Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Anxiety Symptoms Among Extension Professionals' During The Covid-19 Pandemic With The Gad-2, Glenn D. Israel, Colleen E. Gariton, Harsha E. James

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, anxiety disorders are a common mental health disorder but often remain undetected and undertreated. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Extension professionals have worked hard to address emerging issues that communities face, possibly impacting the amount of anxiety they experience. This study determined the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among Extension professionals in the United States. Participants from 24 states completed a survey containing the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2) screener. Almost one-quarter of Extension professionals had a GAD-2 score greater than three, an indicator of anxiety with a possibility of generalized anxiety disorder, which …

Implications Of Covid-19 Mitigation Policies On Recreational Trail Users: Exploring Antecedents To Physical Distancing On Trails Across The Rural-Urban Continuum, Christopher J. Wynveen, Ingrid Schneider, Deonne Vanderwoude, Taylor Stein, Heather Gibson, Kim Shinew, William Hendricks, Megha Budruk

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent travel restrictions led to a worldwide increase in greenspace use. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention encouraged policies including physical distancing and COVID-related signage. However, the extent to which these policies influenced behavior is unknown. To fill this gap, we report on a 2020 observational study at 14 trails across six U.S. states framed within a social-ecological model. Behavioral observations of 8,093 groups assessed compliance rates with infection-mitigation behaviors. Additionally, we noted the presence of COVID-related signs, the days between the observation and stay-at-home order start date, the setting (i.e., urban, suburban, and …

Preventive Behaviors Along The Rural-Urban Continuum In Utah During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jessica D. Ulrich-Schad, Jennifer E. Givens, Mitchell Beacham

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Rural individuals and places face major vulnerabilities in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic, yet how and why rural residents adopted preventive behaviors as a result is not well understood. Using cross-sectional data from an online panel survey of Utahans along the rural-urban continuum collected in June of 2020, we find that, overall, rural Utahans were less likely than their more urban counterparts to adopt preventive behaviors. Those who perceived less risk, knew someone sick with COVID-19, thought former President Trump was doing a good job handling the pandemic, had false optimism about the pandemic, had less formal education, and belonged …

Rural-Urban And Within-Rural Differences In Covid-19 Mortality Rates, Yue Sun, Kent Jason G. Cheng, Shannon M. Monnat

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Since late-2020, COVID-19 mortality rates have been higher in rural than in urban America, but there has also been substantial within-rural heterogeneity. Using CDC data, we compare COVID-19 mortality rates across the rural-urban continuum as well as within rural counties across different types of labor markets and by metropolitan adjacency. As of October 1, 2021, the cumulative COVID-19 mortality rate was 247.0 per 100,000 population in rural counties compared to 200.7 in urban counties. Higher COVID-19 mortality rates in rural counties are explained by lower average educational attainment and lower median household income. Within rural counties, mortality rates have been …

Factors Explaining Variations In Covid-19 Deaths In Rural America, Don E. Albrecht

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, case and death rates from the disease in rural counties were significantly lower than in urban counties. This pattern changed during the summer and fall of 2020, and by December, death rates in rural counties were higher than in urban counties. This article uses data from the U.S. Census Bureau and voting and COVID-19 data from The New York Times to explore factors related to the increase in COVID-19 deaths in rural counties in the United States. Further analysis is conducted to understand variations in death rates across different types of rural counties. Multivariate regression …

La Investigación En La Era Digital, Ana Milena Bejarano Torres

Galeria de Libros

La aparición y difusión de nuevas tecnologías con redes públicas de internet han permitido un amplio acceso de las poblaciones a la información y al conocimiento. Sin embargo, hay que preguntarse si esto se da en condiciones de igualdad y universalidad. Desde la UNESCO es claro que debe caminarse en la senda de desarrollo humano y sostenible. Así, las sociedades del conocimiento se deben apoyar en “la libertad de expresión, el acceso universal a la información y al conocimiento, el respeto a la diversidad cultural y lingüística, y una educación de calidad para todos”.

El Tercer Simposio de Ciencia Tecnología …

The Lived Experience Of Waitresses In Hospitality Sector: A Phenomenological Study On Work Related Abuse And Its Coping Mechanisms Among Selected Waitresses In Hospitality Sector In Bahirdar City, Northwestern Ethiopia, Kidus Yenealem Mefteh, Gebremeskel Mesafint Dessie, Wossen Lulie Teshome

The Qualitative Report

A significantly high number of employed women work in vulnerable work environment. Waitresses’ working in the hospitality sector experience different kind of work-related abuse. This study aims to explore waitresses work related abuse and its coping mechanisms in the hospitality sector in Bahirdar city, Ethiopia. A descriptive phenomenological study was conducted to describe the lived experience of waitresses in the work environment. Data were collected through an in-depth interview with waitresses. Participants of the study were selected by non-probability sampling. The collected data were inductively coded and developed into themes. Different kinds of data quality assurance mechanisms were employed to …

Clark Memorandum: Spring 2022, J. Reuben Clark Law School, Byu Law School Alumni Association, J. Reuben Clark Law Society

The Clark Memorandum

• General Joseph Smith and His Candidacy for the Presidency of the United States
• Leadership Lessons from the Life of Dallin H. Oaks
• Flunking the Founding
• Seven Lessons from the Life of Rex Lee

The Relationship Between Historical Trauma And Mental Health Status: The Moderating Role Of Ethnic Immersion For Polynesian Americans, Cameron W. H. Hee

Theses and Dissertations

A large body of research has examined the intergenerational consequences of historically traumatic events with populations whose ancestors have collectively faced significant experiences of loss and trauma due to colonization, genocide, and other forms of oppression and marginalization. This type of research is especially prevalent among indigenous populations and historical trauma has been used to theoretically explain some groups overrepresentation in negative societal and health indices. Yet there has been virtually no empirical study of the effects of historical trauma using a Polynesian sample. The aim of this dissertation was to examine the association historically traumatic losses may have with …

Juneteenth Isn’T Just For African Americans. It’S A Celebration, And A Warning, For Everyone, Mary J. Wardell-Ghiraduzzi

Office of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Publications

Strawberry soda. Savory BBQ. Collard greens. Sweet corn. Watermelon. Cherry pie.

My father was a Black Texan. My mother was a Black Arkansan. When they migrated to California, they brought with them traditions passed down through ancestors from West Africa and the Congo. My parents understood the powerful symbol the color red expressed on the table: a reminder of the sacrifices endured.

This is my Juneteenth.

This month, the nation will join in celebrating Juneteenth, a federal holiday that acknowledges when enslaved Black people in Texas were finally freed on June 19, 1865 — more than two years after President …

The Interplay Between Parental Executive Functioning, Parental Stress, And Parenting Skills Across A Parenting Intervention, Taylor Landis

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Behavioral parent training (BPT) interventions are the gold standard treatment for preschoolers with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and have been shown to improve parenting, and therefore children’s behavior. However, treatment outcomes are dependent upon various child and parent factors. Less research has examined predictors of treatment response in preschoolers, including parental factors, which is important given the known benefits of early intervention.

This dissertation is comprised of three manuscripts focused on parent and child executive functioning (EF), and intervention outcomes for children with ADHD and their parents. Study I examined the extent to which individual differences in EF and emotion regulation …

Mental/Behavioural Health And Educational Outcomes Of Grandchildren Raised By Custodial Grandparents: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review, Yanfeng Xu Ph.D., Yao Wang, Lauren P. Mccarthy, Theresa Harrison, Hanna Doherty

Faculty and Staff Publications

Grandparents caring for grandchildren has increased globally in the past two decades, but we have a limited understanding of its effects on custodial grandchildren's mental/behavioural health and educational outcomes. This mixed methods systematic review aims to synthesise mental/behavioural health and educational outcomes of custodial grandchildren within custodial grandparent-headed families and with comparison to other types of household structure and further examine factors associated with these outcomes. A systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was conducted. We searched ERIC, Family Studies Abstracts, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Social Work Abstract and SocINDEX in March 2021 and …

Experimental Evidence On Consumption, Saving, And Family Formation Responses To Student Debt Forgiveness, Jason Jabarri, Stephen Roll, Mathieu Despard, Leah Hamilton

Social Policy Institute Research

As policy-makers grapple with whether or not to forgive student debt, for who, and how much, it is important to explore how student debt forgiveness would relate to intended household decisions and behaviors. We conducted a survey experiment that asked participants with student debt to imagine a scenario in which the federal government forgave a certain amount of student debt. We then had these participants report on how this would affect their decisions and behaviors. 1,053 participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions that offered $5,000, $10,000, $20,000, and complete debt forgiveness. Our results indicate that student debt …

Covid-19: Teacher Interns’ Perspectives Of An Unprecedented Year, Cheryl L. Burleigh, Andrea Wilson, Jim Lane

The Qualitative Report

During COVID-19, digital learning took on an unprecedented central focus in K-12 education. This study applied photovoice qualitative methodology to record and understand the lives and reality for teacher interns as they adapted to abrupt changes in the way they designed and delivered instruction while living homebound during a pandemic. Teacher interns shared their stories of transitioning to virtual or distance learning. Participants (n = 97) were a demographically and culturally diverse group of K-12 public school teacher interns from California. The findings from this study illuminate the need for U.S. public K-12 schools to develop specific professional development training …

How The Coronavirus Pandemic Has Affected Gender Wage Inequality In Colombia, Héctor Alberto Botello-Peñaloza

Equidad y Desarrollo

El objetivo de este artículo es comparar cómo han cambiado las diferencias salariales entre los trabajadores colombianos antes y durante la pandemia de coronavirus. El desglose paramétrico de Oaxaca-Blinder se realiza utilizando la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares de 2020 y se compara con los resultados de 2019. Entre los resultados, el diferencial en los ingresos por hora de trabajo contra las mujeres ha aumentado al 16% en 2020 frente al 4% en 2019, especialmente en la parte inferior de la distribución. Para ambos años y todos los niveles de ingresos, la mayor parte de la contribución a la diferencia …

Relación Entre El Impuesto De Renta Y La Rentabilidad Sobre El Patrimonio En Las Empresas Colombianas Periodo 2016 A 2019, Andrés Caicedo Carrero

Equidad y Desarrollo

El presente artículo muestra la relación que existe entre el impuesto de renta y la rentabilidad sobre el patrimonio [ROE]. Para la construcción de esta investigación se realizó una breve tipificación de los tributos que existen, posteriormente fueron revisadas las investigaciones existentes sobre el impacto del impuesto de renta en las empresas, el papel de las finanzas en la competitividad empresarial y cómo esto afecta al desarrollo económico de los países. Con el fin de hacer una validación en las compañías colombianas, se consultaron los estados financieros de las firmas que reportan información contable ante la Superintendencia de Sociedades y …

Migración De Talentos Mexicanos: Mitos Y Realidades, Ana María Aragonés, Uberto Salgado

Equidad y Desarrollo

En esta investigación se presentan los resultados preliminares de una encuesta aplicada por medio de una plataforma digital a 660 migrantes mexicanos altamente calificados que se encuentran trabajando en diversos países. Uno de los objetivos consistió en documentar las formas de inserción laboral en los países de destino con el fin de constatar una idea generalizada en la literatura especializada, la cual sugiere que los mexicanos calificados, están siendo subutilizados o sobreocupados en los mercados laborales de destino. Se analizaron diversos aspectos como el nivel de estudios, el dominio del idioma, lugar de obtención de los grados, posibles formas de …

Mujeres Saharauis Del Norte De África: Tejiendo El Desarrollo De Su Pueblo, Alexandra Córdoba Heredia, Katheryne Aldana Villalobos

Equidad y Desarrollo

El presente artículo es producto de la investigación de Maestría del año 2019 de refugiados saharauis de Tindouf, Argelia (Norte de áfrica), con enfoque cualitativo de corte etnográfico, se analizó la percepción de cooperantes colombianos/as mujeres y hombres saharauis logrando identificar los aspectos de la agencia de las mujeres saharauis entendidos como el papel activo de las estas en el desarrollo de su pueblo. De acuerdo con los hallazgos se reconoció que la agencia de las mujeres saharauis sobre la educación, percepción de sus derechos y participación lo cual ha permitido que el pueblo saharaui no solo sobreviva en la …

The Cultural Aspects And Economic Performance Of Small Wixarica Artisan Businesses, Luis Ángel Correa García

Equidad y Desarrollo

La cultura Wixarika o Huichol es una de las más importantes de México. Son portadores de tradiciones transmitidas de generación en generación, sus costumbres están presentes desde tiempos ancestrales y tienen valores que son fundamentales para la unión de su comunidad. El objetivo de este estudio empírico es analizar desde la perspectiva teórica de Recursos y Capacidades, cómo los aspectos culturales influyen en el desempeño económico de los pequeños negocios artesanales Wixarika. La metodología usada fue el análisis de regresión múltiple. El constructo “aspectos culturales” fue elaborado con base en la revisión de literatura. Los resultados muestran que la variable …

Ems To Trauma Care Transitions: An Investigation Of Patient And Handoff Outcomes, Richard Simonson

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

The helicopter as a method of emergency medical service transportation of trauma patients has a long history of effective use-cases dating back to its inception during the Vietnam war. Compared to ground-based emergency medical transit, helicopters have been able to reach severely injured patients in environments with challenging terrain features that ground-based medical services cannot traverse. Additionally, the helicopter offers quicker and more direct-route transit options that result in both quicker response and shorter transportation times compared to their ground-based alternative. Further, research has indicated that helicopter ambulance teams utilize paramedics with more experience than ground ambulance paramedics. Prior research …

Space, Place, And Covid-19: Introduction To The Special Issue, Vanessa Parks, Ronald E. Cossman, John J. Green

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

The COVID-19 pandemic alerted the U.S. populace to spatial patterns of health outcomes. Trusted sources of information such as the Johns Hopkins University and The New York Times mapped COVID-19 indicators at the county-level, bringing widespread attention to the timing and clustering of case rates, mortality, and vaccine uptake. The severity of the pandemic has motivated the research community to share data and conduct analyses to illuminate and project trends that would be useful for healthcare providers and policy makers in their communities. This special issue of the Journal of Rural Social Sciences explores the roles space and place have …

She'll Be ‘Right… But Are They? An Australian Perspective On Women In High Performance Sport Coaching, Alexandra H. Roberts, Anthea Clarke, Caitlin Fox-Harding, Georgia Askew, Clare Macmahon, Sophia Nimphius

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Participation and media coverage of women in high-performance sport has been steadily increasing in recent years throughout the world. While this increase in interest has led to many young women and girls becoming involved in grassroots sport, there has yet to be a significant change in the number of women in coaching roles, particularly at the high-performance level. This paper synthesizes and summarizes the current challenges facing women sport coaches in Australia, drawing from existing research, media and government reports to understand the barriers for women entering and progressing in these roles. We also present some of the more recent …

Socioeconomic Potential: Predicting Income Through The Moderating Effect Of Socioeconomic Status On Social Capital, Virginia K. Leiter

Theses and Dissertations

Social capital is an important predictor of socioeconomic attainment, defined here as household income, but it is less clear how this relationship may vary by socioeconomic status (SES). Coleman's (1988) theory of social capital suggests that context is likely to influence exchanges of capital. Indeed, theory and research suggest that SES may either intensify or compensate for social capital in its relation to socioeconomic attainment. I seek to identify and understand these potential interactions using data from 101,163 participants of the European Social Survey (ESS). Results indicate that while social trust and both absolute and relative social involvement--two common measurements …

Controlled Digital Lending, Equitable Access To Knowledge And Future Library Services, Xuan Pang, Peggy Glatthaar

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

Controlled Digital Lending (CDL) became a popular term in the United States of America (USA) libraries as a result of a white paper authored by Kyle K. Courtney (Harvard University) and David Hansen (Duke University). (Citation?) The white paper gave the legal groundwork to explore the copyright aspect of CDL: Fair Use, First Sale Doctrine and Supreme Court rulings. The white paper also provided guidelines for Library professionals implementing this new technology to fulfill their users’ needs. Inspired by the recent CDL guidelines developed by Courtney and Hansen (2018) two librarians from the University of Florida (UF), and Florida …

Fostering Community Health And Well-Being Through The Development Of A Mindfulness Program And Meditation Space At The University Of Miami Libraries, Kelly E. Miller, Vera Spika, Scott Rogers

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

This paper offers a case study in the development of a mindfulness program and meditation space within the context of a university research library in the United States. In 2016, thanks to a collaboration with the University of Miami Mindfulness-in-Law Program, the University of Miami (UM) Libraries began offering weekly mindfulness sessions for the benefit of the University community and with the goal of supporting community health and well-being. Appropriate for novice meditators and led by mindfulness researchers and certified teachers, these sessions offer guided meditations and talks that cultivate awareness and compassion. Attendees also have the opportunity to ask …

University Rankings Called To Account – Library Voices In The Conversation, Kara Jones Ms

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

The past few years have seen increasingly raised voices against the impact of University Rankings, such as QS, THE World University Rankings, ARWU and USNews. Research administrators have been particularly vocal about the influence of ranking systems on university behaviors and called for more responsible metrics and profiling tools that demonstrate distinctiveness.

This paper seeks to understand the role of the library in these conversations, particularly in light of recent strengthening of bibliometrics and scholarly communication initiatives that deal with source data for publication and citation elements of the rankings, and increased relationship-building with Research Offices and Institutional Policy and …

Community Outreach And Engagement In A Time Of Crisis: The Peer Research Consultants Program, Lauren Fralinger, Shatha Baydoun

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

The Peer Research Consultants (PRC) program at the University of Miami Libraries (UML), was formed in 2016 as part of the Learning Commons initiative to collocate and centralize academic services at Richter Library. Although the program had a virtual component in the form of chat and phone services when founded, it was primarily a physical setup where library student workers assisted researchers using a peer-to-peer system. In this paper, we highlight the historical trajectory of the peer research consultant (PRC) program in academic libraries using Richter Library as a case study. We argue that the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic …

The Future Of Flexible Work And Hybrid Work Culture Beyond Covid-19: Challenges, Opportunities And Lessons Learned At Uva Library, Mira Waller, Carla Lee

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

The COVID-19 pandemic led to some significant changes in how many of us work and live. It also exposed deep infrastructure problems and systemic equity issues around income, race, and employment and redefined the meaning of front-line essential worker. The pandemic’s acceleration of the move to remote and hybrid work in many areas, coupled with the redefining of essential work, will result in many libraries having to adapt operations and culture around a hybrid work environment.

While libraries prior to the pandemic did allow for some flexible work arrangements, telework was not an expected benefit nor was it universal enough …

A Marriage In Community Of People, Workflows And Practices: How Covid-19 Pandemic Propelled A Blending Of Inter-Library Loans And Reference Desk Services At The Botswana International University Of Science And Technology (Biust), Ayanda A. Lebele, Galefete Leswadula

Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences

The Covid 19 health protocols restrictions propelled BIUST library to adopt a multidimensional document delivery service that transcends beyond geographic boundaries. This descriptive narrative presents an innovative interweaving of workflows at BIUST library Reference Desk and the Inter-Library Loan (ILL) Services amidst the inherent digital divide and multiple copyrights related restrictions. Both the reference services and the ILL desk took up responsibilities of service administrations; user registration, orientation and instructional services; collection building and sharing; while also serving as the needed conduit with all types of stakeholders. The resultant net-lending service has not only transformed service processes but also enabled …

Race-Neutrality And Race-Consciousness In Students’ Sensemaking Of “Servingness” At Two Hispanic Serving Institutions, Nik Cristobal, Gina A. Garcia

Journal of Critical Scholarship on Higher Education and Student Affairs

Postsecondary institutions that enroll 25% or more Latinxs are eligible for federal designation as Hispanic Serving Institutions (HSIs). Yet few studies examine how students within HSIs make sense of what it means for an organization to be Latinx-serving. Utilizing interviews and focus groups with students at two HSIs in the Midwest, this study sought to understand how students make sense of the idea of “servingness.” We analyzed differences by students’ race/ethnicity within each institution, and by institution across the two sites. Data revealed a pattern of language that reflected race-neutrality and race-consciousness, with some differences by students’ race/ethnicity and stark …