Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Early Miocene Antarctic Glacial History: New Insights From Heavy Mineral Analysis From Andrill And–2a Drill Core Sediments, Francesco Iacoviello, Giovanna Giorgetti, Isabella Turbanti Memmi, Sandra Passchier

ANDRILL Research and Publications

The present study deals with heavy mineral analysis of late Early Miocene marine sediments recovered in the McMurdo Sound region (Ross Sea, Antarctica) during the ANDRILL— SMS Project in 2007. The main objective is to investigate how heavy mineral assemblages reflect different source rocks and hence different provenance areas. These data contribute to a better understanding of East Antarctica ice dynamics in the Ross Sea sector during the Early Miocene (17.6–20.2 Ma), a time of long-term global warming and sea level rise. The AND-2A drill core recovered several stratigraphic intervals that span from Early Miocene to Pleistocene and it collected …

Research: South Dakota State University, Spring 2015, Christie Delfanian

Research: South Dakota State University

CONTENTS:

Cyanide: Prototype detects cyanide poisoning in 70 seconds [Page] 2
Grapes: Plant scientists help improve cold-hardy grape varieties, develop local wine industry [Page] 3
Plant-derived compound may reduce cancer recurrence, spread [Page] 5
Imagining tool targets degenerative diseases [Page] 5
Nutrient-gene interaction research inspires Nelson Scholarship winner [Page] 6
Bridge girder: Improved bridge girder design can save taxpayers money [Page] 7
Microgrids help integrate renewables, maintain power flow [Page] 9
Tobacco: Nursing researchers document positive effects of tobacco-free policies [Page] 10
Rehab Counseling: rehabilitation counselors improve lives of disabled clients [Page] 11
Vocational rehab support puts asthmatic on university …

Adsorption Of Co2 Molecule On The (Mgo)9 And (Cao)9 Nanoclusters; A Theoretical Study, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Fathi Hassan Bawa

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

Binding configurations of CO2 on (MgO)9 and (CaO)9 cluster models are investigated by means of density functional theory model calculations. The results show that CO2 adsorbs as monodentate on MgO and CaO terrace site leads to formation of surface carbonates CO3 2- . Marginal differences in the binding stabilities between the CO2 molecule and surface O2- site were found to be significantly similar. The estimated adsorption energies are 1.47 eV and 1.52 eV at the (MgO)9 and (CaO)9 clusters, respectively. The similarity in binding energies is discussed in terms of cluster electropositivity. Adsorbed CO2, to (MgO)9 surface vibration frequencies are …

Fabrication Of Sno2/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Films For Sensing No2 Gas At Room-Temperature, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Pi-Guey Su, Ching-Hsuan Wei A, Wei-Luen Shiu

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

One-pot polyol process was combined with metal organic decomposition (MOD) method to fabricate a room-temperature NO2 gas sensor based on tin dioxide and reduced graphene oxide (SO2/RGO) nanocomposite films. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the structure and morphology of the fabricated films. The electrical and NO2 gas-sensing properties of SnO2 to which various amounts of RGO were added were measured in detail as a function of concentration of NO2 gas at room temperature, to elucidate the contribution of RGO to the NO2 gas-sensing capacity. The sensor that was based on a nanocomposite film …

Structure And Study Of Elements In Ternary Γ-Semigroups, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, D. Madhusudhana Rao, M. Vasantha, M. Venkateswara Rao

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper we introduce the notion of a ternary Γ- semigroup is introduced and some examples are given. Further the terms commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, quasi commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, normal ternary Γ- semigroup, left pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, right pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them. In section 2, the terms; ternary Γ-subsemigroup, ternary Γ-subsemigroup generated by a subset, cyclic ternary Γ-subsemigroup of a ternary Γ-semigroup and cyclic ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them In section 3, we discussed some special elements of a ternary Γ-semigroups and characterized them.

Structure And Study Of Elements In Ternary Γ-Semigroups, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, D. Madhusudhana Rao, M. Vasantha, M. Venkateswara Rao

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper we introduce the notion of a ternary Γ- semigroup is introduced and some examples are given. Further the terms commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, quasi commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, normal ternary Γ- semigroup, left pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup, right pseudo commutative ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them. In section 2, the terms; ternary Γ-subsemigroup, ternary Γ-subsemigroup generated by a subset, cyclic ternary Γ-subsemigroup of a ternary Γ-semigroup and cyclic ternary Γ-semigroup are introduced and characterized them In section 3, we discussed some special elements of a ternary Γ-semigroups and characterized them.

Are Cyber Weapons Effective Military Tools?, Emilio Iasiello

Emilio Iasiello

Cyber-attacks are often viewed in academic and military writings as strategic asymmetric weapons, great equalizers with the potential of leveling the battlefield between powerful nations and those less capable. More substantive examples demonstrate that cyber-attacks have been more successful in non-military activities, as they may serve as a clandestine weapon of subterfuge better positioned to incapacitate systems without alerting the victims, veiling the orchestrator’s true identity via proxy groups and plausible deniability. Consequently, this paper provides a counter argument to the idea that cyber tools are instrumental military weapons in modern day warfare; cyber weapons are more effective options during …

Optimal Control Of A Switched Autonomous System With Time Delay Arising In Fed-Batch Processes, Chongyang Liu

Chongyang Liu

In this paper, we propose a switched autonomous system with time delay to model the 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) production in a fed-batch process. Taking the switching instants and the terminal time as the control variables, we formulate a constrained time-delayed optimal control (CTOC) problem to optimize the 1,3-PD production process. Using a time-scaling transformation and parametrizing the switching instants into new parameters, an equivalent CTOC problem is investigated. A numerical solution method is then developed to seek the optimal control strategy. This method is based on the constraint transcription technique and the gradients of the cost functional together with those of …

Large Fluxes And Rapid Turnover Of Mineral-Associated Carbon Across Topographic Gradients In A Humid Tropical Forest: Insights From Paired 14c Analysis, Steven J. Hall, G. Mcnicol, T. Natake, W. L. Silver

Steven J. Hall

It has been proposed that the large soil carbon (C) stocks of humid tropical forests result predominantly from C stabilization by reactive minerals, whereas oxygen (O2) limitation of decomposition has received much less attention. We examined the importance of these factors in explaining patterns of C stocks and turnover in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico, using radiocarbon (14C) measurements of contemporary and archived samples. Samples from ridge, slope, and valley positions spanned three soil orders (Ultisol, Oxisol, Inceptisol) representative of humid tropical forests, and differed in texture, reactive metal content, O2 availability, and root biomass. Mineral-associated C comprised the …

The Expected Total Curvature Of Random Polygons, Jason Cantarella, Alexander Y. Grosberg, Robert Kusner, Clayton Shonkwiler

Robert Kusner

We consider the expected value for the total curvature of a random closed polygon. Numerical experiments have suggested that as the number of edges becomes large, the difference between the expected total curvature of a random closed polygon and a random open polygon with the same number of turning angles approaches a positive constant. We show that this is true for a natural class of probability measures on polygons, and give a formula for the constant in terms of the moments of the edgelength distribution.

We then consider the symmetric measure on closed polygons of fixed total length constructed by …

Stability And Tunneling Dynamics Of A Dark-Bright Soliton Pair In A Harmonic Trap, E. T. Karamatskos, J. Stockhofe, Panos Kevrekidis, P. Schmelcher

Panos Kevrekidis

http://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.91.043637

Local Well-Posedness Of Periodic Fifth Order Kdv-Type Equations, Yi Hu, Xiaochun Li

Yi Hu

In this paper, the local well-posedness of periodic fifth order dispersive equation with nonlinear term P1(u)∂xu + P2(u)∂xu∂xu. Here P1(u) and P2(u) are polynomials of u. We also get some new Strichartz estimates.

Glowing Seashells: Diversity Of Fossilized Coloration Patterns On Coral Reef-Associated Cone Snail (Gastropoda: Conidae) Shells From The Neogene Of The Dominican Republic, Jonathan R. Hendricks

Jonathan R. Hendricks

The biology of modern Conidae (cone snails)—which includes the hyperdiverse genus Conus—has been intensively studied, but the fossil record of the clade remains poorly understood, particularly within an evolutionary framework. Here, ultraviolet light is used to reveal and characterize the original shell coloration patterns of 28 species of cone snails from three Neogene coral reef-associated deposits from the Cibao Valley, northern Dominican Republic. These fossils come from the upper Miocene Cercado Fm. and lower Pliocene Gurabo Fm., and range in age from about 6.6-4.8 Ma. Comparison of the revealed coloration patterns with those of extant species allow the taxa to …

Does Being Bilingual Make You Better At Math?, Enxhi Elezi

Honors Projects in Mathematics

The purpose of this study is to examine if there is any relationship between being bilingual, defined as speaking your native language at home and another language in school, and your mathematical ability. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health was used to compare the math grades of students who were not born in the US and speak English, Spanish, or Other at home. Also, data from the Bryant University first year students was used to test if students who speak a different language at home have a higher mathematical average than their monolingual peers. Results show that …

Bootstrapping Vs. Asymptotic Theory In Property And Casualty Loss Reserving, Andrew J. Difronzo Jr.

Honors Projects in Mathematics

One of the key functions of a property and casualty (P&C) insurance company is loss reserving, which calculates how much money the company should retain in order to pay out future claims. Most P&C insurance companies use non-stochastic (non-random) methods to estimate these future liabilities. However, future loss data can also be projected using generalized linear models (GLMs) and stochastic simulation. Two simulation methods that will be the focus of this project are: bootstrapping methodology, which resamples the original loss data (creating pseudo-data in the process) and fits the GLM parameters based on the new data to estimate the sampling …

Standardized Testing: What Is It Good For? A Case Study In Connecticut, Megan Mapp

Honors Projects in Mathematics

The case study was developed in an attempt to shed more light on the debate of standardized testing. The goal of the study was to find evidence to support whether or not standardized testing is worth doing in public secondary schools. To investigate this question, the state standardized math test scores of three Connecticut public high schools were analyzed. The average math scores over thirteen years were observed and statistical analysis was performed to see if any significant differences existed between the three schools. Tests were performed before and after the change in standardized test. The graduation rates of the …

Mathematical Modeling Of Trending Topics On Twitter, Jonathan S. Skaza

Honors Projects in Mathematics

Created in 2006, Twitter is an online social networking service in which users share and read 140-character messages called Tweets. The site has approximately 288 million monthly active users who produce about 500 million Tweets per day. This study applies dynamical and statistical modeling strategies to quantify the spread of information on Twitter. Parameter estimates for the rates of infection and recovery are obtained using Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. The methodological strategy employed is an extension of techniques traditionally used in an epidemiological and biomedical context (particularly in the spread of infectious disease). This study, which addresses …

Analysis Of Random Metric Spaces Explains Emergence Phenomenon And Suggests Discreteness Of Physical Space, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, systems follow the pattern set by the second law of thermodynamics: they evolve from an organized inhomogeneous state into a homogeneous structure-free state. In many other practical situations, however, we observe the opposite emergence phenomenon: in an originally homogeneous structure-free state, an inhomogeneous structure spontaneously appears. In this paper, we show that the analysis of random metric spaces provides a possible explanation for this phenomenon. We also show that a similar analysis supports space-time models in which proper space is discrete.

Symbolic Aggregate Approximation (Sax) Under Interval Uncertainty, Chrysostomos D. Stylios, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In many practical situations, we monitor a system by continuously measuring the corresponding quantities, to make sure that an abnormal deviation is detected as early as possible. Often, we do not have ready algorithms to detect abnormality, so we need to use machine learning techniques. For these techniques to be efficient, we first need to compress the data. One of the most successful methods of data compression is the technique of Symbolic Aggregate approXimation (SAX). While this technique is motivated by measurement uncertainty, it does not explicitly take this uncertainty into account. In this paper, we show that we can …

Why Some Families Of Probability Distributions Are Practically Efficient: A Symmetry-Based Explanation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva, Hung T. Nguyen, Songsak Sriboonchitta

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Out of many possible families of probability distributions, some families turned out to be most efficient in practical situations. Why these particular families and not others? To explain this empirical success, we formulate the general problem of selecting a distribution with the largest possible utility under appropriate constraints. We then show that if we select the utility functional and the constraints which are invariant under natural symmetries -- shift and scaling corresponding to changing the starting point and the measuring unit for describing the corresponding quantity $x$. then the resulting optimal families of probability distributions indeed include most of the …

Once We Know That A Polynomial Mapping Is Rectifiable, We Can Algorithmically Find A Rectification, Julio Urenda, David Finston, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

It is known that some polynomial mappings φ: C^k --> Cⁿ are rectifiable in the sense that there exists a polynomial mapping α: Cⁿ --> Cⁿ whose inverse is also polynomial and for which α(φ(z₁, ...,z_k)) = (z₁, ...,z_k, 0, ..., 0) for all z₁, ...,z_k. In many cases, the existence of such a rectification is proven indirectly, without an explicit construction of the mapping α.

In this paper, we use Tarski-Seidenberg algorithm (for deciding the first order theory of real numbers) to design …

A Simplified Explanation Of What It Means To Assign A Finite Value To An Infinite Sum, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Recently, a video made rounds that explained that it often makes sense to assign finite values to infinite sums. For example, it makes sense to claim that the sum of all natural numbers is equal to -1/12. This has picked up interested in media. However, judged by the viewers' and readers' comments, for many viewers and readers, neither the video, not the corresponding articles seem to explain the meaning of the above inequality clearly enough. One of the main stumbling blocks is the fact that the infinite sum is clearly divergent, so a natural value of the infinite sum is …

How To Take Into Account Model Inaccuracy When Estimating The Uncertainty Of The Result Of Data Processing, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva, Andrzej Pownuk, Rodrigo A. Romero

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

In engineering design, it is important to guarantee that the values of certain quantities such as stress level, noise level, vibration level, etc., stay below a certain threshold in all possible situations, i.e., for all possible combinations of the corresponding internal and external parameters. Usually, the number of possible combinations is so large that it is not possible to physically test the system for all these combinations. Instead, we form a computer model of the system, and test this model. In this testing, we need to take into account that the computer models are usually approximate. In this paper, we …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Low Valent Metalloporphyrins, Nagabhushanam Kundakarla

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Metalloporphyrins and metalloporphinones have been seen in a number of enzymes and involved in nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, and methanogenesis. The reduction of metalloporphyrins and metalloporphinones are achievable, but the site of reduction in either, the metal center or porphyrin core is still debatable. This prompted us to investigate the position of reduction in order to generate low valent metalloporphyrins and porphinones. The reduced porphyrins were characterized by spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic methods. Previous work in our laboratory has generated low valent metalloporphyrins and porphinones by electrochemical reduction. In this work cobalt, manganese, and iron low valent metalloporphyrins were generated via …

Estimating The Extreme Low-Temperature Event Using Nonparametric Methods, Anisha D'Silva

Master's Theses (2009 -)

This thesis presents a new method of estimating the one-in-N low temperature threshold using a non-parametric statistical method called kernel density estimation applied to daily average wind-adjusted temperatures. We apply our One-in-N Algorithm to local gas distribution companies (LDCs), as they have to forecast the daily natural gas needs of their consumers. In winter, demand for natural gas is high. Extreme low temperature events are not directly related to an LDCs gas demand forecasting, but knowledge of extreme low temperatures is important to ensure that an LDC has enough capacity to meet customer demands when extreme low temperatures are experienced. …

Optical Diagnostics – Spectropathology For The Next Generation, Malgorzata Baranska, Hugh Byrne

Articles

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Gravitational & Electromagnetic Waves On The Null Cone, Maria Babiuc-Hamilton

Physics Faculty Research

Bondi (1962) proved mathematically the existence of gravitational waves at null infinity. He found an exact solution of Einstein equations. Within this metric, he calculated the loss of mass due to the emission of gravitational waves. The mas of a system is constant if and only if there is no news. If there is news, the mass decreases as long as there are news.

Comparing The Model-Simulated Global Warming Signal To Observations Using Empirical Estimates Of Unforced Noise, Patrick T. Brown, Wenhong Li, Eugene C. Cordero, Steven A. Mauget

Faculty Publications, Meteorology and Climate Science

The comparison of observed global mean surface air temperature (GMT) change to the mean change simulated by climate models has received much public and scientific attention. For a given global warming signal produced by a climate model ensemble, there exists an envelope of GMT values representing the range of possible unforced states of the climate system (the Envelope of Unforced Noise; EUN). Typically, the EUN is derived from climate models themselves, but climate models might not accurately simulate the correct characteristics of unforced GMT variability. Here, we simulate a new, empirical, EUN that is based on instrumental and reconstructed surface …

Vegas-Sss. A Vst Early-Type Galaxy Survey: Analysis Of Small Stellar Systems: Testing The Methodology On The Globular Cluster System In Ngc 3115⋆, Michele Cantiello, Massimo Capaccioli, Nicola Napolitano, Aniello Grado, Luca Limatola, Maurizio Paolillo, Enrica Iodice, Aaron Romanowsky, Duncan Forbes, Gabriella Raimondo, Marilena Spavone, Francesco La Barbera, Thomas Puzia, Pietro Schipani

Faculty Publications

We present a study of globular clusters (GCs) and other small stellar systems (SSSs) in the field of NGC 3115, observed as part of the ongoing wide-field imaging survey VEGAS, carried out with the 2.6 m VST telescope. We used deep g and i observations of NGC 3115, a well-studied lenticular galaxy that is covered excellently well in the scientific literature. This is fundamental to test the methodologies, verify the results, and probe the capabilities of the VEGAS-SSS. Leveraging the large field of view of the VST allowed us to accurately study the distribution and properties of SSSs as a …

Glowing Seashells: Diversity Of Fossilized Coloration Patterns On Coral Reef-Associated Cone Snail (Gastropoda: Conidae) Shells From The Neogene Of The Dominican Republic, Jonathan R. Hendricks

Faculty Publications

The biology of modern Conidae (cone snails)—which includes the hyperdiverse genus Conus—has been intensively studied, but the fossil record of the clade remains poorly understood, particularly within an evolutionary framework. Here, ultraviolet light is used to reveal and characterize the original shell coloration patterns of 28 species of cone snails from three Neogene coral reef-associated deposits from the Cibao Valley, northern Dominican Republic. These fossils come from the upper Miocene Cercado Fm. and lower Pliocene Gurabo Fm., and range in age from about 6.6-4.8 Ma. Comparison of the revealed coloration patterns with those of extant species allow the taxa to …