Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

From Isolation To Independence: A Comparison Study Of Juvenile Solitary Confinement Practices In The United States And Germany, Claire Banks

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

The “tough on crime” mentality originating in the 1980’s resulted in a crackdown of juvenile offenders for categorically non-dangerous crimes, leaving many to fend for themselves in high security prisons. An even more harrowing reality, tens of thousands of juvenile offenders in those state and federal prisons today are placed in solitary confinement for week or months on end. Extensive research indicates that solitary confinement has devastating effects on human development, mental soundness, and emotional coping – effects that, unsurprisingly, are much more devastating for juveniles than adults – signaling a desperate need for change. Looking to Germany as a …

Is This Belt One Size Fits All? China's Belt And Road Initiative, John C. Byrnes

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

Widely considered one of the largest and most ambitious infrastructure projects in human history, China’s Belt and Road Initiative [BRI] has made major headway since its inception in 2013. Although the BRI is formally adopted under the Chinese Communist Party Constitution as an initiative to secure “shared growth through discussion and collaboration,” the BRI is much more than these words convey. This Comment briefly introduces an overview of the BRI, including its components and early research on its effects on participating countries and regions. The Comment then conducts an in-depth analysis of four countries who have participated in the BRI …

The Role Of International Human Rights Law In The Adjudication Of Economic, Social, And Cultural Rights In Africa, John Mukum Mbaku

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

Since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, there has been significant progress in the recognition and protection of human rights around the world. The international community has, since 1948, adopted several treaties, which impose obligations on States Parties to make certain that the human and fundamental rights of their citizens are recognized and fully protected. Although human rights are considered the domain of international law, international legal scholars have argued that national governments—that is, the governments of States Parties—must function as the mechanisms for enforcing international human rights law. However, in order for national governments …

Hassle-Free Travel: Myrie V. Barbados And Freedom Of Movement In Caricom, Jane E. Cross

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

No abstract provided.

A Tale Of Two Cities: Lhasa And Hong Kong In The Shadow Of Mao, Steven D. Mewha

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

No abstract provided.

The Rise Of American Conservatism In Israel, Rafi Reznik

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

The American fascination with the link between interpretive methodology and political ideology rarely reaches beyond its borders. This Article offers a comparative case study, which converses with the American example—Israel. A twofold argument is offered to facilitate this conversation. First, the Article identifies a shift in the ideological climate of the Supreme Court of Israel, manifested in the rise of a new interpretive method. For the first time, the interpretive theory prevailing in Israel, Purposive Interpretation, faces a viable competitor. The Article unpacks the challenges posed by the new theory, termed Purposive Originalism, in methodology as well as underlying understanding …

Foreword

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

No abstract provided.

Dedication

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

No abstract provided.

Jlia Editorial Board & Staff

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

No abstract provided.

Sensitization And Awareness Creation As Tools For Curbing Perceived Effects Of Covid-19 Pandemic On University Library Users In Nigeria, Ashiver Elizabeth Annune Phd, Cln,Mnla, Jessica Ahemen Agoh Phd, Cln, Mnla, Doocivir Faith Annune Cln, Dominic Aondohemba Ihongo Cln, Mnla

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The devastated effects of Corona-virus Disease, 2019 (COVID-19) on humanity have grounded every sphere of human endeavour including university libraries. University libraries are so concerned about the safety and well being of its users hence, the struggle to put all mechanism in place for their maximum comfort. As a result, this paper discusses sensitization and awareness creation as tools for curbing the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on University Library users in Nigeria. Specifically, it looks at the emergence of COVID-19 and its global effect, effects of COVID-19 on university libraries, sensitization and awareness creation of COVID-19 pandemic by University libraries, …

Open Access E-Books On Big Data: An Analytical Study Through Doab, Sanghita De, Parikshit Mondal

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

1. Purpose: This study attempts to trace out the trend of use of open access e-books on Big Data through analytical study of bibliometric fields of the books.
2. Design methodology: The present quantitative study analyses different bibliographical attributes of the books like title, degree of author collaboration, citation, density of keywords, trend of subject, and marketing areas etc.
3. Findings: The bibliographic analysis of 127 books available in DOAB, finds that in spite of having a rising interest on the topic Big Data, a visible gap is seen in the availability of resources found in DOAB in the form of books …

Accessibility Of Library Facilities By Wheelchair Users: The Case Of Libraries In Lagos State, Nigeria., Christopher Nkiko Dr, Jerome Idiegbeyan-Ose Dr, Promise Ilo Dr, Ifeakachuku Osinulu, Goodluck Ifijeh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Elimination of all barriers is a critical determinant to accessibility and utilization of library resources. The study investigated library facilities in selected libraries in Lagos State, Nigeria to determine their relative accessibility by wheelchair library users. It employed personal observation in which requisite facilities were digitally photographed and this approach was complemented by secondary data. The study found inter alia that all the respondent libraries had no ramps or functional elevators, hence not accessible by wheelchair users; other facilities such as catalogues, circulation desks, shelves, toilets were also designed in a manner that excludes the wheelchair users from access. The …

Constitution Con, Samantha Reardon, Elizabeth Friedly

Research Guides & Subject Bibliographies

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Just World Beliefs And Life Satisfaction, Warren G. Harding, Jasmin T. Mcconatha, V. Krishna Kumar

Psychology Faculty Publications

An important and often unexplored factor shaping life satisfaction is one’s perception of the world as a “just” place. The “just world hypothesis” is predicated on the idea that the world works as a place where people get what they merit, an idea that often serves as a means for people to rationalize injustices. The research addressing just world beliefs has expanded into a four-factor model that categorizes just world beliefs for self and others into subcategories of distributive and procedural justice. Distributive justice involves evaluations of the fairness of outcomes, allocations, or distribution of resources, while procedural concerns evaluations …

Spartan Daily, September 3, 2020, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2020

Volume 155, Issue 7

Predictors Of Aberrant Driving Behaviours And Accident Involvement : Quantitative Objective And Subjective Evidence From Chinese And Pakistani Drivers, Rayna Sadia

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

Traffic safety has emerged as a primary issue for governments, policymakers, and researchers globally since the surge of automobiles. Outcomes of minimal adherence to traffic safety (road traffic accidents, injuries, and fatalities) are detrimental to the socio-economic growth of any country. Human factors, by far, provide efficient opportunities to improve traffic safety than environmental and engineering factors. Among human factors, driving behaviours have higher potential to harm traffic safety than driving performance. Western empirical findings using self-reported measures have established the predictive role of driving behaviours in crash involvement. Due to cultural differences in the traffic environment and lack of …

A Preliminary Study Interrogating The Cataloging And Classification Schemes Of A K-12 Book Discovery Platform Through A Critical Race Theory Lens, Kafi D. Kumasi, Cynthia Jimes, Amee Evans Godwin, Lisa A. Petrides, Anastasia Karaglani

School of Information Sciences Faculty Research Publications

This article presents the results of a preliminary study to examine the cataloging and classification schemes and ideological factors that play out in book discovery platforms for children’s and young adult books. Using Critical Race Theory and a Rapid Contextual Design approach to exploring the curatorial behaviors of school librarians when searching for diverse books, the study offers design ideas for retooling discovery platforms in ways that bridge the cultural disconnect that young adults from historically marginalized racial backgrounds experience in their libraries. The article concludes that in order for school librarians to find, recommend and teach about books that …

The Cowl - V.85 - N.1 - Sep 3, 2020

The Cowl

The Cowl - student newspaper of Providence College. Volume 85 No. 1 - September 3, 2020. 20 pages.

Marc Tiritilli On His 2021 Campaign For Mayor Of Normal, Ryan Denham

Interviews for WGLT

Marc Tiritilli, IWU Makerspace Manager & Instrument Specialist, discussed his campaign to become the next mayor of Normal, Illinois with Ryan Denham from WGLT Radio.

S.W.O.T Analysis Of E-Learning Platform, Sakai: Users’ Perspective, Samuel Owusu-Ansah

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The interest in integrating eLearning platforms in teaching environments are on the increase in higher learning institutions. In view of this, the study focused on assessing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of using the eLearning Platform, SAKAI, in the School of Continuing and Distance Education (SCDE), University of Ghana, Legon. A survey was conducted and two hundred and seventy-four (274) distance learning students from the University of Ghana, Legon were selected by simple random sampling method to collect primary data using questionnaires. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was then used to analyze the completed questionnaire and …

Covid-19: Housing Hardship Index, Yanneli Llamas, Madison Frazee-Bench, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.

Housing & Real Estate

This fact sheet highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on May 2020 unemployment rates and mortgage delinquencies in the Mountain West: Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. This synthesis is based on nationwide data originally reported by Bankrate senior mortgage reporter Jeff Ostrowski in “Housing Hardship Index: Coronavirus crushes some state economies, spares others.”

Cedarville University Reports Record Enrollment, Mark D. Weinstein

News Releases

For the 14^th consecutive year, Cedarville has recorded a record enrollment of undergraduate, graduate, and online students. According to a report filed by Cedarville’s registrar, the university’s enrollment for 2020-21 has climbed to 4,550 students — an increase of 3.7%, or 170 students, from last year’s enrollment of 4,380 students.

Open Is Not Forever: A Study Of Vanished Open Access Journals, Mikael Laakso, Lisa Matthias, Najko Jahn

Copyright, Fair Use, Scholarly Communication, etc.

The preservation of the scholarly record has been a point of concern since the beginning of knowledge production. With print publications, the responsibility rested primarily with librarians, but the shift towards digital publishing and, in particular, the introduction of open access (OA) have caused ambiguity and complexity. Consequently, the long-term accessibility of journals is not always guaranteed, and they can even disappear from the web completely. The purpose of this exploratory study is to systematically study the phenomenon of vanished journals, something that has not been done before. For the analysis, we consulted several major bibliographic indexes, such as Scopus, …

Leveraging Local Resources And Contexts For Inclusive Computer Science Classrooms: Reflections From Experienced High School Teachers Implementing Electronic Textiles, Mia S. Shaw, Deborah A. Fields, Yasmin B. Kafai

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

Background and context

Promoting open-ended projects presents new opportunities and challenges for inclusive teaching in CS classrooms. While efforts have been made to develop inclusive curricula, little research has focused on ways teachers apply curricula in their classrooms to promote inclusion.

Objective

To understand the challenges faced in facilitating an open-ended unit and the pedagogical strategies enacted to address those challenges, we analyze the self-reported teaching practices that experienced teachers developed in their implementation of a constructionist electronic textiles unit in Exploring Computer Science.

Method

We inductively analyzed and coded 17 experienced teachers’ weekly surveys and post-interviews.

Findings

Teachers …

Comparing The Promise And Reality Of E-Scooters: A Critical Assessment Of Equity Improvements And Mode-Shift, Michael Glenn Mcqueen

Dissertations and Theses

In just three years, e-scooters have substantially disrupted and altered the urban mobility landscape. Throughout this period, they have been commonly touted as part of a larger micromobility solution that promises to erase equity barriers and solve the first-mile/last-mile problem. However, few studies in the nascent e-scooter literature have considered these claims. In this study, we surveyed students at Portland State University (n = 1,968) about the role that e-scooters, among other modes, played in meeting their general and university-related travel needs. We then estimated models that incorporated demographics, travel behavior, and latent attitudes distilled using exploratory factor analysis (EFA). …

Cognitive Behavioral Therapies For The Management Of Chronic Pain, Kira Swensen, Maren Wright Voss, Alise Williams Condie, Ashley Yaugher

All Current Publications

Chronic pain is pain that lasts longer than six months and may continue even after illnesses or injuries have healed (Cleveland Clinic, 2017). Pain signals in the nervous system can remain active for several years if they are altered in the spinal cord, becoming stronger than they normally would or should be (Reichling & Levine, 2009). Chronic pain can also occur without illness or injury (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2019). Fortunately, many evidence-based strategies for managing chronic pain are available to ease the discomfort. This fact sheet reviews those strategies.

Reimagining Peer Review, Emily Ford

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

As you may recall, the 2020 Critical Library and Pedagogy Symposium instituted an open peer review process—not masking submitters’ names and other identifying information—to review proposed sessions. This decision came after the committee noted a lack of diversity in accepted sessions using a closed review process. Using open peer review allowed the committee to balance accepted proposals and offer a diverse range of views and experiences among presenters. This hour-long facilitated discussion will examine bias and power structures inherent in peer review. It will be an interactive session that allows participants to critically examine their views and previous experiences with …

Kentucky Public Schools As Educational Bright Spots (September 2020), Michael T. Childress

CBER Research Report

Understanding the reasons for better‐than‐expected performance across Kentucky's 173 school districts, taking into account student outcomes, backgrounds, and school district characteristics. Building on the previous work with school districts and using school-level data, this paper discusses the estimated expected level of school-level performance using district-level fixed effects. From this broad range of student outcomes, family and community backgrounds, and school characteristics, we identify schools that have performed better than expected—which we refer to as “bright spots.”

Grasso, Ralph W., Jr. 1999. “An Oral Narrative Recorded By Mary Ann Cardillo Fitzgerald.” West Side Oral Narrative Project: Transcribing Discourse And Diversity, Annotated Transcript No.1, November 9, 2020, Skidmore College

Transcribing Discourse and Diversity in Saratoga Springs, New York

Ralph W. Grasso Jr. (1933- ) was born and raised in Saratoga Springs, New York to Italian immigrant parents. He enlisted in the United States Air Force and served in Korea and Japan. After the military, he returned to Saratoga Springs and settled with his family. The interview includes his memories of West Side childhood activities, such as playing pranks, sledding injuries, serving as an altar boy at St. Peter’s Catholic Church, shining shoes on Broadway, and assisting his father at the family’s store on Beekman Street. He also tells of adult activities, such as playing card games and bocce …