Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Early Fire Detection: A New Indoor Laboratory Dataset And Data Distribution Analysis, Amril Nazir, Husam Mosleh, Maen Takruri, Abdul Halim Jallad, Hamad Alhebsi

All Works

Fire alarm systems are typically equipped with various sensors such as heat, smoke, and gas detectors. These provide fire alerts and notifications of emergency exits when a fire has been detected. However, such systems do not give early warning in order to allow appropriate action to be taken when an alarm is first triggered, as the fire may have already caused severe damage. This paper analyzes a new dataset gathered from controlled realistic fire experiments conducted in an indoor laboratory environment. The experiments were conducted in a controlled manner by triggering the source of fire using electrical devices and charcoal …

A Novel Approach To Face Pattern Analysis, Shashi Bhushan, Mohammed Alshehri, Neha Agarwal, Ismail Keshta, Jitendra Rajpurohit, Ahed Abugabah

All Works

Recognizing facial expressions is a major challenge and will be required in the latest fields of research such as the industrial Internet of Things. Currently, the available methods are useful for detecting singular facial images, but they are very hard to extract. The main aim of face detection is to capture an image in real‐time and search for the image in the available dataset. So, by using this biometric feature, one can recognize and verify the person’s image by their facial features. Many researchers have used Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), a combination of PCA and SVM, …

An Investigation On The Morphological And Mineralogical Characteristics Of Posidonius Floor Fractured Lunar Impact Crater Using Lunar Remote Sensing Data, Imen Ben Salem, Manish Sharma, P. R. Kumaresan, A. Karthi, Fares M. Howari, Yousef Nazzal, Cijo M. Xavier

All Works

Lunar floor‐fractured craters (FFCs) are a distinguished type of crater found on the surface of the Moon with radial, concentric, and/or polygonal fractures. In the present study, we selected the Posidonius FCC to explore the mineralogy, morphology and tectonic characteristics using remote sensing datasets. The Posidonius crater is vested with a wide moat of lava separating the crater rim inner wall terraces from the fractured central floor. Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter’s (LRO) images and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data were used to map the tectonics and morphology of the present study. The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data of Chandrayaan‐1 were used …

The Shepherd Mountain Iron Ore Deposit In Southeast Missouri, Usa -- An Extension Of The Pilot Knob Magmatic-Hydrothermal Ore System: Evidence From Iron Oxide Chemistry, Bolorchimeg N. Tunnell, Marek Locmelis, Cheryl Seeger, Marilena Moroni, Sarah Dare, Ryan Mathur, Brandon Sullivan

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Southeast Missouri Iron Metallogenic Province in the Midcontinent USA contains seven major and several minor IOA/IOCG-type deposits and a series of shallow vein-type deposits/prospects, all of which are spatially and temporally associated with early Mesoproterozoic (1500–1440 Ma) magmatism in the St. Francois Mountains terrane. One of the vein-type deposits is the Shepherd Mountain deposit, which consists of two northeast-trending ore veins dominated by magnetite and lesser amounts of hematite. Here we report the findings of a study that investigates the origin of the Shepherd Mountain deposit and a possible genetic link to the nearby (i.e., < 5 km away) magmatic to magmatic-hydrothermal Pilot Knob ore system that comprises the massive-to-disseminated Pilot Knob Magnetite deposit and the overlying bedded and brecciated Pilot Knob Hematite deposit. Petrographic observations, whole-rock data and the trace element and Fe isotope composition of magnetite and hematite show that the Shepherd Mountain deposit formed from at least five pulses of magmatic-hydrothermal fluids with different compositions and physicochemical parameters. Integration of the data for the Shepherd Mountain deposit with new and published data from the Pilot Knob Magnetite and Pilot Knob Hematite deposits shows that the three deposits are genetically linked through two local faults. The Ironton and Pilot Knob faults provided fluid pathways that connected the Pilot Knob Magnetite deposit to the shallower Shepherd Mountain and Pilot Knob Hematite deposits. Consequently, we argue that the Shepherd Mountain and Pilot Knob Hematite deposits are near-surface extensions of the same magmatic to hydrothermal plumbing system that formed the Pilot Knob Magnetite deposit at depth.

Economics Of Cormorant Predation On Catfish Farms, Carole Engle, Ganesh Kumar, Terrel Christie, Brian S. Dorr, Brian Davis, Luke Roy, Anita Kelly

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The Double-crested Cormorant is the primary avian predator on catfish farms causing significant economic losses primarily due to 1) on-farm expenditures related to bird-management activities and 2) value of the catfish lost to cormorants. This comprehensive economic study quantified these two economic effects by surveying catfish farms in the delta regions of Mississippi and Arkansas. On-farm expenditures for bird scaring were used to quantify bird-management costs. Economic losses from fish consumed by cormorants were quantified by evaluating data from field studies of the abundance, distribution, and diet of cormorants in the Mississippi delta. This study found that catfish farmers …

Mental Health In The Uk Biobank: A Roadmap To Self-Report Measures And Neuroimaging Correlates, Rosie K. Dutt, Kayla Hannon, Ty O. Easley, Joseph C. Griffis, Wei Zhang, Janine D. Bijsterbosch

Statistical and Data Sciences: Faculty Publications

The UK Biobank (UKB) is a highly promising dataset for brain biomarker research into population mental health due to its unprecedented sample size and extensive phenotypic, imaging, and biological measurements. In this study, we aimed to provide a shared foundation for UKB neuroimaging research into mental health with a focus on anxiety and depression. We compared UKB self-report measures and revealed important timing effects between scan acquisition and separate online acquisition of some mental health measures. To overcome these timing effects, we introduced and validated the Recent Depressive Symptoms (RDS-4) score which we recommend for state-dependent and longitudinal research in …

Global And Regional Sea Level Rise Scenarios For The United States, National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration (Noaa)

State & Federal Reports and Publications

This report and accompanying datasets from the U.S. Sea Level Rise and Coastal Flood Hazard Scenarios and Tools Interagency Task Force provide 1) sea level rise scenarios to 2150 by decade that include estimates of vertical land motion and 2) a set of extreme water level probabilities for various heights along the U.S. coastline. These data are available at 1-degree grids along the U.S. coastline and downscaled specifically at NOAA tide-gauge locations. Estimates of flood exposure are assessed using contemporary U.S. coastal flood-severity thresholds for current conditions (e.g., sea levels and infrastructure footprint) and for the next 30 years (out …

Modeling Sentiments And Preferences From Multimodal Data, Quoc Tuan Truong

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Online reviews are prevalent in many modern Web applications, such as e-commerce, crowd-sourced location and check-in platforms. Fueled by the rise of mobile phones that are often the only cameras on hand, reviews are increasingly multimodal, with photos in addition to textual content. In this thesis, we focus on modeling the subjectivity carried in this form of data, with two research objectives.

In the first part, we tackle the problem of detecting sentiment expressed by a review. This is a key unlocking many applications, e.g., analyzing opinions, monitoring consumer satisfaction, assessing product quality.
Traditionally, the task of sentiment analysis primarily …

Development Of Guidelines For Collecting Transit Ridership Data, Hong Yang, Kun Xie, Sherif Ishak, Qingyu Ma, Yang Liu

Computational Modeling & Simulation Engineering Faculty Publications

Transit ridership is a critical determinant for many transit applications such as operation optimizations and project prioritization under performance-based funding mechanisms. As a result, the quality of ridership data is of utmost importance to both transit administrative agencies and transit operators. Many transit operators in Virginia report their ridership data to the Department of Rail and Public Transportation (DRPT) and the National Transit Database (NTD). However, with no specific guidelines available to transit agencies in Virginia for collecting ridership data, the heterogeneous mixture of diverse data collection methods and technologies has often raised concerns about the consistency and quality of …

Motivations Do Not Decrease Procrastination, So What Can We Do?, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich, Christian Servin

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Students often start working on their assignments late and, as a result, turn them in late. This procrastination makes grading more difficult. It also delays posting correct solutions that could help students understand their mistakes – and this hinders the students’ progress in studying following topics. At first glance, motivation seems to be a solution to all pedagogical problems: a motivated student eagerly collaborates with the instructor to learn more. Motivation indeed increases students’ knowledge, but, unfortunately, it does not decrease procrastination. So what can we do? We can institute heavy penalties for late submissions, but this would unfairly punish …

Deep Learning For Hate Speech Detection: A Comparative Study, Jitendra Singh Malik, Guansong Pang, Anton Van Den Hengel

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Automated hate speech detection is an important tool in combating the spread of hate speech, particularly in social media. Numerous methods have been developed for the task, including a recent proliferation of deep-learning based approaches. A variety of datasets have also been developed, exemplifying various manifestations of the hate-speech detection problem. We present here a largescale empirical comparison of deep and shallow hate-speech detection methods, mediated through the three most commonly used datasets. Our goal is to illuminate progress in the area, and identify strengths and weaknesses in the current state-of-the-art. We particularly focus our analysis on measures of practical …

Crowdtc: Crowd-Powered Learning For Text Classification, Keyu Yang, Yunjun Gao, Lei Liang, Song Bian, Lu Chen, Baihua Zheng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Text classification is a fundamental task in content analysis. Nowadays, deep learning has demonstrated promising performance in text classification compared with shallow models. However, almost all the existing models do not take advantage of the wisdom of human beings to help text classification. Human beings are more intelligent and capable than machine learning models in terms of understanding and capturing the implicit semantic information from text. In this article, we try to take guidance from human beings to classify text. We propose Crowd-powered learning for Text Classification (CrowdTC for short). We design and post the questions on a crowdsourcing platform …

Broken External Links On Stack Overflow, Jiakun Liu, Xin Xia, David Lo, Haoxiang Zhang, Ying Zou, Ahmed E. Hassan, Shanping Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Stack Overflow hosts valuable programming-related knowledge with 11,926,354 links that reference to the third-party websites. The links that reference to the resources hosted outside the Stack Overflow websites extend the Stack Overflow knowledge base substantially. However, with the rapid development of programming-related knowledge, many resources hosted on the Internet are not available anymore. Based on our analysis of the Stack Overflow data that was released on Jun. 2, 2019, 14.2 percent of the links on Stack Overflow are broken links. The broken links on Stack Overflow can obstruct viewers from obtaining desired programming-related knowledge, and potentially damage the reputation of …

Field Study In Deploying Restless Multi-Armed Bandits: Assisting Non-Profits In Improving Maternal And Child Health, Aditya Mate, Lovish Madan, Aparna Taneja, Neha Madhiwalla, Shresth Verma, Gargi Singh, Aparna Hegde, Pradeep Varakantham, Milind Tambe

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The widespread availability of cell phones has enabled non-profits to deliver critical health information to their beneficiaries in a timely manner. This paper describes our work to assist non-profits that employ automated messaging programs to deliver timely preventive care information to beneficiaries (new and expecting mothers) during pregnancy and after delivery. Unfortunately, a key challenge in such information delivery programs is that a significant fraction of beneficiaries drop out of the program. Yet, non-profits often have limited health-worker resources (time) to place crucial service calls for live interaction with beneficiaries to prevent such engagement drops. To assist non-profits in optimizing …

Identifying, Evaluating And Applying Importance Maps For Speech, Viet Anh Trinh

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Like many machine learning systems, speech models often perform well when employed on data in the same domain as their training data. However, when the inference is on out-of-domain data, performance suffers. With a fast-growing number of applications of speech models in healthcare, education, automotive, automation, etc., it is essential to ensure that speech models can generalize to out-of-domain data, especially to noisy environments in real-world scenarios. In contrast, human listeners are quite robust to noisy environments. Thus, a thorough understanding of the differences between human listeners and speech models is urgently required to enhance speech model performance in noise. …

Storing Data Once In M-Trees And Pm-Trees: Revisiting The Building Principles Of Metric Access Methods, Humberto Razente, Maria Camila N. Barioni, Yasin N. Silva

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Since the introduction of the M-tree, a fundamental tree-based data structure for indexing multidimensional information, several structural enhancements have been proposed. One of the most effective ones is the use of additional global pivots that resulted in the PM-tree. These two indexing structures, however, can store the same data element in multiple nodes. In this article, we revisit both the M-tree and the PM-tree to propose a new construction algorithm that stores data elements only once in the tree hierarchies. The main challenge to accomplish this, is to properly select data elements when an inner node split is needed. To …

Low-Power Computer Vision: Improve The Efficiency Of Artificial Intelligence, George K. Thiruvathukal, Yung-Hisang Lu, Jaeyoun Kim, Yiran Chen, Bo Chen

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Energy efficiency is critical for running computer vision on battery-powered systems, such as mobile phones or UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles, or drones). This book collects the methods that have won the annual IEEE Low-Power Computer Vision Challenges since 2015. The winners share their solutions and provide insight on how to improve the efficiency of machine learning systems.

Special Issue: Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis, Mark Obrenovich, V. (Prakash) Reddy

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Metallic Networks And Hydrogen Compensation In Highly Nonstoichiometric Amorphous In2 O3-X, Julia E. Medvedeva, E. Caputa-Hatley, I. Zhuravlev

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The unique response of amorphous ionic oxides to changes in oxygen stoichiometry is investigated using computationally intensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, comprehensive structural analysis, and hybrid density-functional calculations for the oxygen defect formation energy and electronic properties of amorphous In2O3-x with x=0-0.185. In marked contrast to nonstoichiometric crystalline nanocomposites with clusters of metallic inclusions inside an insulating matrix, the lack of oxygen in amorphous indium oxide is distributed between a large fraction of undercoordinated In atoms, leading to an extended shallow state for x0.185. The calculated carrier concentration increases from 3.3x1020cm-3 at x=0.037 to 6.6x1020cm-3 at x=0.074 and decreases …

A Phenomenological Study: The Lived Experience Of Self-Described Math-Anxious Students Attending College Online, Toni Nicole Sawhill

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this transcendental phenomenological study is to describe the lived experience of mathematics anxiety for self-described math-anxious students who completed an undergraduate mathematics course online at a university in the Pacific Northwest part of the United States. The theory guiding this study is community of inquiry (COI) introduced by early pragmatist philosophers C. S. Peirce and John Dewey and further developed by D. Randy Garrison, Terry Anderson, and Walter Archer as mathematics anxiety is a learned behavior based on students’ experiences. This research study answers the central research question: What are the lived experiences of mathematics anxiety for …

Starlike Functions Of Complex Order With Respect To Symmetric Points Defined Using Higher Order Derivatives, Kadhavoor R. Karthikeyan, Sakkarai Lakshmi, Seetharam Varadharajan, Dharmaraj Mohankumar, Elangho Umadevi

All Works

In this paper, we introduce and study a new subclass of multivalent functions with respect to symmetric points involving higher order derivatives. In order to unify and extend various well-known results, we have defined the class subordinate to a conic region impacted by Janowski functions. We focused on conic regions when it pertained to applications of our main results. Inclusion results, subordination property and coefficient inequality of the defined class are the main results of this paper. The applications of our results which are extensions of those given in earlier works are presented here as corollaries.

Subclasses Of Multivalent Meromorphic Functions With A Pole Of Order P At The Origin, Daniel Breaz, Kadhavoor R. Karthikeyan, Elangho Umadevi

All Works

In this paper, we carry out a systematic study to discover the properties of a subclass of meromorphic starlike functions defined using the Mittag–Leffler three-parameter function. Differential operators involving special functions have been very useful in extracting information about the various properties of functions belonging to geometrically defined function classes. Here, we choose the Prabhakar function (or a three parameter Mittag–Leffler function) for our study, since it has several applications in science and engineering problems. To provide our study with more versatility, we define our class by employing a certain pseudo-starlike type analytic characterization quasi-subordinate to a more general function. …

All-Atom Simulations Uncover Structural And Dynamical Properties Of Sting Proteins In The Membrane System, Rachel Payne, Silvia Crivelli, Masakatsu Watanabe Ph.D.

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Recent studies have shown that the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) protein plays a central role in the immune system by facilitating the production of Type I interferons in cells. The STING signaling pathway is also a prominent activator of cancer-killing T cells that initiates a powerful adaptive immune response. Since biomolecular signaling pathways are complicated and not easily identified through traditional experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) has often been used to study these biological pathways’ structural and dynamical responses. Here, we carried out MD simulations for full-length chicken and human STING (chSTING and hSTING) proteins. Specifically, we investigated ligand-bound closed …

2022 February - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Monthly Report

No abstract provided.

In A Digitally Connected World Through Likes, Hashtags And Followers - Advancing Surgical Research Through A Social Media: A Narrative Review, Sabah Uddin Saqib, Qamar` Riaz, Russell Seth Martins, Amna Riaz, Hasnain Zafar

Department for Educational Development

In this era of modern information technology, the world is now digitally connected through various platforms on social media, which has changed the way medical professionals work, communicate and learn. The use of social media in surgery is expanding, and it is now becoming an essential tool for surgical training, research and networking. Articles, journal clubs and surgical conferences are within reach of everyone regardless of geographical location worldwide. Electronic publications have now resoundingly replaced printed editions of journals. Collaborative research through social media platforms helps collect diverse data, enhancing the research's global generalisability. The current narrative review was planned …

Phosphorylation Of The Aggregate-Forming Protein Alpha-Synuclein On Serine-129 Inhibits Its Dna-Bending Properties, Sydney E. Dent, Dennisha P. King, Valerie R. Osterberg, Eleanor K. Adams, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Tamily A. Weissman, Vivek K. Unni

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a vertebrate protein, normally found within the presynaptic nerve terminal and nucleus, which is known to form somatic and neuritic aggregates in certain neurodegenerative diseases. Disease-associated aggregates of aSyn are heavily phosphorylated at serine-129 (pSyn), while normal aSyn protein is not. Within the nucleus, aSyn can directly bind DNA, but the mechanism of binding and the potential modulatory roles of phosphorylation are poorly understood. Here we demonstrate using a combination of electrophoretic mobility shift assay and atomic force microscopy approaches that both aSyn and pSyn can bind DNA within the major groove, in a DNA length-dependent manner …

Adverse Reactions In A Phase 1 Trial Of The Anti-Malarial Dm1157: An Example Of Pharmacokinetic Modeling And Simulation Guiding Clinical Trial Decisions, Stephen J. Balevic, Shruti M. Raja, Rachel Randall, Gregory A. Deye, Thomas Conrad, Aya Nakamura, David H. Peyton, Sandra Shotwell, Katherine May Liebman, Multiple Additional Authors

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: There is an urgent need to develop new drugs to treat malaria due to increasing resistance to first-line therapeutics targeting the causative organism, Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). One drug candidate is DM1157, a small molecule that inhibits the formation of hemozoin, which protects P. falciparum from heme toxicity. We describe a first-in-human, phase 1 trial of DM1157 in healthy adult volunteers that was halted early because of significant toxicity.

Methods: Adverse events were summarized using descriptive statistics. We used pharmacokinetic modeling to quantitatively assess whether the DM1157 exposure needed for P. falciparum inhibition was achievable at safe doses.

Results: …

Permissioned Blockchain Based Remote Electronic Examination, Öznur Kalkar, İsa Sertkaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Recent coronavirus pandemic transformed almost all aspects of daily life including educational institutions and learning environments. As a result, this transformation brought remote electronic examination (shortly e-exam) concepts back into consideration. In this study, we revisit secure and privacy preserving e-exam protocol proposals and propose an e-exam protocol that utilizes decentralized identity-based verifiable credentials for proof of authentication and public-permissioned blockchain for immutably storing records. In regard to the previously proposed e-exam schemes, our scheme offers both privacy enhancement and better efficiency. More concretely, the proposed solution satisfies test answer authentication, examiner authentication, anonymous marking, anonymous examiner, question secrecy, question …

Blocksim-Net: A Network-Based Blockchain Simulator, Prashanthi Ramachandran, Nandini Agrawal, Osman Bi̇çer, Alpteki̇n Küpçü

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Since its proposal by Eyal and Sirer (CACM '13), selfish mining attacks on proof-of-work blockchains have been studied extensively. The main body of this research aims at both studying the extent of its impact and defending against it. Yet, before any practical defense is deployed in a real world blockchain system, it needs to be tested for security and dependability. However, real blockchain systems are too complex to conduct any test on or benchmark the developed protocols. Instead, some simulation environments have been proposed recently, such as BlockSim (Maher et al., SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev. '19), which is a modular …

Performance Analysis Of Lightweight Internet Of Things Devices On Blockchainnetworks, Cem Kösemen, Gökhan Dalkiliç, Şafak Öksüzer

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Potential integration or cooperation of the Internet of things (IoT) systems and the blockchain technology is nowadays attracting remarkable interest from the researchers. These inter-operating systems often have to rely on lowcost, low-power, and robust IoT devices that can communicate with the blockchain network through smart contracts. In this work, we designed and ran a benchmark study for ESP32-based lightweight IoT devices interacting within the Quorum blockchain. A software library was built for ESP32 devices to enable elliptic-curve digital signing, Keccak-256 hashing, decoding, encoding, and secure private key generation capabilities, which all are the basic functional requirements for running a …