Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Draft Final Quarterly Operations And Maintenance Report Butte Treatment Lagoon System – First Quarter 2021., Dave Griffis

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Unreclaimed Sites - Draft Final Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) #2; Unreclaimed Sites Ur-24, Ur-26, And Ur-40. Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou), Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

2021 Btl O&M Events Log, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

2021 Btl O&M Events Log, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Free Three-Dimensional Carborane Carbanions, H.D.A. Zzzchathumal Jayaweera, Md. Mamdudur Rahman, Perry J. Pellechia, Mark D. Smith, Dmitry V. Peryshkov

Faculty Publications

Carbon atom functionalization via generation of carbanions is the cornerstone of carborane chemistry. In this work, we report the synthesis and structural characterization of free ortho-carboranyl [C₂B₁₀H₁₁]⁻, a three-dimensional inorganic analog of the elusive phenyl anion that features a “naked” carbanion center. The first example of a stable, discrete C(H)-deprotonated carborane anion was isolated as a completely separated ion pair with a crown ether-encapsulated potassium cation. An analogous approach led to the isolation and structural characterization of a doubly deprotonated 1,1′-bis(o-carborane) anion [C₂B₁₀H₁₀] …

Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soil, Water And Air Around Ukawu Pb-Zn Mine, Southeastern Nigeria, Nwachukwu Arthur Nwachukwu, Sikakwe Gregory Udie, Eluwa Ndidiamaka Nchedo, Uwa Clementina Ukamaka, Oluwatoyin Oluwatosin Olaosebikan

Makara Journal of Science

In this study, analysis of water, and soil samples, air quality, and noise levels in Ukawu Pb-Zn mine were examined. The pH of the water samples, at 6.7, exceeded permissible levels for potable water established by the National Environmental Standard Regulatory Agency (NESREA), European Union, and World Health Organization (i.e., 7.0-8.5). The soil pH was 5.2, which indicates acidity due to acid mine drainage. Low soil pH is evidence of acid mine drainage. All cations detected in water and soil were below standard limits considered harmful by the NESREA. Measurements of precursor gases, such as O₃, NO_{2 …}

Composition Of Fatty Acids And Squalene Content Of Wild Spinach (Amaranthus Dubius Mart) Seed Oil, Hartati Soetjipto, Mitra Krisdayanti, November Rianto Aminu

Makara Journal of Science

This study aims to determine the yield of wild spinach seed oil obtained by continuous extraction methods using Soxhlet apparatus for 10.5 hours in n-hexane solvent, the physio-chemical properties, and the composition of wild spinach seed oil using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Refinement of wild spinach seed oil was done by degumming and neutralization. The yield of wild spinach seed oil extraction before refinement was 4.36 ± 0.29% (w/w) while after refinement was 0.68 ± 0.033% (w/w). Physio-chemical properties of wild spinach seed oil after refinement was as follows: water content 0.37%; peroxide value 9.5 meq/kg; acid …

Ambient Noise-Based Mapping Of Bedrock Morphology And Potential Fissure Zone In East Tanjung Karang, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia, Vico Luthfi Ipmawan, Ikah Ning Prasetiowati Permanasari, Cahli Suhendi

Makara Journal of Science

As a business center and the most populous subdistrict, East Tanjung Karang in Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia, is considered an area with excessive groundwater exploitation. This activity can trigger ground fissures that can consequently cause damage to buildings and roads. In this study, microtremor recordings from 17 sites were collected and analyzed by using the horizontal to vertical spectral ratio and ellipticity curve method. Results showed that the ground profiles of shear wave velocity from 17 sites ranged from 143.5 m/s to 1752.46 m/s, and they could be used to determine sediment layer and its thickness based on the SNI …

Cr (Iii)-Doped Bentonite: Synthesis, Characterization And Application For Phenol Removal, Widia Purwaningrum, Vilantina Vilantina, Widya Twiny Rizki, Desnelli Desnelli, Poedji Loekitowati Hariani, Muhammad Said

Makara Journal of Science

Study of doping process of metal oxide Cr(III) onto bentonite for phenol removal has been done. The purpose of this study was to increase the capacity and effectiveness of bentonite adsorption.The doped bentonite was characterized using XRD, SEM-EDX and FT-IR spectrophotometer analysis. XRD characterization result showed an angle shift (2θ) characteristic at1.609°. The SEM-EDX characterization result showed that bentonite as control have a more gaps than Cr(III)-doped bentonite. Based on EDX result, the Al element decreased from 7.53% to 3.76%, Si from 19.84% to 10.23% and appeared Cr element 2.06%, The FT-IR characterization result showed no significant friction in the …

Elimination Of Gas And Particulate Emissions In Coal Boilers Using Plasma Precipitator System, Silvy Djayanti, Alex Lukmanto Suherman

Makara Journal of Science

A plasma precipitator reactor is an essential part of the emission treatment. This device removes fine particles, such as dust, smoke, and various toxic gases, using the force of an induced plasma charge, minimally impeding the flow of gases through the unit. In this study, the plasma precipitator combines dust deposition-capture technology by magnetic force and emission gas removal with plasma. The reactor was successfully fabricated and tested in real-world applications of the textile industry to reduce gas and particulate emissions. Using this reactor, SO₂, NO₂, CO, and CO₂ sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen …

Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Device (Μpad) For Determining Hydroquinone In Facial Whitening Cream Using Phloroglucinol Reagent, Hermin Sulistyarti, Paradhita Ayu Puspitaloka, Boyfannie Ivan Putra, Rurini Retnowati, Herman Tolle

Makara Journal of Science

A microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) is developed in this work to analyze hydroquinone in facial whitening creams using phloroglucinol. The µPAD features a hydrophobic barrier for detection and was fabricated using a wax printer with Whatman chromatographic paper. Detection was achieved by colorimetry based on the formation of an orange hydroquinone–phloroglucinol complex. The colored reaction product formed on the detection zone of the µPAD was scanned, and the images obtained were processed with Image-J software to determine their color intensity (RGB value). Optimization of the process conditions was conducted to achieve sensitive measurements. The optimum conditions yielding maximum sensitivity …

Data From: Hydrated Sulfate Clusters So4(2-)(H2o)N(N=1-40): Charge Distribution Through Solvation Shells And Stabilization, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Maksim Kulichenko

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In the current work, we report our computational study of hydrated sulfate clusters SO4(2–)(H2O)n (n = 1–40) in order to understand the nature of stabilization of this important anion by water molecules. We showed that the most significant charge transfer from dianion SO4(2–) to H2O takes place at a number of H2O molecules n ≤ 7. The SO4(2–) directly donates its charge only to the first solvation shell and surprisingly, a small amount of electron density of 0.15|e| is enough to be transferred in order to stabilize the dianion.

Data From: Σ-Aromaticity In The Mos2 Monolayer, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Maksim Kulichenko

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As is shown using the SSAdNDP approach, Mo and S form 2-centered bonds and there is a lone pair on each S. Most importantly, the remaining electrons are distributed over Mo atoms and form conjugated aromatic σ-bonds inside every hexagonal ring, which makes molybdenum the main carrier of σ-aromaticity.

Data From: Spherical Aromaticity In Inorganic Chemistry, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Maksim Kulichenko

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Chapter "14 - Spherical aromaticity in inorganic chemistry" in a book "Aromaticity - Modern Computational Methods and Applications"

Deep-Sea Biodiversity At The Extremes Of The Salas Y Gómez And Nazca Ridges With Implications For Conservation, Alan M. Friedlander, Whitney Goodell, Jonatha Giddens, Erin E. Easton, Daniel Wagner

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Salas y Gómez and Nazca ridges are underwater mountain chains that stretch across 2,900 km in the southeastern Pacific and are recognized for their high biodiversity value and unique ecological characteristics. Explorations of deep-water ecosystems have been limited in this region, and elsewhere globally. To characterize community composition of mesophotic and deep-sea demersal fauna at seamounts in the region, we conducted expeditions to Rapa Nui (RN) and Salas y Gómez (SyG) islands in 2011 and Desventuradas Islands in 2013. Remote autonomous baited-cameras were used to conduct stationary video surveys between 150–1,850 m at RN/SyG (N = 20) and 75–2,363 …

Geological And Geochemical Analysis Of Phosphorus Bearing Minerals And Natural Glasses On Earth And In Meteorites: Implications Of The Origin Of Life, Tian Feng

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Phosphorus is a key element in biogenic molecules and the mineral schreibersite is a major reactive phosphorus source for organic compounds on the prebiotic Earth. In this dissertation, a suite of reactions of phosphorus species, which originate from schreibersite minerals on chondrite meteorites and on the early Earth, have been studied to determine the intermediate geochemical pathways between phosphides and common minerals on meteorites and on the early earth.

I first investigated a unique blue fulgurite that was studied to clarify if this blue color was caused by rich phosphorus content, as has been reported for impact glasses that also …

Data From: High-Resolution Photoelectron Imaging Of Irb3-: Observation Of A P-Aromatic B3+ Ring Coordinated To A Transition Metal, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Maksim Kulichenko

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In a high-resolution photoelectron imaging and theoretical study of the IrB3− cluster, two isomers were observed experimentally with electron affinities (EAs) of 1.3147(8) and 1.937(4) eV. Quantum calculations revealed two nearly degenerate isomers competing for the global minimum, both with a B3 ring coordinated with the Ir atom.

Data From: Periodic F-Defects On The Mgo Surface As Potential Single-Defect Catalysts With Non-Linear Optical Properties, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Maksim Kulichenko

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In this paper we suggest a new type of a single-atom (or single-defect) catalyst – MgO with periodic defects on the (0 0 1) surface – which possesses noticeable non-linear optical properties. Periodicity of these defects leads to the significant extensive increase in the activity of a catalyst by growth of the concentration of active sites. In this work we showed the presence of diffuse electride-like multi-center bonds inside every periodic F-center. We also discovered that MgO with periodic defects on the surface gains non-linear optical properties due to electride-like polarizable bonds inside every defect. And most importantly, such defective …

Data From: 'Bottled' Spiro-Doubly Aromatic Trinuclear [Pd2ru]+ Complexes, Alexander I. Boldyrev, Maksim Kulichenko

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The central unit of the synthesized structure is a Ru atom which is the vertex of the [RuPd2]+ triangle being the first example of mixed triangles among these metals. Moreover, Ru is involved in both σ- and π-aromaticity. σ-aromaticity is realized as the d-AO based multicenter bond which is delocalized over the inner [RuPd2]+ triangle with considerable contribution from the sulfur electron density. Besides, transition metals are known to interact with the electron cloud of benzene which, in turn, leads to the charge transfer and formation of conjugated electron density between the TM and benzene. The second type of aromaticity, …

Native Symbiotic Fungus Increases Shoot Biomass And Grain Yield Of Canola, Khalil Kariman, Craig Scanlan, Zed Rengell

The State of Soil Science in WA

More than 90% of land plant species (including most agricultural crops) form beneficial associations with soil-borne mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal hyphae allow plants to indirectly explore a large soil volume and forage for nutrients (most importantly P, but also micronutrients) that are usually poorly available in soils due to their immobility. Recent studies using state-of-the-art DNA sequencing technologies have unearthed much more complexity in root-fungal relationships than those discovered using the traditional morphology-based approaches.

Are Ironstone Gravel Soils In Southwest Western Australia: All The Same?, Karen Holmes, Edward Arnold Griffin, Dennis Van Gool

The State of Soil Science in WA

Ironstone gravel soils are widespread, locally common, and important for cropping in Western Australia (WA). The spatial extent of these soils is reasonably well known, but geographic differences and distinct subgroups of gravel soils are not. We present a novel approach to map ironstone gravel layers and associated fine earth texture classes to improve understanding of gravel soil characteristics and distribution across southwestern WA.

Monitoring Groundcover And Associated Erosion Risks Using Satellite Remote Sensing In The Agricultural Region Of Western Australia, Justin Laycock, Nick Middleton, John A. Simons, Tim Overheu, Buddy Wheaton, Karen Holmes

The State of Soil Science in WA

National satellite-derived fractional groundcover products (percentage of green vegetation, dry vegetation, bare soil) are now routinely produced by Geoscience Australia and other groups, and are available for interpretation. The extensive coverage, frequent repeated observations and large archive of historical imagery supports more objective and reproducible methods than previous degradation monitoring efforts that were based on intermittent field surveys of land condition and anecdotal reporting. Landsat (30 m pixel resolution) seasonal composite images will be used to estimate total groundcover throughout the year, and assess the proportion of cropland in the grainbelt below recommended cover thresholds of 50% for wind erosion, …

Nrinfo 2019 Release: Wa Natural Resource Information Available Through Web Portal, Justin Laycock, Angela Stuart-Street, Dennis Van Gool

The State of Soil Science in WA

NRInfo (natural resource information) provides the user with access to digital mapping and information for natural resources across Western Australia. This information may be used for regional and strategic planning, and for identifying areas needing more intensive assessment.

Nutrient Recovery Via Anaerobic Digestion Of Supermarket Food Waste And Re-Use As Fertiliser In Potting Media For The Urban Retail Market; A Proof Of Concept Using Digestate And Biochar, Bede Mickan, Somayeh Zarezadeh, Sasha Jenkins, Aitian Ren, Zakaria Solaimon, Megan H. Ryan

The State of Soil Science in WA

Food waste can be diverted from landfill and utilised via anaerobic digestion (AD) to produce biogas. The liquid by-product of AD is commonly referred to as digestate, and this can be an organic certifiable biofertilizer. Digestate in Europe is frequently used in agriculture, though is not commonly used in the urban retail market. Biochar is another organic matter which can adsorb and retain the nutrients, and also could decrease the adverse effects of high nitrogen content of soil.

Food Waste Can Be Diverted From Landfill And Utilised Via Anaerobic Digestion (Ad) To Produce Biogas. The Liquid By-Product Of Ad Is Commonly Referred To As Digestate, And This Can Be An Organic Certifiable Biofertilizer. Digestate In Europe Is Frequently Used In Agriculture, Though Is Not Commonly Used In The Urban Retail Market. Biochar Is Another Organic Matter Which Can Adsorb And Retain The Nutrients, And Also Could Decrease The Adverse Effects Of High Nitrogen Content Of Soil, Edward Arnold Griffin, Karen Holmes

The State of Soil Science in WA

Soil information is critical for efficient and sustainable agricultural management. However, there is typically a hiatus between soil information which government agencies charged with supporting agriculture develop and deliver, and the information land managers can easily use for management in the paddock. This hiatus is largely due to (1) differences in the spatial scale of information needed by these different groups, and (2) communication-style inhibiting soil science information into management advice. We outline and evaluate a ‘three factor functional soil classification’ based on soil texture, depth, and gravel content for south-western WA, referred to as Profile Texture Classes (PTC).

Soil Exchangeable Cations Increase Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency And Microbial Growth In Acidic Soils, Emilia Horn, Emily Cooledge, Anna Ray, Davey Jones, Steve Rushton, Eizabeth Stockdale, Frances C. Hoyle, Yoshi Sawada, Daniel Murphy

The State of Soil Science in WA

Microbial growth and function is influenced by the properties of the surrounding soil where surface chemistry mediates interactions between individual organisms and their local microenvironment. We hypothesised that the addition of exchangeable base cations, necessary for microbial biochemical function, will increase microbial growth in acidic soils.

Talking The Same Soil Language - A Simple Guide For Describing Wa Soils, Angela Stuart-Street, Nicolyn Short Dr, Tim Overheu

The State of Soil Science in WA

The Western Australian Government is working to conserve and manage the State's natural resources for the benefit of present and future generations. In support of this, the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) have prepared a simple instructional field guide for recording and describing Western Australian unique and challenging soils and landscapes.

Forensic Analysis Of Perth’S Soils, Kari Pitts, Richard Clarke, Talia Newland, Simon Lewis

The State of Soil Science in WA

The examination and comparison of soil and related material transferred in situations of contact is a powerful method for linking persons, vehicles, equipment and locations. The evidential value of soil comparison derives from its widespread distribution, highly variable composition, relative ease of transfer, persistence and resistance to degradation. Sandy soils, present a challenge, with minimal organic material and heavy minerals resulting in limited material for comparisons, regardless of the bulk amounts present.

Topsoil Evaporation In Water Repellent Soil Affected By Tillage And Claying: Preliminary Case-Study Results, Giacomo Betti, Gaus Azam

The State of Soil Science in WA

Soil water repellence represents one of the major soil constraints to broad-acre agriculture in southern Australia. Topsoil wettability is significantly reduced by the presence of hydrophobic organic compounds, resulting in poor seed germination, early plant establishment and ultimately lower yields. Soil mechanical disturbance (tillage) in combination or not with the addition of clay-rich subsoil (e.g. clay spreading) have been successfully adopted in the Australian broad-acre agriculture for the amelioration of water repellent sandy soils.