Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Applications Of Transfer Learning From Malicious To Vulnerable Binaries, Sean Patrick Mcnulty

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Malware detection and vulnerability detection are important cybersecurity tasks. Previous research has successfully applied a variety of machine learning methods to both. However, despite their potential synergies, previous research has yet to unite these two tasks. Given the recent success of transfer learning in many domains, such as language modeling and image recognition, this thesis investigated the use of transfer learning to improve vulnerability detection. Specifically, we pre-trained a series of models to detect malicious binaries and used the weights from those models to kickstart the detection of vulnerable binaries. In our study, we also investigated five different data representations …

Application Of Rule Learner Classifier For Studying Bioethanol Fuelled Spark Ignition Engine Out Emissions And Classification, D Y Dhande Mr., D P Gaikwad Mr, C S Choudhari

ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development

In this paper, preparation of ethanol from waste pomegranate fruit using fermentation and distillation method have discussed. The spark ignition engine out emissions were tested at various operating speeds using four different ethanol blends. Experimental results showed that the ethanol mixing in pure Gasoline increases quality of engine out emissions except Nitrogen Oxides. The 15% ethanol blend and 1500 rpm engine speed were found as optimal input values providing enhanced performance. Based on the experimental results, training datasets were prepared in which emission characteristics of engine were mapped with engine speed and ethanol combination with petrol. These datasets are used …

Probabilistic Solutions Of Fractional Differential And Partial Differential Equations And Their Monte Carlo Simulations, Tamer Oraby, Erwin Suazo, Harrinson Arrubla

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The work in this paper is four-fold. Firstly, we introduce an alternative approach to solve fractional ordinary differential equations as an expected value of a random time process. Using the latter, we present an interesting numerical approach based on Monte Carlo integration to simulate solutions of fractional ordinary and partial differential equations. Thirdly, we show that this approach allows us to find the fundamental solutions for fractional partial differential equations (PDEs), in which the fractional derivative in time is in the Caputo sense and the fractional in space one is in the Riesz–Feller sense. Lastly, using Riccati equation, we …

Long-Time Asymptotics Of A Complex Cubic Camassa-Holm Equation, Hongyi Zhang, Yufeng Zhang, Zhijun Qiao

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

n this paper, we study the Cauchy problem of the following complex cubic Camassa-Holm (ccCH) equation mt=bux+12[m(|u|2−|ux|2)]x−12m(uu¯x−uxu¯),m=u−uxx,

where b is an arbitrary real constant. %By applying ∂¯-steepest descent method, l Long-time asymptotics of the equation is obtained through the ∂¯-steepest descent method. Firstly, based on the spectral analysis of the Lax pair and scattering matrix, the solution of the equation is able to be constructed %can be expressed by %the solution of via solving the corresponding Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP). Then, we present %obtain different long time asymptotic expansions of the solution u(y,t) in different space-time solitonic regions of ξ=y/t. The …

Classification On Boundary-Equilibria And Singular Continuums Of Continuous Piecewise Linear Systems, Hebai Chen, Zhaosheng Feng, Hao Yang, Linfeng Zhou

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, we show that any switching hypersurface of n -dimensional continuous piecewise linear systems is an (n−1) -dimensional hyperplane. For two-dimensional continuous piecewise linear systems, we present local phase portraits and indices near the boundary equilibria (i.e. equilibria at the switching line) and singular continuum (i.e. continuum of nonisolated equilibria) between two parallel switching lines. The index of singular continuum is defined. Then we show that boundary-equilibria and singular continuums can appear with many parallel switching lines.

Circle Actions On Oriented 4-Manifolds, Donghoon Jang, Oleg R. Musin

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the present paper, we consider an action of the circle group on a compact oriented 4-manifold. We derive the Atiyah-Hirzebruch formula for the manifold, and associate a graph in terms of data on the fixed point set. We show in the case of isolated fixed points that if an abstract graph satisfies the Atiyah-Hirzebruch formula, then there exists a corresponding 4-dimensional oriented S1-manifold.

Rogue Peakon, Well-Posedness, Ill-Posedness And Blow-Up Phenomenon For An Integrable Camassa-Holm Type Equation, Mingxuan Zhu, Zhenteng Zeng, Zaihong Jiang, Baoqiang Xia, Zhijun Qiao

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this paper, we study an integrable Camassa-Holm (CH) type equation with quadratic nonlinearity. The CH type equation is shown integrable through a Lax pair, and particularly the equation is found to possess a new kind of peaked soliton (peakon) solution - called {\sf rogue peakon}, that is given in a rational form with some logarithmic function, but not a regular traveling wave. We also provide multi-rogue peakon solutions. Furthermore, we discuss the local well-posedness of the solution in the Besov space Bsp,r with 1≤p,r≤∞ , s>max{1+1/p,3/2} or B3/22,1 , and then prove the ill-posedness of the solution in …

An Equivalence Checking Framework For Agile Hardware Design, Yanzhao Wang, Fei Xie, Zhenkun Yang, Pascuale Cocchini, Jin Yang

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Agile hardware design enables designers to produce new design iterations efficiently. Equivalence checking is critical in ensuring that a new design iteration conforms to its specification. In this paper, we introduce an equivalence checking framework for hardware designs represented in HalideIR. HalideIR is a popular intermediate representation in software domains such as deep learning and image processing, and it is increasingly utilized in agile hardware design.We have developed a fully automatic equivalence checking workflow seamlessly integrated with HalideIR and several optimizations that leverage the incremental nature of agile hardware design to scale equivalence checking. Evaluations of two deep learning accelerator …

Establishing The Legal Framework To Regulate Quantum Computing Technology, Kaya Derose

Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Drivers Of Legacy Phosphorus Loading And Distribution In Shallow Eutrophic Lake Sediments And The Impacts Of Intervention, Ashton P. Kirol

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

The eutrophication of freshwater lakes from excessive nutrient runoff leads to decreased water quality and worsening cyanobacteria blooms. Water quality improvements in shallow eutrophic lakes can be delayed by decades due to the seasonal recycling of legacy phosphorus (P) enriched lake sediments, even when external nutrient loads are addressed. It is critical to understand the drivers of internal P loading to suppress this source of P through intervention to meet water quality goals. This study contrasts two shallow eutrophic systems, Lake Carmi and Missisquoi Bay in Lake Champlain, impacted by legacy P loading driven by the occurrence of low dissolved …

Imaginaries Of The Great Outdoors: Comparing Facebook Postings Across Resource Places, Frances Hoag

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Communication across agencies, interested audiences, and the public is central to resource management. While social media expands agencies’ communication options, it also may present opportunities for constructing and presenting “imaginaries” – collectively imagined discourses that that shape understandings of place and influence the world views of followers. Imaginaries are “socially constructed, taken-for-granted meanings about reality that make everyday social and cultural practices seem obvious and sensible to people” (Stokowski et al., 2021). Extending prior research, we sought to understand whether/how resource management agencies used social media to construct and deploy imaginaries. Data were collected during 2021-2022 from resource management agencies …

In-Situ Weathering Of Calcium Bearing Minerals In Forested Ecosystems, Victoria Treto

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Timber harvests in the northeastern United States are integral to its economy but shifts in land management, biotic stresses, and nutrient limitations are diminishing forest productivity levels. The effects of harvesting severity and repeated harvests result in net losses of base cation nutrients which decreases woody biomass, potentially as much as 20%. Calcium (Ca) serves to regulate critical processes linked to tree growth and ecosystem health, but it is the quickest depleting base cation from northeastern forest soils. As a result, the quantification of nutrient-bearing minerals in forest soils is fundamental in predicting long-term sustainability of wood production. Further, the …

Understanding The Connections Between Cross-Sector Collaboration And Service Delivery For Charitable Organizations Using Mixed Methods, Kristin Elizabeth Darby

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Two of the most pressing challenges in the world today are food and water access. Charitable organizations frequently use cross-sector collaboration to address food and water access. Cross-sector collaboration is grounded in knowledge, relationships, communication, action, and trust, which cultivate innovation and resilience. However, very few studies have discussed the connections between collaboration, service delivery, and perceptions. Using a convergent design of mixed methods, this thesis examined how cross-sector collaboration enhances service delivery and resilience in charitable organizations. Specifically, the project is guided by three research questions: (1) What communication practices support effective cross-sector collaborations for impactful service delivery for …

Performance Of A Low-Reynolds Discrete Swirl Injection Method Under A Range Of Design Parameters, Owen Brandriss

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

In recent years, the industry of small-satellite technology has experienced massive growth. In 2020, the value of the global smallsat market was valued at $3.2 billion, and is projected to reach $13.7 billion by 2030, with thousands of successful smallsat launches already completed as of 2022. While these satellites are typically inserted into orbit via rideshare on large rockets, maneuvers such as attitude correction, station-keeping, and deorbiting of these sattelites - which often have masses under 10kg - requires the development of very small propulsion systems, with thrust levels as low as individual micro-Newtons. These propulsion systems often use hypergolic …

Group-Level Frameworks For Data Ethics, Privacy, Safety And Security In Digital Environments, Juniper Lovato

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

In today's digital age, the widespread collection, utilization, and sharing of personal data are challenging our conventional beliefs about privacy and information security. This thesis will explore the boundaries of conventional privacy and security frameworks and investigate new methods to handle online privacy by integrating groups. Additionally, we will examine approaches to monitoring the types of information gathered on individuals to tackle transparency concerns in the data broker and data processor sector. We aim to challenge traditional notions of privacy and security to encourage innovative strategies for safeguarding them in our interconnected, dispersed digital environment.

This thesis uses a multi-disciplinary …

On The Construction Of More Lifelike Devices, Shawn Lawrence Beaulieu

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Devices which blur the distinction between the living and the inanimate are being reported with heightened frequency. But what forms of organization, and what modes of internal change and worldly interaction, are required for truly lifelike devices, rather than ones which abstractly mimic life in simulation? This thesis presents results from two publications which attempt to mitigate a problem known to limit the performance of artificial neural networks, called ``catastrophic forgetting"; and a third paper which tries to articulate a vision for the construction of more lifelike devices—whose form, function, and putative environment are not conclusively specified prior to their …

The Role Of Preprocessing For Word Representation Learning In Affective Tasks, Nastaran Babanejad, Heidar Davoudi, Ameeta Agrawal, Manos Papagelis

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Affective tasks, including sentiment analysis, emotion classification, and sarcasm detection have drawn a lot of attention in recent years due to a broad range of useful applications in various domains. The main goal of affect detection tasks is to recognize states such as mood, sentiment, and emotions from textual data (e.g., news articles or product reviews). Despite the importance of utilizing preprocessing steps in different stages (i.e., word representation learning and building a classification model) of affect detection tasks, this topic has not been studied well. To that end, we explore whether applying various preprocessing methods (stemming, lemmatization, stopword removal, …

An Improved Lower Bound For Sparse Reconstruction From Subsampled Walsh Matrices, Jaroslaw Blasiok, Patrick Lopatto, Kyle Luh, Jake Marcinek, Shravas Rao

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

We give a short argument that yields a new lower bound on the number of uniformly and independently subsampled rows from a bounded, orthonormal matrix necessary to form a matrix with the restricted isometry property. We show that a matrix formed by uniformly and independently subsampling rows of an N ×N Walsh matrix contains a K-sparse vector in the kernel, unless the number of subsampled rows is Ω(KlogKlog(N/K)) — our lower bound applies whenever min(K,N/K) > logC N. Containing a sparse vector in the kernel precludes not only the restricted isometry property, but more generally the application of those matrices for …

Adapted Metrics For A Modified Coulomb/Newton’S Potential, Lucian M. Ionescu, Cristina-Liliana Pripoae, Gabriel-Teodor Pripoae

Faculty Publications – Mathematics

Modified Theories of Gravity include spin dependence in General Relativity, to account for additional sources of gravity instead of dark matter/energy approach. The spin-spin interaction is already included in the effective nuclear force potential, and theoretical considerations and experimental evidence hint to the hypothesis that Gravity originates from such an interaction, under an averaging process over spin directions. This invites to continue the line of theory initiated by Einstein and Cartan, based on tetrads and spin effects modeled by connections with torsion. As a first step in this direction, the article considers a new modified Coulomb/Newton Law accounting for the …

Phosphorus Release And Recovery From Simulated Ferric Wastewater Sludge, Aseel Alnimer

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Phosphorus (P) is a fundamental element necessary for all life forms and a key component in the fertilizer industry. Meanwhile, the excessive load of P to water bodies due to human activities has the potential to promote eutrophication. Wastewater treatment plants remove P either biologically or chemically and produce P rich sludge which could be a potential renewable source for P. At present, commercial technologies exist for P recovery from biological wastewater sludge. However, P recovery from chemical sludge particularly iron(III)-phosphate (Fe-P) sludge generated in chemical P removal plants that use iron(III) salts remains a challenge.

This study explored, in …

Center For Coastal Resources Management Annual Report 2022, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Reports

No abstract provided.

Over A Half Century Of Connecting Science And Management For Virginia’S Tidal Wetlands At The Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

Rivers & Coast is a periodic publication of the Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The goal of Rivers & Coast is to keep readers well informed of current scientific understanding behind key environmental issues related to watershed rivers and coastal ecosystems of the Chesapeake Bay.

Ecological Monitoring Program At Vims Esl: Annual Report 2022, Paige G. Ross, Richard A. Snyder

Reports

An Ecological Monitoring Program (EMP) has been established at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory (VIMS ESL) for the coastal environment near the Wachapreague lab. The goals of the initiative are to 1) provide status and trends information to scientists who study and regulators who manage Virginia’s marine resources, 2) provide a scientific context for short-term research and grant proposals 3) provide pedagogical enrichment for educators to use in their classes, and 4) build capacity in staff expertise and training of interns and students at VIMS ESL.

The program formalizes and standardizes data collection for a long-term …

Captain Sinclair's Recreational Area Living Shoreline And Oyster Restoration, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr.

Reports

Presentation report on Captain Sinclair's Recreational Area Living Shoreline and Oyster Restoration project.

Project awarded 2023 ASBPA Best Restored Shore award

Contextual Path Retrieval: A Contextual Entity Relation Embedding-Based Approach, Pei-Chi Lo, Ee-Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Contextual path retrieval (CPR) refers to the task of finding contextual path(s) between a pair of entities in a knowledge graph that explains the connection between them in a given context. For this novel retrieval task, we propose the Embedding-based Contextual Path Retrieval (ECPR) framework. ECPR is based on a three-component structure that includes a context encoder and path encoder that encode query context and path, respectively, and a path ranker that assigns a ranking score to each candidate path to determine the one that should be the contextual path. For context encoding, we propose two novel context encoding methods, …

Verifytl: Secure And Verifiable Collaborative Transfer Learning, Zhuoran Ma, Jianfeng Ma, Yinbin Miao, Ximeng Liu, Wei Zheng, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Getting access to labeled datasets in certain sensitive application domains can be challenging. Hence, one may resort to transfer learning to transfer knowledge learned from a source domain with sufficient labeled data to a target domain with limited labeled data. However, most existing transfer learning techniques only focus on one-way transfer which may not benefit the source domain. In addition, there is the risk of a malicious adversary corrupting a number of domains, which can consequently result in inaccurate prediction or privacy leakage. In this paper, we construct a secure and Verif iable collaborative T ransfer L earning scheme, VerifyTL, …

Crowdfa: A Privacy-Preserving Mobile Crowdsensing Paradigm Via Federated Analytics, Bowen Zhao, Xiaoguo Li, Ximeng Liu, Qingqi Pei, Yingjiu Li, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Mobile crowdsensing (MCS) systems typically struggle to address the challenge of data aggregation, incentive design, and privacy protection, simultaneously. However, existing solutions usually focus on one or, at most, two of these issues. To this end, this paper presents CROWD FA, a novel paradigm for privacy-preserving MCS through federated analytics (FA), which aims to achieve a well-rounded solution encompassing data aggregation, incentive design, and privacy protection. Specifically, inspired by FA, CROWD FA initiates an MCS computing paradigm that enables data aggregation and incentive design. Participants can perform aggregation operations on their local data, facilitated by CROWD FA, which supports various …

Intelligent Adaptive Gossip-Based Broadcast Protocol For Uav-Mec Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning, Zen Ren, Xinghua Li, Yinbin Miao, Zhuowen Li, Zihao Wang, Mengyao Zhu, Ximeng Liu, Deng, Robert H.

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

UAV-assisted mobile edge computing (UAV-MEC) has been proposed to offer computing resources for smart devices and user equipment. UAV cluster aided MEC rather than one UAV-aided MEC as edge pool is the newest edge computing architecture. Unfortunately, the data packet exchange during edge computing within the UAV cluster hasn't received enough attention. UAVs need to collaborate for the wide implementation of MEC, relying on the gossip-based broadcast protocol. However, gossip has the problem of long propagation delay, where the forwarding probability and neighbors are two factors that are difficult to balance. The existing works improve gossip from only one factor, …

Your Brain On Meditation: Benefits Of Meditation For Spiritual & Physical Health, Ava Lausch

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Climate Change At Your Fingertips: Adjusting Our Approach To Climate Change, James Lee

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.