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Articles 38671 - 38700 of 302419
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Defining Entanglement Without Tensor Factoring: A Euclidean Hourglass Prescription, Takanori Anegawa, Norihiro Iizuka, Daniel Kabat
Defining Entanglement Without Tensor Factoring: A Euclidean Hourglass Prescription, Takanori Anegawa, Norihiro Iizuka, Daniel Kabat
Publications and Research
We consider entanglement across a planar boundary in flat space. Entanglement entropy is usually thought of as the von Neumann entropy of a reduced density matrix, but it can also be thought of as half the von Neumann entropy of a product of reduced density matrices on the left and right. The latter form allows a natural regulator in which two cones are smoothed into a Euclidean hourglass geometry. Since there is no need to tensor factor the Hilbert space, the regulated entropy is manifestly gauge invariant and has a manifest state-counting interpretation. We explore this prescription for scalar fields, …
Two-Loop Four-Fermion Scattering Amplitude In Qed, R. Bonciani, A. Broggio, S. Di Vita, A. Ferroglia, M. K. Mandal, P. Mastrolia, L. Mattiazzi, A. Primo, J. Ronca, U. Schubert, W. J. Torres Bobadilla, F. Tramontano
Two-Loop Four-Fermion Scattering Amplitude In Qed, R. Bonciani, A. Broggio, S. Di Vita, A. Ferroglia, M. K. Mandal, P. Mastrolia, L. Mattiazzi, A. Primo, J. Ronca, U. Schubert, W. J. Torres Bobadilla, F. Tramontano
Publications and Research
We present the first fully analytic evaluation of the transition amplitude for the scattering of a massless into a massive pair of fermions at the two-loop level in quantum electrodynamics. Our result is an essential ingredient for the determination of the electromagnetic coupling within scattering reactions, beyond the currently known accuracy, which has a crucial impact on the evaluation of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. It will allow, in particular, for a precise determination of the leading hadronic contribution to the (g − 2)μ in the MUonE experiment at CERN, and therefore can be used to …
Landslide Inventory Dataset Post Hurricane Stan (2005), Lake Atitlan Region, Guatemala, Elia Axinia Machado, Yuri Gorokhovich, Mahta Ghahremani
Landslide Inventory Dataset Post Hurricane Stan (2005), Lake Atitlan Region, Guatemala, Elia Axinia Machado, Yuri Gorokhovich, Mahta Ghahremani
Publications and Research
Landslides are a global hazard of devastating impacts resulting in thousands of fatalities every year, substantial economic losses, and long-term economic disruption. Examining the frequency and distribution of landslides is important to better understand their associated factors and to identify where future landslides may occur. The dataset described in this article consists of landslides digitized as polygons using high resolution aerial photography collected after Hurricane Stan (October 2005), which caused severe damages in Central America. In Guatemala, the total economic impact of Hurricane Stan has been estimated at US$983 Million dollars, with 719,000 ha of land lost due to flooding, …
Spin(7) Orientifolds And 2d N = (0, 1) Triality, Sebastían Franco, Alessandro Mininno, Ángel M. Uranga, Xingyang Yu
Spin(7) Orientifolds And 2d N = (0, 1) Triality, Sebastían Franco, Alessandro Mininno, Ángel M. Uranga, Xingyang Yu
Publications and Research
We present a new, geometric perspective on the recently proposed triality of 2d N = (0, 1) gauge theories, based on its engineering in terms of D1-branes probing Spin(7) orientifolds. In this context, triality translates into the fact that multiple gauge theories correspond to the same underlying orientifold. We show how Spin(7) orientifolds based on a particular involution, which we call the universal involution, give rise to precisely the original version of N = (0, 1) triality. Interestingly, our work also shows that the space of possibilities is significantly richer. Indeed, general Spin(7) orientifolds extend triality to theories that can …
Fano 3-Folds, Reflexive Polytopes And Brane Brick Models, Sebastían Franco, Rak-Kyeong Seong
Fano 3-Folds, Reflexive Polytopes And Brane Brick Models, Sebastían Franco, Rak-Kyeong Seong
Publications and Research
Reflexive polytopes in n dimensions have attracted much attention both in mathematics and theoretical physics due to their connection to Fano n-folds and mirror symmetry. This work focuses on the 18 regular reflexive polytopes corresponding to smooth Fano 3-folds. For the first time, we show that all 18 regular reflexive polytopes have corresponding 2d (0, 2) gauge theories realized by brane brick models. These 2d gauge theories can be considered as the worldvolume theories of D1-branes probing the toric Calabi-Yau 4-singularities whose toric diagrams are given by the associated regular reflexive polytopes. The generators of the mesonic moduli …
Magnetoexcitons In Phosphorene Monolayers, Bilayers, And Van Der Waals Heterostructures, Roman Ya. Kezerashvili, Anastasia Spiridonova, Andrew Dublin
Magnetoexcitons In Phosphorene Monolayers, Bilayers, And Van Der Waals Heterostructures, Roman Ya. Kezerashvili, Anastasia Spiridonova, Andrew Dublin
Publications and Research
We study direct and indirect excitons in Rydberg states in phosphorene monolayers, bilayers, and van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure in an external magnetic field within the framework of the effective-mass approximation. The magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the monolayer or heterostructure and is varied between 0 and 60 T. Binding energies of magnetoexcitons are calculated by numerical integration of the Schrödinger equation using the Rytova-Keldysh potential for direct magnetoexcitons and both the Rytova-Keldysh and Coulomb potentials for indirect magnetoexcitons. The latter aids in the understanding of the role of screening in phosphorene. We report the magnetic field energy contribution …
A Framework For Near-Real Time Monitoring Of Diversity Patterns Based On Indirect Remote Sensing, With An Application In The Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, Andrea Paz, Thiago S. Silva, Ana C. Carnaval
A Framework For Near-Real Time Monitoring Of Diversity Patterns Based On Indirect Remote Sensing, With An Application In The Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, Andrea Paz, Thiago S. Silva, Ana C. Carnaval
Publications and Research
Monitoring biodiversity change is key to effective conservation policy. While it is difficult to establish in situ biodiversity monitoring programs at broad geographical scales, remote sensing advances allow for near-real time Earth observations that may help with this goal. We combine periodical and freely available remote sensing information describing temperature and precipitation with curated biological information from several groups of animals and plants in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest to design an indirect remote sensing framework that monitors potential loss and gain of biodiversity in near-real time. Using data from biological collections and information from repeated field inventories, we demonstrate that …
A Template Method To Measure The $T \Bar T$ Polarisation, J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, M. C. N. Fiolhais, P. Martín-Ramiro, J. M. Moreno, António Onofre
A Template Method To Measure The $T \Bar T$ Polarisation, J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra, M. C. N. Fiolhais, P. Martín-Ramiro, J. M. Moreno, António Onofre
Publications and Research
We develop a template method for the measurement of the polarisation of $t \bar t$ pairs produced in hadron collisions. The method would allow to extract the individual fractions of $t_L \bar t_L$, $t_R \bar t_R$, $t_L \bar t_R$ and $t_R \bar t_L$ pairs with a fit to data, where L, R refer to the polarisation along any axis. These polarisation fractions have not been independently measured at present. Secondarily, the method also provides the net polarisation of t and $\bar t$, as well as their spin correlation for arbitrary axes.
2d N = (0, 1) Gauge Theories And Spin(7) Orientifolds, Sebastían Franco, Alessandro Mininno, Ángel M. Uranga, Xingyang Yu
2d N = (0, 1) Gauge Theories And Spin(7) Orientifolds, Sebastían Franco, Alessandro Mininno, Ángel M. Uranga, Xingyang Yu
Publications and Research
We initiate the geometric engineering of 2d N = (0, 1) gauge theories on D1-branes probing singularities. To do so, we introduce a new class of backgrounds obtained as quotients of Calabi-Yau 4-folds by a combination of an anti-holomorphic involution leading to a Spin(7) cone and worldsheet parity. We refer to such constructions as Spin(7) orientifolds. Spin(7) orientifolds explicitly realize the perspective on 2d N = (0, 1) theories as real slices of N = (0, 2) ones. Remarkably, this projection is geometrically realized as Joyce’s construction of Spin(7) manifolds via quotients of Calabi-Yau 4-folds by antiholomorphic …
An Approach For Material Model Identification Of A Composite Coating Using Micro-Indentation And Multi-Scale Simulations, Pouya Shojaei, Riccardo Scazzosi, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan O’Toole, Marco Giglio, Xing Zhang, Yiliang Liao, Andrea Manes
An Approach For Material Model Identification Of A Composite Coating Using Micro-Indentation And Multi-Scale Simulations, Pouya Shojaei, Riccardo Scazzosi, Mohamed Trabia, Brendan O’Toole, Marco Giglio, Xing Zhang, Yiliang Liao, Andrea Manes
Mechanical Engineering Faculty Research
While deposited thin film coatings can help enhance surface characteristics such as hardness and friction, their effective incorporation in product design is restricted by the limited understand-ing of their mechanical behavior. To address this, an approach combining micro-indentation and meso/micro-scale simulations was proposed. In this approach, micro-indentation testing was conducted on both the coating and the substrate. A meso-scale uniaxial compression finite element model was developed to obtain a material model of the coating. This material model was incorporated within an axisymmetric micro-scale model of the coating to simulate the indentation. The proposed approach was applied to a Ti/SiC metal …
Human Leukocyte Antigen Distributions Do Not Share A Copula Across Sub-Populations, Daniel Schellhas, Robert C. Green Ii
Human Leukocyte Antigen Distributions Do Not Share A Copula Across Sub-Populations, Daniel Schellhas, Robert C. Green Ii
Computer Science Faculty Publications
The distribution of human leukocyte antigens in the population assists in matching solid organ donors and recipients when the typing methods used do not provide sufficiently precise information. This is made possible by linkage disequilibrium (LD), where alleles co-occur more often than random chance would suggest. There is a trade-off between the high bias and low variance of a broad sample from the population and the low bias but high variance of a focused sample. Some of this trade-off could be alleviated if subpopulations shared LD despite having different allele frequencies. These experiments show that Bayesian estimation can balance bias …
A Comparison Of The Oxidative Addition Chemistry Of Tetrathiocins To P- And D- Block Elements, Lara Watanabe
A Comparison Of The Oxidative Addition Chemistry Of Tetrathiocins To P- And D- Block Elements, Lara Watanabe
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis describes the oxidative addition of 1,2,5,6-tetrathiocins to low valent transition metals and p-block elements. Chapter 1 provides a literature review of tetrathiocin reactivity and the related dithiete chemistry for both the p- and d-block elements. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis of a library of tetrathiocins used extensively through the rest of this thesis alongside the synthesis of a series of group 10 dithiolate complexes through the oxidative addition of tetrathiocins to M2dba3 (M = Pd or Pt) in the presence of the chelating phosphines dppe and dppf to generate complexes of general formula M(dt)(dppe) and M(dt)(dppf) [M = …
A Framework For And Design Of A Smart Academic Building Using Sensors, Citizen Participation, And Volunteered Geographic Information, Neelam Raigangar
A Framework For And Design Of A Smart Academic Building Using Sensors, Citizen Participation, And Volunteered Geographic Information, Neelam Raigangar
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Population growth and migration patterns have shown an influx of residents from rural to urban environments. To deal with the problems caused by unprecedented urban influx, cities should plan to use technology in a smart and distinctive way. Tackling at the city scale is hard. But a set of smart buildings that are interconnected by technology will lead to smarter communities which are then interconnected to create a smart city. Smart lobby, building, community, or city is distinguished by its application of integrated software, hardware, and network technologies, along with access to real-time data enabling decision-making, facilitating tracing, tracking and …
An Exponential Formula For Random Variables Generated By Multiple Brownian Motions, Maximilian Lawrence Baroi
An Exponential Formula For Random Variables Generated By Multiple Brownian Motions, Maximilian Lawrence Baroi
CGU Theses & Dissertations
The frozen operator has been used to develop Dyson-series like representations for random variables generated by classical Brownian motion, Lévy processes and fractional Brownian with Hurst index greater than 1/2.The relationship between the conditional expectation of a random variable (or fractional conditional expectation in the case of fractional Brownian motion)and that variable's Dyson-series like representation is the exponential formula. These results had not yet been extended to either fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index less than 1/2, or d-dimensional Brownian motion. The former is still out of reach, but we hope our review of stochastic integration for fractional Brownian motion …
Data-Driven Methods For Low-Energy Nuclear Theory, Jordan M.R. Fox
Data-Driven Methods For Low-Energy Nuclear Theory, Jordan M.R. Fox
CGU Theses & Dissertations
The term data-driven describes computational methods for numerical problem solvingwhich have been developed by the field of data science; these are at the intersection of computer science,mathematics, and statistics. When applied to a domain science like nuclear physics, especially with the goalof deepening scientific insight, data-driven methods form a core pillar of the computational science endeavor.In this dissertation I explore two problems related to theoretical nuclear physics: one in the framework of numerical statistics, and the other in the framework of machine learning. I) Historically our understanding of the structure of the atomic nucleus, the quantum many-body problem, has been …
On Multiplication Groups Of Quasigroups, Ahmed Al Fares
On Multiplication Groups Of Quasigroups, Ahmed Al Fares
CGU Theses & Dissertations
Quasigroups are algebraic structures in which divisibility is always defined. In this thesis we investigate quasigroups using a group-theoretic approach. We first construct a family of quasigroups which behave in a group-like fashion. We then focus on the multiplication groups of quasigroups, which have first appeared in the work of A. A. Albert. These permutation groups allow us to study quasigroups using group theory. We also explore how certain natural operations on quasigroups affect the associated multiplication groups. Along the way we take the time and special care to pose specific questions that may lead to further work in the …
Global In Time Self-Interacting Dirac Fields In The De Sitter Space, Karen Yagdjian
Global In Time Self-Interacting Dirac Fields In The De Sitter Space, Karen Yagdjian
School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
In this paper the semilinear equation of the spin-12 fields in the de Sitter space is investigated. We prove the existence of the global in time small data solution in the expanding de Sitter universe. Then, under the Lochak–Majorana condition, we prove the existence of the global in time solution with large data. The sufficient conditions for the solutions to blow up in finite time are given for large data in the expanding and contracting de Sitter spacetimes. The influence of the Hubble constant on the lifespan is estimated.
Perspectives On Determinism In Quantum Mechanics: Born, Bohm, And The 'Quantal Newtonian' Laws, Viraht Sahni
Perspectives On Determinism In Quantum Mechanics: Born, Bohm, And The 'Quantal Newtonian' Laws, Viraht Sahni
Publications and Research
Quantum mechanics has a deterministic Schrödinger equation for the wave function. The Göttingen-Copenhagen statistical interpretation is based on the Born Rule that interprets the wave function as a ‘probability amplitude’. A precept of this interpretation is the lack of determinism in quantum mechanics. The Bohm interpretation is that the wave function is a source of a field experienced by the electrons, thereby attributing determinism to quantum theory. In this paper we present a new perspective on such determinism. The ideas are based on the equations of motion or ‘Quantal Newtonian’ Laws obeyed by each electron. These Laws, derived from the …
An Effective Model For The Iris Regional Characteristics Andclassification Using Deep Learning Alex Network, Thiyaneswaran Balashanmugam, Kumarganesh Sengottaiyan, Martin Sagayam Kulandairaj, Helen Dang
An Effective Model For The Iris Regional Characteristics Andclassification Using Deep Learning Alex Network, Thiyaneswaran Balashanmugam, Kumarganesh Sengottaiyan, Martin Sagayam Kulandairaj, Helen Dang
Faculty Works: MCS (1984-2023)
Iris biometrics is one of the fastest-growing technologies, and it has received a lot ofattention from the community. Iris-biometric-based human recognition does not requirecontact with the human body. Iris is a combination of crypts, wolflin nodules, concen-trated furrows, and pigment spots. The existing methods feed the eye image into deeplearning network which result in improper iris features and certainly reduce the accuracy.This research study proposes a model to feed preprocessed accurate iris boundary intoAlexnet deep learning neural network-based system for classification. The pupil centre andboundary are initially recorded and identified from the given eye images. The iris boundaryand the centre …
Drivers’ Response To Scenarios When Driving Connected And Automated Vehicles Compared To Vehicles With And Without Driver Assist Technology, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha, Raghuveer Gouribhatla
Drivers’ Response To Scenarios When Driving Connected And Automated Vehicles Compared To Vehicles With And Without Driver Assist Technology, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha, Raghuveer Gouribhatla
Mineta Transportation Institute
Traffic related crashes cause more than 38,000 fatalities every year in the United States. They are the leading cause of death among drivers up to 54 years in age and incur $871 million in losses each year. Driver errors contribute to about 94% of these crashes. In response, automotive companies have been developing vehicles with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) that aid in various driving tasks. These features are aimed at enhancing safety by either warning drivers of a potential hazard or picking up certain driving maneuvers like maintaining the lane. These features are already part of vehicles with Driver …
Killer From The Deep!, Tor Mowatt-Larssen
Killer From The Deep!, Tor Mowatt-Larssen
Reports
Grades: 6-12 Subjects: Life Science | Ecology
Explore the deep-sea environment and biological adaptations to living in the deep sea through murder-mystery investigation and graphing activities.
Shifting Sands: Coastal Dunes In Motion, Elizabeth Davis
Shifting Sands: Coastal Dunes In Motion, Elizabeth Davis
Reports
Grades: 5+ Subjects: General Science, Geology, Environmental Science
Students will use “before & after” dune profile graphics to determine how the dune has changed and hypothesize why this change occurred.
From The Subsurface To The Sky: Tracking Groundwater With Drones, Stephanie Wilson
From The Subsurface To The Sky: Tracking Groundwater With Drones, Stephanie Wilson
Reports
Grades: High School Subjects: Earth Science | Physical Science
Determining the inputs of nitrogen to coastal waters from drone based radiometric temperature data.
Topics covered:
- Technology and radiometric imagery
- Drones in science
- Groundwater
- Nutrients / pollutants
- Water cycle/ Watersheds
How Resilient Is It? The Resilience Quotient Zoning Ordinance, Qiong Wang, Yao Wang
How Resilient Is It? The Resilience Quotient Zoning Ordinance, Qiong Wang, Yao Wang
Reports
Grades: 9-12 Subjects: Environmental Science, Earth Science, Oceanography
The Resilience Quotient (RQ) system uses zoning ordinance to address coastal resilience development issues in the city of Norfolk, Virginia. This lesson plan goes through key resilience concepts and its strategies that can promote flood risk reduction, stormwater management, and energy resilience. The activity provides several scenarios to help students understand, simulate, visualize, discuss, and practice how the Resilience Quotient works for coastal developments in the city.
Merk Obat Kencing Nanah Pada Pria Di Apotik Resep Dokter Kelamin, Riza Rihanna
Merk Obat Kencing Nanah Pada Pria Di Apotik Resep Dokter Kelamin, Riza Rihanna
Riza Rihanna
Exposing And Fixing Causes Of Inconsistency And Nondeterminism In Clustering Implementations, Xin Yin
Exposing And Fixing Causes Of Inconsistency And Nondeterminism In Clustering Implementations, Xin Yin
Dissertations
Cluster analysis aka Clustering is used in myriad applications, including high-stakes domains, by millions of users. Clustering users should be able to assume that clustering implementations are correct, reliable, and for a given algorithm, interchangeable. Based on observations in a wide-range of real-world clustering implementations, this dissertation challenges the aforementioned assumptions.
This dissertation introduces an approach named SmokeOut that uses differential clustering to show that clustering implementations suffer from nondeterminism and inconsistency: on a given input dataset and using a given clustering algorithm, clustering outcomes and accuracy vary widely between (1) successive runs of the same toolkit, i.e., nondeterminism, and …
Model Checks For Two-Sample Location-Scale, Atefeh Javidialsaadi
Model Checks For Two-Sample Location-Scale, Atefeh Javidialsaadi
Dissertations
Two-sample location-scale refers to a model that permits a pair of standardized random variables to have a common distribution. This means that if X1 and X2 are two random variables with means µ1 and µ2 and standard deviations ?1 and ?2, then (X1 - µ1)/?1 and (X2 - µ2)/?2 have some common unspecified standard or base distribution F0. Function-based hypothesis testing for these models refers to formal tests that would help determine whether or not two samples may have come from some location-scale …
On Performance Optimization And Prediction Of Parallel Computing Frameworks In Big Data Systems, Haifa Alquwaiee
On Performance Optimization And Prediction Of Parallel Computing Frameworks In Big Data Systems, Haifa Alquwaiee
Dissertations
A wide spectrum of big data applications in science, engineering, and industry generate large datasets, which must be managed and processed in a timely and reliable manner for knowledge discovery. These tasks are now commonly executed in big data computing systems exemplified by Hadoop based on parallel processing and distributed storage and management. For example, many companies and research institutions have developed and deployed big data systems on top of NoSQL databases such as HBase and MongoDB, and parallel computing frameworks such as MapReduce and Spark, to ensure timely data analyses and efficient result delivery for decision making and business …
Coherent Control Of Dispersive Waves, Jimmie Adriazola
Coherent Control Of Dispersive Waves, Jimmie Adriazola
Dissertations
This dissertation addresses some of the various issues which can arise when posing and solving optimization problems constrained by dispersive physics. Considered here are four technologically relevant experiments, each having their own unique challenges and physical settings including ultra-cold quantum fluids trapped by an external field, paraxial light propagation through a gradient index of refraction, light propagation in periodic photonic crystals, and surface gravity water waves over shallow and variable seabeds. In each of these settings, the physics can be modeled by dispersive wave equations, and the technological objective is to design the external trapping fields or propagation media such …
Private And Federated Deep Learning: System, Theory, And Applications For Social Good, Han Hu
Private And Federated Deep Learning: System, Theory, And Applications For Social Good, Han Hu
Dissertations
During the past decade, drug abuse continues to accelerate towards becoming the most severe public health problem in the United States. The ability to detect drugabuse risk behavior at a population scale, such as among the population of Twitter users, can help to monitor the trend of drugabuse incidents. However, traditional methods do not effectively detect drugabuse risk behavior in tweets, mainly due to the sparsity of such tweets and the noisy nature of tweets. In the first part of this dissertation work, the task of classifying tweets as containing drugabuse risk behavior or not, is studied. Millions of public …