Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Nasa Student Launch - Payload, Eli Kirk

All Undergraduate Projects

A team of mechanical engineering, physics, and computer science students from Central Washington University have constructed a fully functional subscale model rocket to be flown at the NASA Student Launch competition. The rocket’s payload was designed to open the nose cone and take a photo of the rocket’s surroundings after descending from the launch. Smaller parts were constructed through machining and 3D printing that will be added to the purchased major component, the linear actuator, in order to perform the required tasks. These tasks are signaled by an attached electronics board, which will receive an RF command remotely, execute code, …

Ai Usage In Development, Security, And Operations, Maurice Ayidiya

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a growing field in information technology (IT). Cybersecurity managers are concerned that the lack of strategies to incorporate AI technologies in developing secure software for IT operations may inhibit the effectiveness of security risk mitigation. Grounded in the technology acceptance model, the purpose of this qualitative exploratory multiple case study was to explore strategies cybersecurity professionals use to incorporate AI technologies in developing secure software for IT operations. The participants were 10 IT professionals in the United States with at least 5 years of professional experience working in DevSecOps and managing teams of at least …

Strategies For Proper Security Practices In Small Financial Institutions, Adam Leffell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Financial institutions remain high targets for threat actors because of potentially lucrativefinancial gains from security breaches. Information technology (IT) security professionals in financial institutions are concerned about weak security strategies that could lead to security breaches. Grounded in the technology acceptance model (TAM), the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies IT security professionals use to implement proper security practices to prevent security breaches. The participants were three IT security professionals from three different financial institutions that oversee the implementation of security policies and procedures. Data collection involved conducting semi-structured interviews and public documents. Through thematic …

$\Ast$-Semiclean Rings, Shefali Gupta, Dinesh Udar

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

A ring $R$ is called semiclean if every element of $R$ can be expressed as sum of a periodic element and a unit. In this paper, we introduce a new class of ring, which is the $\ast$-version of the semiclean ring, i.e. the $\ast$-semiclean ring. A $\ast$-ring is $\ast$-semiclean if each element is a sum of a $\ast$-periodic element and a unit. The term $\ast$-semiclean is a stronger notion than semiclean. In this paper, many properties of $\ast$-semiclean rings are discussed. It is proved that if $p \in P(R)$ such that $pRp$ and $(1-p)R(1-p)$ are $\ast$-semiclean rings, then $R$ is …

Effect Of Fractional Analysis On Some Special Curves, Aykut Has, Beyhan Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this study, the effect of fractional derivatives, whose application area is increasing day by day, on curves is investigated. As it is known, there are not many studies on a geometric interpretation of fractional calculus. When examining the effect of fractional analysis on a curve, the Caputo fractional analysis that fits the algebraic structure of differential geometry is used. This is because the Caputo fractional derivative of the constant function is zero. This is an important advantage and allows a variety of fractional physical problems to be based on a geometric basis. This effect is examined with the help …

An Inverse Problem Of Finding A Time-Dependent Coefficient In A Fractional Diffusion Equation, Durdimurod Durdiev, Dilshod Durdiev

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

This article is concerned with the study of unique solvability of an inverse coefficient problem of determining the coefficient at the lower term of a fractional diffusion equation. The direct problem is the initial-boundary problem for this equation with usual initial and homogeneous Dirichlet conditions. To determine the unknown coefficient, an overdetermination condition is given as the Neumann condition at the left end of the spatial interval. The theorems of existence and uniqueness of inverse problem solution are obtained. Furthermore, we propose a numerical algorithm based on a finite-difference scheme to accurately compute the inverse problem of simultaneously determining a …

A Note On Half Of Some Med Semigroups Of Maximal Or Almost Maximal Length, Ahmet Çeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this study, we have shown that numerical semigroups $M=<3,C+1,C+2>$ and $M=<3,C,C+2>$ have maximal or almost maximal length, with conductor $C$, where $C\equiv0(3)$ and $C\equiv2(3),$ respectively. We also examined whether half of these numerical semigroups were of maximal or almost maximal length.

On The Frobenius Norm Of Commutator Of Cauchy-Toeplitz Matrix And Exchange Matrix, Süleyman Solak, Mustafa Bahşi̇

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Matrix commutator and anticommutator play an important role in mathematics, mathematical physic, and quantum physic. The commutator and anticommutator of two $n\times n$ complex matrices $A$ and $B$ are defined by $\left[ A,B% \right] =AB-BA$ and $\left( A,B\right) =AB+BA$, respectively. Cauchy-Toeplitz matrix and exchange matrix are two of the special matrices and they have excellent properties. In this study, we mainly focus on Frobenius norm of the commutator of Cauchy-Toeplitz matrix and exchange matrix. Moreover, we give upper and lower bounds for the Frobenius norm of the commutator of Cauchy-Toeplitz matrix and exchange matrix.

What Can Lattices Do For Hypersemigroups?, Niovi Kehayopulu

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

This is from Birkhoff, the "father of lattice theory" in Trends in Lattice Theory. Van Nostrand 1970: "Lattices can do things for you, no matter what kind of mathematician you are!". The aim of this paper is to show that the $le$-semigroups (lattice ordered semigroups possessing a greatest element) play the main role in studying the ordered hypersemigroups. From many results on lattice ordered semigroups corresponding results on ordered semigroups can be obtained. The converse is also possible but the beauty and simplicity of "order" makes it easier to investigate the lattice ordered semigroup at first. After getting the results …

Thinking Local With Original Data In Ai And Machine Learning Research, David G. Taylor, Robert Mccloud

WCBT Working Papers

Sacred Heart University spent significant funds to establish an AI lab. Initially there is no ongoing research and no real plan for a research agenda. This paper details how the Jack Welch College of Business and Technology created and implemented an active meaningful research plan. It involves two key elements: thinking local and using business connections to foster active, impactful research. Surrounding communities, business connections, area environment, and other Sacred Heart University departments all played a part. The research plan also identifies a specific issue in working with local and business contact sources: the AI researcher almost never gets data …

Joint Probability Analysis Of Extreme Precipitation And Water Level For Chicago, Illinois, Anna Li Holey

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

A compound flooding event occurs when there is a combination of two or more extreme factors that happen simultaneously or in quick succession and can lead to flooding. In the Great Lakes region, it is common for a compound flooding event to occur with a high lake water level and heavy rainfall. With the potential of increasing water levels and an increase in precipitation under climate change, the Great Lakes coastal regions could be at risk for more frequent and severe flooding. The City of Chicago which is located on Lake Michigan has a high population and dense infrastructure and …

On The Gaussian-Core Vortex Lattice Model For The Analysis Of Wind Farm Flow Dynamics, Apurva Baruah

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Wind power science has seen tremendous development and growth over the last 40 years. Advancements in design, manufacturing, installation, and operation of wind turbines have enabled the commercial deployment of wind power generation systems. These have been due, in a large part, to the expertise in the simulation and modeling of individual wind turbines. The new generation of wind energy systems calls for a need to accurately predict and model the entire wind farm, and not just individual turbines. The commercial deployment of these wind farms depends on model's ability to accurately capture the different physics involved, each at its …

Changing Blow Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Populations In Orlando, Florida, United States, Amanda Roe, Russell J. Barnes, Leon G. Higley, Neal H. Haskell

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were collected from various carrion baits in Orlando, Florida over 2 periods: Jun 2009 to Sep 2009 and Apr 2010 to Oct 2010. In a previous study conducted from 2002 to 2004 the dominant blow fly in Orlando, Florida, was Lucilia coeruleiviridis Macquart (Gruner et al. 2007). This collection documents a shift to Chrysomya megacephala Fabricius, as the most dominant blow fly species found in Orlando, Florida in 2009 to 2010. These field results have potential forensic implications, particularly in the analysis of cold cases.

Differentially Private Stochastic Convex Optimization In (Non)-Euclidean Space Revisited, Jinyan Su, Changhong Zhao, Di Wang

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

In this paper, we revisit the problem of Differentially Private Stochastic Convex Optimization (DP-SCO) in Euclidean and general `dp spaces. Specifically, we focus on three settings that are still far from well understood: (1) DP-SCO over a constrained and bounded (convex) set in Euclidean space; (2) unconstrained DP-SCO in `dp space; (3) DP-SCO with heavy-tailed data over a constrained and bounded set in `dp space. For problem (1), for both convex and strongly convex loss functions, we propose methods whose outputs could achieve (expected) excess population risks that are only dependent on the Gaussian width of the constraint set, rather …

Part 5: A Colorful Approach To Knot Theory (Or: “How Happy I Could Be With Ether”), Daniel Silver

A Five-Minute History of Knot Theory

Ralph Fox’s p-colorings offer the simplest yet effective invariants of knots. This exposition, based on the 2020 Lewis-Parker Lecture delivered by the author, introduces the method of knot coloring as well as some historical background.

Part 4: Ralph Fox - Topologist, Daniel Silver

A Five-Minute History of Knot Theory

This is a rare photograph of topologist Ralph Fox given to Dr. Daniel Silver by his friend and collaborator, Wilbur (Red) Whitten. Fox was a pioneer and tireless promoter of knot theory. An edited version of the photograph appears in Milnor, John Willard. The fundamental group. Vol. 2. Publish or Perish, 1995. Ralph Fox's signature can be seen in the upper right corner of the photograph.

Utilization Of Academic Support Services Among Undergraduate Students Enrolled In A Workload Mathematics Course, Online Or In-Person, Jennifer Healey

Master of Science in Mathematics

This research study examined the utilization of academic support resources, students’ sense of belonging, and achievement levels in online and in-person sections of a workload mathematics course at UC Davis. The findings indicate that there were no significant differences in the utilization of support services between the two instructional modalities, suggesting that both modes offered similar opportunities for student engagement and learning. Additionally, no significant differences were found between online and in-person students in their overall sense of belonging at UC Davis and with classmates. However, differences were observed in specific survey questions about meeting classmates outside of class to …

The Connections Between The Use Of Aleks And Ohio State Assessments, Algebra 1 Eoc, Map, Act, And Geometry Eoc., Brandon Freeman

Master of Science in Mathematics

The main focus of this research is to determine the value that the use of ALEKs in an Ohio urban high school has on Ohio State assessments. The features of ALEKs that are looked at are total progress pie completed and number of years ALEKs was used. The Ohio State Assessments that were looked at are MAP, Algebra 1 EOC, Geometry EOC, and ACT. The data was collected from all 7th -12th grades enrolled during the 2022-2023 school year. This research shows that the use of ALEKs at the collegiate level has shown improvements for Mathematics placement and College Algebra …

The Examination Of Text Anxiety, Homework Grade, Exam Grade, And Gender To Deter­Mine Course Success In Masters Students, Jenna Nottle

Master of Science in Mathematics

Anxiety is a feeling that almost every human has felt at some point in their life. Test anxiety is a branch of anxiety. Test anxiety is a combination of physical and motional symptoms that interfere with the ability to perform well on a test. Test anxiety can causes consequences of failure, worry about the exam itself, lack confidence in one’s own ability, and have low self-esteem. Studies have shown negative impact on test anxiety and test scores. A lot of this research done has been at the elementary level through undergraduate level in a students educational journey. However, not much …

Factors Contributing To Students Success On Algebra 1 End-Of Course Exams, Mirranda Glasgow

Master of Science in Mathematics

High school students in the state of Ohio are required to meet or exceed a specific score on several standardized tests in different subjects in addition to meeting coursework requirements to receive a high school diploma. These tests are called end-of-course (EOC) exams. As the name implies, these exams are given at the end of a required high school course and are based on the state standards for that course. Although these tests are aligned with the standards being used to create the curriculum, many students do not reach the required score when completing the test the first time. This …

Predictors Of Student Success In A Virtual High School Math Program, Terry Barnett

Master of Science in Mathematics

Before the Covid-19 pandemic of 2020, much of the research being done on virtual education was focused on the postsecondary level of instruction. With the Covid-19 pandemic forcing most school districts to offer some form of virtual instruction, the need for research at the secondary level and below had become more apparent, and much research has been done to fill in the gaps of what we know. This research project initially sought to explore the effects of synchronous versus asynchronous instruction, and how that instruction related to student success in a virtual high school mathematics program. As this author gained …

The Impact Of Offering Algebra 1 In Middle School On Student Achievement, Jessica Buran, Laura Deber

Master of Science in Mathematics

A strong background in mathematics can set students up for success in future math classes and STEM careers (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics). There has been a push to offer Algebra 1 earlier to prepare students with a strong foundation in mathematics and to allow students to complete Calculus before leaving high school. However, in a district where block scheduling allows all students to complete Calculus in secondary school, does offering Algebra 1 in middle school still improve academic achievement? The main goal of this study is to see how student achievement is affected when implementing a program where advanced …

Cover Crop Composition In Long-Term No-Till Soils In Semi-Arid Environments Do Not Influence Soil Health Measurements After One Year, Hunter Bielenberg, Jason D. Clark, Debankur Sanyal, Johnathon Wolthuizen, David Karki, Amin Rahhal, Anthony Bly

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Evaluating the influence of grass or broadleaf cover crops on soil health measurements is common in the northern US Midwest. However, the comparison among different cover crop mixtures, including blends of both grass and broadleaf species is limited. In 2018–2020, cover crop experiments were conducted in South Dakota at 11 site-years. Cover crops were planted in the summer after small grains harvest as mixtures of dominantly grasses or broadleaves, a 50/50 grass/broadleaf mixture, and a no cover crop control. Soil and above-ground plant residue samples were collected in the fall before winter termination and in the spring before corn planting. …

Daily Synoptic-Scale Influences On Weather-Dependent Renewable Energy Supply And Demand In Hypothetical Fully Electrified North American Interconnections, Howard Tang

Master's Theses

Energy grids around the world are becoming increasingly penetrated by renewable energy sources, resulting in progressively variable energy generation. This study aims to provide a fundamental basis for observing atmospheric conditions in relation to weather-dependent renewable energy supply, where daily synoptic-scale influences are considered in hypothetical fully electrified North American interconnections. Three renewable energy types – 100% wind energy, 100% solar energy, and a 50-50 split of wind and solar energy – are scaled to meet weather-driven energy demand on average in three interconnections, namely the Western Interconnection, the Eastern Interconnection, and a hypothetical combined interconnection composed of the Western, …

Structure, Construction, And Emplacement Of The Northern Margin Of The Late Cretaceous Sonora Pass Intrusive Suite: North-Central Sierra Nevada Batholith, California, Victoria A. Arnold

Master's Theses

Of the four voluminous, normally zoned Late Cretaceous intrusive suites of the Sierra Nevada batholith, the >1,000 km², ~96-88 Ma Sonora Pass intrusive suite is the oldest, northernmost, and least studied. It contains the marginal, equigranular Kinney Lakes hornblende-biotite granodiorite and the inner, porphyritic Topaz Lake biotite granodiorite. From this research, the Lake Alpine granodiorite is now considered the outermost part of the Sonora Pass intrusive suite. The suite intruded Early Cretaceous plutons and metasedimentary rocks. The Kinney Lakes and Lake Alpine granodiorites were constructed by multiple phases, as were the plutonic host rocks. The granodiorites are marked by schlieren …

Spatiotemporal Dynamics And Biogeochemical Responses In A Tidally Restricted Moro Cojo Slough, Ryan Chiu

Master's Theses

Four years of observational data for Moro Cojo Slough (MCS), a Mediterranean climate estuary in central California, linked anthropogenic nutrient loading and hydrological modifications to a shift in net ecosystem metabolism (NEM) that differs from the characteristic net heterotrophic behavior of most estuarine systems. A lack of precipitation and limited flushing during the dry seasons, as evidenced from hypersaline waters, contribute to high ecosystem respiration rates that drove NEM to nearly balanced or net autotrophic. During the wet seasons, increased runoff and nutrient loading due to precipitation elevated primary production rates within MCS, characterizing the system as net autotrophic. Box …

Evaluating The Effect Of Resveratrol On Sirt1 With Different Peptide Substrates, Yujin Hur

Master's Theses

SIRT1 is an NAD+-dependent lysine deacetylase that is involved in many important cellular pathways. The protein has an extended N-terminal domain that seems to play a role in regulating its activity. Sirtuin Activating Compounds (STACs) are allosteric activators, such as resveratrol, that regulate the activity of SIRT1. STACs bind to the N-terminal STAC Binding Domain (SBD) in SIRT1. Past literature has found that SIRT1 activity can be increased, decreased, or remain unchanged by resveratrol depending on the identity of the peptide substrate. The goal of this study is to clarify the mechanism for substrate-specific allosteric regulation by resveratrol. The interactions …

Early Detection Of Sars-Cov-2 Variants Through Dynamic Co-Mutation Network Surveillance, Paul W. Bible, Qiang Huang, Huining Qiu, Yong Huang, Fangfang Zheng, Jing Gu, Jian Sun, Yuantao Hao, Yu Liu

Computer Science Faculty publications

Background: Precise public health and clinical interventions for the COVID-19 pandemic has spurred a global rush on SARS-CoV-2 variant tracking, but current approaches to variant tracking are challenged by the flood of viral genome sequences leading to a loss of timeliness, accuracy, and reliability. Here, we devised a new co-mutation network framework, aiming to tackle these difficulties in variant surveillance.

Methods: To avoid simultaneous input and modeling of the whole large-scale data, we dynamically investigate the nucleotide covarying pattern of weekly sequences. The community detection algorithm is applied to a co-occurring genomic alteration network constructed from mutation corpora of weekly …

A Chromosome-Scale Genome Sequence Of Sudangrass (Sorghum Sudanense) Highlights The Genome Evolution And Regulation Of Dhurrin Biosynthesis, Paul W. Bible, Jieqin Li, Wenmiao Tu, Jian Zheng, Peng Jin, Yanlong Liu, Junli Du, Jiacheng Zheng, Yi-Hong Wang, Qiuwen Zhan

Computer Science Faculty publications

Sudangrass [ Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf] is a hybrid between grain sorghum and its wild relative S. bicolor ssp. verticilliflorum and is grown as a forage crop due to its high biomass production and low dhurrin content compared to sorghum. In this study, we sequenced the sudangrass genome and showed that the assembled genome was 715.95 Mb with 35,243 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis with whole genome proteomes demonstrated that the sudangrass genome was more similar to US commercial sorghums than to its wild relatives and cultivated sorghums from Africa. We confirmed that at seedling stage, sudangrass accessions contained significantly lower …

University Of South Dakota 2023 Aashe Stars Assessment Report, Meghann Elizabeth Jarchow

Sustainability & Environment Projects

No abstract provided.