Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Seeking Sustainability For Computing, Stefan A. Robila

Sustainability Seminar Series

The talk will provide two perspectives on how sustainability is considered in computing. First, the impact computing has on energy consumption and on the environment will be discussed through the prism of past and prior research projects. Computing currently drives advances in all areas of science and engineering, generates efficiencies in industries, and dominates the creation and delivery of entertainment. Computing is also a significant consumer of energy accounting for 3% of the global usage. Data centers account of a third of this consumption, yet also provide a case where efficiencies in system design have limited the energy use increase …

Evaluation Of Algorithms For Randomizing Key Item Locations In Game Worlds, Caleb Johnson

LSU Master's Theses

In the past few years, game randomizers have become increasingly popular. In general, a game randomizer takes some aspect of a game that is usually static and shuffles it somehow. In particular, in this paper we will discuss the type of randomizer that shuffles the locations of items in a game where certain key items are needed to traverse the game world and access some of these locations. Examples of these types of games include series such as The Legend of Zelda and Metroid.

In order to accomplish this shuffling in such a way that the player is able to …

Three-Way Analysis-Based Ph-Uv-Vis Spectroscopy For Quantifying Allura Red In An Energy Drink And Determining Colorant's Pka, Erdal Dinç Prof., Nazangül Ünal, Zehra Ceren Ertekin

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Three-way analysis-based pH-UV-Vis spectroscopy was proposed for quantifying allura red in an energy drink product without the need for chromatographic analysis, and determining the colorant’s pKa without using any titration technique. In this study, UV-Vis spectroscopic data matrices were obtained from absorbance measurements at five different pH levels from pH 8 to pH 12 and arranged as a three-way array (wavelength x sample x pH). In the three-way analysis procedure, parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was implemented to decompose the three-way array into a set of trilinear components. Each set of three components relates to spectral, pH and relative concentration profiles …

The Biosynthesis Of The Cannabinoids, M. Nazir Tahir, Fred Shahbazi, Simon Rondeau-Gagne, John F. Trant

Chemistry and Biochemistry Publications

Cannabis has been integral to Eurasian civilization for millennia, but a century of prohibition has limited investigation. With spreading legalization, science is pivoting to study the pharmacopeia of the cannabinoids, and a thorough understanding of their biosynthesis is required to engineer strains with specific cannabinoid profiles. This review surveys the biosynthesis and biochemistry of cannabinoids. The pathways and the enzymes’ mechanisms of action are discussed as is the non-enzymatic decarboxylation of the cannabinoic acids. There are still many gaps in our knowledge about the biosynthesis of the cannabinoids, especially for the minor components, and this review highlights the tools and …

The Role Of Electronic Education In The Education System, N Muhiddinova, N Keldiyorova

Mental Enlightenment Scientific-Methodological Journal

The word e-learning is used synonymously with virtual knowledge, online education, computer-based training, web-based knowledge, and networked education. Whatever may be the explanation of e-learning, it is revamping the style traditional academia teaches and the learners grasp. E-Learning has made education easy for everyone including office-goers, housewives etc without compromising much. E-Learning is effective and powerful. It makes information easy to grasp and absorb. It imparts enhanced ability to learn and implement among the learners. This article is about the changes that are entering the education system today through information technology. In addition, the pros and cons of distance learning, …

Bayesian Seismic Refraction Inversion For Critical Zone Science And Near-Surface Applications, Mong-Han Huang, Berit Hudson-Rasmussen, Scott Burdick, Vedran Lekić, Mariel D. Nelson, Kristen E. Fauria, Nicholas Schmerr

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

The critical zone (CZ) is the region of the Earth’s surface that extends from the bottom of the weathered bedrock to the tree canopy and is important because of its ability to store water and support ecosystems. A growing number of studies use active source shallow seismic refraction to explore and define the size and structure of the CZ across landscapes. However, measurement uncertainty and model resolution at depth are generally not evaluated, which makes the identification and interpretation of CZ features inconclusive. To reliably resolve seismic velocity with depth, we implement a Transdimensional Hierarchical Bayesian (THB) framework with reversible-jump …

Encapsulated Chitosan-Modified Magnetic Carbon Nanotubes For Aqueous-Phase Crvi Uptake, Mian Muhammad-Ahson Aslam, Walter Den, Hsion-Wen Kuo

Water Resources Science and Technology Faculty Publications

This work demonstrates the performance of a composite adsorbent encapsulated with chitosan (CS) and maghemite-doped multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Hexavalent chromium (Cr^VI) was used as the representative hazardous heavy metal to characterize the adsorption behavior of the composite beads. The chromium speciation chemistry combined with the chitosan surface chemistry rendered pH at 4 to be the optimized condition in which the uptake of Cr^VI was quantitatively most effective. The Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 119 mg g⁻¹ at 298 K was observed. The Cr^VI adsorption studies using partial compositions of the beads …

Metrics For Performance Quantification Of Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Nicole Beisiegel, Cristóbal E. Castro, Jörn Behrens

Articles

Non-uniform, dynamically adaptive meshes are a useful tool for reducing computational complexities for geophysical simulations that exhibit strongly localised features such as is the case for tsunami, hurricane or typhoon prediction. Using the example of a shallow water solver, this study explores a set of metrics as a tool to distinguish the performance of numerical methods using adaptively refined versus uniform meshes independent of computational architecture or implementation. These metrics allow us to quantify how a numerical simulation benefits from the use of adaptive mesh refinement. The type of meshes we are focusing on are adaptive triangular meshes that are …

Extraction And Quantitative Determination Of Bile Acids In Feces, Armaghan Shafaei, Joanna Rees, Claus T. Christophersen, Amanda Devine, David Broadhurst, Mary C. Boyce

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2021 Elsevier B.V. With rapid advances in gut microbiome research, fecal bile acids are increasingly being monitored as potential biomarkers of diet related disease susceptibility. As such, rapid, robust and reliable methods for their analysis are of increasing importance. Herein is described a simple extraction method for the analysis of bile acids in feces suitable for subsequent quantification by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. A C18 column separated the analytes with excellent peak shape and retention time repeatability maintained across 800 injections. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy was greater than 80%. Recoveries ranged from 83.58 to …

Modeling The Ecological Dynamics Of A Three-Species Fish Population In The Chesapeake Bay, Iordanka N. Panayotova, Maila B. Hallare

CODEE Journal

We present an inquiry-based project that is designed for a mathematical modeling class of undergraduate junior or senior students. It discusses a three-species mathematical model that simulates the biological interactions among three important fish species in the Chesapeake Bay: the prey Atlantic menhaden and its two competing predators, the striped bass and the non-native blue catfish. The model also considers the following ecological issues related to these three species: the overfishing of menhaden, the invasiveness of the blue catfish, and the harvesting of blue catfish as a method to control the population. A series of modeling scenarios are considered based …

Assessment Of Water Availability In The Osage Nation Using An Integrated Hydrologic-Flow Model, Jonathan (Jp) Traylor, Shana L. Mashburn, Randall T. Hanson, Steven M. Peterson

United States Geological Survey: Water Reports and Publications

Document abstract

The Osage Nation of northeastern Oklahoma, conterminous with Osage County, covers about 2,900 square miles. The area is primarily rural with 62 percent of the land being native prairie grass, and much of the area is used for cattle ranching and extraction of petroleum and natural gas. Protection of water rights are important to the Osage Nation because of its reliance on cattle ranching and the potential for impairment of water quality by petroleum extraction. Additionally, the potential for future population increases, demands for water from neighboring areas such as the Tulsa metropolitan area, and expansion of petroleum …

On-Device Deep Learning Inference For System-On-Chip (Soc) Architectures, Tom Springer, Elia Eiroa-Lledo, Elizabeth Stevens, Erik Linstead

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

As machine learning becomes ubiquitous, the need to deploy models on real-time, embedded systems will become increasingly critical. This is especially true for deep learning solutions, whose large models pose interesting challenges for target architectures at the “edge” that are resource-constrained. The realization of machine learning, and deep learning, is being driven by the availability of specialized hardware, such as system-on-chip solutions, which provide some alleviation of constraints. Equally important, however, are the operating systems that run on this hardware, and specifically the ability to leverage commercial real-time operating systems which, unlike general purpose operating systems such as Linux, can …

A Development Of A Polyhedron In The Galilean Space, Abdulaziz Artykbaev, Jasur Sobirov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

In this paper, we study the development of a polyhedron in the Galilean space. A development of a polyhedron is an isometric mapping of a polyhedron to a plane, in which the gluing sides are indicated. Since the motion of the Galilean space differs significantly from the motion of the Euclidean space, the development of a polyhedron of the Galilean space will also differ from the development of a polyhedron of the Euclidean space. We prove that the total angle around the vertex of the polyhedral angle is preserved in the development. We also give illustrations of the developments for …

Engaging Students Early By Internationalizing The Undergraduate Calculus Course, Chinenye Ofodile

CODEE Journal

Today's world is global. However, despite increasing numbers and diversity of participants in Study Abroad programs, only 10% of U. S. college students get that experience. There is an ever-growing need for students to become aware of and experience other cultures, to understand why others think and act differently. Internationalization is the conscious effort, begun nearly 40 years ago, to integrate an international, intercultural, and global dimension into the purpose, functions, and delivery of post-secondary education.

Albany State University began a Global Program Initiative in the 1990s. In 2016, we extended into mathematics the curriculum innovations of this program. The …

Facing The Pandemic Together: Forming A Collaborative Research Group, Michael C. Barg

CODEE Journal

This is an account of how a reading and writing project in an introductory differential equations course was transitioned to a professor-student research group collaborative project, in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Adapting on the fly to the ever-evolving pandemic, we collected data, estimated parameters in our models, and computed numerical solutions to SIR-based systems of differential equations. This is a description of what we did and how we found comfort in the project in this time of great uncertainty. The collaboration yielded successes and more questions than we had answers for, but the situation provided an opportunity of …

Qualitative Analysis Of A Resource Management Model And Its Application To The Past And Future Of Endangered Whale Populations, Glenn Ledder

CODEE Journal

Observed whale dynamics show drastic historical population declines, some of which have not been reversed in spite of restrictions on harvesting. This phenomenon is not explained by traditional predator prey models, but we can do better by using models that incorporate more sophisticated assumptions about consumer-resource interaction. To that end, we derive the Holling type 3 consumption rate model and use it in a one-variable differential equation obtained by treating the predator population in a predator-prey model as a parameter rather than a dynamic variable. The resulting model produces dynamics in which low and high consumption levels lead to single …

Epidemiology And The Sir Model: Historical Context To Modern Applications, Francesca Bernardi, Manuchehr Aminian

CODEE Journal

We suggest the use of historical documents and primary sources, as well as data and articles from recent events, to teach students about mathematical epidemiology. We propose a project suitable -- in different versions -- as part of a class syllabus, as an undergraduate research project, and as an extra credit assignment. Throughout this project, students explore mathematical, historical, and sociological aspects of the SIR model and approach data analysis and interpretation. Based on their work, students form opinions on public health decisions and related consequences. Feedback from students has been encouraging.

We begin our project by having students read …

Engaging Learners: Differential Equations In Today's World

CODEE Journal

Engaging Learners: Differential Equations in Today's World

CODEE Journal, Volume 14, Issue 1

Study Of Neon Collisional Negative Ion Compound Resonance Using A Trochoidal Electron Monochromator, Will Brunner

Honors Theses

This thesis describes the experimental apparatus and procedure used to measure the excitation function of the 2p⁵3p ³D₃ state of neon. First I describe the effect on this excitation of negative ion resonances and previous experiments to measure the excitation function, as well as suggestions for future applications of such studies. Then the experimental apparatus is described in three parts. The vacuum system uses a turbomolecular pump to decrease the pressure of the chamber to as low as 4*10^-9 Torr. The electron beam system incorporates a trochoidal electron monochromator to send a highly monochromatic beam …

Mass Incarceration In Nebraska: Data And Historical Analysis Of Inmates From 1980-2020, Anna Krause

Honors Theses

This study examines Nebraska Department of Corrections inmate data from 1980-2020, looking specifically at inmate demographics and offense trends. State-of-the-art data analysis is conducted to collect, modify, and visualize the data sources. Inmates are organized by each decade they were incarcerated within. The current active prison population is also examined in their own research group. The demographic and offense trends are compared with previous local and national research. Historical context is given for evolving trends in offenses. Solutions for Nebraska prison overcrowding are presented from various interest groups. This study aims to enlighten all interested Nebraskans on who inhabits their …

Nonlocal Problems For A Fractional Order Mixed Parabolic Equation, Azizbek Mamanazarov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

In the present work nonlocal problems with Bitsadze-Samarskii type conditions, with the first and the second kind integral conditions for mixed parabolic equation involving Riemann-Liouville fractional differential operator have been formulated and investigated. The uniqueness and the existence of the solution of the considered problems were proved. To do this, considered problems are equivalently reduced to the problems with nonlocal conditions with respect to the trace of the unknown function and its space-derivatives. Then using the representation of the solution of the second kind of Abel's integral equation, it was found integral representations of the solutions of these problems. Necessary …

Nonlocal Boundary Value Problem For A System Of Mixed Type Equations With A Line Of Degeneration, Kudratillo Fayazov, Ikrombek Khajiev

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

This work is devoted to the study of a nonlocal boundary value problem for a system of two-dimensional parabolic equations with changing direction of time. A priori estimate is obtained for the solution of the problem under consideration, and theorems on stability and conditional stability are proved depending on the parameters of the nonlocal condition. As a result, the uniqueness of the solution to the problem is presented.

Ergodic Theorems For D-Dimensional Flows In Ideals Of Compact Operators, Azizkhon Azizov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Let H be an infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space, let (B(H), ||.||_∞ be the C^⚹-algebra of all bounded linear operators acting in H, and let C_E be the symmetric ideal of compact operators in H generated by the fully symmetric sequence space E ⊂ c₀. If T_u: B(H)→ B(H), u=(u_1,...,u_d)∈ R₊^d, is a semigroup of positive Dunford-Schwartz operators, which is strongly continuous on C₁, then the following versions of individual and mean ergodic theorems are true: For each y ∈ C_E the net A_t(y) = …

On Time-Optimal Control Problem Associated With Parabolic Equation, Farrukh Dekhkonov

Bulletin of National University of Uzbekistan: Mathematics and Natural Sciences

The boundary control problem for heat equation in a right rectangle domain is considered. The control parameter is equal to the temperature on some part of the border of the considered domain The estimate of a minimal time for achieving the given average temperature over some subdomain is found.

Achieving The Shot-Noise Limit Using Experimental Multi-Shot Digital Holography Data, Douglas E. Thornton, Cameron J. Radosevich, Samuel Horst, Mark F. Spencer

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we achieve the shot-noise limit using straightforward image-post-processing techniques with experimental multi-shot digital holography data (i.e., off-axis data composed of multiple noise and speckle realizations). First, we quantify the effects of frame subtraction (of the mean reference-only frame and the mean signal-only frame from the digital-hologram frames), which boosts the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the baseline dataset with a gain of 2.4 dB. Next, we quantify the effects of frame averaging, both with and without the frame subtraction. We show that even though the frame averaging boosts the SNR by itself, the frame subtraction and the stability …

Measurement Report: Long-Range Transport Patterns Into The Tropical Northwest Pacific During The Camp2ex Aircraft Campaign: Chemical Composition, Size Distributions, And The Impact Of Convection, Miguel Ricardo A. Hilario, Ewan Crosbie, Michael Shook, Jeffrey S. Reid, Maria Obiminda L. Cambaliza, James Bernard Simpas, Luke Ziemba, Joshua P. Digangi, Glenn S. Diskin, Phu Nguyen, F. Joseph Turk, Edward Winstead, Claire E. Robinson, Jian Wang, Jiaoshi Zhang, Yang Wang, Subin Yoon, James Flynn, Sergio L. Alvarez, Ali Behrangi, Armin Sorooshian

Physics Faculty Publications

The tropical Northwest Pacific (TNWP) is a receptor for pollution sources throughout Asia and is highly susceptible to climate change, making it imperative to understand long-range transport in this complex aerosol-meteorological environment. Measurements from the NASA Cloud, Aerosol, and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex; 24 August to 5 October 2019) and back trajectories from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT) were used to examine transport into the TNWP from the Maritime Continent (MC), peninsular Southeast Asia (PSEA), East Asia (EA), and the West Pacific (WP). A mid-campaign monsoon shift on 20 September …

Exploring The Use Of Neural Transformers For Psycholinguistics, Antonio Laverghetta Jr.

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Deep learning has the potential to help solve numerous problems in cognitive science andeducation, by providing us a way to model the cognitive profiles of individual people. If this were possible, it would allow us to design targeted tests and suggest specific remediation based on each individual’s needs. On the flip side, employing techniques from psychology can give us insight into the underlying skillsets neural networks have acquired during training, addressing the interpretability concern. This thesis explores these ideas in the context of transformer language models, which have achieved state-of-the-art results on virtually every natural language processing (NLP) task. First, …

Measurement Of Branching Fractions Of Λc+ →Η Λπ+, Η Σ0Π+, Λ (1670)Π+, And Η Σ (1385)+, J. Y. Lee, K. Tanida, Y. Kato, S. K. Kim, S. B. Yang, I. Adachi, J. K. Ahn, H. Aihara, S. Al Said, D. M. Asner, T. Aushev, R. Ayad, V. Babu, S. Bahinipati, P. Behera, C. Beleño, J. Bennett, M. Bessner, B. Bhuyan

Faculty and Student Publications

We report branching fraction measurements of four decay modes of the Λc+ baryon, each of which includes an η meson and a Λ baryon in the final state, and all of which are measured relative to the Λc+→pK-π+ decay mode. The results are based on a 980 fb-1 data sample collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e+e- collider. Two decays, Λc+→ης0π+ and Λ(1670)π+, are observed for the first time, while the measurements of the other decay modes, Λc+→ηΛπ+ and ης(1385)+, are more precise than those made previously. We obtain relative branching fractions of B(Λc+→ηΛπ+)/B(Λc+→pK-π+)=0.293±0.003±0.014, B(Λc+→ης0π+)/B(Λc+→pK-π+)=0.120±0.006±0.010, B(Λc+→Λ(1670)π+)×B(Λ(1670)→ηΛ)/B(Λc+→pK-π+)=(5.54±0.29±0.73)×10-2, and …

An Image Segmentation Technique With Statistical Strategies For Pesticide Efficacy Assessment, Steven B. Kim, Dong Sub Kim, Xiaoming Mo

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Image analysis is a useful technique to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment for weed control. In this study, we address two practical challenges in the image analysis. First, it is challenging to accurately quantify the efficacy of a treatment when an entire experimental unit is not affected by the treatment. Second, RGB codes, which can be used to identify weed growth in the image analysis, may not be stable due to various surrounding factors, human errors, and unknown reasons. To address the former challenge, the technique of image segmentation is considered. To address the latter challenge, the proportion of …

Advanced Technologies In Music Production And Collaboration, David Besonen

Honors Theses

My Honors Senior Creative Project was to compose and produce a short album of original music alongside talented musicians here at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) as well as around the world.