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Articles 143161 - 143190 of 302620

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Root Cover Pebbling On Graphs Apr 2015

Root Cover Pebbling On Graphs

Stander Symposium Projects

A graph is a mathematical object that can be described as a set of vertices and a set of edges. An edge joins one vertex to another. The existence or absence of an edge between two vertices can represent a relationship or absence of a relationship between two objects. Two vertices are said to be adjacent if there is an edge that joins them. Imagine placing pebbles on the vertices of a graph. We can move a pebble from one vertex to an adjacent vertex using certain pebbling moves in which two pebbles are removed from a vertex and one …

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Restorative Justice: The Alternative Outlet For Criminal Behavior Apr 2015

Restorative Justice: The Alternative Outlet For Criminal Behavior

Stander Symposium Projects

As members of the University of Dayton Social Justice Club, our group carried out a semester long project focused on Restorative Justice in conjunction with the Montgomery County Mentoring Collaborative. We were assigned to Belmont School and each given a young girl to work with. Each young girl we were paired with had a history with incriminating behavior. Our responsibility included talking with our partner and helping them claim responsibility for their actions. Additionally, we talked through previous decisions and their consequences to encourage the girls to start thinking about the impact of their actions.

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Mostly True: An Exploration Of My Family History Apr 2015

Mostly True: An Exploration Of My Family History

Stander Symposium Projects

Family histories are tricky things, especially when the people in the stories don't necessarily want to talk about their pasts. My family immigrated to the US in the early 1800's, many to escape the anti-Semitism that was rampant in their countries. Through a series of personal interviews, family stories passed down from generation to generation, and my own imagination to fill in the gaps, I have compiled a series of short stories about my family and their lives in America from their arrival here in the 1800's to the present day. Although each family has a different story to tell, …

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Investigation Of Protein-Protein Interactions Involving Deinococcus Radiodurans Pria, Dnab And Ssb. Apr 2015

Investigation Of Protein-Protein Interactions Involving Deinococcus Radiodurans Pria, Dnab And Ssb.

Stander Symposium Projects

Deinococcus Radiodurans is a species of bacteria that has sparked a lot of interest since its discovery due to its incredible resistance to ionizing radiation. When exposed to ionizing radiation the genome of D. radiodurans will sustain several hundred double stranded breaks. D. radiodurans demonstrates the ability to repair its genome and restart replication after sustaining this, typically lethal, damage. This project examined the mechanism of replication restart in D. radiodurans by investigating primosome protein PriA interacting with DnaB and SSB. Many different types of gel electrophoresis were employed to investigate potential protein complex formations between D. radiodurans PriA and …

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Manipulation Of The Wnt Signaling Pathway And Analysis Of Gene Expression In Axolotls Apr 2015

Manipulation Of The Wnt Signaling Pathway And Analysis Of Gene Expression In Axolotls

Stander Symposium Projects

After injury humans produce scar tissue as part of the wound healing process. This process does not generate new tissue, but prevent the remaining tissue from further damage. Without the ability to create new tissue, humans are limited in their capacity to regain lost function after severe injury. However, axolotls have the ability to regenerate a variety of organs within the first two weeks of hatching, allowing for complete recovery of tissue function. Specifically lens regeneration is studied due to the dynamic changes that occur in the surrounding iris tissue following lens removal. Dorsal and ventral iris cells proliferate and …

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Comparison Of The Life Cycle Energy Consumption In The Use Phase Of Wireless Devices Apr 2015

Comparison Of The Life Cycle Energy Consumption In The Use Phase Of Wireless Devices

Stander Symposium Projects

Smartphone and wireless device market has more than doubled in the United States since 2010. However, only few research have done regarding how much energy is consumed by the smartphone and the wireless device. This research aims at comparing the energy consumption and environmental emissions generated from the most energy-intensive processes in the life cycle of various smartphones and wireless devices with different consumption scenarios. The major processes looked at were the energy consumption for charging smartphones, data usage over 4G, 3G, and WiFi networks, as well as wireless storage in “the cloud”. Data transmission was found to be the …

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Influence Of Behavioral Finance On Decision Making In The Business World Apr 2015

Influence Of Behavioral Finance On Decision Making In The Business World

Stander Symposium Projects

Behavioral Finance, as the potential implications of psychological factors, has subtly affected investor behaviors in financial markets. In this project, I would like to discuss different types of behavioral finance, analyze the reasons and connotations behind each type of behavioral finance, and illustrate the influences and consequences with regard to the investor behaviors in the real business world. In addition, I would like to talk about the methods on how to avoid and overcome the behavioral finance in both theoretical and psychological aspects.

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Externalizing Symptoms As A Risk For Unintentional Injuries In Children Apr 2015

Externalizing Symptoms As A Risk For Unintentional Injuries In Children

Stander Symposium Projects

The objective of this study is to understand the influence of externalizing symptoms (e.g., hyperactivity, oppositionality) on unintentional home injuries in children. Childhood unintentional injury is the leading cause of death in children under 18 years of age (Krug, Sharma, & Lozano, 2010). Past research has shown that the presence of certain behavioral disorders may impact the risk of childhood injury (Pastor & Reuben, 2006). These disorders include Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). The psychiatric symptoms of these disorders comprise of externalizing symptoms such as aggression, hyperactivity, and oppositionality (inadequate cooperation or compliance by the child; American …

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Firm Characteristics, Concentrated Portfolio Strategies And Industrial Sector Price Movements In 2014 Apr 2015

Firm Characteristics, Concentrated Portfolio Strategies And Industrial Sector Price Movements In 2014

Stander Symposium Projects

This study is part of a series of studies in the Davis Center for Portfolio Management focused on portfolio weighting. It also considers the alpha generating capabilities of a concentrated portfolio of stocks using relative valuation and momentum stock weighting strategies. The top 10 holdings of the SPDR sector ETF XLI are used as the concentrated portfolio of stocks. Various price-to measures such as price to earnings and price to book are used to develop the weights for each stock in the concentrated portfolio. One year ahead expected earnings growth for each of the 10 stocks provides the basis for …

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A Smart Beta Approach To Portfolio Weighting For A Concentrated Portfolio Of Consumer Discretionary Stocks Apr 2015

A Smart Beta Approach To Portfolio Weighting For A Concentrated Portfolio Of Consumer Discretionary Stocks

Stander Symposium Projects

The two major approaches to weighting market indexes are price weighting (DOW) and market cap weighting (S&P 500). In this study, we use a Smart Beta approach by weighting stocks based on their fundamental and earnings growth characteristics. Using price to earnings, price to book, price to sales, and price to cash flow measures plus expected one year earnings growth, we weight the top 10 holdings of the SPDR Consumer Discretionary ETF (XLY) and compare their performance as a portfolio of stocks to XLY, the DOW, and the S&P 500 for the year 2014. Two weighting strategies are used. A …

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Rotation, Scaling And Illumination Invariant Pattern Recognition Using Joint Transform Correlation For Object Detection And Tracking Apr 2015

Rotation, Scaling And Illumination Invariant Pattern Recognition Using Joint Transform Correlation For Object Detection And Tracking

Stander Symposium Projects

Challenges in pattern recognition mainly includes object rotation, scaling, and illumination variations. Joint Transform Correlation (JTC) based filtering techniques yield promising outputs in optical pattern recognition and they have been widely used for real-time pattern recognition applications such as object detection and tracking. However, objects in complex background brings difficulty to JTC based algorithms since the performance of the JTC is sensitive to object distortions such as changes due to rotation, scaling, and illumination. One of the solutions is to add or modify filters during JTC process. Synthetic discriminant function (SDF) can be integrated with fringe-adjusted filter to alleviate the …

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Classification Of Vehicles Using Monocular 3d Reconstruction Apr 2015

Classification Of Vehicles Using Monocular 3d Reconstruction

Stander Symposium Projects

State of the art 3D reconstruction techniques utilize frames from a video sequence to render a 3D model of the scene. Our 3D reconstruction technique utilizes Speeded-Up Robust Features along with optical flow points to create a dense point cloud. Each point within the model has been tracked from frame to frame and triangulated into its (X,Y,Z) model position. We present an application for these structure from motion models that exploits our previous work in 3D object classification. In our experiments, we reconstruct a parking lot scene that contains several vehicles. The first step of our object classification algorithm is …

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Nonlinear Mimo Adaptive Control For Longitudinal Aerodynamics Forces And Moments Of Hypersonic Aircraft Vehicle Model Apr 2015

Nonlinear Mimo Adaptive Control For Longitudinal Aerodynamics Forces And Moments Of Hypersonic Aircraft Vehicle Model

Stander Symposium Projects

Aircraft vehicle has complex nonlinear functions which affected in design the control issues. In this paper, introduce and design accurate control of longitudinal dynamic and pitch moment. Longitudinal dynamics equations have complex parameters and this paper maintains control methods as using feedback linearization method. This method is separating longitudinal dynamics equations which causes directly to the flight path angle and aircraft speed with certain approximations of drag, lift and moment functions. Therefore, MIMO adaptive control approach is used instead of feedback linearization with first approximations of drag, lift and moments functions to achieve reasonable results of aircraft dynamics control. MIMO …

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Extremum Seeking Control Observer Design For Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Linear Time-Invariant Systems Apr 2015

Extremum Seeking Control Observer Design For Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Linear Time-Invariant Systems

Stander Symposium Projects

In this proposal a control strategy, we try to address the problem of output (performance) function for an observer of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) linear time-invariant system by applying the Extremum Seeking Control (ESC) approach. By this control approach, we drive the performance function to its maximum or minimum value. The construction of a seeking algorithm is used to drive the system states to the desired set-points that maximize or minimize the value of an objective (performance) function. Also, Lyapunov's stability theorem and the perturbation theory including the averaging method is used in the design of the extremum seeking controller structure …

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Image Restoration Under Low Illumination Apr 2015

Image Restoration Under Low Illumination

Stander Symposium Projects

Image taken under low illumination suffers severe distortion as the photon counts received by the camera sensor is too low. By investigating the statistic properties of photon count, we can inverse such distortion and restore the scene even in the dark night.

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All We Do Is Drink: Impact Of Alcohol Culture On First-Year Experiences At A Private University Apr 2015

All We Do Is Drink: Impact Of Alcohol Culture On First-Year Experiences At A Private University

Stander Symposium Projects

First-year students are at risk due to a university’s alcohol culture. This is creating a distorted reality of what college is about for many incoming students. First-year students assimilate into college with various external factors impacting their decisions; among these is whether or not to participate in high-risk alcohol consumption. Previous research focused on college environment, peers and the developmental stages of first-year students separately to identify how these factors impact a student’s decision to consume in high-risk ways. However, little research focused on the holistic impact of all three factors on the first-year student’s experience and alcohol consumption. This …

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#Trendingnow: Social Media Use And Its Effect On First Year Millennial Students Interpersonal Relationships During College Transition Apr 2015

#Trendingnow: Social Media Use And Its Effect On First Year Millennial Students Interpersonal Relationships During College Transition

Stander Symposium Projects

Constantly connected to one another via various forms of technology, Millennial generation of students interact with one another in new ways, which represents a challenge and an opportunity for higher education professionals to reach out to students and help them to connect to campus and to one another. The purpose of this quantitative study is to find out how first year Millennial students at a mid-size private institution used social media during their first semester on campus to connect and form relationships with peers, faculty, and staff in the campus community. Data was collected via a survey sent to a …

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Quantifying The Impact Of Adding Renewable Energy On The Grid From Economic Point Of View Apr 2015

Quantifying The Impact Of Adding Renewable Energy On The Grid From Economic Point Of View

Stander Symposium Projects

Growth in renewable energy, particularly of wind power and solar photovoltaics (PV) has been rapid over the past decade, averaging 25-30% a year. There are several reasons for this growth, including recognition that mitigation of anthropogenic climate change, mainly due to emissions of carbon dioxide from fossil-fuel combustion will require a dramatic transformation in our energy system over the course of the next few decades. Renewable energy generation has several benefits not only for our generation, but for our children as well.However, the problems of adding more renewable energy, specifically from the point of view of the stability and reliability …

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Enhancing Industrial Sustainability By Improving Resource Efficiency Apr 2015

Enhancing Industrial Sustainability By Improving Resource Efficiency

Stander Symposium Projects

With ever increasing energy and raw material costs, coupled with environmental regulations and increasing customer awareness of corporate sustainability efforts, industries are seeking to increase energy and resource efficiency. Over the past decade, the University of Dayton’s Industrial Assessment Center (UD-IAC) has developed a systematic methodology and analysis tool to help industry become more energy efficient. The publicly-available Efficiency Guidebook (EEG) is a comprehensive tool that integrates examples and computational resources for improving energy efficiency. This study describes a parallel effort to improve industrial resource efficiency by developing a methodology for improving resource efficiency and incorporating it into a free …

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Reducing Structural Error In Function Generating Mechanisms Via The Addition Of Large Numbers Of Double-Crank Linkages Apr 2015

Reducing Structural Error In Function Generating Mechanisms Via The Addition Of Large Numbers Of Double-Crank Linkages

Stander Symposium Projects

This research presents a methodology for synthesizing planar linkages to approximate any prescribed periodic function. The mechanisms selected for this task are the slider-crank and the geared five-bar with connecting rod and sliding output (GFBS), where any number of drag-link (or double crank) four-bars are used as drivers. A slider-crank mechanism, when comparing the input crank rotation to the output slider displacement, produces a sinusoid-like function. Instead of directly driving the input crank, a drag-link four-bar may be added that drives the crank from its output via a rigid connection between the two. Driving the input of the added four-bar …

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Morphometric Skull Analysis Using Jointed Chains Of Rigid Bodies Apr 2015

Morphometric Skull Analysis Using Jointed Chains Of Rigid Bodies

Stander Symposium Projects

Morphometrics seeks to quantify shapes for the purposes of comparison. This work investigates two morphometric problems by applying the theory of shape-changing rigid-body mechanisms. The first problem is the analysis of a head growth in children. The second problem is the spatiotemporal evolution of the longitudinal human skull shape. These problems are specified with a set of curves that represent the cranium shapes as they change over time, in the child’s head as it grows and in the skull as it evolves. Using the rigid-body shape-changing mechanism design methodology, a chain of rigid links connected by revolute and prismatic joints …

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Is It Worth It?: Experiences And Demands Of Non-Scholarship Student-Athletes At A Division I Institution Apr 2015

Is It Worth It?: Experiences And Demands Of Non-Scholarship Student-Athletes At A Division I Institution

Stander Symposium Projects

Student-athletes are some of the most stigmatized individuals at Division I institutions. A great deal of research focuses on the challenges and opportunities of scholarship student-athletes, but a look into the lives of non-scholarship student-athletes is not present in current literature. Through qualitative, semi-structured interviews with student-athletes who do not receive an athletic scholarship, a greater picture of the non-scholarship Division I student-athlete experience was gained. These student-athletes face greater pressure as financial aid is largely tied to maintaining higher grades and the demands of athletic participation are very high. Findings showed that though students feel supported, the rigorous demands …

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American And International Students On Body Image And Pop Culture:Self-Perceptions Of Domestic And International Students Side By Side In The Mid-West Apr 2015

American And International Students On Body Image And Pop Culture:Self-Perceptions Of Domestic And International Students Side By Side In The Mid-West

Stander Symposium Projects

This quantitative study took an interesting look into determining factors of self-image through the eyes of both international and domestic students in Southwest Ohio. In an effort to find comparative data, Self-Perceptions of Domestic and International Students Side by Side in the Mid-West USA provided a unique glimpse into perception and appearance. Survey participants included 84 International students and 26 American students, with 52 Undergraduate and 58 either Graduate or enrolled in an intensive English program. Expanding internationalization is a cultural trend among both populations and is relational to altered perceptions as a result of foreign, peer counterparts. While this …

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Is Free Cash Flow A Priced In Factor In Explaining The Performance Of The Dow 30 Stocks? A Study In Portfolio Weighting, 2007-2013. Apr 2015

Is Free Cash Flow A Priced In Factor In Explaining The Performance Of The Dow 30 Stocks? A Study In Portfolio Weighting, 2007-2013.

Stander Symposium Projects

Most financial analysts agree that free cash flow is an important indicator of a firm's financial health and its ability to sustain upward growth in earnings. In this study, I evaluate its effectiveness as a priced in factor in the cross section of returns. Focusing on the DOW Jones 30 stocks over the period 2007-2013, I develop portfolio weights for each DOW Jones stock based on free cash flow per share or price to free cash flow per share. Two weighting models are used: (1) higher weights are given to higher levels of cash flow per share, and (2) higher …

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A Fundamental Approach To Portfolio Weighting For Consumer Staples Stocks Apr 2015

A Fundamental Approach To Portfolio Weighting For Consumer Staples Stocks

Stander Symposium Projects

A number of studies conducted by students in the Davis Center for Portfolio Management suggest that the fundamental characteristics of stocks can be successfully used to generate portfolio alpha. In this study, several key valuation measures are used to develop portfolio weights for a concentrated portfolio of Consumer Staples stocks. They are, Price to Book, Price to Earnings, Price to Sales, and Price to Cash Flow. In addition, expected earnings growth one year ahead is also included in the weighting process. Two weighting strategies are used: (1) higher price to's get higher weights and (2) higher inverted weighted price to's …

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A Novel Computer Aided Detection Of Identifying Lung Nodules On Chest Radiographs Apr 2015

A Novel Computer Aided Detection Of Identifying Lung Nodules On Chest Radiographs

Stander Symposium Projects

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancerous death in the United States. It usually exhibits its presence with the formation of pulmonary nodules. Nodules are round or oval-shaped growth present in the lung. Chest radiographs are used by radiologists to detect and treat such nodules but they are quite difficult to detect with human eye and are sometimes misinterpreted with lesions present. Thus, automated analysis of such data is very essential and would be of valuable help in lung cancer screening. A new computer aided detection (CAD) system in chest radiography is proposed in this paper. The algorithmic steps …

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Adaptation Of Fast Converging Optimal Techniques To Path Planning Of Hyper-Redundant Manipulators Apr 2015

Adaptation Of Fast Converging Optimal Techniques To Path Planning Of Hyper-Redundant Manipulators

Stander Symposium Projects

A multi-pass distributed localized search technique to solve the problem of path planning of hyper-redundant manipulators for the shortest path in real-time in the presence of obstacles is proposed. The problem is approached from a control perspective as a shortest path Optimal control problem, where the configuration space is searched for path points that optimize a cost function. This method addresses the ‘’Curse of Dimensionality” of exhaustive search techniques via the multi-pass distributed local search and local minima of Greedy approach via a backtracking technique. Further, theoretical proof shows that the proposed technique converges to an optimal (if only one …

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Characterization Of Iron Phthalocyanine As The Cathode Active Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries Apr 2015

Characterization Of Iron Phthalocyanine As The Cathode Active Material For Lithium-Ion Batteries

Stander Symposium Projects

This project presents the characterization of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) as the cathode active material to be used in higher specific lithium storage and energy density lithium-ion cells/batteries. Theoretical work suggested the control of the active material particle size for its optimum utilization during the discharge of lithium-ion cells. Also, the experimental work reported the lithium storage in FePc is equivalent to 2050 mAh/g FePc that was encouraging to characterize FePc as a potential cathode material. In experimental work, two types of cells were tested: 1) high temperature polyethylene oxide electrolyte-based lithium/FePc cells and 2) room temperature organic liquid electrolyte-based lithium/FePc …

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Muslim Saudi Female Student Development, Successes, And Learning Experience At A Catholic Institution Apr 2015

Muslim Saudi Female Student Development, Successes, And Learning Experience At A Catholic Institution

Stander Symposium Projects

The number of Muslim Saudi female students is increasing at American institutions. This qualitative research explored the Muslim Saudi female student’s development, successes, and learning experiences at a Catholic institution. The main purpose of the research is to assist Privet Catholic institution in the United States to support the essential needs of Muslim Saudi female students. This research is going to provide valuable information which will help administrators, professors and students to understand the Muslim Saudi female student. Themes included: respect of other religions, meaning in catholic universities engaging Muslim Saudi female students, and the influence of the Intensive English …

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Research Exercise: Developing A Safe Learning Environment Conducive To Comfort And Success Apr 2015

Research Exercise: Developing A Safe Learning Environment Conducive To Comfort And Success

Stander Symposium Projects

The goal of the EDT 110H poster is to illustrate a safe learning environment in which schools are able to serve a variety of students in order to be comfortable in the classroom and achieve academic success.

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