry In China, Peijuan Chi, Hualing Xie, Ping Zhao, Fang Chen, Ning Wu, Zhixi Tian, Weicai Yang, Yanping Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Biotech seed industry is a strategic core industry. Biotechnology combined with digital technology has promoted the seed industry into an intelligent era, and the breeding paradigm has changed from “experimental selection” to “computational selection”. Biotech seed industry has become a research and development intensive industry, and the market is highly concentrated, which is controlled by large multinational enterprises. The scientific and technological output of China and the United States is in the first echelon, and the number of papers and authorized patents ranks among the top two in the world. From the perspective of core competitiveness, the United States is …

Changes In International Development Environment And China's Choices Of S&T Strategy: Historical Review And Future Prospects, Kaihua Chen, Zehua Xue, Chao Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Changes in international development environment such as geopolitics, geo-economics and science and technology innovation are reshaping the world’s competitive landscape and altering the balance of power among nations. China needs to adapt to the changes in international development environment, accurately grasp the new trends, optimize and adjust the science and technology strategy, effectively respond to new challenges, and seek new advantages in international competition. This study reviews China’s choices of science and technology strategy under the changes in international development environment. By summing up the successful experiences and remaining issues of the past science and technology strategies, the study proposes …

Changes In Global Energy Landscape And New Developments In Energy Science And Technology Amid Ukraine Crisis, Chao Wang, Fuquan Sun, Ye Xu, Xiangqiang Jiang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Energy is the blood vessel of an economy. The outbreak of the Ukraine crisis has triggered a regional energy supply crisis and a global energy market turmoil. As a result, the global energy landscape and energy science and technology development trends have undergone profound changes, with far-reaching impact on China’s science and technology strategies in the energy sector. Based on the study of energy strategy shift of the world’s major economies, this study focuses on research and analysis on the strategic trends of energy science and technology from the perspectives of international energy trade, global low-carbon transition and national energy …

Innovation Ecosystem Of Future Industry: Structure And Path, Junkai Li, Fei Gao, Yi Gong

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The innovation ecosystem of future industry faces great challenge in multiple dimensions such as systematic structure, function, and path for the continuous emergence and breakthrough of cutting-edge basic knowledge. Based on the theories of natural ecosystem and innovation system, this study builds a future industrial innovation ecosystem structure framework consisting of frontier knowledge creation community, application scenario transformation community, and industrial value realization community with consideration of the characteristics and evolution laws of future industry. In such innovation ecosystem, promising government and entrepreneurial spirit are important entity and key element, and policies for incubating and developing future industry should focus …

Some Trends And Enlightenment Of Darpa-Like Agencies In The United States, Jun Qiu, Zheng Liang, Xinyi Gu, Jianxiang Yuan, Lan Xue

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

In the context of major-power interactions, science and technology has increasingly become the main battleground and the inevitable place of competition among major powers. The new scientific and technological revolution will reshape the growth and decline of the economic competitiveness of countries and the global competition pattern. In order to compete for the increasingly competitive scientific and technological commanding heights, the United States clones the successful Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which has been active and achieved many scientific and technological innovation achievements. Now, the United States plans to promote the establishment of agencies, such as the Advanced Research …