Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Volunteering Experiences Of African American Millennials: An Exploratory Study, Kapreta J. Johnson

Public Affairs Dissertations

Volunteering is an invaluable resource and practice that connects people to much-needed services. Current research is limited on the practices and perspectives of African American volunteers in the United States. Through the application of surveys, interviews, and focus groups, this qualitative study explores the volunteer experiences of African American millennials. Based on an in-depth review of the literature on volunteerism and social capital theory, this study addresses the following research questions: What are the experiences and expectations of African American millennials participating in employer-sponsored volunteer activities? What are the challenges and limitations of participating in employer-sponsored volunteer activities? What are …

Reflections On Living Gender In Prison: A Phenomenological Inquiry, Amanda Marie Simms

Doctoral Dissertations

Gender Dysphoria was introduced as a new mental health diagnosis in the Diagnostic Statistics Manual-5 (DSM-5) as of 2013 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). As a result of this addition and the lack of attention to identities other than transgender, there is a paucity of data related to the lived experience of the broader category of other than cisgender inmates. An estimated an approximate number of 1.4 million transgender individuals in the United States and other than cisgender individuals make up between 25-35% of the transgender population (Herman et al., 2016; Webb et al., 2016). Additionally, 16% of gender minorities have …

Ouachita Baptist University General Catalog 2021-2022, Ouachita Baptist University

OBU Catalogs

This is the General Catalog Bulletin of Ouachita Baptist University with Announcements for the 2021-2022 school year in Arkadelphia, Arkansas.

Ouachita Baptist University Graduate And Professional Studies Catalog 2021-2022, Ouachita Baptist University

OBU Catalogs

This is the Graduate and Professional Studies Catalog of Ouachita Baptist University with Announcements for graduate students for the 2021-2022 school year in Arkadelphia, Arkansas.

School Counselors Use Of Creative Interventions With Culturally And Linguistically Diverse Students, Loidaly M. González-Rosario

Doctoral Dissertations

Culturally and linguistically diverse students (CLDS) are among the fastest growing population in U.S. schools. Researchers have examined how best to support adolescent CLDS with little attention to the socioemotional needs of elementary CLDS. The Multicultural Social Justice Counseling Competencies provide a framework for understanding the complex nature of counseling practice, balancing micro- and macro-level practice. Creative interventions have been successfully used with various populations who share similar communicative barriers to service. However, little is known about how school counselors meet the socioemotional needs of CLDS and what factors contribute to the use of creative interventions in school counseling. One …

Accentuate The (Low Arousal?) Positive: Effects Of Mindfulness On Positive Emotional Responding, Dean K Jordan

Doctoral Dissertations

Historically, mindfulness literature has focused far more on negative than positive emotions, and results regarding mindfulness’ influence on positive emotions are somewhat mixed. It is still unclear under what conditions mindfulness facilitates, reduces, or does not affect positive affective responding. A key likelihood of mindfulness practice is a fostering of the low-arousal positive affective (LoPA) state of peacefulness, while mindfulness practitioners warn against over-engagement with high-arousal positive affect (HiPA). Thus, mindfulness may be more likely to elicit LoPA than HiPA. However, few mindfulness studies even include measures of both LoPA and HiPA, and no study assesses how a mindfulness induction …

Using Mobile Device Data To Track The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Spatiotemporal Patterns Of National Park Visitation, John A. Kupfer, Zhenlong Li, Huan Ning, Xiao Huang

Faculty Publications

Effective quantification of visitation is important for understanding many impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on national parks and other protected areas. In this study, we mapped and analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of visitation for six national parks in the western U.S., taking advantage of large mobility records sampled from mobile devices and released by SafeGraph as part of their Social Distancing Metric dataset. Based on comparisons with visitation statistics released by the U.S. National Park Service, our results confirmed that mobility records from digital devices can effectively capture park visitation patterns but with much finer spatiotemporal granularity. In general, triggers …

Implementation Of Complex Interventions Lessons Learned From The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute Transitional Care Portfolio, Sabina B. Gesell, Janet Prvu Bettger, Raymona H. Lawrence, Jing Li, Jeanne Hoffman, Barbara J. Lutz, Corita R. Grudzen, Anna M. Johnson, Jerry A. Krishnan, Lewis Hsu, Dorien Zwart, Mark V. Williams, Jeffrey L. Schnipper

Department of Health Policy and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background:

Despite the well-documented risks to patient safety associated with transitions from one care setting to another, health care organizations struggle to identify which interventions to implement. Multiple strategies are often needed, and studying the effectiveness of these complex interventions is challenging.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to present lessons learned in implementing and evaluating complex transitional care interventions in routine clinical care.

Research Design:

Nine transitional care study teams share important common lessons in designing complex interventions with stakeholder engagement, implementation, and evaluation under pragmatic conditions (ie, using only existing resources), and disseminating findings in outlets that …

Faculty Research Profile: Bin Dong, Lutishoor Salisbury, Yang Tian, Jeremy Smith

University Libraries Faculty Publications and Presentations

This poster was compiled to commemorate the hiring of Dr. Bin Dong as Assistant Professor to the Department of the Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Arkansas from August 2021. It provides a summary of his research achievements and scholarly impact.

Inherent Frictions And Deliberate Frustrations: Examining The Legal Variables Of State Foi Law Administration, A.Jay Wagner

College of Communication Faculty Research and Publications

FOI laws are of a category of laws acutely predisposed to internal resistance and erosion. The study seeks to better understand these limitations by examining legal elements of the laws through an exploratory field study, or audit, of nine state FOI laws. Among the study’s findings are two uniquely strong predictors of better FOI results: The existence of an independent FOI advocacy organization in the state and a legislature subject to the law. The findings suggest cultivating a culture of transparency may be as or more important than any of the generally considered legal variables, such as deadlines or penalties.

Lidar Predictive Modeling Of Pacific Northwest Mound Sites: A Study Of Willamette Valley Kalapuya Mounds, Oregon (Usa), Tia Rachelle Cody, Shelby Anderson

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Archaeologists need new methods to survey large areas and overcome environmental and archaeological barriers to site discovery in heavily forested regions. LiDAR (light detection and ranging) technology is one possible solution to these challenges as LiDAR digitally clears away vegetation, facilitating large-scale remote sensing survey. The Calapooia Watershed, located in the southern Willamette Valley of Oregon, is an ideal area to utilize LiDAR. While valley lowlands are cleared for agriculture, riverine areas remain heavily wooded and are known to contain hundreds of low-lying earthwork features created by pre-colonial Kalapuyan people. To assess the potential application of LiDAR in this region, …

Participatory Gis Mapping Highlights Indirect Use And Existence Values Of Coastal Resources And Marine Conservation Areas, Kaegan M. Scully‐Engelmeyer, Elise F. Granek, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Greg Brown

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Consideration of social and cultural dimensions in coastal and marine planning has increased and ecosystem services provide important framing to investigate values and priorities associated with these systems. Research efforts in coastal communities offer insights on social dimensions of ocean and coastal management decisions, but questions remain about how demographics and geographic residence affect perceptions of marine resources and management. We conducted and analyzed a public participation geographic information system (PPGIS) mapping survey of Oregon residents to capture uses and perceived values of coastal and marine areas. We measured coastal values, explored regional differences in those values, and identified a …

The Moderating Role Of Social Support In Stigma And Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression, Taylor Phillips

Undergraduate Honors Theses

In this study, we examine the relationship between having a support system and the stigma individuals face with depression and anxiety symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine if having a support system acts as a buffer between perceived stigma and mental health symptoms. For this study, I conducted an online survey to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety, experiences with both perceived and internalized stigma, and social support. While 93 total participants engaged in the survey, only 52 fully completed the survey and passed two attention-check questions to ensure no invalid participation (e.g., BOTS) were present. In …

Belonging And Bias : How Diatonicity And Response Bias Affect Pitch Memory In A Probe Tone Task, Jeff Bostwick

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Prior research (e.g., Krumhansl, 1979) using a delayed recognition task has found a memory advantage for standard (to-be-remembered) tones that belong to the key of a tonal context (diatonic tones) over those that do not belong to the key of a tonal context (nondiatonic tones). The advantage is purportedly due to the tonal context differentially supporting diatonic over nondiatonic tones. However, this research confounded a change in pitch with a change in diatonicity, raising the possibility that participants were responding to the diatonicity change rather than relying on memory for the standard tone’s pitch specifically. More recent studies (e.g., Frankland …

Essays On Medicare Part D Market : Sources Of Welfare Effects And Merger And Acquisition Effects, Yichuan Wang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation contains three essays on the Medicare Part D market in the United States. Three chapters account the benefit of Medicare Part D, analyze how merger and acquisition affect insurance plan’s characteristics and how merger and acquisition affect senior’s health outcomes.The first chapter studies the benefits of Medicare Part D. The Medicare prescription drug program (Part D) launched in 2006. Since then, the stand-alone prescription drug plans (PDPs) available to consumers and their plan characteristics have been evolving. This paper examines how those evolutions affect consumer surplus of Medicare beneficiaries. We estimate a structural demand model of stand-alone PDPs …

A Comparison Of Implicit And Explicit Error Detection And Their Effects On Purchase Intention And Judgments Of Quality, Rachel Fernandes

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In an online study of purchase intent based on Chinese menu inspection, explicitly noticing grammatical errors by hotspot click was more detrimental to judgments of quality than implicit detection by error estimation. When they estimated errors in a survey question (ordinal measure), participants who reported many (more than nine) errors had lower purchase intent and ratings of quality compared to those with few (about six) or no errors. However, with the more novel, continuous measure based on hotspot detection, participant purchase intent did not decrease as the number of errors noticed increased. Importantly, there were no differences between the hotspot …

Intergenerational Risk Of Maternal Childhood Maltreatment On Infant Health Concerns In Low-Income Mexican American Mother-Child Dyads, Amanda Flagg

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Childhood maltreatment confers greater risk for psychopathology, health problems, and early mortality in adulthood. Emerging literature suggests that maternal childhood maltreatment exposure may have intergenerational consequences for infant health by interfering with mothers’ abilities to engage in sensitive and responsive caregiving. Although no studies to date have investigated contributions of maternal sensitivity to infant health, parallel bodies of research have shown that sensitive responding is an important predictor of infant physiological regulation, which is also related to immune functioning. The current study examined the associations between maternal childhood maltreatment, infant health concerns, and maternal sensitivity in a low income, Mexican …

Supporting Teachers During Restorative Justice Implementation : The Role Of Silence, Reflection, And Dialogue, Nicole E. Menting-Wilson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACTAcross the United States, Restorative Justice (RJ) practices are adopted with the intent to transform zero-tolerant and neoliberal school environments into cultures of care. RJ utilizes dialogue, reflection, and silence as tools to honor human relationships, build community, and respect diversity. Although it is known that school change is intricately connected to teacher change, there has been little attention given on how to best support teachers during RJ implementation. This study engaged seven teachers and one school psychologist in bi-weekly circles over a period of three months around the topic of creating a culture of care. The study inquired how …

It Takes Two To Tango : Understanding The Processes That Lead To Simultaneous Changes In Tropical Cyclone Intensity And Size And Communicating The Associated Hazards To Emergency Managers, Emily A. Paltz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The severity of tropical cyclone (TC) hazards is modulated by both TC intensity and size. More intense TCs produce stronger storm surges and increase wind damage. Larger TCs potentially impact more people, increase the duration of TC hazards, produce stronger storm surges and increase the amount of rainfall and flooding. Thus, accurately forecasting both TC intensity and size and effectively communicating those forecasts are critical to properly preparing communities for TC impacts. Forecast accuracy can be improved by enhancing our understanding about the processes that cause changes in TC intensity and size. This research divides the Extended Best Track dataset …

Legal Status Fluidity : Theorizing Legal Status Transitions And How Filipino Immigrants Navigate Immigration Pathways, Daniela Jan Torres Pila

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Scholars need to explore legal status and the movement in between legal statuses as a separate phenomenon from citizenship. I develop the “legal status fluidity” framework to investigate how immigrants navigate the U.S. immigration system. I draw my analysis from 54 in-depth interviews and 100 hours of multi-sited participant observation with Filipino and Filipino Americans immigrants from the Greater New York metropolitan area. To access these pathways, immigrants need to a) acquire social and financial capital pre- and post-migration b) access to varied pathways through family and employment and c) utilize their historical relationship with the receiving country. Legal statuses …

The Phonology And Syntax Of Grammatical Tone In Copala Triqui, Jamillah Shantel Rodriguez

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Copala Triqui is an Otomanguean language of Oaxaca, Mexico with a highly complex tone system. In Copala Triqui, the lowering of tone from an upper register tone to a lower register tone acts as a conveyor of grammatical information. Tone lowering occurs across many syntactic environments in the language (Hollenbach, 1984; Broadwell; 2011; Broadwell, 2016; Broadwell & Clemens, 2017; Rodriguez & Clemens, 2020). In this thesis, I consider two aspects of tone lowering: i) the representation of tone lowering in the phonology and ii) the syntactic trigger for tone lowering across multiple environments.

The Evolution Of Sex Differences In Mandrills (Mandrillus Sphinx): Micro- And Macroevolution, Jerred Klint Schafer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Primates show diverse patterns of adaptive color and body size dimorphism produced by inter- and intrasexual selection. However, the specific microevolutionary processes that produce variation in secondary sexual characteristics remain largely unexplored in primates. Furthermore, sexual conflict theory predicts that female and male secondary sexual traits can coevolve in an antagonistic manner and promote speciation. This dissertation explores the microevolution of secondary sexual characteristics in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) and the macroevolution of these characters in anthropoid primates. I address the microevolution of mandrill facial coloration and body mass by estimating the heritability, phenotypic selection, and genetic evolution of these traits …

Rurality And The Opioid Crisis In U.S. Counties : A Spatiotemporal Investigation, Feinuo Sun

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Previous studies on the opioid crisis in the United States at the subnational level rarely consider temporal and spatial dependency simultaneously. Under the theoretical framework of spatial inequality, this dissertation aims to understand how the uneven development of the opioid crisis across the rural-urban spectrum has been constructed and evolved from 2006 to 2018. Based on a new continuous measure of rurality, a spatiotemporal dataset is assembled based on the Multiple-Cause-of-Deaths File and other federal data sources, such as the U.S. Opioid Dispensing Map and the American Community Survey. The methods include geographical mapping, fixed effects modeling, and spatial panel …

Care Roles And Motherhood In Forced Migration : Venezuelan Mothers Living In Lima And New York City, Daniela Rebeca Ugarte Villalobos

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

To the extent that the Venezuelan crisis deepened, more than 5 million Venezuelan citizens had fled the country in May of 2021. This migration has impacted the continent in numerous ways and their receiving countries of the diaspora since it is one of the region's unique and extensive migration phenomena. However, this forced migration due to the country's humanitarian crisis has also impacted the families that migrated outside Venezuela. This research focuses on Venezuelan mothers who migrated to Lima, Peru, and NYC, the US. It analyses how this forced migration has changed these women's care roles and motherhood roles inside …

Test-Driving Interventions For Teachers: A Proactive Method For Improving Treatment Integrity, Stefanie Schrieber

Dissertations

Test-driving is an antecedent method utilized to improve the extent to which teachers adhere to implementation procedures of student interventions (i.e., treatment integrity). The current study aimed to extend the literature on the test-driving intervention with three teacher-student dyads in a high school setting using a multiple baseline design. Teacher/student dyads were recruited based on teacher referral to the schools’ behavioral consultants. Recruited teachers began in a consultation-as-usual phase, where procedures were implemented consistent with the problem-solving consultation model (e.g., problem identification, problem analysis, treatment implementation, and treatment evaluation). Teachers who demonstrated 50% or lower adherence to treatment components were …

Changing Criminal Thinking: An Examination Of Heterogeneity In Treatment Effects In A Sample Of Justice-Involved Persons With Dual Diagnoses, Michael Lester

Dissertations

Recent studies have indicated variability in cognitive change for justice-involved persons with mental illness exposed to treatments for criminal thinking and psychiatric risk factors. Research suggests that proactive styles of criminal thinking may be more difficult to change than impulsive or reactive styles. To date, however, no studies have identified risk factors for a limited response or modeled observed disparities in responsivity to interventions aimed at reducing criminal thinking. Using an archival dataset comprising 206 probationers with a dual diagnosis who were exposed to active CBT-based treatment, a latent profile analysis modeled unobserved heterogeneity in treatment response per observed changes …

The Effect Of Token Economies On Student Behavior In The Preschool Classroom: A Meta-Analysis, Lynda B. Hayes

Dissertations

There has been a recent push in the literature to identify and use more evidence-based practices for positive behavioral supports for challenging student behaviors in the classroom environment. Further, interest in targeting early education environments such as preschool has been growing given the persistence of behavioral difficulties in the absence of early and effective intervention (Campbell & Ewing, 1990; Kazdin, 1987; Powell, Dunlap, Fox, 2006; Stormont, 2002). Two previous meta-analyses (Maggin et al., 2011; Soares et al., 2016) provided some initial support for effectiveness of token economies with challenging student behavior; however, the inclusion of the preschool setting was limited …

How Well Do You Know Your Reach?, Tyler Surber

Dissertations

How does the relationship between an actor’s body proportions (eye-, shoulder-, and arm length) and environmental properties (object distance) affect the perception of whether an object is within reach? Experiment 1 demonstrated that participants are more accurate at judging their own eye height than shoulder height. Experiment 2 revealed that participants can accurately perceive the angular direction to a target object’s location. Interestingly, their pointing errors were significantly smaller when measured from the shoulder as a reference point than from the eye. In Experiment 3 we verified this finding using a functionally meaningful affordance task of reaching to a target …

Identification Of Cultural Differences And Their Effects On International Relations: A Novel Approach, Stephen W. Jones

Dissertations

International Relations suffers from underspecified treatments of culture that risk reifying, essentializing, or ignoring the effects of cultural differences in the conduct of relationships between states. Following a review of the development of the culture concept, this interpretivist, epistemologically critical realist, dissertation introduces intercultural adaptive frameshifting from the intercultural communication literature. To assess whether culture has effect within an epistemic community, four frameworks are evaluated within a non-IR field (global Christian reasoning). Speech act theory is used to assess meaningful affect through illocutionary and/or perlocutionary divergence based on cultural difference.

Following the findings that such cultural differences do in fact …

When You Play The Game Of Drones, You Win Or You Die: Examining The Role Of U.S. Drone Strikes In U.S. And English Language Allies Newspapers From 2008-2019, Melissa Aho

Dissertations

In the years following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States ramped up its usage of drones and drone strikes around the world. Spanning three United States’ presidents, drone strikes became a regular feature in the US military arsenal. While American newspaper media and citizens have been very pro-drone, global citizens view drones in a far more negative light. This study examines US military drone strikes and English-speaking allied newspapers in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom and evaluates if coverage remains positive or negative depending on the newspaper’s conservative or liberal leanings from 2008–2019. …