Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Impact Of Multiple Water Temperature Structures On The Behavioral Pattern Of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) On The Coast Of The Shiretoko Peninsula, Xinyi Li, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Hokuto Shirakawa, Kenji Minami, Nobuhiko Sato, Yanhui Zhu, Yasuyuki Miyakoshi, Kazushi Miyashita

Journal of Marine Science and Technology

During the migration of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) towards the Shiretoko Peninsula in Hokkaido, Japan, the convergence of coastal currents results in the formation of intricate water temperature structures. However, the impact of this phenomenon on the behavioral tendencies of chum salmon remains largely unexplored. In 2012 and 2013, we conducted a study to document the vertical water temperature profiles and uninterrupted swimming patterns of homing chum salmon in the coastal waters surrounding the Shiretoko Peninsula. The results indicated that chum salmon exhibited a preference for avoiding thermoclines characterized by rapidly decreasing water temperatures. They were predominantly observed swimming either …

Leveraging Targeted Regions Of Interest By Analyzing Code Comprehension With Ai-Enabled Eye-Tracking, Md Shakil Hossain

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Code comprehension studies techniques for extracting information that give insights on how code is understood. For educators teaching programming courses, this is an important but often difficult task, especially given the challenges of large class sizes, limited time, and grading resources. By analyzing where a student looks during a code comprehension task, instructors can gain insights into what information the student deems important and assess whether they are looking in the right areas of the code. The proportion of time spent viewing a part of the code is also a useful indicator of the student's decision-making process. The goal of …

Fabrication And Investigation Of Microfluidic Devices That Produce Non-Linear Chemical Gradients, Elijah L. Waters

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Investigation of cell chemotaxis requires controlled chemical gradients. We investigated microfluidic devices that could enhance small populations' cell assays because of their ability to generate various chemical gradients. Our five designs generate different chemical concentration landscapes that we can easily convert into tools to study cell response to growth factors. Gradient landscapes occurred by splitting and mixing two input fluid concentrations using bifurcations, trifurcations, and Y-mixing junctions in three consecutive steps. Such fluid flow manipulations resulted in nine concentration streams entering a 0.54-mm-wide gradient chamber. The first design used a 1:1 ratio Y-mixer (unbiased) when blending two concentrations, resulting in …

Prediction Of Kinase-Substrate Associations Using The Functional Landscape Of Kinases And Phosphorylation Sites, Marzieh Ayati, Serhan Yılmaz, Filipa Blasco Tavares Pereira Lopes, Mark R. Chance, Mehmet Koyutürk

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Protein phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification that plays a central role in many cellular processes. With recent advances in biotechnology, thousands of phosphorylated sites can be identified and quantified in a given sample, enabling proteome-wide screening of cellular signaling. However, for most (> 90%) of the phosphorylation sites that are identified in these experiments, the kinase(s) that target these sites are unknown. To broadly utilize available structural, functional, evolutionary, and contextual information in predicting kinase-substrate associations (KSAs), we develop a network-based machine learning framework. Our framework integrates a multitude of data sources to characterize the landscape of functional relationships …

Adaptive Resolution Loss: An Efficient And Effective Loss For Time Series Self-Supervised Learning Framework, Kevin Garcia, Juan Manuel Perez, Yifeng Gao

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Time series data is a crucial form of information that has vast opportunities. With the widespread use of sensor networks, largescale time series data has become ubiquitous. One of the most prominent problems in time series data mining is representation learning. Recently, with the introduction of self-supervised learning frameworks (SSL), numerous amounts of research have focused on designing an effective SSL for time series data. One of the current state-of-the-art SSL frameworks in time series is called TS2Vec. TS2Vec specially designs a hierarchical contrastive learning framework that uses loss-based training, which performs outstandingly against benchmark testing. However, the computational cost …

On The Cubic Equation With Its Siebeck–Marden–Northshield Triangle And The Quartic Equation With Its Tetrahedron, Emil Prodanov

Articles

The real roots of the cubic and quartic polynomials are studied geometrically with the help of their respective Siebeck–Marden–Northshield equilateral triangle and regular tetrahedron. The Viète trigonometric formulæ for the roots of the cubic are established through the rotation of the triangle by variation of the free term of the cubic. A very detailed complete root classification for the quartic 𝑥4 + 𝑎𝑥3 + 𝑏𝑥2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 is proposed for which the conditions are imposed on the individual coefficients 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, and 𝑑. The maximum and minimum lengths of the interval containing the four real roots of …

The Lagrangian Formulation For Wave Motion With A Shear Current And Surface Tension, Conor Curtin, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

The Lagrangian formulation for the irrotational wave motion is straightforward and follows from a Lagrangian functional which is the difference between the kinetic and the potential energy of the system. In the case of fluid with constant vorticity, which arises for example when a shear current is present, the separation of the energy into kinetic and potential is not at all obvious and neither is the Lagrangian formulation of the problem. Nevertheless, we use the known Hamiltonian formulation of the problem in this case to obtain the Lagrangian density function, and utilising the Euler-Lagrange equations we proceed to derive some …

Thermodynamic Analysis Of Digestate Pyrolysis Coupled With Co2 Sorption, Antonella Dimotta, Cesare Freda

Conference papers

To date the management of digestate is a crucial task for anaerobic digestion process. In the present work a strategy for digestate management is thermodynamically analyzed by a commercial software for process simulation called CHEMCAD®. Pyrolysis of digestate is simulated by a minimization of the free Gibbs energy. The sequestration of the carbon dioxide (CO2) released by the pyrolysis is investigated by the addition of calcium oxide, in order to reduce CO2 emissions. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature between 400–900 °C and of the CaO/digestate mass ratio between 0–0.5 was discussed, as well. The CHEMCAD application allowed to investigate …

A Web-Based Synchronized Architecture For Collaborative Dynamic Diagnosis And Therapy Planning, Qi Zhang

Faculty Publications - Information Technology

Clinical treatment delivery often involves multiple medical professionals, where collaborative teamwork is crucial to ensure the quality of diagnosis and therapeutic decision making. With the development of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and its applications in mobile health (mHealth), healthcare services can be delivered to remote users. However, a challenging situation arises when the data are volumetric and dynamic, it will be difficult to achieve real-time performance in information streaming and data dynamic rendering and synchronization over Internet, as is the case with cardiac procedures, where both the anatomy and dynamic function characteristics of the organ must be considered. To …

Optimal Tracking Of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems Using Zero-Sum Game Formulation And Hybrid Learning, Behzad Farzanegan, S. (Sarangapani) Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a novel hybrid learning-based optimal tracking method to address zero-sum game problems for partially uncertain nonlinear discrete-time systems. An augmented system and its associated discounted cost function are defined to address optimal tracking. Three multi-layer neural networks (NNs) are utilized to approximate the optimal control and the worst-case disturbance inputs, and the value function. The critic weights are tuned using the hybrid technique, whose weights are updated once at the sampling instants and in an iterative manner over finite times within the sampling instants. The proposed hybrid technique helps accelerate the convergence of the approximated value functional …

Optimal Adaptive Tracking Control Of Partially Uncertain Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems Using Lifelong Hybrid Learning, Behzad Farzanegan, Rohollah Moghadam, Sarangapani Jagannathan, Pappa Natarajan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This article addresses a multilayer neural network (MNN)-based optimal adaptive tracking of partially uncertain nonlinear discrete-time (DT) systems in affine form. By employing an actor–critic neural network (NN) to approximate the value function and optimal control policy, the critic NN is updated via a novel hybrid learning scheme, where its weights are adjusted once at a sampling instant and also in a finite iterative manner within the instants to enhance the convergence rate. Moreover, to deal with the persistency of excitation (PE) condition, a replay buffer is incorporated into the critic update law through concurrent learning. To address the vanishing …

Continual Learning-Based Optimal Output Tracking Of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems With Constraints: Application To Safe Cargo Transfer, Behzad Farzanegan, S. (Sarangapani) Jagannathan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Paper Addresses a Novel Lifelong Learning (LL)-Based Optimal Output Tracking Control of Uncertain Non-Linear Affine Discrete-Time Systems (DT) with State Constraints. First, to Deal with Optimal Tracking and Reduce the Steady State Error, a Novel Augmented System, Including Tracking Error and its Integral Value and Desired Trajectory, is Proposed. to Guarantee Safety, an Asymmetric Barrier Function (BF) is Incorporated into the Utility Function to Keep the Tracking Error in a Safe Region. Then, an Adaptive Neural Network (NN) Observer is Employed to Estimate the State Vector and the Control Input Matrix of the Uncertain Nonlinear System. Next, an NN-Based …

Not Your Typical Tower Of Sauron, John Adam

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

The picture is of the tapering Chester Shot Tower, located in Chester, England. It was built in 1799 for the manufacture of lead shot for use in the Napoleonic Wars. Molten lead was poured through a sieve at the top of the tower, with the tiny droplets forming perfect spheres during the fall; these were then cooled in a vat of water at the base. This process was less labor intensive than an earlier method using molds. It is the oldest of the three remaining shot towers in the UK.

Question 1: Using the parked van at the base, estimate …

Jet Noise Reduction: A Fresh Start, Christopher K. Tam, Fang Q. Hu

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Attempts to reduce jet noise began some 70 years ago. In the literature, there have been many publications written on this topic. By now, it is common knowledge that jet noise consists of a number of components. They possess different spectral and radiation characteristics and are generated by different mechanisms. It appears then that one may aim at the suppression of the noise of a single component instead of trying to reduce jet noise overall. The objective of the present project is to reduce large turbulence structures noise. It is the most dominant noise component radiating in the downstream direction. …

Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensors For Neurotransmitters Detection: Recent Achievements And Trends, Zina Fredj, Baljit Singh Dr., Mohamed Bahri, Peiwu Qin, Mohamad Sawan

Articles

Neurotransmitters (NTs) play a crucial role in regulating the behavioral and physiological functions of the nervous system. Imbalances in the concentrations of NT have been directly linked to various neurological diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and Alzheimer’s disease), in addition to multiple psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, dementia, and other neurodegenerative disorders. Hence, the rapid and real-time monitoring of the NTs is of utmost importance in comprehending neurological functions and identifying disorders. Among different sensing techniques, electrochemical biosensors have garnered significant interest due to their ability to deliver fast results, compatibility for miniaturization and portability, high sensitivity, and good controllability. …

Synthesis, Densification, And Cation Inversion In High Entropy (Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)Al2o4 Spinel, Cole A. Corlett, Nina Obradovic, Jeremy Lee Watts, Eric W. Bohannan, William Fahrenholtz

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The synthesis, densification behavior, and crystallographic site occupancy were investigated for four different spinel-based ceramics, including a high-entropy spinel (Co_0.2Cu_0.2Mg_0.2Ni_0.2 Zn_0.2)Al₂O₄. Each composition was reacted to form a single phase, but analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns revealed differences in cation site occupancy with the high-entropy spinel being nearly fully normal. Densification behavior was investigated and showed that fully dense ceramics could be produced by hot pressing at temperatures as low as 1375°C for all compositions. Vickers' hardness values were at least 10 GPa for all compositions. The …

Effects Of Flexibility In Coarse-Grained Models For Bovine Serum Albumin And Immunoglobulin G, Frank Hirschmann, Hender Lopez, Felix Roosen-Runge, Tilo Seydel, Frank Schreiber, Martin Oettel

Articles

We construct a coarse-grained, structure-based, low-resolution, 6-bead flexible model of bovine serum albumin (BSA, PDB: 4F5S), which is a popular example of a globular protein in biophysical research. The model is obtained via direct Boltzmann inversion using all-atom simulations of a single molecule, and its particular form is selected from a large pool of 6-bead coarse-grained models using two suitable metrics that quantify the agreement in the distribution of collective coordinates between all-atom and coarse-grained Brownian dynamics simulations of solutions in the dilute limit. For immunoglobulin G (IgG), a similar structure-based 12-bead model has been introduced in the literature [Chaudhri …

Urgenda Vs. Juliana: Lessons For Future Climate Change Litigation Cases, Paolo Davide Farah, Imad Antoine Ibrahim

Articles

No abstract provided.

Explicit Rule Learning: A Cognitive Tutorial Method To Train Users Of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Systems, Anne Linja

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Today’s intelligent software systems, such as Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning systems, are sophisticated, complicated, sometimes complex systems. In order to effectively interact with these systems, novice users need to have a certain level of understanding. An awareness of a system’s underlying principles, rationale, logic, and goals can enhance the synergistic human-machine interaction. It also benefits the user to know when they can trust the systems’ output, and to discern boundary conditions that might change the output. The purpose of this research is to empirically test the viability of a Cognitive Tutorial approach, called Explicit Rule Learning. Several approaches have been used …

Friends Of Acadia Intern, Jacob Haertel

College of the Environment Internship Reports

Completing numerous different projects and living in a national
park allowed me to gain a deeper understanding of how different environmental non-profits
operate, as well as the National Park Service. Not only did I have administrative duties that
involved researching other organizations, organizing and archiving project files, and researching
former state bills, but I got to experience different field trips to other non-profits who work in the
area around Acadia, attend many different organizational meetings, and go to different sorts of
events. All of this while being within walking distance of the park itself allowed my
understanding of the conservation …

City Of Bellingham Parks Volunteer Program Internship, Jordan Ng

College of the Environment Internship Reports

The Parks Volunteer Program (PVP) operates within Parks and Recreation and is a public-facing municipal program that engages community members in environmental restoration and education. Throughout the year, regularly scheduled work parties are held, many of which are in partnership with other local environmental groups. Frequent community partners include the Nooksack Salmon Enhancement Association (NSEA), Whatcom Million Trees Project (WMTP), and LEAD, an environmental restoration program

Taylor Shellfish Farms + Sakari Farms, Rosalie Potvin

College of the Environment Internship Reports

I would work up to 6 days a week during the low tide to harvest, plant, and transplant clams and oysters. My time at Taylor Shellfish Farms introduced me to a sustainable form aquaculture as I split my time between Clam and Oyster Crews.

Septic Designer In Training, Gabriel Mcguire

College of the Environment Internship Reports

The objectives of this role consisted of two main components: fieldwork, and
design work. The fieldwork included collecting data to design a septic system or evaluate the site given the parameters of the project. Soil quality, critical areas, setbacks from existing utilities, and available space were all important parameters to consider.

Washington Conservation Corps Intern, Suzanne Krasle

College of the Environment Internship Reports

WCC is an AmeriCorps program under the Department of Ecology for Washington State. Opportunities for service through WCC include working on a trail, spike, or restoration crew, or as an individual placement. I worked on a restoration crew. Restoration crews focus on native planting, invasive species removal and mitigation, and implementation of erosion control techniques. My crew consisted of six WCC crew members including me and our supervisor, and we worked alongside our sponsor the Skagit River System Coop (SRSC).

Washington Conservaton Corps Intern, Suzanne Krasle

College of the Environment Internship Reports

Restoration crews focus on native planting, invasive species removal and mitigation, and implementation of erosion control techniques. My crew consisted of six WCC crew members including me and our supervisor, and we worked alongside our sponsor the Skagit River System Coop (SRSC). Since January, we completed planting projects along with some brush-cutting of Himalayan blackberry. In addition to working on the restoration projects, my role within WCC was to document our crew’s daily work including site conditions and the number of trees planted.

Skagit Land Trust Steward Internship, Ian Anderson

College of the Environment Internship Reports

The core task of this internship was to participate in volunteer work parties. One of the ways that Skagit Land Trust works to conserve the plots of land they manage is with volunteer work parties, where volunteers sign up to come out and work on improving some aspects of the Trust’s properties. My role in this was to assist the stewardship coordinators in setting up the work parties and participating in the work parties themselves. This mostly consisted of landscaping work such as weed whacking, trail clearing, invasive species removal, data collection, and tree planting.

Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement Sustainable Farm Education Intern, Sean Anderson

College of the Environment Internship Reports

Hood Canal Salmon Enhancement Group (HCSEG) is a nonprofit organization that seeks to ensure the healthy recovery of salmon in the Hood Canal watershed, and through restoration, education, and research they aim to achieve this goal. Based at the Salmon Center in Belfair, I interned on the farm there aptly named Farm at Water’s Edge. They’re a certified organic farm meaning they don’t use any herbicides, pesticides, or chemical fertilizer where runoff can be avoided to not affect the salmon, it’s a fantastic demonstration of sustainable farming practices.

Compost Manufacturing Alliance Data Eval And Testing Intern, Emma Anderson

College of the Environment Internship Reports

My role at CMA was multifaceted. One half of my work consisted of fieldwork, and the other half was working on recertifications and learning the operations of the company. Towards the end, my boss and I attempted to solve, or help solve, an issue about on-campus composting that was brought to my attention but had limited luck with contacting the composter and the managers of Aramark who source food ware materials.

Lead Program Intern, Eva Araujo

College of the Environment Internship Reports

When I interviewed, Ava and Brandon introduced me to the Miyawaki Method. Their idea was to finish the invasive species removal of a severely overgrown site to the north of campus, and to replant it with an afforestation method which hasn’t yet been used in many places in the United States. It was developed by a Japanese botanist, Dr. Akira Miyawaki. The Miyawaki Method seeks to build a mini-forest, representative of what climatic forests of the natural environment would be like. To start, you build a list of the species which are typically found in an undisturbed forest. Then, you …

Nw Straits Foundation Rain Garden Intern, Margeaux Bailey

College of the Environment Internship Reports

The goal of the project was to not only create a green space within the bus loop where children are dropped off and picked up but to build a storm water filtration system to improve storm water quality before it enters streams and it’s final destination, the Salish Sea.This rain garden also provides continuous learning opportunities for the students at Mt. Erie Elementary School to gain knowledge about stormwater management practices and the opportunity to be environmental stewards. The Mt. Erie rain garden contains a variety of 130 plants including native species and benefits the Salish Sea through filtering up …