Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Almost Sure Asymptotic Stabilization Of Differential Equations With Time-Varying Delay By Lévy Noise, Dezhi Liu, Weiqun Wang, Jose Luis Menaldi

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

This paper aims to determine that the Lévy noise can stabilize the given differential equations with time-varying delay, which has generalized the Brownian motion case. An analysis is developed and sufficient conditions on the stabilization for stochastic differential equations with time-varying delay are presented. Our stabilization criteria is in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), whence the feedback controls can be designed more easily in practice.

Investigation Of Natural Perchlorate Levels In Antarctic Snow In Relation To The Ozone Hole, Thomas Crawford, Alexandria Kub, Han Vid Cho

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Snow samples collected from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide in January 2013 were analyzed for perchlorate concentrations to determine a possible seasonal variation. These samples were dated for the years 2007 through 2012 using annual variations in sulfate concentration as determined by an ion chromatography (IC) method. Perchlorate concentrations in the samples were measured with an IC instrument paired with tandem mass spectrometry detection. The concentration data show that perchlorate reached an annual maximum concentration in the austral autumn seasons, assuming that snowfall was relatively constant throughout the course of each year. Comparison with published total column ozone density …

Optimization And Structural Characterization Of Dimethyl Trisulfide (Dmts) Oxidation Product, Laura Dirks, Brian Peterson, Benjamin Walter

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Cyanide poisoning is a public concern, and there are many shortfalls in current cyanide treatments. Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) is a cyanide antidote candidate that overcomes these shortfalls. Currently, there are limited published reports related to the analysis of DMTS. Therefore, an analytical method to detect and analyze DMTS from a biological matrix is vital for it to become available as a therapeutic agent against cyanide poisoning. The motivation of this project is to develop an HPLC-MS/MS method for analysis of DMTS and its degradation products; however, DMTS is difficult to ionize, a requirement for MS analysis, due to its nonpolar …

The Journal Of Undergraduate Research: Volume 13

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

This is the complete issue of the South Dakota State University Journal of Undergraduate Research, Volume 13.

Strong Field Ionization Of Radicals And Reaction Intermediates, Fadia Cudry

Wayne State University Dissertations

This work presents results of adapting SFI probe for detection of radicals and their isomers. Radicals and reaction intermediates were produced using an established method flash pyrolysis. This combination allows for new insight in studying radicals and provide complementary results to the other detection methods used. This is the first study reporting the use of SFI to detect radicals. This detection will also provide structural information of the radicals under study.

For acetone and isoprene, a detailed study shows the SFI flash pyrolysis mass spectra. These mass spectra were then compared to the spectra produced by other detection techniques. We …

Biochemical And Structural Characterization Of The Core Subunits Of Gpi Transamidase, Dilani G. Gamage

Wayne State University Dissertations

BIOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CORE SUBUNITS OF GPI TRANSAMIDASE

by

DILANI G GAMAGE

May 2015

Advisor: Prof. Tamara L. Hendrickson

Major: Chemistry (Biochemistry)

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase (GPI-T) is a complicated, membrane-bound, multi-subunit enzyme that catalyzes an essential post-translational modification. This enzyme attaches GPI anchors to the C-termini of various proteins that contain a proper GPI-T signal sequence. Gpi8, Gaa1, Gpi16, Gpi17 and Gab1 are the five known subunits that may encompass the fungal GPI-T; Gpi8 is the catalytic subunit, but the functions of the other subunits remain essentially unknown. In humans, different GPI-T subunits are …

The Loss Of Genomic Uracil Homeostasis And Aid-Dependent Accumulation Of Dna Damage In B Cell Lymphomas, Sophia Shalhout

Wayne State University Dissertations

Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is a sequence-selective DNA cytosine deaminase that introduces uracils in immunoglobulin genes. This DNA mutator is required for somatic hypermutation and class switch recombination- processes involved in the affinity maturation and diversification of antibodies. AID, however, can also lead to deleterious mutations and translocations promoting lymphomagenesis. The introduction of uracils throughout the genome of activated B cells and the ability of UNG2 glycosylase to excise these uracils is examined here. This interplay was also studied in cancerous B cells, with different results emerging in transformed cells versus healthy cells. Genomic uracil levels are found to remain at …

A Prediction Modeling Framework For Noisy Welding Quality Data, Junheung Park

Wayne State University Dissertations

Numerous and various research projects have been conducted to utilize historical manufacturing process data in product design. These manufacturing process data often contain data inconsistencies, and it causes challenges in extracting useful information from the data. In resistance spot welding (RSW), data inconsistency is a well-known issue. In general, such inconsistent data are treated as noise data and removed from the original dataset before conducting analyses or constructing prediction models. This may not be desirable for every design and manufacturing applications since every data can contain important information to further explain the process. In this research, we propose a prediction …

Investigation Of New Ligand Architechtures Towards Proton And Water Reduction Catalysis By Cobalt Complexes, Debashis Basu

Wayne State University Dissertations

We designed several redox-active ligand architectures to optimize and understand the redox, electronic, and catalytic properties of their respective cobalt complexes. Ligand design was varied from pentadentate donor phenolate to tetradentate acceptor oxime in order to reduce the overpotential of hydrogen generation in organic solvents. We altered the substitution, axial ligands and axial ligand substitutions to vary electronic and catalytic properties for such tetra- or pentadentate ligand systems. Knowledge of the nature of the active species for catalysis enabled us to design the pentadentate oxime ligand which exhibited rich reaction chemistry along with suitable catalytic property in organic solvent. Presence …

On The Nature Of Excited States In Ruthenium Complexes: Towards Renewable Energy, Ryan A. Thomas

Wayne State University Dissertations

The 77 K radiative properties (spectra, quantum yields and lifetimes) of ruthenium-polypyridyl complexes are investigated to better understand the effects of electronic mixing on metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (3MLCT) excited state properties and how metal-centered (3MC) excited states affect the properties of potential ruthenium photosensitizers.The radiative rate of relaxation (kRAD) determines the maximum possible excited state lifetime when all other relaxation pathways are blocked (kn = 0 for all n  RAD). Thus, the excited state will relax only by means of an emission characteristic of the polypyridyl chromophore. kRAD is expected to increase as the excited state energy increases while the value …

Estimating Cold Nuclear Matter Effects Using Jets In P-Pb Collisions At √Snn = 5.02 Tev With The Alice Detector, Christopher Ghanim Yaldo

Wayne State University Dissertations

In heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC, a suppression of the nuclear modifi- cation factor for jets along with other strongly interacting particles has been observed relative to proton-proton collisions. To unambiguously determine if this suppression is due to the creation of a strongly interacting medium of de-confied partons referred to as the Quark-Gluon Plasma, or due to Cold Nuclear Matter effects, a "control experiment" is required. Proton-lead collisions serve as this control experiment, because these colli- sions are expected to be sensitive to cold nuclear matter effects while not producing a QGP at this collision energy (√sNN = …

Noncovalent Interactions Between Alkali Metal Cation And Aza/Thia-Crown Macrocycles: Mass Spectrometric Techniques And Theoretical Studies, Calvin A. Austin

Wayne State University Dissertations

Macrocyclic complexes have been useful in understanding many systems encountered in biology, along with having widespread use in analytical, pharmaceutical, and synthetic chemistry. My goal was to provide a quantitative experimental and theoretical description of cation-aza-crown and thia-crown ether interactions with alkali metal cations. Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) action spectroscopy and energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation (CID) techniques were used in conjunction with theoretical electronic structure calculations to characterize the structures, binding interactions, and stability of cation-aza-crown ether interactions. Quantum chemical calculations at several levels of theory were employed to characterize the structures and stabilities of the isolated cations and aza-crown …

Semantic Web Based Relational Database Access With Conflict Resolution, Fayez Khazalah

Wayne State University Dissertations

This thesis focuses on (1) accessing relational databases through Semantic Web technologies and (2) resolving conflicts that usually arises when integrating data from heterogeneous source schemas and/or instances.

In the first part of the thesis, we present an approach to access relational databases using Semantic Web technologies. Our approach is built on top of Ontop framework for Ontology Based Data Access. It extracts both Ontop mappings and an equivalent OWL ontology from an existing database schema. The end users can then access the underlying data source through SPARQL queries. The proposed approach takes into consideration the different relationships between the …

Stochastic Approximation Algorithms With Applications To Particle Swarm Optimization, Adaptive Optimization, And Consensus, Quan Yuan

Wayne State University Dissertations

In this dissertation, we present three problems arising in recent applications of stochastic approximation methods. In Chapter 2, we use stochastic approximation to analyze Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. We introduce four coefficients and rewrite the PSO procedure as a stochastic approximation type iterative algorithm. Then we analyze its convergence using weak convergence method. It is proved that a suitably scaled sequence of swarms converge to the solution of an ordinary differential equation. We also establish certain stability results. Moreover, convergence rates are ascertained by using weak convergence method. A centered and scaled sequence of the estimation errors is shown …

Chirped-Pulse Fourier Transform Microwave Spectroscopy In Pulsed Uniform Supersonic Flows, Chamara S.W Abeysekera

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation is focused on the development of a new experimental apparatus that combines two powerful techniques: Chirped-Pulse Fourier-Transform Microwave (CP-FTMW) spectroscopy and uniform supersonic flows. This combination promises a nearly universal detection method that can deliver quantitative isomer, conformer, and vibrational level specific detection; characterize unstable reaction products and intermediates; and perform unique spectroscopic, kinetics and dynamics measurements.

Thus, a new high-power Ka band (26 – 40 GHz) chirped pulse spectrometer with sub-MHz resolution was designed and constructed. In order to study smaller molecules, E-band (60 – 90 GHz) capabilities were also added to the spectrometer. A novel strategy …

Dynamics Of Biopolymers On Nanomaterials Studied By Quasielastic Neutron Scattering And Mdsimulations, Gurpreet Dhindsa

Wayne State University Dissertations

Neutron scattering has been proved to be a powerful tool to study the dynamics of biological systems under various conditions. This thesis intends to utilize neutron scattering techniques, combining with MD simulations, to develop fundamental understanding of several biologically interesting systems. Our systems include a drug delivery system containing Nanodiamonds with nucleic acid (RNA), and two specific model proteins, β-Casein and Inorganic Pyrophosphatase (IPPase).

RNA and nanodiamond (ND) both are suitable for drug-delivery applications in nano-biotechnology. The architecturally flexible RNA with catalytic functionality forms nanocomposites that can treat life-threatening diseases. The non-toxic ND has excellent mechanical and optical properties and …

On A Multi-Dimensional Singular Stochastic Control Problem: The Parabolic Case, Nhat Do Minh Nguyen

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation considers a stochastic dynamic system which is governed by a multidimensional diffusion process with time dependent coefficients. The control acts additively on the state of the system. The objective is to minimize the expected cumulative cost associated with the position of the system and the amount of control exerted. It is proved that Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman’s equation of the problem has a solution, which corresponds to the optimal cost of the problem. We also investigate the smoothness of the free boundary arising from the problem.

In the second part of the dissertation, we study the backward parabolic problem for a …

New Characterizations Of Sobolev Spaces On Heisenberg And Carnot Groups And High Order Sobolev Spaces On Eucliean Spaces, Xiaoyue Cui

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on new characterizations of Sobolev spaces .

It encompasses an in-depth study of Sobolev spaces on Heisenberg groups, as well as Carnot groups, second order and high order Sobolev spaces on Euclidean spaces.

Biological Evaluation Of The Vaccine Candidate Tf-Ps A1 And A One-Pot Multicomponent Coupling/Cyclization For Natural Product Herbicide (±)-Thaxtomin A, Jean Paul Bourgault

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE VACCINE CANDIDATE TF-PS A1 AND A ONE-POT MULTICOMPONENT COUPLING/CYCLIZATION FOR NATURAL PRODUCT HERBICIDE (±)-THAXTOMIN A

By

JEAN PAUL BOURGAULT

August 2015

Advisor: Prof. Peter R. Andreana

Major: Chemistry (Organic)

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

The -aminooxy derivative of the Thomsen–Friedenreich tumor associated carbohydrate antigen has been synthesized in 11 steps utilizing a D-GalN3 acceptor carrying a pre-installed -N-hydroxysuccinimidyl moiety. The natural  linkage was prepared in high selectivity employing a suitably protected D-GalN3-thioglycoside donor with N-hydroxysuccinimide. With access to -TF-ONH2, the preparation of the TF-PS A1 vaccine candidate ensued smoothly through oxime bond formation. This construct …

Efficient Algorithms And Optimizations For Scientific Computing On Many-Core Processors, Kamel Rushaidat

Wayne State University Dissertations

Designing efficient algorithms for many-core and multicore architectures requires using different strategies to allow for the best exploitation of the hardware resources on those architectures. Researchers have ported many scientific applications to modern many-core and multicore parallel architectures, and by doing so they have achieved significant speedups over running on single CPU cores. While many applications have achieved significant speedups, some applications still require more effort to accelerate due to their inherently serial behavior.

One class of applications that has this serial behavior is the Monte Carlo simulations. Monte Carlo simulations have been used to simulate many problems in statistical …

Multiple Dalitz Plot Analysis At Cleo-C, Mackenzie Smith

Wayne State University Dissertations

Dalitz Plot analysis is a standard technique for the study of weak hadronic 3-body decays. This technique allows us to extract the relative amplitudes, phases, and fit fractions of the resonances that are the primary product of such decays. A Dalitz analysis is complicated by the presence of two or more interfering resonances that appear at the same place on the plot. In this analysis I attempt to resolve the $K^{0}_{s} a_{0}(980)^{0}$ and $K^{0}_{s} f_{0}(980)$ in the decay of $D^{0} \to K^{0}_{s} K^{+} K^{-}$. Using the $K^{0}_{s} a_{0}(980)^{0}$ resonance found in $D^{0} \to K^{0}_{s} \pi^{0} \eta$, I compare equating a …

Plus: A Unique Personalized Literature Recommender System, Jingwen Zhang

Wayne State University Theses

There are massive research papers published from various of disciplines every year, and people who are engaged in scientific research usually have to spend a large amount of time on searching and finding the papers that they are interested in.

In this thesis, we illustrated a unique personalized literature recommender system (PLUS) which was proposed to predict users' personal research interests and recommend the latest papers to them as much as possible. The system shows advantages in four aspects: (1) it takes multiple sources that could reflect a user's personal research interest as the input; (2) it prevents the recommendations …

Synthesis Of Cryptands For Eu2+-Containing Complexes, Chengcheng Wang

Wayne State University Theses

Eu2+-containing complexes have considerable applications in synthetic chemistry, medical diagnosis, and materials science. However, Eu2+ is easily oxidized in solution when exposed to air. Allen and coworkers have demonstrated that Eu2+ can be stabilized by functionalized cryptands. Based on this idea, I focused my research on synthesizing cryptands. The progress towards synthesizing several modified cryptands is described in the thesis. The Eu2+-containing complexes of these cryptates have potential applications as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, luminescent materials, and magnetic materials.

Search For Fully Reconstructed W Boson Decay, Sangeetha Baskaran

Wayne State University Theses

We have applied techniques used in reconstructing charm and bottom hadron decays to reconstruct W Boson decay. This technique can also be used for the study of other heavy Boson decays. We search for the decay of a W Boson to a D+ meson and a K*0 meson. Events are selected based on the topology of the displaced decay vertex of the D+ → K^- π^+ π^+ . The K*0 is reconstructed in its K^± π^∓ decay mode.

Developing An Automated Forecasting Framework For Predicting Operation Room Block Time, Azad Sadr Haghighi

Wayne State University Theses

Operating rooms are the most important part of the hospitals, since they have highest influence on financial state of the hospital. Because of high uncertainty in surgery cases demands and their durations, the scheduling of the surgeries becomes a very challenging and critical issue in hospitals. One of the most common approaches to overcome this uncertainty is applying block times which is the time intervals allocated to surgery groups in the hospital. Assigning sufficient amount of the time to each block, is very important, since overestimating lead to wasting resources and on the other hand underestimation causes the overtime staffing …

Effective Auto Encoder For Unsupervised Sparse Representation, Faria Mahnaz

Wayne State University Theses

High dimensionality and the sheer size of unlabeled data available today demand

new development in unsupervised learning of sparse representation. Despite of recent

advances in representation learning, most of the current methods are limited when

dealing with large scale unlabeled data. In this study, we propose a new unsupervised

method that is able to learn sparse representation from unlabeled data efficiently. We

derive a closed-form solution based on the sequential minimal optimization (SMO)

for training an auto encoder-decoder module, which efficiently extracts sparse and

compact features from any data set with various size. The inference process in the

proposed learning …

Unsupervised Learning And Image Classification In High Performance Computing Cluster, Itauma Itauma

Wayne State University Theses

Feature learning and object classification in machine learning have become very active research areas in recent decades. Identifying good features has various benefits for object classification in respect to reducing the computational cost and increasing the classification accuracy. In addition, many research studies have focused on the use of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) to improve the training time for machine learning algorithms. In this study, the use of an alternative platform, called High Performance Computing Cluster (HPCC), to handle unsupervised feature learning, image and speech classification and improve the computational cost is proposed.

HPCC is a Big Data processing and …

Quantitative And Qualitative Evaluation Of Metrics On Object Graphs Extracted By Abstract Interpretation, Sumukhi Chandrashekar

Wayne State University Theses

Evaluating programming-language based techniques is crucial to judge their usefulness in practice but requires a careful selection of systems on

which to evaluate the technique. Since it is particularly hard to evaluate a heavyweight technique, such as one that requires adding annotations

to the code or rewriting the system in a radically different language, it is common to use a lightweight proxy to predict the technique's usefulness

for a system. But the reliability of such a proxy is unclear.

We propose a principled data-driven approach to derive a lightweight proxy for a heavyweight technique that requires adding annotations to the …

Design And Synthesis Of Isatin-Based Caspase Inhibitors For Ruthenium Caging Applications, Kasun Chinthaka Ratnayake

Wayne State University Theses

ABSTRACT

DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF ISATIN BASED CASPASE INHIBITORS FOR RUTHENIUM CAGING APPLICATIONS

by

KASUN CHINTHAKA RATNAYAKE

August 2015

Advisor: Jeremy J. Kodanko, Ph.D.

Major: Chemistry (Organic)

Degree: Master of Science

Apoptosis is the energy dependent programmed cell death. Improper function of apoptosis could lead to diseases such as cancers, strokes, Alziemer’s disease. Caspases are the enzymes involved in the later stage of this process. Peptidyl and non-peptidyl caspase inhibitors have been synthesized recently. These non-peptidyl compound classes which consist of pyrrolidinyl-5-sulfo isatins have showed a greater potency against executioner caspases, caspase-3 and -7. According to literature and for further …

A Customer Choice Modeling Framework For Assortment Planning Of Configurable Products In Automotive Industry, Farah Dubaisi

Wayne State University Theses

Due to the increased competition in the auto industry, proliferation of the vehicle models and increased customer need for choice and customization, it has become more critical than ever to offer a variety of features and customization flexibility while at the same time restraining and, even better, cutting down the costs. Product complexity, in the automotive industry, can be measured by the size of the assortment offered, i.e., set of vehicle configurations a customer can choose from (e.g., for a given model of a brand). While complexity fosters growth with increased alignment of product characteristics and customer needs, it results …