Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Integrated Low-Rank-Based Discriminative Feature Learning For Recognition, Pan Zhou, Zhouchen Lin, Chao Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Feature learning plays a central role in pattern recognition. In recent years, many representation-based feature learning methods have been proposed and have achieved great success in many applications. However, these methods perform feature learning and subsequent classification in two separate steps, which may not be optimal for recognition tasks. In this paper, we present a supervised low-rank-based approach for learning discriminative features. By integrating latent low-rank representation (LatLRR) with a ridge regression-based classifier, our approach combines feature learning with classification, so that the regulated classification error is minimized. In this way, the extracted features are more discriminative for the recognition …

Using Satellite Image Analysis For Locating Prehistoric Archaeological Sites In Alaska's Central Brooks Range, Robert Hickey, J. Keeney

Geography Faculty Scholarship

In this pilot study, we apply satellite image analysis to archaeological site prospection in Alaska's Brooks Range. Our goal was to test whether satellite remote sensing, which has been successful in locating large archaeological features associated with sedentary peoples, could be applied to arctic interior sites associated with mobile hunter–gatherers. In particular, we strove to develop a relatively straightforward and inexpensive model using existing data which could be used to help guide archaeology surveys. Using 1-m resolution IKONOS imagery of Lake Matcharak along the upper Noatak River, we produced a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and tasseled cap transformation of …

Hampton Roads Resilient Region Reality Check: Increasing Community Resilience And Capacity To Adapt To Changes, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Michelle Covi, Burton St. John Iii

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

The Hampton Roads Resilient Region Reality Check event was held on March 17, 2015 at Old Dominion University. The event was built on three key themes: a region-wide, multi-sectoral, and whole-of-community approach that is oriented toward actions to address SLR and flooding. This event was a collaboration between the Urban Land Institute Hampton Roads (HRULI), Old Dominion University (ODU), and the Community Engagement Working Group of the Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise Preparedness and Resilience Intergovernmental Planning Pilot Project.

The overall goals of the event were to (1) capture the perceptions of the Hampton Roads community on their risks associated …

Dihedral-Like Constructions Of Automorphic Loops, Mouna Ramadan Aboras

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation we study dihedral-like constructions of automorphic loops. Automorphic loops are loops in which all inner mappings are automorphisms. We start by describing a generalization of the dihedral construction for groups. Namely, if (G , +) is an abelian group, m > 1 and α ∈2 Aut(G ), let Dih(m, G, α) on Z_m × G be defined by

(i, u )(j, v ) = (i + j , ((-1)^j u + v )α^ij ).

We prove that the resulting loop is automorphic if and only if m = 2 …

Spectropolarimetry Of Epsilon Aurigae: Probing Stellar And Disk Atmospheres, Kathleen M. Geise

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The bright eclipsing binary system epsilon Aurigae offers a unique opportunity to uncover physical mechanisms contributing to disk formation and evolution and to explore the relationship between photospheric anisotropies, stellar pulsation and mass loss. This research contributes to our understanding of stellar evolution in the context of binary stars. The research also offers the opportunity to investigate disk formation and evolution significant to our understanding of protoplanetary disks now seen in many star systems. Lastly, the project considers radiative transfer of polarized light that contributes to diverse fields such as atmospheric studies of exoplanets.

My objective is to understand the …

Anomalous Thermal Indicators From Authigenic Minerals In Upper Paleozoic Strata Of The Michigan Basin, Kyle Cox

Masters Theses

Indications of anomalous paleo-temperatures exist in strata of the Michigan basin, USA. The thermal history of the basin was investigated through identification and analysis of authigenic components in two Upper Paleozoic strata, the Devonian Dundee Formation and Mississippian Marshall Sandstone. Formation conditions for diagenetic phases in both units were estimated through a variety of means and compared to conditions expected for a simple burial model. Authigenic clays identified in the Marshall via X-ray diffraction are expected to have formed at temperatures above what would have been produced by burial alone. Stable isotope and fluid inclusion analysis indicate the same for …

Lithologic Properties Of The Upper Ordovician Utica Formation, Michigan Basin, Usa: A Geological Characterization And Assessment Of Carbon Dioxide Confinement Potential, Frank Richard Sattler

Masters Theses

The Utica/Maquoketa Shale is considered to be the primary confining layer for Cambro-Ordovician CO₂ sequestration targets in the Midwest in the Michigan and Illinois basins, respectively. Prospective regional geologic seals in mudrock formations possess a combination of lithologic properties including nanometer scale pore space, elevated breakthrough pressures for non-wetting fluid phases and ductile mechanical deformation. Mineralogical composition is related to and typically controls these properties.

The objective of this study is to investigate the geological controls on stratigraphic and lithologic variability in the Utica/Collingwood in the Michigan basin. Twelve conventional cores and hundreds of modern well logs from the …

Investigating The Unique Occurrence Of Polytypism And The Role Of Available Shell Precursors In The Growth Of Giant Shell Quantum Dots, Somak Majumder

Dissertations - ALL

Researchers have epitaxially grown thick inorganic shells on the surface of quantum dots (QDs) cores to improve quantum yields, increase photostability and suppress fluorescence intermittency (blinking) in ‘giant quantum dots’ (gQDs). These unique properties make gQDs excellent candidates for applications in lasers, single molecular probes and solid state LEDs. Although a growing wealth of knowledge exists for the photophysical properties of the gQDs, limited research has been directed towards understanding the synthetic intricacies and crystal growth. In this dissertation work I present a detailed study of the growth of CdSe/CdZnS multishell gQDs and focus on crystallographic and morphological evolution. I …

Poletsky-Stessin Hardy Spaces On The Unit Disk, Khim Raj Shrestha

Dissertations - ALL

The holomorphic functions on the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ in the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$ have a remarkable property: to know the values of a holomorphic function on $\mathbb{D}$ it suffices to know only its values on the unit circle $\mathbb{T}$. However not all holomorphic functions on $\mathbb{D}$ are defined on $\mathbb{T}$ and the major problem of establishing such values (called boundary values) led to the appearance of Hardy spaces $H^p(\mathbb{D})$, $p\ge1$. If a function lies in a Hardy space then its boundary values can be defined and its values on $\mathbb{D}$ can be obtained using standard Cauchy or Poisson formulas.

The …

Examining The Toxicity, Exposure, And Regulatory Approach To Potential Human Health Risks Of The Algal Toxin Domoic Acid, Thomas H. Angus

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Domoic acid is a neurotoxin produced by the marine diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia and causes cell death primarily in the area of the brain responsible for long-term memory. The resulting severe illness has been termed amnesic shellfish poisoning. Domoic acid accumulates in shellfish and planktivorous fish that consume Pseudo-nitzschia, resulting in exposure to humans through consumption of planktivorous seafood. A regulatory standard in seafood was developed shortly after its discovery in 1987 to protect against acute effects. This regulatory standard has not been revised despite significant recent data in the scientific literature.

This dissertation is divided into four sections: (1) …

Research For The Advancement Of Green Chemistry Practice: Studies In Atmospheric And Educational Chemistry, Steven Gene Cullipher

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Green chemistry is a philosophy of chemistry that emphasizes a decreasing dependence on limited non-renewable resources and an increasing focus on preventing pollution byproducts of the chemical industry. In short, it is the discipline of chemistry practiced through the lens of environmental stewardship. In an effort to advance the practice of green chemistry, three studies will be described that have ramifications for the practice. The first study examines the atmospheric oxidation of a hydrofluorinated ether, a third-generation CFC replacement compound with primarily unknown atmospheric degradation products. Determination of these products has the potential to impact decisions on refrigerant usage in …

Protein Domain Linker Prediction: A Direction For Detecting Protein-Protein Interactions, Maad Mohammad Hasan Shatnawi

Dissertations

Protein chains are generally long and consist of multiple domains. Domains are the basic elements of protein structures that can exist, evolve, and function independently. The accurate and reliable identification of protein domains and their interactions has very important impacts in several protein research areas. The accurate prediction of protein domains is a fundamental stage in both experimental and computational proteomics. The knowledge of domains is an initial stage of protein tertiary structure prediction which can give insight into the way in which proteins work. The knowledge of domains is also useful in classifying proteins, understanding their structures, functions and …

Extremal H-Colorings Of Graphs With Fixed Minimum Degree, John Engbers

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

For graphs G and H, a homomorphism from G to H, or H-coloring of G, is a map from the vertices of G to the vertices of H that preserves adjacency. When H is composed of an edge with one looped endvertex, an H-coloring of G corresponds to an independent set in G. Galvin showed that, for sufficiently large n, the complete bipartite graph Κ is the n-vertex graph with minimum degree δ that has the largest number of independent sets. In this article, we begin the project of generalizing this result …

Time-Frequency Analysis Reveals Pairwise Interactions In Insect Swarms, James G. Puckett, Rui Ni, Nicholas T. Ouellette

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

The macroscopic emergent behavior of social animal groups is a classic example of dynamical self-organization, and is thought to arise from the local interactions between individuals. Determining these interactions from empirical data sets of real animal groups, however, is challenging. Using multicamera imaging and tracking, we studied the motion of individual flying midges in laboratory mating swarms. By performing a time-frequency analysis of the midge trajectories, we show that the midge behavior can be segmented into two distinct modes: one that is independent and composed of low-frequency maneuvers, and one that consists of higher-frequency nearly harmonic oscillations conducted in synchrony …

Optimal Defensive Strategies In One-Dimensional Risk, Darren B. Glass, Todd W. Neller

Math Faculty Publications

We consider a one-dimensional version of the board game RISK and discuss the problem of how a defending player might choose to distribute his armies along a chain of territories in order to maximize the probability of survival. In particular, we analyze a Markov chain model of this situation and run computer simulations in order to make conjectures as to the optimal strategies. The latter sections of the paper analyze this strategy rigorously and use results on recurrence relations and probability theory in order to prove a related result.

Mcicsl Newsletter - June 2015, Shannon R. Trimboli Education Coordinator

MCICSL Newsletter

This issue includes the following:

Dayton Regional STEM School participates in 5 citizen science projects over 2 days

Public dye traces provide valuable research knowledge and public engagement

Barren County Middle School students collect dragonfly larvae for multi-park citizen science project

as well as Summer research projects, in the news and new interns.

Secondary Mathematics Teachers’ Attitudes And Beliefs Toward Statistics: Developing An Initial Profile, Christina M. Zumbrun

Dissertations

Over the last several decades, mathematics education researchers have given increased attention to students’ and teachers’ attitudes and beliefs toward mathematics and statistics, but no work has been done that examines practicing secondary mathematics teachers’ (SMTs’) attitudes and beliefs towards statistics in light of the GAISE framework and the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics (CCSSM). This study begins to address this gap in the research by creating the Teacher Attitude and Beliefs toward Statistics Survey (TABSS), a synthesis of items taken from the Survey of Attitudes Toward Statistics (Schau, 2003), the Statistics Course Attitude Scale and newly developed items …

A Statistical Study Of The Dawn-Dusk Asymmetry Of Ion Temperature Anistrophy And Mirror Mode Occurrence In The Terrestrial Dayside Magnetosheath Using Themis Data, A. P. Dimmock, A. Osmane, T. I. Pulkkinen, K. Nykyri

Publications

We present a statistical study of ion temperature anisotropy and mirror mode activity in the Earth's dayside magnetosheath using 6 years of Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) observations focusing on the quantification of dawn-dusk asymmetry as a function of upstream conditions and distance from the magnetopause. Our statistical data show a pronounced dusk favored asymmetry of T⊥/T∥ which drives a similar asymmetry of mirror mode activity. T⊥/T∥ decreases with increasing solar wind Alfvén Mach number, whereas mirror mode occurrence increases. In both cases, the relative asymmetry between the dawn and dusk flanks decrease with increasing …

Observer-Based Sliding Mode Control Of Rijke-Type Combustion Instability, Jaime Rubio-Hervas, Mahmut Reyhanoglu, William Mackunis

Publications

Observer-based sliding mode control of combustion instability in a Rijke-type thermoacoustic system is considered. A commonly used thermoacoustic model with sensors and monopole-like actuators is linearized and formulated in a statespace form. It is assumed that the velocity or pressure sensor locations are chosen to assure the observability of the system. An observer-based sliding mode controller is then implemented to tune the actuators so that the system is asymptotically stable. The effectiveness of the controller is illustrated through a simulation example involving two modes and one sensor. The successful demonstration indicates that the observer-based feedback controller can be applied to …

Book Review: The Scientific Exploration Of Venus, T. D. Oswalt

Publications

This document is Dr. Oswalt’s review of The Scientific Exploration of Venus, by Fredric W. Taylor. Cambridge, 2014 295p bibl index, 9781107023482 $48.00

Synthesis And Exploration Of Dopamine And 4‐ Hpaa Analogs For Norcoclaurine Synthase, Arthur A. Ralko

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Precursor directed biosynthesis (PDB) presents a useful approach for modifying large scale drug and drug lead mole cules . Large molecular structures are synthetically modified as part of total synthesis approach, and often result in l ow yield and expensive r eagents. Of particular interest are plant alkaloid drugs, many of which come from tetrahydroisoquinoline (THI) precursor. We present an organic synthesis of novel dopamine and 4 - hydroxyphenacetaldehyde (4-HPAA) analogs as precursors for enzymatic conversion to tetrahydroisoquinoline analogs using norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) . Modifications for investigation include halogenation of the 2 and 5 positions of the aromatic ring and …

Transition Orbits Of Walking Droplets, Joshua Parker

Physics

It was recently discovered that millimeter-sized droplets bouncing on the surface of an oscillating bath of the same fluid can couple with the surface waves it produces and begin walking across the fluid bath. These walkers have been shown to behave similarly to quantum particles; a few examples include single-particle diffraction, tunneling, and quantized orbits. Such behavior occurs because the drop and surface waves depend on each other to exist, making this the first and only known macroscopic pilot-wave system. In this paper, the quantized orbits between two identical drops are explored. By sending a perturbation to a pair of …

Critical Point Pairs For Smectic-A* - Smectic-C* Phase Transitions., Ted Cassirer

Physics

Liquid crystals is a class of materials possessing properties from both solids and fluids. Similar to solids the molecules arrange themselves in some sort of order. In the liquid crystal state there are multiple phases, smectic being one of them. In a smectic liquid crystal the molecules are aranged (along $z$) in layers. Of the smectic liquid crystals there exists different phases. In the smectic-A (Sm-A) phase the avarage tilt is $0$ relative to $z$ and in the Smectic-C (Sm-A) phase the avarage tilt is non-zero relative to $z$. Normally the liquid crystal will transition between the two phases by …

Determining The Relationship Between The [Oiii] 5007 Å Emission Line Profile And The Stellar Velocity Dispersion In Active Galaxies, Nathaniel Milgram

Physics

The empirical relation between the stellar velocity dispersion (SVD) of the bulge and the mass of the central supermassive black hole (BH) suggests a link between host galaxy and BH evolution. For active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the BH mass (MBH) can be estimated in a straightforward way from the Doppler broadening of the broad emission lines using the so-called virial method. However, the powerful AGN continuum emission often outshines the underlying stellar absorption lines, making it difficult to measure SVD of the host galaxy. Thus, the MBH - SVD relation is difficult to establish for galaxies containing AGNs. As a …

Saddle Force Mapping, Molly Totten

Physics

In horseback riding, the size and shape of a saddle can drastically effect the comfort, attitude and performance of the horse as well as the effectiveness of the rider. In an effort to create an accurate means of fitting the saddle to the horse, I have created a pressure sensing device that maps the force differences along critical areas of the horse's back during motion. Using an Arduino microprocessor and appropriate circuits, data was collected about the pressure levels between the saddle and the horse's back and a graphic representation of the findings was created.

Frequency Of Seyfert Type Transitions In A Sample Of 102 Local Active Galactic Nuclei, Jordan Runco

Physics

A sample of ∼100 type-1 local (0.02 ≤ z ≤ 0.1) active galaxies (AGNs) was selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with black hole masses M_BH > 10⁷ M_ʘ and re-observed using the Keck 10-m telescope to study the local scaling relations between M_BH and the host galaxy properties. As a side product, the data provides insight into any changes of the broad-line region within the 3-9 year time-frame covered by the two sets of spectra. The variability of the broad Hβ emission line is of particular interest to us, not only because it is used …

Informing Citizens About Sea Level Rise In Miami, Susan Jacobson, Kate Macmillin

Sea Level Rise Collection

No abstract provided.

A Cultural Diffusion Model For The Rise And Fall Of Programming Languages, Sergi Valverde, Ricard V. Solé

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Our interaction with complex computing machines is mediated by programming languages (PLs) which constitute one of the major innovations in the evolution of technology. PLs allowed a flexible, scalable and fast use of hardware and are largely responsible for shaping the history of information technology since the rise of computers in the 1950s. The rapid growth and impact of computers was followed closely by the development of programming languages. As it occurs with natural, human languages, they emerged and got extinct. There has been always a diversity of coexisting PLs that somewhat compete among them, while occupying special niches. Here …

Discovery Of Bisamide-Heterocycles As Inhibitors Of Scavenger Receptor Bi (Sr-Bi)-Mediated Lipid Uptake, Chris Dockendorff, Patrick W. Faloon, Andrew Germain, Miao Yu, Willmen Youngsaye, Partha P. Nag, Melissa Bennion, Marsha Penman, Thomas J.F. Nieland, Sivaraman Dandapani, José R. Perez, Benito Munoz, Michelle A. Palmer, Stuart L. Schreiber, Monty Krieger

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

A new series of potent inhibitors of cellular lipid uptake from HDL particles mediated by scavenger receptor, class B, type I (SR-BI) was identified. The series was identified via a high-throughput screen of the National Institutes of Health Molecular Libraries Small Molecule Repository (NIH MLSMR) that measured the transfer of the fluorescent lipid DiI from HDL particles to CHO cells overexpressing SR-BI. The series is characterized by a linear peptidomimetic scaffold with two adjacent amide groups, as well as an aryl-substituted heterocycle. Analogs of the initial hit were rapidly prepared via Ugi 4-component reaction, and select enantiopure compounds were prepared …

Risk And Decision Making: The “Logic” Of Probability, Manfred Borovcnik

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Risk is a hot topic. There is an international trend to use examples of risk or the concept of risk in the early teaching of probability. It enriches the problems, it widens the contexts, and it motivates the students to learn probability. This paper illustrates the notion of risk as a multi-faceted concept. The diverse perceptions start with language where risk is used in very different ways. The overlap of risk and hazard is not restricted to the technical context of safety and reliability; Knight’s seminal work on risk and uncertainty has its definite impact on today’s perception of the …