Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Emotion-Aware Music Recommendation, Hieu Tran, Tuan Le, Anh Do, Tram Vu, Steven Bogaerts, Brian Howard

Annual Student Research Poster Session

People often listen to songs that match their mood. Thus, an AI music recommendation system that is aware of the user’s emotions is likely to provide a superior user experience to one that is unaware. In this paper, we present an emotion-aware music recommendation system. Multiple models are discussed and evaluated for affect identification from a live image of the user. We propose two models: DRViT, which applies dynamic routing to vision transformers, and InvNet50, which uses involution. All considered models are trained and evaluated on the AffectNet dataset. Each model outputs the user’s estimated valence and arousal under the …

Chemweb: A 2d Molecular Builder Game, Suleman Bashir Baloch, Jeff Hansen Ph.D

Annual Student Research Poster Session

The research is based on the development of a 2D molecular builder game for CHEM 120 students. The game allows students to draw and check their structures for a given formula against a database of possible correct structures. The game consists of 8 levels, each based on drawing the maximum possible isomers from a given chemical formula. It is created as a web-based application on React.js. The project shall allow greater liberty and ease to students in drawing structures. In addition, they shall be able to perform self-check for drawn structures which will significantly minimize the assistance required from instructors …

Distal Exposures Of The Miocene Peach Spring Tuff In The Marble And Ship Mountains, Ca, Kelsang Shrestha, Matthew Loocke, Kenneth Brown

Annual Student Research Poster Session

The Peach Springs Tuff (PST) is a uniquely identifiable ignimbrite deposit formed by a large caldera-forming volcanic eruption during the early Miocene era. Previous investigations (e.g., Miller et al., 1986; Neilson et al., 1990) have suggested that distal ignimbrite deposits located within the Mojave region of southern California belong to the PST eruptive event. To address this hypothesis, this study investigates ignimbrite samples collected from outcrops within the Marble Mountains (n = 6) and Ship Mountains (n = 8) of southern California. Petrographic analysis reveals the abundance of quartz, sanidine, titanite, hornblende, and biotite in most ignimbrite samples. These mineral …

Diagnosing The Present With An Ecotopian Lexicon, Chirag Giri, Adam Liebman

Annual Student Research Poster Session

The book An Ecotopian Lexicon (2019) presents a collection of thirty terms and concepts from speculative fiction, anthropology, and the sociology of subcultures, each explored by a different author. The lexicon intends to address our collective “poverty of imagination” when it comes to avoiding global environmental collapse and building a different world, evidenced by the increasing dominance of apocalyptic narratives in popular culture. Although the book’s primary aim is to explore diverse concepts for imagining better futures, we have analyzed the form and content of the book for what they tell us about the present.

Linking Historical Redlining Maps To Present‐Day Environmental Hazards In St. Louis, Margaret Keller, Kenneth Brown

Annual Student Research Poster Session

Many of America’s cities were mapped by the Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC). This practice led to structurally racist housing policies and practices, namely redlining. The practice of redlining directed both public and private capital to native‐born, white families and away from Black, Latinx, and immigrant families that lived in these areas. While redlining is illegal today due to the Fair Housing Act of 1968, its impact is still evident in the structure of many U.S. cities including St. Louis (Hillier 2015). Today, redlined areas are particularly susceptible to environmental injustices because laws, regulations, governmental programs, and policies inadequately protect …

Sd Prisms 2d & 3d: Visualizing The Standard Deviation, Hieu Nguyen, Tom Nguyen, Mamunur Rashid, Jyotirmoy Sarkar

Annual Student Research Poster Session

SD Prism is a graphical R package used for visualizing the standard deviation of a data set. Given a raw data set, the standard deviation (SD) is defined as the square root of the sample variance. Sarkar and Rashid (2017) interpret the sample SD as the square root of twice the mean square of all pairwise half deviations between any two sample observations. This interpretation leads to a geometric visualization of the sample SD and a more elementary explanation as to why the denominator in the sample variance is one less than the sample size. In this article, we will …

Gender Disparities In Nlsy97: Educational Attainment And Income Level, Ngan Tran, Naima Shifa

Annual Student Research Poster Session

This paper is designed to examine gender differences in education and their impact on education and occupation status, following the research Economic Rationale for Sex Differences in Education conducted by Janice Fanning Madden. Data was collected from the NLSY97 (National Longitudinal Survey) on American youth born between 1980-84. The sample originally included 8,984 respondents when first interviewed in 1997.

Galaxy And Mass Assembly (Gama): Probing Galaxy-Group Correlations In Redshift Space With The Halo Streaming Model, Qianjun Hang, John A. Peacock, Shadab Alam, Yan-Chuan Cai, Katarina Kraljic, Marcel Van Daalen, M Bilicki, Benne Holwerda, J Loveday

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

We have studied the galaxy-group cross-correlations in redshift space for the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) Survey. We use a set of mock GAMA galaxy and group catalogues to develop and test a novel ‘halo streaming’ model for redshift-space distortions. This treats 2-halo correlations via the streaming model, plus an empirical 1-halo term derived from the mocks, allowing accurate modelling into the non-linear regime. In order to probe the robustness of the growth rate inferred from redshift-space distortions, we divide galaxies by colour, and divide groups according to their total stellar mass, calibrated to total mass via gravitational lensing. We …

Effects Of Cropland Abandonment And Afforestation On Soil Redistribution In A Small Mediterranean Mountain Catchment, Makki Khorchani, Leticia Gaspar, Estela Nadal-Romero, Jose Arnaez, Teodoro Lasanta, Ana Navas

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

In slopes of Mediterranean mid-mountain areas, land use and land cover changes linked to the abandonment of cropland activity affect soil quality and degradation and soil redistribution; however, limited attention has been paid to this issue at catchment scale. This paper evaluates the effects of cropland abandonment and post-land abandonment management (through natural revegetation and afforestation) on soil redistribution rates using fallout ¹³⁷Cs measurements in the Araguás catchment (0.45 km² , Central Spanish Pyrenees). A total of 52 soil core samples, distributed in a regular grid, from the first 30 -40 cm and 9 sectioned reference samples were …

The Emergence Of Convergence, Shana M. Sundstrom, David G. Angeler, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Jorge H. Garcıá, Joseph A. Hamm, Orville Huntington, Craig R. Allen

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Science is increasingly a collaborative pursuit. Although the modern scientific enterprise owes much to individuals working at the core of their field, humanity is increasingly confronted by highly complex problems that require the integration of a variety of disciplinary and methodological expertise. In 2016, the U.S. National Science Foundation launched an initiative prioritizing support for convergence research as a means of “solving vexing research problems, in particular, complex problems focusing on societal needs.” We discuss our understanding of the objectives of convergence research and describe in detail the conditions and processes likely to generate successful convergence research. We use our …

Mgrre_Thinsections_05_A_41, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

Hyperfast Second-Order Local Solvers For Efficient Statistically Preconditioned Distributed Optimization, Pavel Dvurechensky, Dmitry Kamzolov, Aleksandr Lukashevich, Soomin Lee, Erik Ordentlich, César A. Uribe, Alexander Gasnikov

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Statistical preconditioning enables fast methods for distributed large-scale empirical risk minimization problems. In this approach, multiple worker nodes compute gradients in parallel, which are then used by the central node to update the parameter by solving an auxiliary (preconditioned) smaller-scale optimization problem. The recently proposed Statistically Preconditioned Accelerated Gradient (SPAG) method [1] has complexity bounds superior to other such algorithms but requires an exact solution for computationally intensive auxiliary optimization problems at every iteration. In this paper, we propose an Inexact SPAG (InSPAG) and explicitly characterize the accuracy by which the corresponding auxiliary subproblem needs to be solved to guarantee …

Multicriteria Decision Making For Carbon Dioxide (Co2) Emission Reduction, Rahman Ali, Farkhund Iqbal, Muhammad Sadiq Hassan Zada

All Works

The fast industrial revolution all over the world has increased emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), which has badly affected the atmosphere. Main sources of CO2 emission include vehicles and factories, which use oil, gas, and coal. Similarly, due to the increased mobility of automobiles, CO2 emission increases day-by-day. Roughly, 40% of the world’s total CO2 emission is due to the use of personal cars on busy and congested roads, which burn more fuel. In addition to this, the unavailability of parking in all parts of the cities and the use of conventional methods for searching parking areas have added more …

Impact Of Religion And Politics On Pro-Environmental Behavior And Views About Climate Change

Journal of Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study was to analyze how religion and politics impact peoples’ opinions about climate change and likeliness to engage in pro-environmental behavior. The study conducted was a non-experimental, correlational research design, using a survey methodology. Fifty-eight participants, all over the age of 18, were recruited to participate in this study. The participants were asked to complete five questionnaires: The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS) (Huber & Huber, 2012), The Climate Change Attitude Survey (CCAS) (Christensen & Knezek, 2015), The Political Participation Scale (PPS), The Environmental Behavior Scale (EBS), and a demographic questionnaire. Two research hypotheses guided this …

Development Of A Method For Evaluating Absorption Spectra Irregularities: 3-Methylcyclopentanol And 4-Methylcyclohexanol

Journal of Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research

Accurate rate constant values are critical for understanding chemical reaction pathways involving cyclopentenyl and cyclohexenyl cation intermediates. One approach for determining this essential kinetic information follows the time rate of change of such cations using UV-visible spectrophotometry. However, the obtained absorption spectra often show asymmetric irregularities such as shoulders due to interfering side reactions. The aim of this exploratory study was to develop a method of interpreting UV-visible spectra that provides accurate rate constant values in addition to clarifying the cause of signal abnormalities. In this investigation, changes in spectra of the cation intermediates were followed over the course of …

Mgrre_Thinsections_05_A_40, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

A Tem Study Of Fe3+X Co3-XTi2 (X = 0, 1, 2, 3) Intermetallic Alloys, Xingzhong Li, Anandakumar Sarella, B. Balasubramanian, Shah R. Valloppilly

David Sellmyer Publications

A TEM study has been carried out on crystal structures in the rare-earth-free intermetallic alloys, Fe_3+xCo_3-xTi₂ (x = 0, 1, 2, 3). These alloys have been demonstrated to have potentially high magnetic anisotropy. In these alloys, the main intermetallic compound was recently reported as a new hexagonal phase with a space group of P-6 m2. The present study reveals that the main compound belongs to Laves C14 variant surrounded by α-Fe type crystal as secondary phase in the Fe_3+xCo_3-xTi₂ (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) alloys, in agreement with the …

The Formation Of Monosubstituted Cyclopropenylidene Derivatives In The Interstellar Medium Via Neutral-Neutral Reaction Pathways, Athena R. Flint, Ryan C. Fortenberry

Faculty and Student Publications

Five substituted cyclopropenylidene derivatives (c-C3HX, X = CN, OH, F, NH2), all currently undetected in the interstellar medium (ISM), are found herein to have mechanistically viable, gas-phase formation pathways through neutral-neutral additions of ·X onto c-C3H2. The detection and predicted formation mechanism of c-C3HC2H introduces a need for the chemistry of c-C3H2 and any possible derivatives to be more fully explored. Chemically accurate CCSD(T)-F12/cc-pVTZ-F12 calculations provide exothermicities of additions of various radical species to c-C3H2, alongside energies of submerged intermediates that are crossed to result in product formation. Of the novel reaction mechanisms proposed, the addition of the cyano radical …

Broadening Participation In Tos Through Honors Nominations And Awards, Frank Muller-Karger, Eeshan Bhatt, Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Location Verification For Future Wireless Vehicular Networks: Research Directions And Challenges, Shihao Yan, Ullah Ihsan, Robert Malaney, Linlin Sun, Stefano Tomasin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Vehicle location information obtained through the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) will play a pivotal role in emerging vehicular networks. This vital information is, however, susceptible to a host of unwanted manipulations, especially if a malicious entity is involved. The most obvious example of such manipulations is the forwarding by a malicious vehicle of false GNSS locations to other members of the network. Such events can lead to poor operational outcomes for the vehicular network, and in extreme cases even lead to catastrophic safety violations. Here, we highlight research efforts pursued in the past few years that have attempted to …

Key Issues Generated From The Xi International Rangeland Congress 2021: Summary And Way Forward, D. L. Coppock, A. J. Ash, B. Irving

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The important issues, knowledge gaps, and evolving research approaches for the global rangelands are summarised in this review of submissions to the Joint XXIV International Grasslands and XI International Rangelands Congress (IGC/IRC). In the big picture, it is concluded that stand-alone studies of livestock production are becoming rare compared to that of the past International Rangelands Congresses (IRC). Rather, added effort is now being directed at understanding the fuller context of social-ecological systems (SESs) on rangelands in a quest to improve the prospects for sustainable resource management as well as the enhancement of human welfare. Although climate change is upon …

Joint International Grassland And International Rangeland Congress Kenya 2021: Grasslands Summary, James L. Klotz, J. H. Bouton

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

This summary used as its main sources the plenary and keynote papers and talks in Sub-theme 2: Forage Production and Utilization and Sub-theme 3: Livestock Production Systems as well as a sampling of oral talks presented at the XXIV International Grassland Congress (IGC). This IGC was held virtually and jointly with the International Rangeland Congress and hosted in Nairobi, Kenya during 23-29 October 2021. The XXIV IGC was also the first to be held on the African continent in Congress' 94-year history. The summary is further focused on that information presented under the concept "cultivated grasslands" (e.g., a small number …

Improved Operational Matrices Of Dp-Ball Polynomials For Solving Singular Second Order Linear Dirichlet-Type Boundary Value Problems, Ahmed Kherd, Salim F. Bamsaoud, Omar Bazighifan, Mobarek A. Assabaai

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Solving Dirichlet-type boundary value problems (BVPs) using a novel numerical approach is presented in this study. The operational matrices of DP-Ball Polynomials are used to solve the linear second-order BVPs. The modification of the operational matrix eliminates the BVP's singularity. Consequently, guaranteeing a solution is reached. In this article, three different examples were taken into consideration in order to demonstrate the applicability of the method. Based on the findings, it seems that the methodology may be used effectively to provide accurate solutions.

Mgrre_Thinsections_05_A_39, Mgrre

Thin Sections

No abstract provided.

Level And Pattern Of Overstory Retention Shape The Abundance And Long-Term Dynamics Of Natural And Created Snags, Charles B. Halpern, Allison K. Rossman, Joan C. Hagar

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Standing dead trees, or snags, serve myriad functions in natural forests, but are often scarce in forests managed for timber production. Variable retention (VR), the retention of live and dead trees through harvest, has been adopted globally as a less intensive form of regeneration harvest. In this study, we explore how two key elements of VR systems — level (amount) and spatial pattern of live-tree retention — affect the carryover and post-harvest dynamics of natural and artificially created snags. We present nearly two decades of data from the DEMO Study, a regional-scale experiment in VR harvests of Douglas-fir-dominated forests in …

Role Of Draw Rate And Molecular Weight When Electrospun Nanofibers Are Post-Drawn With Residual Solvent, Adriano Conte, Xiao Hu, Vincent Beachley

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

The postdrawing process is poorly understood for polymer nanofibers due to the difficulty of manipulating nanofiber structures. Here, an angled track system facilitates postdrawing of individual nanofibers with control of parameters including molecular weight, draw rate, draw ratio, and solvent evaporation time. In this study, the effects of molecular weight, draw rate, and relative residual solvent content on final nanofiber properties are investigated. Molecular weight is first investigated to clarify any influence polymer chain length can have on drawing in facilitating or hindering chain extensibility. Polyacrylonitrile nanofibers with 50 and 150 kDa molecular weights behave similarly with postdrawing resulting in …

Climate Adaptation And Risk Preparedness In Florida’S East Coast Cities: Views Of Municipal Leaders, Sheila A. Young, Kenyon C. Lindeman, Samantha R. Fowler

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Cities along Florida’s Atlantic coastline are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, posing significant challenges for city planners. How cities see themselves in terms of developing or implementing their climate change adaptation action plans depends, in part, on the extent to which they perceive climate-related events as risks, and their city size. Data were obtained from city leaders (i.e. mayors, city/town managers, or their designees) from 86 cities along Florida’s Atlantic Coast from January to May 2021 to quantitatively assess factors influencing city adaptation planning. Validity and reliability were obtained for the survey. Multiple regression analyses showed significant …

Thiophene Substituted 1,3,5-Triazines As Building Blocks For Liquid Crystals, Mojtaba Samiei Alalani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Discotic liquid crystals (DLCs), due to their self-organizing and self-healing properties, have been used in organic electronic devices. Generally, DLCs consist of a rigid central aromatic core that is substituted with peripheral flexible chains. Nanosegregation between their conjugated cores and the flexible sidechains often generates π-π columnar stacks that show a high charge carrier mobility. This thesis explores trithiothiphene-1,3,5-triazine based molecules with conjugated but conformationally flexible cores as building blocks for DLCs. Previous work has shown that these C3-symmetric (star-shaped) compounds with alkyl chains directly attached to the three thiophenes are not mesomorph. Studied here are derivatives with thioethers as …

Advanced Substrates For Wearable And Printed Electronics, Sara Mechael

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation describes the development of elastomer and paper-based electronics, addressing application-specific challenges in the development of wearable electronics and smart packaging through strategic substrate design.

Chapters 2 and 3 describe the patterned, solution-based metallization of a commercially available, disposable glove to fabricate a wearable strain sensing array. Chapter 2 details the characterization and implementation of this ready-to-wear strain sensing glove. The glove garment acts as a convenient vehicle to carry and easily apply the strain sensing array to the hand joints, while the surface roughness of the glove facilitates the formation of a reticular cracking network in the overlying …

On Equivariant Flag F-Vectors For Balanced Relative Simplicial Complexes, Jacob A. White

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

We study the equivariant flag f-vector and equivariant flag h-vector of a balanced relative simplicial complex with respect to a group action. When the complex satisfies Serre's condition (Sℓ), we show that the equivariant flag h-vector, the equivariant h-vector, and the equivariant f-vector satisfy several inequalities.
We apply these results to the study of P-partitions of double posets, and weak colorings of mixed graphs.