Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Wearable Computing: Interface, Emotions And The Wearer's Culture, Robert Mccloud, Martha B. Lerski

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

Wearable computing offers an interesting subset for the mobile computing field. While Google Glass might not yet have found the mass audience it sought, other, simpler, wearable devices have made an impact. This paper presents results of a four-week long experiment in how subjects interact and emotionally respond to the Fitbit Flex. Users tracked daily totals of steps, distance traveled, minutes active, calories burned, and time slept. They also found their own personal uses for the Fitbit interface. Users were asked to be aware of and report their emotional reactions by keeping continuous, daily journals. A popular and relatively inexpensive …

Augmented Reality All Around Us: Power And Perception At A Crossroads, Marty J. Wolf, Frances Grodzinsky

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper we continue to explore the ethics and social impact of augmented visual field devices (AVFDs). Recently, Microsoft announced the pending release of HoloLens, and Magic Leap filed a patent application for technology that will project light directly onto the wearer’s retina. Here we explore the notion of deception in relation to the impact these devices have on developers, users, and non-users as they interact via these devices. These sorts of interactions raise questions regarding autonomy and suggest a strong need for informed consent protocols. We identify issues of ownership that arise due to the blending of physical …

Unmatter Plasma Discovered, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The electron-positron beam plasma was generated in the laboratory in the beginning of 2015. This experimental fact shows that unmatter, a new form of matter that is formed by matter and antimatter bind together (mathematically predicted a decade ago) really exists. That is the electron-positron plasma experiment of 2015 is the experimentum crucis verifying the mathematically predicted unmatter.

Infinite Quaternion Pseudo Rings Using [0, N), Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book authors study the properties of finite real quaternion ring which was introduced in [2000]. Here a complete study of these finite quaternion rings are made. Also polynomial quaternion rings are defined, they happen to behave in a very different way. In the first place the fundamental theorem of algebra, “a nth degree polynomial has n and only n roots”, n is untrue in case of polynomial in polynomial quaternion rings in general. Further the very concept of derivative and integrals of these polynomials are untrue. Finally interval pseudo quaternion rings also behave in an erratic way. Not …

Neutrosophic Crisp Set Theory, Florentin Smarandache, A.A. Salama

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Since the world is full of indeterminacy, the Neutrosophics found their place into contemporary research. We now introduce for the first time the notions of Neutrosophic Crisp Sets and Neutrosophic Topology on Crisp Sets. We develop the 2012 notion of Neutrosophic Topological Spaces and give many practical examples. Neutrosophic Science means development and applications of Neutrosophic Logic, Set, Measure, Integral, Probability etc., and their applications in any field. It is possible to define the neutrosophic measure and consequently the neutrosophic integral and neutrosophic probability in many ways, because there are various types of indeterminacies, depending on the problem we need …

Natural Neutrosophic Numbers And Mod Neutrosophic Numbers, Florentin Smarandache, W.B. Vasantha Kandasamy, K. Ilanthenral

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book authors answer the question proposed by Florentin Smarandache “Does there exist neutrosophic numbers which are such that they take values differently and behave differently from I; the indeterminate?”. We have constructed a class of natural neutrosophic numbers m 0I , m xI , m yI , m zI where m 0I × m 0I = m 0I , m xI × m xI = m xI and m yI × m yI = m yI and m yI × m xI = m 0I and m zI × m zI = m 0I . Here take m …

Fuzzy Abel Grassmann Groupoids, Florentin Smarandache, Madad Khan, Tariq Aziz

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Usually the models of real world problems in almost all disciplines like engineering, medical sciences, mathematics, physics, computer science, management sciences, operations research and articial intelligence are mostly full of complexities and consist of several types of uncertainties while dealing them in several occasion. To overcome these di¢ culties of uncertainties, many theories have been developed such as rough sets theory, probability theory, fuzzy sets theory, theory of vague sets, theory of soft ideals and the theory of intuitionistic fuzzy sets, theory of neutrosophic sets, Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT), etc. Zadeh introduced the degree of membership/truth (t) in 1965 and dened …

255 Compiled And Solved Problems In Geometry And Trigonometry, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

A Gaussian Mixture Model For Automated Vesicle Fusion Detection And Classification, Haohan Li

Masters Theses

"Accurately detecting and classifying vesicle-plasma membrane fusion events in fluorescence microscopy, is of primary interest for studying biological activities in a close proximity to the plasma membrane. In this paper, we present a novel Gaussian mixture model for automated identification of vesicle-plasma membrane fusion and partial fusion events in total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy image sequences. Image patches of fusion event candidates are detected in individual images and linked over consecutive frames. A Gaussian mixture model is fit on each image patch of the patch sequence with outliers rejected for robust Gaussian fitting. The estimated parameters of Gaussian functions over …

Arrow: A Modern Reversible Programming Language, Eli Rose

Honors Papers

Reversible programming languages are those whose programs can be run backwards as well as forwards. This condition impacts even the most basic constructs, such as =, if and while. I discuss Janus, the first imperative reversible programming language, and its limitations. I then introduce Arrow, a reversible language with modern features, including functions. Example programs are provided.

Neutrosophic Precalculus And Neutrosophic Calculus, Florentin Smarandache

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Neutrosophic Analysis is a generalization of Set Analysis, which in its turn is a generalization of Interval Analysis.

Neutrosophic Precalculus is referred to indeterminate staticity, while Neutrosophic Calculus is the mathematics of indeterminate change.

The Neutrosophic Precalculus and Neutrosophic Calculus can be developed in many ways, depending on the types of indeterminacy one has and on the methods used to deal with such indeterminacy.

In this book, the author presents a few examples of indeterminacies and several methods to deal with these specific indeterminacies, but many other indeterminacies there exist in our everyday life, and they have to be studied …

A New Type Of Group Action Through The Applications Of Fuzzy Sets And Neutrosophic Sets, Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Fuzzy sets are the most significant tools to handle uncertain data while neutrosophic sets are the generalizations of fuzzy sets in the sense to handle uncertain, incomplete, inconsistent, indeterminate, false data. In this paper, we introduced fuzzy subspaces and neutrosophic subspaces (generalization of fuzzy subspaces) by applying group actions.Further, we define fuzzy transitivity and neutrosophic transitivty in this paper. Fuzzy orbits and neutrosophic orbits are introduced as well. We also studied some basic properties of fuzzy subspaces as well as neutrosophic subspaces.

Algebraic Problems And Exercises For High School, Florentin Smarandache, Ion Goian, Raisa Grigor, Vasila Marin

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In this book, you will find algebraic exercises and problems, grouped by chapters, intended for higher grades in high schools or middle schools of general education. Its purpose is to facilitate training in mathematics for students in all high school categories, but can be equally helpful in a standalone work. The book can also be used as an extracurricular source, as the reader shall find enclosed important theorems and formulas, standard definitions and notions that are not always included in school textbooks.

Selfish Routing On Dynamic Flows, Christine Marie Antonsen

Honors Papers

Selfish routing on dynamic flows over time is used to model scenarios that vary with time in which individual agents act in their best interest. In this paper we provide a survey of a particular dynamic model, the deterministic queuing model, and discuss how the model can be adjusted and applied to different real-life scenarios. We then examine how these adjustments affect the computability, optimality, and existence of selfish routings.

Chaos And Learning In Discrete-Time Neural Networks, Jess M. Banks

Honors Papers

We study a family of discrete-time recurrent neural network models in which the synaptic connectivity changes slowly with respect to the neuronal dynamics. The fast (neuronal) dynamics of these models display a wealth of behaviors ranging from simple convergence and oscillation to chaos, and the addition of slow (synaptic) dynamics which mimic the biological mechanisms of learning and memory induces complex multiscale dynamics which render rigorous analysis quite difficult. Nevertheless, we prove a general result on the interplay of these two dynamical timescales, demarcating a regime of parameter space within which a gradual dampening of chaotic neuronal behavior is induced …

Mind-Craft: Exploring The Relation Between "Digital" Visual Experience And Orientation In Visual Contour Perception, Daniel Hipp

Graduate Dissertations and Theses

Visual perception depends fundamentally on statistical regularities in the environment to make sense of the world. One such regularity is the orientation anisotropy typical of natural scenes; most natural scenes contain slightly more horizontal and vertical information than oblique information. This property is likely a primary cause of the “oblique effect” in visual perception, in which subjects experience greater perceptual fluently with horizontally and vertically oriented content than oblique. However, recent changes in the visual environment, including the “carpentered” content in urban scenes and the framed, caricatured content in digital screen media presentations, may have altered the level of orientation …

Front Matter [Preface And List Of Contributors], National Organizing Committee, International Grassland Congress

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Grassland Renovation And Consequences For Nutrient Management, Johannes Isselstein, Manfred Kayser

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Sward degradation is a serious threat to the functioning of grassland and the provision of ecosystem services. Renovation measures are frequently applied in order to restore degraded swards. However, the success is highly variable and substantial tradeoffs are often found following renovation such as among agronomic and environmental services. Starting from a general classification of renovation measures the paper investigates the processes induced by renovation that lead to a change of the vegetation and that affect carbon and nitrogen fluxes. These processes are strongly interrelated and dependent on site, climate and management condition as well as on the time scale. …

Impact Of Market Forces On Product Quality And Grassland Condition, David L. Michalk, Jianping Wu, Warwick B. Badgery, David R. Kemp

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Meeting demands for livestock products which are predicted to more than double during the next 20 years, is central to the challenge of feeding the world sustainably. Smallholders will play a key role in achieving global security in animal protein. However, this requires a shift from subsistence to market-oriented farming where production efficiency not the number of livestock is the key focus with the aim of producing ‘more from less’. For grassland-based ruminant production, reducing stocking rate from current unsustainable levels under subsistence management is an essential first step to producing more production and profit from fewer animals. This is …

Compressive Sensing With Redundant Dictionaries And Structured Measurements, Felix Krahmer, Deanna Needell, Rachel Ward

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

Consider the problem of recovering an unknown signal from undersampled measurements, given the knowledge that the signal has a sparse representation in a specified dictionary D. This problem is now understood to be well-posed and efficiently solvable under suitable assumptions on the measurements and dictionary, if the number of measurements scales roughly with the sparsity level. One sufficient condition for such is the D-restricted isometry property (D-RIP), which asks that the sampling matrix approximately preserve the norm of all signals which are sufficiently sparse in D. While many classes of random matrices are known to satisfy such conditions, such matrices …

One-Bit Compressive Sensing With Partial Support, Phillip North, Deanna Needell

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

The Compressive Sensing framework maintains relevance even when the available measurements are subject to extreme quantization, as is exemplified by the so-called one-bit compressed sensing framework which aims to recover a signal from measurements reduced to only their sign-bit. In applications, it is often the case that we have some knowledge of the structure of the signal beforehand, and thus would like to leverage it to attain more accurate and efficient recovery. This work explores avenues for incorporating such partial support information into the one-bit setting. Experimental results demonstrate that newly proposed methods of this work yield improved signal recovery …

On Lattices Generated By Finite Abelian Groups, Albrecht Böttcher, Lenny Fukshansky, Stephan Ramon Garcia, Hiren Maharaj

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

This paper is devoted to the study of lattices generated by finite Abelian groups. Special species of such lattices arise in the exploration of elliptic curves over finite fields. In the case where the generating group is cyclic, they are also known as the Barnes lattices. It is shown that for every finite Abelian group with the exception of the cyclic group of order four these lattices have a basis of minimal vectors. Another result provides an improvement of a recent upper bound by M. Sha for the covering radius in the case of the Barnes lattices. Also discussed are …

Stability Of Ideal Lattices From Quadratic Number Fields, Lenny Fukshansky

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

We study semi-stable ideal lattices coming from real quadratic number fields. Specifically, we demonstrate infinite families of semi-stable and unstable ideal lattices of trace type, establishing explicit conditions on the canonical basis of an ideal that ensure stability; in particular, our result implies that an ideal lattice of trace type coming from a real quadratic field is semi-stable with positive probability. We also briefly discuss the connection between stability and well-roundedness of Euclidean lattices.

Height Bounds On Zeros Of Quadratic Forms Over Q-Bar, Lenny Fukshansky

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

In this paper we establish three results on small-height zeros of quadratic polynomials over Q. For a single quadratic form in N ≥ 2 variables on a subspace of Q N , we prove an upper bound on the height of a smallest nontrivial zero outside of an algebraic set under the assumption that such a zero exists. For a system of k quadratic forms on an L-dimensional subspace of Q N , N ≥ L ≥ k(k+1) 2 + 1, we prove existence of a nontrivial simultaneous small-height zero. For a system of one or two inhomogeneous quadratic and …

Permutation Invariant Lattices, Lenny Fukshansky, Stephan Ramon Garcia, Xun Sun

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

We say that a Euclidean lattice in Rn is permutation invariant if its automorphism group has non-trivial intersection with the symmetric group Sn, i.e., if the lattice is closed under the action of some non-identity elements of Sn. Given a fixed element τ ∈ Sn, we study properties of the set of all lattices closed under the action of τ: we call such lattices τ-invariant. These lattices naturally generalize cyclic lattices introduced by Micciancio in [8, 9], which we previously studied in [1]. Continuing our investigation, we discuss some basic properties of permutation invariant lattices, in particular proving that the …

Spherical 2-Designs And Lattices From Abelian Groups, Albrecht Böttcher, Lenny Fukshansky, Stephan Ramon Garcia, Hiren Maharaj

CMC Faculty Publications and Research

We consider lattices generated by finite Abelian groups. The main result says that such a lattice is strongly eutactic, which means the normalized minimal vectors of the lattice form a spherical 2-design, if and only if the group is of odd order or if it is a power of the group of order 2. This result also yields a criterion for the appropriately normalized minimal vectors to constitute a uniform normalized tight frame.

Synthesis And Characterization Of Imidazolium Salt Derivatives For Anti-Tumor Activity, Ryan W. Pearce

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Several aldehydes (butanal, pentanal, hexanal, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) were reacted with 1,3-bis(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolium bromide (1) to produce novel C² substituted imidazolium salts for the potential use against non-small cell lung cancer in humans. Compounds 2-(1-hydroxypentyl)-1,3-bis(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolium bromide (3) and 2-(1-hydroxyhexyl)-1,3-bis(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-imidazolium bromide (5) were successfully synthesized with structures supported by NMR and mass spectrometry. Characterization by ¹H NMR showed evidence of 1 in both compounds. The tumor cell growth inhibition of 3 against non-small cell lung cancer lines NCI-A549, NCI-H460, HCC827, and NCI-H1975 was tested and found to be comparable to cisplatin as measured by MTT assay. …

Elasticity Of Differentiated And Undifferentiated Human Neuroblastoma Cells Characterized By Atomic Force Microscopy, Shijia Zhao, Alexander B. Stamm, Jeong Soon Lee, Alexei Gruverman, Jung Yul Lim, Linxia Gu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells, with its ability to differentiate into neurons, have been widely used as the in vitro cell culture model for neuroscience research, especially in studying the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and developing therapeutic strategies. Cellular elasticity could potentially serve as a biomarker to quantitatively distinguish undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The goal of this work is to characterize the retinoic acid (RA) induced alternations of elastic properties of SH-SY5Y cells using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The elasticity was measured at multiple points of a single cell. Results have shown that the differentiation of SH-SY5Y cell led …

Optical Control Of Electron Phase Space In Plasma Accelerators With Incoherently Stacked Laser Pulses, Serguei Y. Kalmuykov, X Davoine, R Lehe, A F. Lifschitz, Bradley Allan Shadwick

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

It is demonstrated that synthesizing an ultrahigh-bandwidth, negatively chirped laser pulse by incoherently stacking pulses of different wavelengths makes it possible to optimize the process of electron self-injection in a dense, highly dispersive plasma (n0 ~ 1019 c~3). Avoiding transformation of the driving pulse into a relativistic optical shock maintains a quasi-monoenergetic electron spectrum through electron dephasing and boosts electron energy far beyond the limits suggested by existing scaling laws. In addition, evolution of the accelerating bucket in a plasma channel is shown to produce a background-free, tunable train of femtosecond-duration, 35–100 kA, time-synchronized quasi-monoenergetic electron bunches. The combination of …

Evaluation Of Rhizoctonia Zeae As A Potential Biological Control Option For Fungal Root Diseases Of Sugar Beet, K M. Webb, R. M. Harveson, M S. West

Panhandle Research and Extension Center

Several common root diseases routinely damage sugar beet in Nebraska and other production areas of the Central High Plains, and it is becoming more common to find fields infested simultaneously with multiple pathogens. Owing to the shortage of available fungicides for economic management of soilborne diseases, alternative techniques such as biological control are increasingly being sought for disease management. Over the last several years, unidentified, sterile fungi have been isolated in conjunction with pathogens from infected sugar beet roots and seedlings. At least two promising isolates have been identified from in vitro assays that inhibit the radial growth of multiple …