Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Chesapeake Governance Study: Report Of 2021 Decision Maker Interview Results, D.G. Webster

Dartmouth Scholarship

This report describes the aggregate results from a series of interviews conducted with decision makers involved in governance of the Chesapeake Watershed. Interviews began in June and ended in December of 2021. Information collected will be combined with other data to create and then test a computer model to predict likely policy changes under a range of future scenarios. It is part of a larger project funded by the National Science Foundation called Modeling the Dynamics of Human and Estuarine Systems with Regulatory Feedbacks (Award #2009248). Using the Chesapeake Bay as an example, this project will combine the policy model …

Intra-Skeletal Variation In Stable Isotopes Through Non-Destructive Approaches: Applications Of The Patterns Of Skeletal Remodeling To Biological Anthropology, Armando Anzellini

Doctoral Dissertations

Stable isotope analysis is a well-established method in biological anthropology used to deliver data on residence, diet, and life history. Samples for these analyses are often collected from the diaphyses of long bones with an assumption of an expected rate of turnover between five and ten years, depending on the skeletal element. However, the biological foundations of this assumption are still uncertain, especially concerning the intra-skeletal and intra-element variation of isotopic signatures that may relate to patterns of remodeling. Exploring these gaps in intra-element isotopic variation requires fine-grained work using multiple bones from multiple individuals, but such work is limited …

Three Essays In Experimental And Behavioral Economics, Vasudha Chopra

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation presents three essays that use experimental economics methods. The first essay examines how behavior in inter-group contests is altered when players have incomplete information on their opponent. The game is a Tullock contest with heterogeneous groups (differences in cost-of-effort, prize value, and group-size), and players only know the probability their opponent is a particular type. For cost and value treatments, incomplete information increases effort in uneven contests but has no effect in even contests. Group-level effort is higher in group-size treatments, but incomplete information does not systematically alter effort. Overall, group-level effort is much higher than what standard …

Mindfulness And Avoidant Coping: Examining The Behavioral Correlates Of Suicidal Ideation Among Sexual Minority College Students, Matt Siroty

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals are at higher risk for mental health problems including suicidal ideation (SI). Previous research has indicated that coping strategies and mindfulness may explain disparities in SI among LGB individuals. The aim of the present study was to examine how coping strategies (self-sufficient, avoidant, socially-supported) and trait mindfulness facets (observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging, non-reactivity) contribute to these differences. The sample consisted of 927 college students, 124 of whom identified as LGB. Within the analytic sample, a majority identified as women (n = 639, 68.9%), 18 or 19 years of age (n …

The Role Of Female Offenders In Sex Trafficking Rings, Caroline Johnson

Sociology and Criminology Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study examines the role of female offenders in sex trafficking rings. Using the Human Trafficking Study database, I found 502 cases that had clear information coded about convictions, sentences, and genders. It was hypothesized that women typically receive a lower sentence than men do. Bivariate analysis revealed that to be true. In addition, I compared conviction rates between the two genders, finding that women are more likely to plead guilty in comparison to men.

Using a smaller sample with additional information, I also isolated the roles that women play in a sex trafficking ring. I found that 48% were …

Murray Library December 2022 Newsletter, Murray Library

Library Publications

What's new at the library? News and information about Murray Library at Messiah University written by its staff.

• Gift of Music Handbell Quartet at Murray
• Exam Cram Extra Hours
• Maximize Reading with Audiobooks
• Friends 20th Annual Dinner and Program with Anita Voelker
• Christmas Film Classics

Realizing Sdgs In Indonesia Through Productive Waqf, Faizatu Almas Hadyantari

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

Waqf is a form of Islamic social financial instrument that has sustainability benefits. Efforts to produce waqf assets aim to increase their use to create an even distribution in all aspects. This is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely maintaining sustainable improvement in the economic welfare of the community, maintaining the sustainability of community social life, and maintaining environmental quality. the pillars of development are the pillars of social development, the pillars of economic development, the pillars of environmental development, and the pillars of governance and law. The research method used is a qualitative study of literature …

Qatar Foreign Policy In Middle East Conflict Mediation, Kresna Kusumawijaya, Yon Machmudi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

Qatar's role as a regional mediator allowed it to emerge even further into global politics and it’s a step toward creating its own evolving independent political persona. As a mediator, Qatar has left its choices open to develop diplomatic relations with non-state actors and countries that have controversies in the Middle East. This research uses a case study approach to explore information about several foreign policies carried out by Qatar against countries and non-state actors in the Middle East. The results of this study show that Qatar, with its rationality, weighs the benefits for the personal interests of the state. …

Relasi Sunni-Syi’Ah Dalam Budaya Politik Sektarian Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pemerintahan Lebanon, Nasrul Mukhsinin, Muhammad Syaroni Rofii, Khairil Zaki Al-Asyurra

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

In a national pact, the Maronite Christians share power with Sunni Muslims. The agreement changed to the Ta'if agreement by adding Shia Muslims in the government. The growing influence of Shia politics along with the weakening of Maronite Christian influence made the axis of sect competition focused on Sunni and Shia groups. After the assassination of Prime Minister Rafiq Hariri, both of them played a political role in dividing political factions in the state government. Sunni-Shi'a political relations are very influential on the course of the Lebanese confessional government. This is a challenge for Hassan Diab as the new Prime …

Moderation Of The Islamic Movement In Peace Implementation Between The Government Of The Republic Of The Philippines And The Moro Nation In The South Philippines, Fahrudin Alwi, Yon Machmudi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

This study discusses the moderation of the Islamic movement in efforts to implement peace between the Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the Moro Nations in the southern Philippines. In this study, the authors use the Moderation Inclusion theory from Schwedler, the Social Movement theory from Sidney Tarrow, and the Wasathiyah Islamic theory. The authors will raise the actors who play a role in the Islamic movement and the factors that cause changes in the pattern of the movement. This research begins with an overview of the prolonged conflict that began with the arrival of the Spanish and …

Measurement Of Islamic Bank Capital Capacity As An Assumption Bank In The Resolution Process Of Purchasing And Assumption Methods, Ahmad Aziz, Nur Fatwa

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

As a financial institution, Islamic banking certainly has the possibility of problems occurring which will reduce solvency. The emergence of problems in Islamic banking certainly requires authority from the financial authority. One of the authorities that has this authority is the Indonesia Deposit Insurance Corporation through the implementation of the bank's resolution function. The resolution function is carried out by handling and solving bank solvency problems (problem banks), one of the options is the transfer of assets and liabilities. This option can also be referred to as the purchase and assumption (P&A) method. The resolution option for the P&A method …

Strategi Pengembangan Organisasi Dalam Menghadapi Revolusi Industri 4.0: Studi Kasus Pimpinan Pusat Ikatan Pelajar Nahdlatul Ulama (Pp Ipnu) Tahun 2019-2021, Nasrul Ma'arif, Arthur Josias Simon Runturambi

Journal Of Middle East and Islamic Studies

The Nahdlatul Ulama Student Association (IPNU) is an autonomous body of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) socio-religious organization that carries out the noble mandate as a cadre organization for male students and santri. IPNU is a forum for the struggle of Nahdlatul Ulama students to prepare cadres to succeed Nahdlatul Ulama and national leaders. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 which was marked by technological developments became a challenge for the IPNU Central Management (PP IPNU) to remain consistent in carrying out the mandate and duties of IPNU. This reasearch uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis. The researcher uses the System Theory …

Best Practices In Disaster Public Communications: Evacuation Alerting And Social Media, Frannie Edwards, Kaikai Liu, Amanda Lee Hughes, Jerry Zeyo Gao, Dan Goodrich, Alan Barner, Robert Herrera

Mineta Transportation Institute

This research project examines the current state of the practice for disaster public communication, the distrust of government, the training available to public information officers, and the literature available to guide the design of effective public outreach messaging, especially for rapid on-set events. Growing distrust in government had led to lack of public confidence in public agency messaging during emergencies, yet public agency public information officers are using multiple pathways, including both traditional and social media resources, to try to reach impacted communities effectively. The introduction explains the development of wildfire events in the West and their context. A literature …

Housing Discrimination In New York City’S Housing Voucher Program, Tashana Brooks

Publications and Research

The Fair Housing Act (FHA), enacted as Title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968, prohibits discrimination from selling or renting a dwelling to any person because of race, color, disability, religion, sex, family status, and national origin. The federal government provides rental subsidies for many low-income renters through government programs. Rental assistance such as Section 8 vouchers administered by Housing and Urban Development is considered a lawful source of income for paying rent; however, many landlords or realtors discriminate against individuals utilizing Section 8 vouchers. According to the New York City Human Rights Law, this is illegal. The …

Library Newsletter : Issue 4 - 2022, Office Of The University Librarian

Library Reports

- Message by Peter Gatiti Associate Vice Provost & University Librarian

- Oral History Project (University Archives)

- Book Reviews

- FAS Library

- AKU Author’s Day

- Other Highlights

- CopyrightX

- Digital Repository

- Congratulations

- Library Publications

Black Lives, White Kids: White Parenting Practices Following Black-Led Protests, Allison P. Anoll, Andrew M. Engelhardt, Mackenzie Israel-Trummel

Arts & Sciences Articles

Summer 2020 saw widespread protests under the banner Black Lives Matter. Coupled with the global pandemic that kept America’s children in the predominant care of their parents, we argue that the latter half of 2020 offers a unique moment to consider whites’ race-focused parenting practices. We use Google Trends data and posts on public parenting Facebook pages to show that the remarkable levels of protest activity in summer 2020 served as a focusing event that not only directed Americans’ attention to racial concepts but connected those concepts to parenting. Using a national survey of non-Hispanic white parents with white school-age …

Performance Management And Contracting Out To Support Public Health Objectives : Evidence From U.S. Local Health Departments, Philip Gigliotti

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Contracting out and performance management have been universally adopted in public sector organizations, based on theoretical arguments that they would improve the efficiency and quality of public services. However, this broad adoption was carried out despite minimal empirical evidence that these interventions improve public service outcomes in practice. Traditionally, few studies have attempted to quantitatively link performance management and contracting out interventions to improvements in organizational performance and public service quality. A growing literature has investigated this relationship with inconclusive results, suggesting these interventions do not have a clear ability to improve organizational performance. This dissertation examines these relationships in …

Practicing Re-Enlightenment : Technology Revisited In The Age Of Climate Change, Gyuri Kang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In the age of climate change, the Indian writer Amitav Ghosh asks whether humanity is prepared for the unthinkable nature of climate events. The Earth’s climate is changing faster than humans can expect and adapt. Ghosh warns that modern people are too deranged to imagine in what forms of changes are approaching. His term, derangement, suggests that humans are no longer able to imagine the future world shaped by climate change. The signals of the unexpectable realities of climate change, however, may be hidden in existing knowledge. Here, technology can help us access this hidden knowledge through its ability to …

Executive Functioning In Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes : Associations With Hba1c, Glycemic Variability, And Household Income, Victoria Louise Ledsham

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been repeatedly linked to executive functioning (EF) deficits in children and adolescents but the mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. Chronic hyperglycemia — frequently measured as glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels — and increased glycemic variability have both been proposed as risk factors for EF difficulties in this population, but it is unclear whether they each uniquely reflect T1DM-related risk for EF deficits. Furthermore, few studies have considered interactions between glycemic factors and family-level risk factors in shaping children’s EF development. Particularly, household income may exacerbate risk associations between HbA1c or glycemic variability …

Maker Programs In Prek-12 School Libraries : Identifying The Drivers And Consequences, Shannon Mersand

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In 2005, Dale Dougherty and O’Reilly Media founded Make Magazine, and coined the term Makerspace, which is broadly defined as a community workspace where people come together to solve problems using materials and tools they might otherwise not have access to (Dougherty, 2012). Recently, schools have allocated funding and resources into creating and maintaining maker programs in classrooms and libraries. Despite the overwhelming discussion of making and makerspaces in library practitioner-oriented publications, there is little scholarly discussion of maker programs in PreK-12 school libraries. This research addresses that gap by examining makerspaces in libraries in PreK-12 public schools in New …

A Patchwork Community : Exploring Belonging, Gender Roles, And God's Gifts Among Progressive American Mennonites, Christa D. Mylin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation demonstrates that progressive Mennonites in southern Pennsylvania struggle to find belonging within their congregations due to the fluid nature of Mennonite affiliations. Mennonites critically examined their institutions and relations with each other, and this critique often led to schism. This research addresses how a recent schism among progressive Mennonites led some people to experience nonbelonging and highlighted other conflicting values that people had within their conference. An overview of Mennonite history demonstrated that Mennonites have often formed separate fellowships when disagreements could not be resolved. However, this history also demonstrated that Mennonites have been adept at interpreting their …

Applications Of Search And Matching To International Trade And Unemployment Insurance, Kai You

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation consists of three chapters.

Innovation Capacity In Local Government Organizations : A Comparative Case Study Of Three Innovation Labs In The U.S, Qianli Yuan

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Innovation in the public sector is a high priority on the agenda of both practitioners and academics, as government recently faces increasing citizens’ demands and growing wicked problems. It has been increasingly regarded as necessary to improve current practices that improve government performance in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, and equity. In response to this demand for innovation, many government organizations established innovation labs to strengthen their capacity to introduce new and innovative solutions. Being agile and small and having a certain level of autonomy, they are advocated as a “safe space” that applies a variety of approaches, methods, and toolkits …

Faculty Perceptions Of The Essential Elements Of Leadership Across Generations And Sex, Seth D. Kastle Ed.D., Haley Moon, Jeni Mcray Ph.D.

Leadership Faculty Publications

This exploratory quantitative study, whose population consisted of full-time faculty at a Midwestern state university, measures perceptions of the degree of essentiality of ten elements of effective leadership, and whether or not those perceptions were significantly different across generational cohort (baby boomer, GenX, and millennial) and/or biological sex (male, female). Current literature on generational cohort/gender and perceptions of effective leadership is equivocal at best. This study attempted to fill gaps in existing literature, as applied to faculty in higher education contexts. The essential elements of leadership identified for this study were: influence, promoting teamwork, change facilitation, authority, collaborative dialogue, risk-taking, …

Voting Rules And Properties, Zhuorong Mao

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This thesis composes of two chapters. Chapter one considers the higher order of Borda Rules (Bp) and the Perron Rule (P) as extensions of the classic Borda Rule. We study the properties of those vector-valued voting rules and compare them with Simple Majority Voting (SMV). Using simulation, we found that SMV can yield different results from B1, B2, and P even when it is transitive. We also give a new condition that forces SMV to be transitive, and then quantify the frequency of transitivity when it fails.

In chapter two, we study the `protocol paradox' of approval voting. In approval …

Interdisciplinary Design Studio: Programming Document Visioning For A Robotic Demonstration, Research, And Engagement Dairy, Steve(N) Hardy, Nate Bicak, Sarah Alduaylij, Noor Al-Maamari, Devyn Beekman, Kelsey Belgum, Lauren Chubb, Nicholas Forte, Mitchell Hill, Joshua Holstein, Dylan Lambe, Phuong Le, Mia Leriger, Elizabeth Loftus, Josh Lorenzen, Megan Lovci, Alex Martino, Zade Miller, Hannah Morgan, Annabelle Nichols, Collin Shearman, Rebecca Sowl, Nalin Theplikhith, Angela Vu, Shaylee Wagner, Ethan Watermeier, Trever Zelenka

Architecture Program: Student Creative Activity

The 2022 COLLABORATE Design Studio brought together students from various disciplines to address a complex, real-world project which required collaborative input from different perspectives. The studio worked to advance the co-creation of knowledge between external stakeholders, students, and instructors. The course was co-taught by faculty from different disciplines, and areas of expertise. During the semester, Nate Bicak and Steven Hardy worked with students from Architecture and Interior Design in collaboration with students in Dr. Tami Brown-Brandl’s students in Biological Systems Engineering and Animal Science to explore the values, spatial qualities, and area requirements of a Robotic Demonstration, Research, and Engagement …

Post Pandemic Cyberbiosecurity Threats From Terrorist Groups, Haley D. Dodge

Master's Theses

The research in this thesis explored the research question: Are United States (US) health systems accessible to cyber-bio terrorist attacks post-pandemic, within the context of the emerging discipline of cyberbiosecurity? Key findings of the analysis demonstrated how US health systems are more accessible to cyber-bio terrorist attacks specifically from cyber hacking groups based on the increasing sophistication of their cyber capabilities and the lack of cyber protection for biological systems. The concept of cyberbiosecurity was first introduced in 2018 by researchers exploring the converging threat landscape of the cyber and biology domains. As biology is growing more dependent upon vulnerable …

The Cowl - V. 87 N. 8 - December 1, 2022

The Cowl

The Cowl - student newspaper of Providence College. Vol. 87 No. 8 - December 1, 2022. 16 pages.

Interview With Paola García, Crystal Tejada-Breton

Immigrant Leaders

An interview with Paola García, an immigrant leader from Make the Road New Jersey. The interview covers life before immigrating, arrival and integration, and political participation.

Primate Olfaction: A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Cribriform Plate Morphology, Amber Cooper

Anthropology Undergraduate Honors Theses

Decreased olfaction, or smell, is a diagnostic characteristic of primates. Despite this, olfaction remains important for diet and social behaviors in primates. To assess how morphological changes impact olfactory-based behaviors between the two major clades of primates, Strepsirrhini and Haplorrhini, this study examined the surface area of the cribriform plate, the bony interface between the brain and nasal cavity. Previous work has found several functional associations between cribriform plate morphology and species diet/ ecology, making this structure possibly more reflective of a species reliance on olfaction in its environment. Primate social structure, such as average group size, mating system, and …