Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Interpolation In Non-Continuous Functions Spaces, Jawad K. Judy

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

In this research I will introduce a new method to an approximation in non-continuous functions space and estimate a degree of this approximation (Note that this function must be bounded) by define a new norm depending on union it together with a continuous function (I call it the compensation function) where the resulting functions from this union must be a continuous. This is possible for any continuous function but in this papers I will choose this function as an algebraic polynomial because our know of properties of polynomials in approximation theory Specifically, I will choose it as an interpolation polynomial …

Digital Wallets Evolution: Navigating Challenges, Innovation And The Future Landscape, Asmaa A. Mohmmed, Abdul Monem S. Rahma, Hala Bahjat Abdulwahab

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The goal of enabling small business owners and customers to accept digital payments for cashless, safe, and effective transactions has propelled the growth of electronic wallets, commonly known as digital wallets or e-wallets. E-wallet design has made it a priority to give consumers a practical, safe, and efficient way to manage their digital assets, such as cryptocurrencies, whereas facilitating online transactions. The presented research developed a technique to pinpoint the transactional structure of digital economy's e-wallet payment system. The purpose of the presented research is to offer a reliable and trustworthy analysis which will increase public awareness of digital currency …

Synthesis, Characterization And Latent Fingerprints Detection Of Novel Azo Dye Based On Curcumin And Its Pd (Ii) Complex, Wesam Dheyab Kzar, Hasan Shamran Mohammed, Álvaro Fernández Álvarez, Vishwa Deepak Tripathi, Zizi Zahia

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Azo dye ligand (DCPAC) namely (1E,6E)-4-((E)-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)diazenyl)-1,7- bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione was prepared by coupling diazonium salt of 2,5-dichloroaniline with curcumin in basic conditions. The ligand (DCPAC) and its Pd(II) complex were characterized by elemental analysis (C.H.N.), mass spectroscopy, 1H NMR, FT-IR, UV-Visible spectra, and molar conductivity. The molar ratio method was applied to ascertain the stoichiometric composition of pd(II) complex in aqueous solution which was 1:2 (metal ion to ligand). Azo curcumin ligand binding with Pd (II) ion used the enolate form moiety of curcumin under alkaline conditions which was observed by infrared spectra. New azo curcumin (DCPAC) and its Pd(II) complex have …

Anti-Hyperglycemic Potential Of Desplatsia Dewevrei (De Wild. & Th. Dur) Burret Methanol Seed Extract In Diabetic Wistar Rats, Macdonald Idu, Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel, Miracle Ogechukwu Osunde, Oghale Ovuakporie-Uvo Godwin

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

This study investigate the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Desplatsia dewevrei seed methanol extract in diabetic rats. A standard protocol was modified using forty (40) Wistar rats in five groups. The standard control (10 mg/kg Glibenclamide), the untreated control group (45 mg/kg streptozotocin) (STZ), and graded doses (30, 50 and 100 mg/kg) of D. dewevrei seed methanol extract were administered after inducing diabetes. The blood glucose level were observed in days 1, 7 and 14. The animals were sacrificed, blood and organ samples were isolated and analyzed for their biochemical and histopathological evaluations. The results obtained showed a significant decrease in the …

Effect Of Alcoholic Extract Of Agaricus Bisporus On Blood Profiles And Immune Response In Rats With Aspergillosis, Athraa Abbass Jawad, Neeran Obied Jasim

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Aspergillus Fumigatus is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes a range of infections in humans, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of A. bisporus extract for treating A. fumigatusinduced pulmonary infection in mice. Mice were inoculated with A. fumigatus and then treated with A. bisporus extract for 21 days. We found that A. bisporus extract and voriconazole treatments affect WBC count, with the extract-treated groups and voriconazole-treated group showing lower counts compared to infected mice without treatment, A. bisporus extract-treated groups display higher RBC counts, while voriconazole treatment results in lower RBC count compared …

Using Nanotechnology To Removal Of Pollution From Water, Firas Ali Hussein Alhameedawi

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

In order to refinery the polluted water, there are some method that Nano filter be presented to this issue recently. In this research FEM analysis be applied to simulation of refinery with Nano filters. There were four Nano filter to refinery of nanoparticles in water that are zeolite, Nano carbon, nanotube and Nano magnet. Generally the Nano filter with each material has performance the 80 % up that are suitable to refinery of water. But Nano magnet and Nano zeolite has the best performance in comparison with other nanomaterial. Cavity of Nano filter should be small to better absorption of …

Antipyretic, Anti-Inflammatory And Analgesic Activity Of Polyherbal Formulation (Agbo-Iba Pmii) Used In The Treatment Of Malaria In Southern Nigeria, Pass Chidiebere Chijindu, Macdonald Idu, Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The ideal antimalarial agent should not only possess antiplasmodial effects but also anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities. Hence, the aims of were to investigate the antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of a traditional polyherbal formulation (Agbo-Iba PMII) used to treat malaria in Southern Nigeria. The antipyretic activity was determined by employing three models viz Yeast-induced hyperthermia, D-Amphetamine-induced hyperthermia and 2, 4- Dinitrophenol-induced hyperthermia. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by employing the carrageenan induced rat paw oedema assay model. While the analgesic activity was determined by employing three models viz Acetic acid induced writhing, Hot Plate Method and Analgesy-meter Test (Randall- …

Testing The Ciprofloxacin And Erythromycin Antibiotics Potency Against E. Coli Bacteria Isolated From Pregnant Women With Urinary Tract Infections, Khetam Ibrahim Almhanna

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The current study included collecting data on pregnant women who suffer from urinary tract infections by 70 patients from the Women's and Children's Teaching Hospital in the city of Al-Diwaniyah The distribution of the severity of the injury for the studied cases was divided into four severity cases (mild +, moderate ++, severe +++, and very severe ++++). The most cases admitted to the hospital were from the severity ( +), and the least was(++++). As for the frequency of urinary tract infections in women before pregnancy, the results showed that 22 (31.43 %) of the investigated cases had urinary …

Removal Of Pb(Ii) And Cu(Ii) From Water Using Silver Nanoparticles Prepared Using Extract Plant (Albizia Odoratissima), Mohammed Khlaif Challab

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

This work concerns the research on the use of silver nanoparticles prepared using extract plant “Albizia odoratissima” as a highly active and economical adsorbent for the removal of Pb+2 & Cu+2 ions from their aqueous solutions. The)AgNPs(are produced using a green, environmentally friendly, non-toxic method that does not use harmful chemicals substances using a plant extract as a reducing agent. The)AgNPs(checked is characterized using " Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR)". The results showed that the equilibrium time of adsorption was 40 minutes, at pH=8, pH=6 for Pb+2 & Cu+2, respectively and at the temperature (30 …

Preliminary Phytochemistry, In-Vitro Antioxidant And Reducing Effect Of Intraocular Pressure Of Pleurotus Tuber-Regium (Fr) Sing Using Animal Model, Stella Ejuvwevwokoghene Odjimogho, Faustina K. Idu, Macdonald Idu, Sunny Emoefe Odjimogho, Ann Theresa Akaeze, Benjamin Ogunma Gabriel

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

This study investigate the qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals, antioxidant screening, and the reducing effect of intraocular pressure of P. tuber-regium aqueous extract in rabbits. Standard protocols were used to analyze the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical, in-vitro antioxidant studies ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity) and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were also used to assess these plants. Thirty (30) New Zealand male rabbits were randomly selected for this study. The whole group except normal control were induced with 1% Prednisolone acetate suspension for 3 days to obtain the baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) >5-10 mm Hg, afterward treated with a graded …

Large-Small Quasi-Dedekind Modules, Amira A. Abduljaleel

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Let R be a ring with identity. An R module W is called small quasi-Dedekind, (small quasi-D) if for each homomorphism h such that h is nonzero, then kerh is small in W. In this paper we introduce a new concept called Large- small quasi-Dedekind (L-small quasi-D) module which is a generalization of small quasi-Dedekind module.

Phytochemicals, Nutritional And Antibacterial Evaluation Of A Domestic Plant –Tetradenia Riparia, Akens Hamilton-Amachree, Dorcas A. Fadare, Ngozi M. Uzoekwe, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Medicinal plants have been established to be endowed by nature as sources of phytochemicals employed in the treatment and management of various health disorders. Preliminary phytochemical composition and mineral content of Tetradenia riparia leaf was analyzed, using standard procedures. The radical scavenging ability of the methanol extract was determined using the DPPH assay. Flavonoids, phenols and tannins were detected in abundance in the phytochemical analysis. At 500 μg/mL, it had percentage inhibition of 68% when compared with ascorbic acid, the standard reference drug which was 85%. Antibacterial investigation of both the dry and wet leaf extracts in ethanol and water …

A Comparative Study Of Interleukin 1beta (Il-1 Β) Levels In Pulmonary And Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients Among Iraqi Population, Bilal Khaleel, Huda Rafaa, Ahmed Asmar

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Background: The immune response to tuberculosis infection involves the activation of many immune cells and the production of cytokines such as IL-1β. IL-1β is thought to be crucial for the immune system's reaction to TB. Production of IL-1β from infected lung cells by M. tuberculosis draws and activates immune cells including macrophages and T cells to the infection location. Then, these immune cells go to work containing and getting rid of the germs.

Aim of the study: To assess the impact of Interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) in Iraqi patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Patients and methods: The patient’s group includes …

Legendre Collocatıon For Sıx Order Boundary Value Problems, Taiye Oyedepo, Abayomi Ayotunde Ayoade, Ganiyu Ajileye, Rajiniganth Pandurangan

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The study aims to employ Legendre polynomials as basis functions for numerically solving six-order Boundary Value Problems (BVPs). Through the utilization of collocation points, the method transforms the differential problem into a system of algebraic equations, subsequently solved through matrix inversion. The research delves into the convergence and error analysis of this technique and validates its effectiveness through discussion of three test problems. The proposed approach provides highly accurate results, closely approximating the exact solution. The study illustrates its precision and efficacy through tables and figures, showcasing its superiority over other methods discussed in the literature.

Epidemiological And Frequency Rate Of Toxoplasma Gondii In Arthritis Patient's, Zahraa Hamed Jayesh, Ali Bustan Mohsen Al-Waaly

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The present study has been designed to Determining the prevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. All samples of the experiment were taken from cephalic vein in non-heparinized tubes, at the conclusion of each treated and control period, all samples collection from Al-Dewaniyah Hospital, and from clinical private from July-2022 to Feb. 2023. The experiment was designed and divided into two groups, a group of healthy people and a group of people infected with rheumatoid arthritis with infection with Toxoplasma gondii. 1. Healthy group: 100 samples from peoples without any disease or treatment. 2. Patients …

Stopping Power And Range Calculations Of Electrons Interaction With C2 H4, C6 H6 And Ch3cho, Abrar Taha, Rashid O Kadhim

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The Bethe equation was utilized to ascertain the stopping power, range, and stopping duration of electrons in compounds (C2 H4,C6 H6, and CH3CHO) with energies ranging from 0.01 to 1000 MeV. The software MATLAB was utilized in the computation of the results. An equation that exhibited compatibility was identified. A correlation coefficient of 0.999 was calculated, suggesting a strong accord between the obtained results and the outcomes of the E-STAR and SRIM2013 programs. The aim of this manuscript is to present up-to-date mass SPE data, focusing specifically on the characteristics of electron beam therapy (EBT), a technique that directs electrons …

The Impact Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury On The Serum Level Of Some Biochemical Markers Associated With Cartilage Turnover, Ahmed J. Al. Hamdaw, Ajil A. Alzamily, Ishan Abdul Abbas Al Salman

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament injury patients' (ACL), meniscus, and collateral ligament tears are typical knee injuries. These injuries cause knee osteoarthritis and impede exercise. Knee stability comes from the ACL. Thrust or pace changes in sports may harm healthy young knees. Injuries primarily affect knee mobility and stability. The structural and functional changes in anterior cruciate ligament injury and rehabilitation are assessed using MRI and approved clinical imaging. Vital signs and an MRI may assess tissue inflammation and healing before and after surgery.

Objective: The study aimed to examine if IL-6 and IL-13 levels could be associated with the risk …

An Enhanced Newton-Kantorovich Technique For Nonlinear Problem-Solvers To Optimal Control Convergence, Rasha A.Isewid

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

The aforementioned study aims to tackle the shortcomings of current methods to solve Banach space-valued problems in nonlinear functional modeling using the Newton-Kantorovich technique. By increasing the convergent area, delivering smaller error limitations, supplying weaker adequate semi-local convergence standards, and supplying accurate data on the solution's position, the investigations seek for improvements on previous findings.

The aim of this research is optimal control issues, and its proposed method seeks to accomplish these gains not the need for more requirements. Additionally, the investigation indicates that additional iterative techniques can be extended along the same path using this strategy.

Numeric tests that …

Molecular Study Of Escherichia Coli Bacteria Isolated From Stool Samples Of Children Less Than 5 Years Old In Anbar Governorate, Fatima Sabri Al-Omar, Saad T. Mutlk

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

Objectives: Diarrhea is the leading infectious cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Among bacterial agents, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is the major causal agent of childhood diarrhea in developing countries, particularly in children under the age of 5 years. Here, we performed a hospital-based prospective study to explore the pathotype distribution, epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of DEC from < 5-year-old diarrheal children.

Methods: Stool samples were collected for 100 children suffering from gastroenteritis, and the bacterial species infecting the children were diagnosed using the Vitek2 compact system, sensitivity test, DNA extracted and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed , in …

Using Fibonacci Sequence In Nature, Muhammad Hassan Hamid Al-Sultani

Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science

In this work, primarily focuses of the Fibonacci sequence(FS) by compute each number(N) is the total of the two preceding numbers. The quantities(N) that are associated with the Fibonacci sequence(FS) are referred to as Fibonacci numbers(FN), which are typically written as Fn. The order(S)commonly starts from 0 and 1,and presented formula for Fibonacci sequence(FS) , understand Fibonacci numbers(FN) through solved various examples. Moreover introduced connection between the Fibonacci sequence(FS) and Golden Ratio (GR),relation between Fibonacci sequence(FS) and Geometric Sequence(GS) and so comparison between Lucas Sequence And (FS).Also give applied Fibonacci sequence(FS)in nature.

Building Societal Resilience Against Child Grooming Using Digital Technologies: The Solution Design, Christina Thorpe, Armin Shams, Matt Bowden

Conference Papers

Extended Abstract

Child grooming is when someone builds a relationship, trust and emotional connection with a child so they can manipulate, exploit and abuse them, therefore building societal resilience against it is of prime importance1. Although progress has been made, it is among the yet unresolved challenges in Ireland (the focus of research). With direct SFI2 training support and using Theory of Change and Design Science as the methods for research and innovation, we have done extensive stakeholder analysis, and we keep doing it further such that a solution is evolved in order to create societal resilience against child grooming, …

Artificial Intelligence For The Electron Ion Collider (Ai4eic), C. Allaire, R. Ammendola, E.-C. Aschenauer, M. Balandat, M. Battaglieri, J. Bernauer, M. Bondì, N. Branson, T. Britton, A. Butter, I. Chahrour, P. Chatagnon, E. Cisbani, E. W. Cline, S. Dash, C. Dean, W. Deconinck, A. Deshpande, M. Diefenthaler, R. Ent, C. Fanelli, M. Finger, M. Finger Jr., E. Fol, S. Furletov, Y. Gao, J. Giroux, N. C. Gunawardhana Waduge, O. Hassan, P. L. Hegde, R. J. Hernandez-Pinto, A. Hiller Blin, T. Horn, J. Huang, A. Jalotra, D. Jayakodige, B. Joo, M. Junaid, N. Kalantarians, P. Karande, B. Kriesten, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Y. Li, M. Lin, F. Liu, S. Liuti, G. Matousek, M. Mceneaney, D. Mcspadden, T. Menzo, T. Miceli, V. Mikuni, R. Montgomery, B. Nachman, R. R. Nair, J. Niestroy, S. A. Ochoa Oregon, J. Oleniacz, J. D. Osborn, C. Paudel, C. Pecar, C. Peng, G. N. Perdue, W. Phelps, M. L. Purschke, H. Rajendran, K. Rajput, Y. Ren, D. F. Renteria-Estrada, D. Richford, B. J. Roy, D. Roy, A. Saini, N. Sato, T. Satogata, G. Sborlini, M. Schram, D. Shih, J. Singh, R. Singh, A. Siodmok, J. Stevens, P. Stone, L. Suarez, K. Suresh, A. -N. Tawfik, F. Torales Acosta, N. Tran, R. Trotta, F. J. Twagirayezu, R. Tyson, S. Volkova, A. Vossen, E. Walter, D. Whiteson, M. Williams, S. Wu, N. Zachariou, P. Zurita

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), a state-of-the-art facility for studying the strong force, is expected to begin commissioning its first experiments in 2028. This is an opportune time for artificial intelligence (AI) to be included from the start at this facility and in all phases that lead up to the experiments. The second annual workshop organized by the AI4EIC working group, which recently took place, centered on exploring all current and prospective application areas of AI for the EIC. This workshop is not only beneficial for the EIC, but also provides valuable insights for the newly established ePIC collaboration at EIC. …

Effects Of Electron Beam Irradiation On Crmnv And Crmntiv High Entropy Alloys: Nano-Mechanical, Structural, And Thermodynamic Perspectives, N. A. Sultana, Y. S. Mohammed, S. J. Pendleton, J. Vennekate, G. Ciovati, X. Li, H. Baumgart, A. A. Elmustafa

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Beam exit windows are crucial components of any particle accelerator as they provide an interface between the beamline vacuum and target material at atmospheric media. For high beam power machines, special materials and designs are required to withstand high radiation and mechanical loads, while minimizing energy loss during transition and maximizing window lifetime. This research investigates the impact of electron beam exposure to bulk CrMnV and CrMnTiV high entropy alloys (HEAs) with the primary goal of identifying suitable candidate materials for the design of robust and durable exit window settings. The selection criteria include intrinsic characteristics, power dissipation, and mechanical …

Opacities Of S-Type Stars: The Singlet B¹⊓−X¹Σ⁺, B¹⊓−A¹Δ, And C¹Σ⁺−X¹Σ⁺ Band Systems Of Zro, Peter F. Bernath, Manish Bhusal, Jacques Liévin

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The ZrO B¹Π–X¹Σ⁺, B¹Π–A¹Δ, and C¹Σ+–X¹Σ⁺ band systems are important opacity sources in the near-infrared and optical spectra of S-type stars. A total of 21 rovibronic bands with v'' ≤ 7 and v' ⩽ 5 were observed and fit for the B¹Π–X¹Σ⁺ transition, five bands for the ⁹⁰ZrO B¹Π–A¹Δ transition and one band for the ⁹⁰ZrO C¹Σ⁺–X¹Σ⁺ transition. All band …

The Effects Of Seaweed Farming On Local Ecosystems In The United States, Reid Cohen

Pitzer Senior Theses

In my thesis, I explore how seaweed farming contributes to the regeneration of marine ecosystems, supports biodiversity, and assists in harmful nutrient removal. Seaweed farming is a relatively unexplored industry in the United States with huge carbon capturing potential. Seaweed farming poses a significant opportunity for a project that has the potential to sequester carbon, increase biodiversity, protect coastal ecosystems, naturally clean water, provide biofuel capabilities, substitute as livestock fodder which then decreases methane emissions, along with many more benefits. Kelp supports biodiversity in marine ecosystems and provides essential habitats for various species. The seaweed farming industry holds profound potential …

In Pursuit Of Consumption-Based Forecasting, Charles Chase, Kenneth B. Kahn

Marketing Faculty Publications

[Introduction] Today's most mature, most sophisticated, best-in-class forecasting is what we call consumption-based forecasting (CBF). In contrast, the least sophisticated companies typically do not forecast at all, but rather set financial targets based on management expectations. Companies beginning to use statistical forecasting techniques usually take a supply-centric orientation, relying on time series techniques applied to shipment and/or order history. The next stage of progression is to incorporate promotions data, economic data, and market data alongside supply-centric data so that regression and other advanced analytics can be used. Companies pursing CBF utilize even more advanced capabilities to capture, examine, and understand …

A Praxis Towards Social Change Based On Foucault's Conceptualization Of Experience As Relational, Lila Maureen Wakeman

Theses and Dissertations--Philosophy

This project develops a praxis towards social change based on the works of Michel Foucault. It first establishes Foucault’s philosophical assumptions, methods, and political goal of countering “objectivizing” modern Western social forces. It then draws on sources from the three major phases of Foucault’s career to trace his development of a general conceptualization of experience as relational, or as non-exhaustively co-constituted by and through three indispensable kinds of social forces: knowledge, power, and ethics. It then evaluates implications of Foucauldian experience for efforts towards social change to conceptualize a general Foucauldian praxis towards social change. The praxis aims to affect …

The Right To A Glass Box: Rethinking The Use Of Artificial Intelligence In Criminal Justice, Brandon L. Garrett, Cynthia Rudin

Faculty Scholarship

Artificial intelligence (“AI”) increasingly is used to make important decisions that affect individuals and society. As governments and corporations use AI more pervasively, one of the most troubling trends is that developers so often design it to be a “black box.” Designers create AI models too complex for people to understand or they conceal how AI functions. Policymakers and the public increasingly sound alarms about black box AI. A particularly pressing area of concern has been criminal cases, in which a person’s life, liberty, and public safety can be at stake. In the United States and globally, despite concerns that …

On The Modes Of Nanosecond Pulsed Plasmas For Combustion Ignition Of Quiescent Ch₄-Air Mixtures, Chunqi Jiang, Akash C. Dhotre, Meimei Lai, Sayan Biswas, James R. Macdonald, Isaac W. Ekoto

Bioelectrics Publications

The effect of transient plasma modes on ignition kernel development are discussed here for a quiescent CH₄-air combustion model system. A 10 ns high-voltage pulse was applied to a pin-to-pin electrode in lean fuel-air mixtures at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. High-impedance streamer, transient spark and low-impedance spark discharges were identified based on pulse waveforms of voltage and current. A sustained ignition kernel expansion was observed when the plasma discharge transitioned into a transient spark or spark discharge. The minimum ignition energy was obtained at the transient spark mode, which has less than a third of the energy …

Complete Solution Of The Lady In The Lake Scenario, Alexander Von Moll, Meir Pachter

Faculty Publications

In the Lady in the Lake scenario, a mobile agent, L, is pitted against an agent, M, who is constrained to move along the perimeter of a circle. L is assumed to begin inside the circle and wishes to escape to the perimeter with some finite angular separation from M at the perimeter. This scenario has, in the past, been formulated as a zero-sum differential game wherein L seeks to maximize terminal separation and M seeks to minimize it. Its solution is well-known. However, there is a large portion of the state space for which the canonical solution does not …