Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Experiment 1.01: Measurement, Diego Castano, Victor Castro

Physics Lab Experiments with Simulated Data for Remote Delivery

Introduction to measurement/data analysis; measurements of an aluminum cylinder and cuboid are used to determine their densities.

Experiment 1.10: Standing Waves On Strings, Diego Castano

Physics Lab Experiments with Simulated Data for Remote Delivery

The fourth harmonic of a vibrating string is used to determine the acceleration due to gravity.

Experiment 1.09: The Simple Pendulum, Diego Castano

Physics Lab Experiments with Simulated Data for Remote Delivery

A simple pendulum is used to determine the acceleration due to gravity.

A Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory For Nebraska: Livestock And Coal Loom Large, Eric R. Holley, Adam Liska

Adam Liska Papers

Mitigation of climate change requires the systematic identification and cataloging of emissions sources at city, state, and national levels. In this study, an inventory of annual greenhouse gas emissions from the state of Nebraska was created based on industry data, and emissions inventories were completed each year from 1990 to 2016. Nebraska’s net emissions were found to increase from 56.2 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (MMtCO₂e) in 1990 to 87.4 MMtCO₂e in 2016. Agriculture was found to be the sector with the most emissions (36 MMtCO₂e) followed by electricity generation (21 MMtCO …

Tunneling Magnetoresistance In Noncollinear Antiferromagnetic Tunnel Junctions, J. Dong, X. Li, G. Gurung, M. Zhu, P. Zhang, F. Zheng, E. Y. Tsymbal, J. Zhang

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) spintronics has emerged as a subfield of spintronics driven by the advantages of antiferromagnets producing no stray fields and exhibiting ultrafast magnetization dynamics. The efficient method to detect an AFM order parameter, known as the Néel vector, by electric means is critical to realize concepts of AFM spintronics. Here, we demonstrate that noncollinear AFM metals, such as Mn₃Sn, exhibit a momentum dependent spin polarization which can be exploited in AFM tunnel junctions to detect the Néel vector. Using first-principles calculations, we predict a tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect as high as 300% in AFM tunnel junctions with …

Tilted Spin Current Generated By The Collinear Antiferromagnet Ruo2, A. Bose, N. J. Schreiber, R. Jain, D.-F. Shao, H. P. Nair, J. Sun, X. S. Zhang, D. A. Muller, D. A. Muller, E. Y. Tsymbal, D. G. Schlom, D. C. Ralph

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

No abstract provided.

Direct Observation Of Ferroelectric Switching In Two-Dimensional Mos2, A. Lipatov, P. Chaudhary, Z. Guan, H. Lu, G. Li, O. Crégut, K. D. Dorkenoo, R. Proksch, D.-F. Shao, E. Y. Tsymbal, J. Íñiguez, A. Sinitskii, A. Gruverman

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

No abstract provided.

Ferroelectric Control Of Magnetic Skyrmions In Two-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures, K. Huang, D.-F. Shao, E. Y. Tsymbal

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

No abstract provided.

Electronic Reconstruction At The Polar (111)-Oriented Oxide Interface, S. Ryu, H. Zhou, T. R. Paudel, N. Campbell, J. Podkaminer, C. W. Bark, T. Hernandez, D. D. Fong, Y. Zhang, L. Xie, X. Q. Pan, E. Y. Tsymbal, M. S. Rzchowski, And C. B. Eom

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

No abstract provided.

An Assessment Of Geographic And Taxonomic Biases In Research On Climate Change-Related Range Shifts, Evan J. Parker

Library Map Prize

Geographic and taxonomic biases in ecological literature inhibit the ability of research to be generalized or translated to other systems. This is particularly true with research on climate change-related range shifts, where a diverse and representative set of observations is needed to understand the significant heterogeneity of range shifts and improve models. A literature review was conducted and biases were assessed by examining the geographic location of study areas, the taxonomic makeup of study species, and the location of study areas within species ranges. A substantial geographic skew towards terrestrial, mid-latitude North America and Europe was observed. However, taxonomic coverage …

Synthesis Of Molybdenum Containing Thin Films Using Organic Reducing Agents And Synthesis Of Magnesium Silyl Intermediate Complexes For Use In Atomic Layer Deposition, Michael David Overbeek

Wayne State University Dissertations

Thin films of a variety of materials have shown great potential in the fields of microelectronics, catalysis, and energy applications. Vapor deposition methods, including PVD and CVD, have been traditionally used as the primary method to deposit these thin films. However, these methods do not provide the necessary thickness uniformity and conformality needed for future uses of these thin films as they shrink to smaller dimensions. ALD provides a high degree of uniformity and conformality due to the intrinsic nature of the self-limited reaction mechanism of an ALD process.

The research herein focuses on two metals that have untapped potential …

The Development Of Fundamental Insights Into The Electronic Behaviors Of Next-Generation Materials, Sydney Lavan

Wayne State University Dissertations

We develop the fundamental mechanistic understanding of the microscopic behavior of three next generation materials: antiferroelectrics, hybrid perovskites and metal organic frameworks. These materials have the potential to be used in energy and light related applications which could provide a solution for the energy efficiency challenges we face in todays society. Ideally we need to begin to bridge the gap of developing candidate materials that possess high power density and high energy density. The first step in bridging this gap is understanding how the material influ- ences its structure and thus the properties and performance. We leverage vibrational spectroscopy and …

Lepton Flavor Violation And Effective Field Theories, Renae Conlin

Wayne State University Dissertations

The Standard Model is believed to be a low energy effective theory of some completetheory at higher energies. This is already evidenced in the observation of neutrino oscillations. Standard Model processes conserve the lepton flavor quantum numbers. Adding massive neutrinos to the Standard Model, the branching ratios of lepton flavor violating processes are found to be incredibly small. For example, a process μ → eγ has a branching ratio order ∼ 10^−54. These tiny branching ratios of lepton flavor violating processes indicate that they are especially clean areas to look for beyond the Standard Model physics. Any observed flavor violation …

Segmentation Of Intracranial Structures From Noncontrast Ct Images With Deep Learning, Evan Porter

Wayne State University Dissertations

Presented in this work is an investigation of the application of artificially intelligent algorithms, namely deep learning, to generate segmentations for the application in functional avoidance radiotherapy treatment planning. Specific applications of deep learning for functional avoidance include generating hippocampus segmentations from computed tomography (CT) images and generating synthetic pulmonary perfusion images from four-dimensional CT (4DCT).A single institution dataset of 390 patients treated with Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery was created. From these patients, the hippocampus was manually segmented on the high-resolution MR image and used for the development of the data processing methodology and model testing. It was determined that …

Development Of New Photochemical Tools For Applications In Cancer Research And Enzymatic Signaling, Nicholas Paul Toupin

Wayne State University Dissertations

Photochemical tools empower researchers to act with precision and control over the cellular environment through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), targeted drug delivery, and modulation of enzymatic activity. These molecular tools use light as a readily available, biorthogonal reagent for initiating advantageous light-activated reactions. Using light in this way allows researchers to affect the cellular environment in specific ways with high spatio-temporal control. This dissertation focuses on expanding the applications of, mostly Ru(II)-based, photoactivated chemicals. Complexes of this type are able to act as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT), as photocages (PCT), or as dual-action compounds capable of both …

Correlations And Dynamic Fluctuations In High Energy Collisions, Zoulfekar Mazloum

Wayne State University Dissertations

Is thermalization necessary for hydrodynamic flow in nuclear collisions? The discovery of flow-like azimuthal correlations in pA and high-multiplicity pp collisions raises profound questions about the onset of collective flow and its relation to hydrodynamics. We seek independent experimental information on the degree of thermalization in order to identify those hydrodynamic collision systems in which flow is sensitive to equilibrium QCD properties. We aim to develop a protocol for identifying the degree of thermalization using a combination of momentum and multiplicity correlation. To study the effect ofthermalization on these correlations, we use Boltzmann equation in the relaxation time approximation with …

Photophysics Of Metalloporphyrins Strongly Coupled To Cavity Photons, Aleksandr Avramenko

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation will discuss the photophysics of metalloporphyrins, mainly CuTPP, ZnTPP, and H2TPP under strong light-matter coupling conditions. Strong light-matter coupling was achieved by embedding the previously mentioned chromophores into a spun coated PMMA polymer coating which is then incorporated as a spacer layer in a FabryPérot nano-cavity. The cavity thickness is chosen so that the cavity photon is of similar energy as the B, or Soret transition (2nd excited state) of the porphyrin molecule. The exchange of energy between the cavity photon and the molecular mode leads to the formation of polariton states.

Increasing the concentration of the molecules …

Kinase-Catalyzed Labeling To Identify Kinase-Substrate Pairs Using Γ-Phosphate Modified Atp Analogs, Rachel Beltman

Wayne State University Dissertations

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are responsible for a variety of cellular processes. One such PTM is protein phosphorylation, which is catalyzed by kinases. Kinase enzymes play important roles in cellular signaling pathways, but dysregulation of kinase-mediated events results in the formation of diseases, which make kinases favorable drug targets. To uncover the role kinases play in the development of diseases, kinase-mediated cellular events need to be better understood. The current gap in the field is the lack of tools available to identify the kinase that is responsible for specific phosphorylation events within the cell. To improve the gap in the field, …

Study Of Zyomogen Granule Movement Along Actin Filaments Using A Single Beam Optical Trap, Justin James Raupp

Wayne State University Dissertations

Zymogen granules are enzymatic vesicles in the pancreas. The surface of these zymogen granules (ZGs) has several different kinds of myosin molecules, such as myosin 1c, 6, 5c, and 7b. These molecular motors may contribute to ZG transportation in cells. To understand the molecular motors involved in the vesicle trafficking, we observed the in vitro motility of purified ZGs from rat pancreas and examined the stepping behavior and force that is generated using a single beam optical trap. To be involved in trafficking, molecular motors have certain characteristics, a high duty ratio and the ability to move continuously along actin …

A C0 Finite Element Method For The Biharmonic Problem In A Polygonal Domain, Charuka Dilhara Wickramasinghe

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation studies the biharmonic equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions in a polygonal domain. The biharmonic problem appears in various real-world applications, for example in plate problems, human face recognition, radar imaging, and hydrodynamics problems. There are three classical approaches to discretizing the biharmonic equation in the literature: conforming finite element methods, nonconforming finite element methods, and mixed finite element methods. We propose a mixed finite element method that effectively decouples the fourth-order problem into a system of one steady-state Stokes equation and one Poisson equation. As a generalization to the above-decoupled formulation, we propose another decoupled formulation using a …

Computational Single-Cell Analysis Of Confocal Fluorescence Images With Dapi-Generated Masks, Munirah Alduhailan

Wayne State University Theses

Lipolysis is a metabolic pathway in which free fatty acids are mobilized from stored triglycerides. The rate-limiting enzyme in this process is adipose triglyceride lipase, which is regulated by α/β-hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5) via both natural and synthetic pathways. With advanced artificial neural networks, image processing methods can extract quantitative results from fluorescence images. The segmentation of complex biological images, in which regions of the image are labeled as distinct masks, is the first step in image analysis. Ilastik, a machine-learning software, performs image segmentation with a user-trained neural network and custom key feature labels. The software’s results are …

Defending Against Adversarial Attacks On Medical Imaging Ai Systems, Xin Li

Wayne State University Theses

Although deep learning systems trained on medical images have shown state-of-the-art performance in many clinical prediction tasks, recent studies demonstrate that these systems can be fooled by carefully crafted adversarial images. It has raised concerns on the practical deployment of deep learning based medical image classification systems. Although an array of defense techniques have been developed and proved to be effective in computer vision, defending against adversarial attacks on medical images remains largely an uncharted territory due to their unique challenges: crafted adversarial noises added to a highly standardized medical image can make it a hard sample for model to …

Natural Resource Management Newsletter, January 2022, Department Of Natural Resource Management

NRM Newsletter

CAFES Awards: Teacher of the Year & Student Club Honorable Mention 2021
NRM Affiliate Professor Receives Fulbright to Norway
Service Awards
Elisha YT Summer Internship
Deva Raj Khanal 2021 ASPT Research Award
Gary Larson Memorial Burr Oak at Dakota Nature Park in Brookings
Oak Lake Field Station Jon Haertel Undergraduate Research Award
Undergraduate Research, Scholarship and Creative Activity Day (URSCAD)
Seven Wokini Challenge Grants Awarded for FY 2022 - Lan Xu
Fire School at Oak Lake Field Station
USDA project to produce wildflower seeds, improve soil health
Pollinators in an Agricultural Context
Welcome new faculty members: Alison, Chris, Amanda & …

Pronounced Increases In Nitrogen Emissions And Deposition Due To The Historic 2020 Wildfires In The Western U.S., Patrick C. Campbell, Daniel Tong, Rick Saylor, Yunyao Lii, Siqi Ma, Xiaoyang Zhang, Shoba Kondragunta, Fangjun Li

GSCE Faculty Publications

Wildfire outbreaks can lead to extreme biomass burning (BB) emissions of both oxidized (e.g., nitrogen oxides; NOx= NO+NO2) and reduced form(e.g., ammonia; NH3) nitrogen (N) compounds. High N emissions aremajor concerns for air quality, atmospheric deposition, and consequential human and ecosystemhealth impacts. In this study, we use both satellite-based observations and modeling results to quantify the contribution of BB to the total emissions, and approximate the impact on total N deposition in the western U.S. Our results show that during the 2020 wildfire season of August–October, BB contributes significantly to the total emissions, with a satellite-derived fraction of NH3 to …

Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Models For Hiv Viral Load Trajectories Before And After Antiretroviral Therapy Interruption, Incorporating Left Censoring, Sihaoyu Gao, Lang Wu, Tingting Yu, Roger Kouyos, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Rui Wang

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Characterizing features of the viral rebound trajectories and identifying host, virological, and immunological factors that are predictive of the viral rebound trajectories are central to HIV cure research. In this paper, we investigate if key features of HIV viral decay and CD4 trajectories during antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with characteristics of HIV viral rebound following ART interruption. Nonlinear mixed effect (NLME) models are used to model viral load trajectories before and following ART interruption, incorporating left censoring due to lower detection limits of viral load assays. A stochastic approximation EM (SAEM) algorithm is used for parameter estimation and inference. …

Normality Properties Of Composition Matricies, Hallie Kaiser, Katy O'Malley, Grace Weeks

Mathematics Student Projects

We explore two main concepts in relation to truncated composition matrices: the conditions required for the binormal and commutative properties. Both of these topics are important in linear algebra due to their connection with diagonalization. We begin with the normal solution before moving onto the more complex binormal solutions. Then we cover conditions for the composition matrix to commute with a general matrix. Finally, we end with ongoing questions for future work.

Envisage Planner Archive, Tim Swanson

Computer Science & Engineering Student Projects

Envisage Planner is a web application designed to help students with all areas of academic planning. The developer started working on it several years ago (2020), and for the CS Senior project, he and several other CS students developed an update to it.

New Worlds Vr, Mitchell Toth, Wilson Secaur

Computer Science & Engineering Student Projects

Over the month of January, 2022, the developers built a 3D Virtual Reality (VR) game as part of the "New Worlds" engineering class project. New Worlds is a single-axis treadmill system designed for integration with VR. The goal is to immerse the user in a virtual world while walking on a physical track. As the engineers worked hard on the treadmill, the developers' task was to create this immersive VR world from scratch. They learned the necessary tools, decided on a theme, and built a cave featuring intense lighting, tunnels and caverns, and interactive elements that encourage single-axis exploration. They …

Swosu Research And Scholarly Activity Fair 2022, Swosu Office Of Sponsored Programs

SWOSU Research and Scholarly Activity Fair Programs

On behalf of Southwestern Oklahoma State University, welcome to the Thirtieth Research and Scholarly Activity Fair! We are proud to host students and faculty from universities and community colleges from across the state at this meeting of scholars. Research and scholarly activity ranging from Business Administration, Education and Professional Studies, Fine Arts and Design, Liberal Arts, and Mathematics and Science.
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Sincerely, SWOSU Office of Sponsored Programs and URSAC

Why People Tend To Overestimate Joint Probabilities, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

It is known that, in general, people overestimate the probabilities of joint events. In this paper, we provide an explanation for this phenomenon -- as explanation based on Laplace Indeterminacy Principle and Maximum Entropy approach.