Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Measurements Of B → D(∗)−,0d(∗)+,0k+Π− Branching Fractions In The K∗0 Mass Window, Harris Bernstein

Dissertations - ALL

This thesis presents measurements of 11 branching fractions of the form B →D(∗)−,0D(∗)+,0K+π− within the K∗0 mass window using LHCb data taken in 2016, 2017 and 2018. All 11 branching fractions are measured simultaneously and are reported alongside the covariance and correlation matrices for the final measurement.

Pitfalls And Guidelines For Using Time-Based Git Data, Samuel W. Flint, Jigyasa Chauhan, Robert Dyer

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Many software engineering research papers rely on time-based data (e.g., commit timestamps, issue report creation/update/close dates, release dates). Like most real-world data however, time-based data is often dirty. To date, there are no studies that quantify how frequently such data is used by the software engineering research community, or investigate sources of and quantify how often such data is dirty. Depending on the research task and method used, including such dirty data could aect the research results. This paper presents an extended survey of papers that utilize time-based data, published in the Mining Software Repositories (MSR) conference series. Out of …

Ionospheric Feedback And Ulf Quarter-Waves, Anatoly Streltsov, Evgeny V. Mishin

Publications

This paper presents results from the numerical investigation of nonlinear feedback interactions between ULF field-aligned currents (FACs) and the ionospheric plasma in the global magnetospheric resonator with a non-symmetrical distribution of the plasma density in the conjugate hemispheres. The density asymmetry is enhanced by the introduction of the ionospheric valley in the hemisphere where the plasma density is already lower. The main result from this study is that in the non-symmetrical resonator, the ionospheric feedback mechanism, driven by the electric field with the maximum amplitude of 50 mV/m, develops nonlinear, intense, small-scale upward currents with a characteristic quarter-wavelength structure along …

Editorial: Mammalian Responses To Climate Change: From Organisms To Communities, Johan T. Du Toit, Robyn S. Hetem, M. Denise Dearing

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Mammals have displayed spectacular evolutionary success ever since an asteroid impact caused the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event ~66 million years ago, when the non-avian dinosaurs disappeared. Now another mass extinction event is underway because of another major planetary disturbance, but this time it is directly caused by just one over-achieving species among all those mammals: Homo sapiens.

Natural Product Discovery And Mycotoxin Analysis Of Agricultural Endophytes And Pathogens, Jacob P. Walsh

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis focuses on the application of fungal natural product chemistry for the use of agriculture fungal pathogenesis research. The research in this work uses many analytical chemistry techniques and instruments such as HPLC, LC-MS/MS and NMR. In Chapter 2, a diagnostic fragmentation module was developed for the identification of compound classes in crude fungal extracts. This module identified the classes cytochalasins and chaetoglobosins from extracts of Penicillium, Chaetomium, and Xylaria. From these extracts a new chaetoglobosin was discovered and the module was implemented into the open-source software package MZmine 2.0. Chapter 3 discusses analytical chemistry techniques with the …

In Silico Evaluation Of The Antimalarial Potential Of The Phytoconstituents Of The Azadirachta Indica Plant, Areh E.T., Atolani O., Kambizi L

Al-Bahir Journal for Engineering and Pure Sciences

Background and Objectives: Malaria, a parasitic protozoan disease caused primarily by Plasmodium falciparum, has killed millions of people in Africa, particularly those with meager or no access to orthodox medical facilities and therapies. Extracts from the Azadirachta indica (neem) plant is believed to possess antimalaria properties among the locals that rely on herbs. Numerous in - vivo studies have suggested the antimalarial properties of neem extract and phytochemicals. This study employs an in - silico method through molecular docking techniques to provide insight while adding credence to the antimalarial potential of phytochemicals of neem plants as claimed …

Partial Volumes Of Phosphatidylcholines And Vitamin E: Α-Tocopherol Prefers Disordered Membranes, Mitchell Dipasquale, Michael H.L. Nguyen, Georg Pabst, Drew Marquardt

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Despite its discovery over 95 years ago, the biological and nutritional roles of vitamin E remain subjects of much controversy. Though it is known to possess antioxidant properties, recent assertions have implied that vitamin E may not be limited to this function in living systems. Through densitometry measurements and small-angle X-ray scattering we observe favorable interactions between α-tocopherol and unsaturated phospholipids, with more favorable interactions correlating to an increase in lipid chain unsaturation. Our data provide evidence that vitamin E may preferentially associate with oxygen sensitive lipids-an association that is considered innate for a viable membrane antioxidant.

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No abstract provided.

Leveraging Natural Learning Processing To Uncover Themes In Clinical Notes Of Patients Admitted For Heart Failure, Ankita Agarwal, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, William Romine, Amanuel Alambo, Mia Cajita, Tanvi Banerjee

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Heart failure occurs when the heart is not able to pump blood and oxygen to support other organs in the body as it should. Treatments include medications and sometimes hospitalization. Patients with heart failure can have both cardiovascular as well as non-cardiovascular comorbidities. Clinical notes of patients with heart failure can be analyzed to gain insight into the topics discussed in these notes and the major comorbidities in these patients. In this regard, we apply machine learning techniques, such as topic modeling, to identify the major themes found in the clinical notes specific to the procedures performed on 1,200 patients …

Vector Auto-Regression-Based False Data Injection Attack Detection Method In Edge Computing Environment, Yi Chen, Kadhim Hayawi, Qian Zhao, Junjie Mou, Ling Yang, Jie Tang, Qing Li, Hong Wen

All Works

With the wide application of advanced communication and information technology, false data injection attack (FDIA) has become one of the significant potential threats to the security of smart grid. Malicious attack detection is the primary task of defense. Therefore, this paper proposes a method of FDIA detection based on vector auto-regression (VAR), aiming to improve safe operation and reliable power supply in smart grid applications. The proposed method is characterized by incorporating with VAR model and measurement residual analysis based on infinite norm and 2-norm to achieve the FDIA detection under the edge computing architecture, where the VAR model is …

Constraints On The Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission From Short Grbs With Hawc, A. Albert, R. Alfaro, C. Alvarez, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. P. Arunbabu, D. Avila Rojas, H. A.Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, C. Brisbois, K. S. Caballero-Mora, T. Capistrán, A. Carramiñana, S. Casanova, O. Chaparro-Amaro, U. Cotti, J. Cotzomi, S. Coutiño De León, C. De León, E. De La Fuente, R. Diaz Hernandez, S. Dichiara, B. L. Dingus, M. A. Duvernois, M. Durocher, J. C. Díaz-Vélez, K. Engel, C. Espinoza, K. L. Fan, N. Fraija, A. Galván-Gámez

Michigan Tech Publications

Many gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been observed from radio wavelengths, and a few at very high energies (VHEs, >100 GeV). The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory is well suited to study transient phenomena at VHEs owing to its large field of view and duty cycle. These features allow for searches of VHE emission and can probe different model assumptions of duration and spectra. In this paper, we use data collected by HAWC between 2014 December and 2020 May to search for emission in the energy range from 80 to 800 GeV coming from a sample of 47 short …

Vibration Control Of Submerged Floating Tunnel In Waves And Earthquakes Through Tuned Mass Damper, Chungkuk Jin, Sung-Jae Kim, Moohyun Kim

Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

In this study, a passive Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) is investigated to dampen resonant motions of a Submerged Floating Tunnel (SFT) in waves and earthquakes. TMD is adopted to control resonant lateral motion. A time-domain dynamics simulation model that considers the elasticity of the tunnel and mooring lines is first established, which is based on the lumped mass method and Morison equation, and the SFT-TMD interaction is considered through springs and dampers. Next, by using the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm, TMD's spring and damping coefficients are optimized; the dynamics simulations under white noise seismic excitations are continuously carried out with …

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No abstract provided.

Self-Supervised Learning For Invariant Representations From Multi-Spectral And Sar Images, Pallavi Jain, Bianca Schoen Phelan, Robert J. Ross

Articles

Self-Supervised learning (SSL) has become the new state of the art in several domain classification and segmentation tasks. One popular category of SSL are distillation networks such as Bootstrap Your Own Latent (BYOL). This work proposes RS-BYOL, which builds on BYOL in the remote sensing (RS) domain where data are non-trivially different from natural RGB images. Since multi-spectral (MS) and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors provide varied spectral and spatial resolution information, we utilise them as an implicit augmentation to learn invariant feature embeddings. In order to learn RS based invariant features with SSL, we trained RS-BYOL in two ways, …

The New Era In American Mathematics, 1920-1950 (Book Review), Calvin Jongsma

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Reviewed Title: The New Era in American Mathematics, 1920-1950 by Karen Hunger Parshall. Princeton University Press, 2022. 640 pages. ISBN: 9780691197555.

A Novel Rid Algorithm Of Muon Trajectory Reconstruction In Water Cherenkov Detectors, Neerav Kaushal

Michigan Tech Publications

Cosmic rays that strike the top of the Earth’s atmosphere generate a shower of secondary particles that move toward the surface with relativistic speeds. Water Cherenkov detectors (WCDs) on the ground can detect charged muons, which are one of the many particles generated in the shower, with the Cherenkov imaging technique. A large number of these muons travel in WCD tanks near the speed of light in a vacuum, faster than the speed of light in water, and so trigger isotropic Cherenkov radiation, which is detected by the photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) placed inside the tanks. When the radial component of …

Decipherment Challenges Due To Tamga And Letter Mix-Ups In An Old Hungarian Runic Inscription From The Altai Mountains, Peter Revesz

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

An Old Hungarian Runic inscription from the Altai Mountains with 40 signs has posed some special challenges for decipherment due to several letter mix-ups and the use of a tamga sign, which is the first reported use of a tamga within this type of script. This paper gives a complete and correct translation and draws some lessons that can be learned about decipherment. It introduces sign similarity matrices as a method of detecting accidental misspellings and shows that sign similarity matrices can be efficiently computed. It also explains the importance of simultaneously achieving the three criteria for a valid decipherment: …

Warming Of The Willamette River, 1850–Present: The Effects Of Climate Change And Direct Human Interventions, Stefan Talke, David Jay, Heida Diefenderfer

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Using archival research methods, we found and combined data from multiple sources to produce a unique, 140 year record of daily water temperature (Tw) in the lower Willamette River, Oregon (1881–1890, 1941–present). Additional daily weather and river flow records from the 1850s onwards are used to develop and validate a statistical regression model of Tw for 1850–2020. The model simulates the time-lagged response of Tw to air temperature and river flow, and is calibrated for three distinct time periods: the late 19th, mid 20th, and early 21st centuries. Results show that Tw has trended upwards at ~1.1 °C …

Quantifying Dds-Cerberus Network Control Overhead, Andrew T. Park, Nathaniel R. Peck, Richard Dill, Douglas D. Hodson, Michael R. Grimaila, Wayne C. Henry

Faculty Publications

Securing distributed device communication is critical because the private industry and the military depend on these resources. One area that adversaries target is the middleware, which is the medium that connects different systems. This paper evaluates a novel security layer, DDS-Cerberus (DDS-C), that protects in-transit data and improves communication efficiency on data-first distribution systems. This research contributes a distributed robotics operating system testbed and designs a multifactorial performance-based experiment to evaluate DDS-C efficiency and security by assessing total packet traffic generated in a robotics network. The performance experiment follows a 2:1 publisher to subscriber node ratio, varying the number of …

An Analog For Large-Scale Lacustrine Deposits: 3d Characterization Of A Pleistocene Lake Bonneville Spit, Eli D. Lopez

Theses and Dissertations

Ultra-high-resolution subsurface stratigraphy mapped from 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) can provide insights into the fine-scale heterogeneity of reservoirs and other geologic features. Analog models derived from 3D GPR aid in understanding reservoir compartmentalization that may be sub-seismic but still affect fluid flow. We integrate 2D profiles and 3D GPR volumes with measured stratigraphic sections from outcrop exposure to characterize the fine-scale stratigraphy of an ancient Lake Bonneville shoreline deposit (locally, circa 20 ka based on carbon-14 dating) in the Great Basin (northwestern Utah). The heterogeneity of the deposit is expressed as multiple discordant patterns, separated by unconformities that likely were …

Regression-Based Methods For Dynamic Treatment Regimes With Mismeasured Covariates Or Misclassified Response, Dan Liu

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The statistical study of dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) focuses on estimating sequential treatment decision rules tailored to patient-level information across multiple stages of intervention. Regression-based methods in DTR have been studied in the literature with a critical assumption that all the observed variables are precisely measured. However, this assumption is often violated in many applications. One example is the STAR*D study, in which the patient's depressive score is subject to measurement error. In this thesis, we explore problems in the context of DTR with measurement error or misclassification considered in the observed data.

The first project deals with covariate measurement …

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No abstract provided.

Sd Prism: Visualizing The Standard Deviation As The Size Of A Prism Using R/Rstudio, Hieu Nguyen, Tom Nguyen, Mamunur Rashid, Jyotirmoy Sarkar

Student Research

SD Prism is a graphical R package used for visualizing the standard deviation of a data set. Given a raw data set, the standard deviation (SD) is defined as the square-root of twice the mean square of all pairwise half deviations between any two sample observations. This interpretation leads to a geometric visualization of the sample SD, and a more elementary explanation as to why the denominator in the sample variance is one less than the sample size. In this article we will explain step by step how to understand it mathematically and how the package implements the methodology to …

Leptogenesis Triggered By A First-Order Phase Transition, Peisi Huang, Ke-Pan Xie

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We propose a new scenario of leptogenesis, which is triggered by a first-order phase transition (FOPT). The right-handed neutrinos (RHNs) are massless in the old vacuum, while they acquire a mass in the new vacuum bubbles, and the mass gap is huge compared with the FOPT temperature. The ultra-relativistic bubble walls sweep the RHNs into the bubbles, where the RHNs experience fast decay and generate the lepton asymmetry, which is further converted to the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU). Since the RHNs are out of equilibrium inside the bubble, the generated BAU does not suffer from the thermal bath …

Polarization Topology At The Nominally Charged Domain Walls In Uniaxial Ferroelectrics, Yurii Tikhonov, Jesi R. Maguire, Conor J. Mccluskey, James P. V. Mcconville, Amit Kumar, Haidong Lu, Dennis Meier, Anna Razumnaya, John Martin Gregg, Alexei Gruverman, Valerii M. Vinokur, Igor Luk’Yanchuk

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Ferroelectric domain walls provide a fertile environment for novel materials physics. If a polarization discontinuity arises, it can drive a redistribution of electronic carriers and changes in band structure, which often result in emergent 2D conductivity. If such a discontinuity is not tolerated, then its amelioration usually involves the formation of complex topological patterns, such as flux-closure domains, dipolar vortices, skyrmions, merons, or Hopfions. The degrees of freedom required for the development of such patterns, in which dipolar rotation is a hallmark, are readily found in multiaxial ferroelectrics. In uniaxial ferroelectrics, where only two opposite polar orientations are possible, it …

Geographic Proximity To Primary Care Providers As A Risk-Assessment Criterion For Quality Performance Measures, Nathaniel Bell, Ana Lopez-De Fede Ph.D., Bo Cai Ph.D., John Brooks Ph.D.

Publications

Importance Previous studies have found a mixed association between Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH) designation and improvements in primary care quality indicators, including avoidable pediatric emergency department (ED) encounters. Whether these associations persist after accounting for the geographic locations of providers relative to where patients reside is unknown. Objective To examine the association between geographic proximity to primary care providers versus hospitals and risk of avoidable and potentially avoidable ED visits among children with pre-existing diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or asthma. Methods Retrospective cohort study of a panel of pediatric Medicaid claims data from the South Carolina from 2016–2018 for 2,959 …

Recent Advances On Density Separation Techniques For Microplastic Recovery From Sediments, Andrei Luigi T. Ang, Carlos Miguel D. Jose, Cara Isabel P. Del Rosario, Orrin Landon T. Uy, Joel Garcia

Sinaya: A Philippine Journal for Senior High School Teachers and Students

Microplastics are small plastic fragments commonly less than 5 mm in size (Khatmullina et al., 2016), making up about 92% of the total plastic pollution. Since these plastics are transparent due to their small size, they cause invisible plastic pollution. Due to their adsorptive properties, they can potentially harm marine and human life if ingested. Microplastic extraction is used to isolate microplastics from their original matrix using various methods and instruments to ease the process. Electrostatic separation, magnetization, and pressurized fluid extraction are among the established microplastic extraction methods, but these separation techniques require more effort and use a more …

Quantifying The Relationship Between Sub-Population Wastewater Samples And Community-Wide Sars-Cov-2 Seroprevalence, Ted Smith, Rochelle H. Holm, Rachel J. Keith, Alok R. Amraotkar, Chance R. Alvarado, Krzysztof Banecki, Boseung Choi, Ian Santisteban, Adrienne M. Bushau-Sprinkle, Kathleen T. Kitterman, Joshua Fuqua, Krystal T. Hamorsky, Kenneth E. Palmer, J. Michael Brick, Aruni Bhatnagar, Grzegorz A. Rempala

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Robust epidemiological models relating wastewater to community disease prevalence are lacking. Assessments of SARS-CoV-2 infection rates have relied primarily on convenience sampling, which does not provide reliable estimates of community disease prevalence due to inherent biases. This study conducted serial stratified randomized samplings to estimate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 3717 participants and obtained weekly samples of community wastewater for SARS-CoV-2 concentrations in Jefferson County, KY (USA) from August 2020 to February 2021. Using an expanded Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model, the longitudinal estimates of the disease prevalence were obtained and compared with the wastewater concentrations using regression analysis. The model analysis …

A Novel Qkd Approach To Enhance Iiot Privacy And Computational Knacks, Kranthi Kumar Singamaneni, Gaurav Dhiman, Sapna Juneja, Ghulam Muhammad, Salman A Alqahtani, John Zaki

Student and Faculty Publications

The industry-based internet of things (IIoT) describes how IIoT devices enhance and extend their capabilities for production amenities, security, and efficacy. IIoT establishes an enterprise-to-enterprise setup that means industries have several factories and manufacturing units that are dependent on other sectors for their services and products. In this context, individual industries need to share their information with other external sectors in a shared environment which may not be secure. The capability to examine and inspect such large-scale information and perform analytical protection over the large volumes of personal and organizational information demands authentication and confidentiality so that the total data …

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No abstract provided.