Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Public Administration And The New Normal: One More Guess, Laila El Baradei

Faculty Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Third Party Moral Hazard And The Problem Of Insurance Externalities, Gideon Parchomovsky, Peter Siegelman

All Faculty Scholarship

Insurance can lead to loss or claim-creation not just by insureds themselves, but also by uninsured third parties. These externalities—which we term “third party moral hazard”—arise because insurance creates opportunities both to extract rents and to recover for otherwise unrecoverable losses. Using examples from health, automobile, kidnap, and liability insurance, we demonstrate that the phenomenon is widespread and important, and that the downsides of insurance are greater than previously believed. We explain the economic, social and psychological reasons for this phenomenon, and propose policy responses. Contract-based methods that are traditionally used to control first-party moral hazard can be welfare-reducing in …

Academic Libraries During The Covid-19 In The Higher Education Institutions: A Case Of Supporting Role To An Online Academic Activities, Basharat Ali, Nazia Malik, Rustum Ali

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This article has been designed to study the role of academic libraries and online academic activities among students during the COVID-19 in higher education institutions. The outbreak spread from Wuhan city of China and placed online learning as well as hybrid modes of academic activities around the globe. A quantitative study design has been used to conduct an online cross-sectional survey in two public sector universities in the Punjab province. A sample of 1058 university students enrolled in BS programs out of 1820 participated through a classified random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire pretested from 30 students was used …

Digital Fatigue: Are Librarians At Universities In Zimbabwe Spared?, Blessing Chiparausha

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Librarians’ work has increasingly become dominantly computer-based because of provision of library and information services online following the outbreak of COVID-19. This increased use of digital technologies is often associated with digital fatigue. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to establish the level awareness about digital fatigue, symptoms of digital fatigue displayed by academic librarians and how they managed the fatigue as they offered services to patrons. Twenty-five (25) academic librarians at universities in Zimbabwe participated in online interviews for the study. Key findings show that academic librarians in Zimbabwe suffered digital fatigue but were not fully aware of …

Resolving The Anders Dilemmas: How & Why Texas Should Abandon The Anders Procedure, Michael J. Ritter

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

When an indigent defendant has a right to counsel for an appeal, and counsel believes the appeal is wholly frivolous, Texas has adopted the Anders v. California procedure that permits counsel to withdraw from representation and argue to the appellate court why their client’s appeal is wholly frivolous. This Article argues that, either by a change to the disciplinary rules or by judicial decision, Texas should abandon the Anders procedure as other states have. Doing so will promote the integrity of the right to counsel, avoid numerous conflicts and dilemmas created by the Anders procedure, and advance judicial efficiency and …

Book Review: The Hero Handbook, Liz Stillwaggon Swan

Heroism Science

The Hero Handbook, authored by Matt Langdon, offers an informative and practical guide for heroism for both preadolescent readers and adults. The book includes numerous personal anecdotes from his own hero journey and countless references to children’s literature. Each chapter includes “Check Out the Science!” insets written by psychologist Brian Riches, who explains in simple terms the neuroscience underlying various concepts related to heroism. Topics include the hero’s journey, bullying and anti-bullying, the active bystander, and the science of becoming a hero.

In The Middle Of Appalachia: Balancing Teacher Talk With Student Discourse, Ronald V. Morris, Denise Shockley, Sonya Davis

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

Appalachian students co-constructed knowledge with their teacher while examining a non-fiction book about Thanksgiving. Fifth grade students used an informational trade book to promote student discourse while using text-based evidence. Students learned about Native Americans and Pilgrims as they engaged in student discourse balanced with teacher talk. Students used an inquiry arc that involved questioning texts and examining sources, and inquiry helped students to investigate narrative text as a source of data. Students used inquiry to enhance their metacognition about historical events. Students exercised agency as they recounted family history and their heritage as part of their memory. Remembering was …

Formative Assessment To Help Students Decode, Process, And Evaluate Social Studies Information, Cory Callahan

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

Here the author explores formative assessment within a context of research-based social studies instructional approaches. While the notions of inquiry, alternative assessment, disciplinary thinking and interpretation, and using visual documents as powerful resources each provide an important element of conceptual structure, this article purposefully concentrates on the process of constructive evaluation. The author posits a wise-practice routine for developing formative assessment practices that cohere with criteria-based assessment and its tendency to describe what students did well, what they could have done differently to improve their recent academic performance, and, importantly, how they can improve subsequent academic performance. The article also …

History Or Heritage? An Analysis Of Ghana’S Primary School History Curriculum, Charles Adabo Oppong

The Councilor: A National Journal of the Social Studies

Abstract

At a time that history has gained its place in Ghana’s basic school curriculum, considerable differences of opinion arise, not about the subject’s significance in the school curriculum but concerning the legitimacy of the subject title - that is, whether or not the subject should be referenced ‘History of Ghana’ or ‘Heritage of Ghana’. The different opinions reflect Lowenthal’s (1998) observation that history and heritage are separate disciplines. However, the two subjects are often used interchangeably (Mermion, 2012) and “are habitually confused with each other” (Lowenthal 1998, p. x). While expert academics may be at ease with the distinctions …

Animal Assisted Therapy For Older Adults In Aged Care Facilities: A Rapid Review, Mitchell A. Franklin, Tracey Parnell, Natasha Versi, Rodney Pope

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of animal assisted therapy (AAT) for improving the mental health of older adults in residential care. The aim of this rapid review was to synthesise existing research evidence to determine the approaches that AAT should take to enhance outcomes for older adults living in residential care. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify studies published between 2009 and 2019 that investigated AAT and improvement in physical and/or psychosocial outcomes for adults aged over 65 years, living in residential care. Studies were critically appraised to determine methodological quality, key data were extracted, and …

The Effects Of Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility On Financial Returns, Kevin Acevedo

Theses and Dissertations

A major issue concerning companies is global warming and the impact that firms have on the environment. Companies are taking steps towards sustainability, but it is unclear if sustainable business practices are beneficial to companies’ financial performance. This paper examines the effect of environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR) of Fortune 250 companies on financial performance. The analysis reveals significant effects on financial performance, but they are inconsistent and hard to interpret.

Toxicants, Entanglement, And Mitigation In New England’S Emerging Circular Economy For Food Waste, Cindy Isenhour, Michael Haedicke, Brieanne Berry, Jean Macrae, Travis Blackmer, Skyler Horton

Anthropology Faculty Scholarship

Drawing on research with food waste recycling facilities in New England, this paper explores a fundamental tension between the eco-modernist logics of the circular economy and the reality of contemporary waste streams. Composting and digestion are promoted as key solutions to food waste, due to their ability to return nutrients to agricultural soils. However, our work suggests that food waste processors increasingly find themselves responsible for policing boundaries between distinct “material” and “biological” systems as imagined by the architects of the circular economy—boundaries penetrable by toxicants. This responsibility creates significant problems for processors due to the regulatory, educational, and structural …

A New Goodness Of Fit Measure Based On Income Inequality Curves, Shahryar Mirzaei, S. M. A. Jahanshahi

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

This paper uses inequality-measurement techniques to assess goodness of fit in income distribution models. It exposes the shortcomings of the use of conventional goodness of fit criteria in face of the big income data and proposes a new set of metrics, based on income inequality curves. In this note, we mentioned that the distance between theoretical and empirical inequality curves can be considered as a goodness of fit criterion. We demonstrate certain advantages of this measure over the other general goodness of fit criteria. Unlike other goodness of fit measures, this criterion is bounded. It is 0 in minimum difference …

Educational Inequality In The Kebribeyah Somali Refugee Camp In Ethiopia: An Autoethnography, Ahmed Muhumed, Saleh Ahmed

Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Due to the Somali Civil War of 1991, more than 10,000 Somali refugees resettled in Kebribeyah, a town in the Somali region of Ethiopia. For nearly three decades, the local and resettled refugee communities shared the resources the region had to offer, adopted a new common cultural norm, and fostered some levels of social cohesions. It is the education sector, however, that caused social conflicts and hatred between resettled Somalis and the native Somali-Ethiopians. Currently, the education of Somali refugee children is funded by various international organizations, such as the United Nations. On the contrary, the local Somali-Ethiopian children pay …

Exploring Students’ Experiences In Occupational Therapy Education: A Phenomenological Study Of Professional Identity Development, Peter O. Ndaa, Katherine Wimpenny, Rebecca Khanna, Simon Goodman, Ajediran I. Bello

The Qualitative Report

The existing literature on professional identity enactment and development, subscribes to students’ socializing in a learning environment, where they regularly encounter practicing professionals throughout their education period. However, in most countries with less resourced occupational therapists like Ghana, education in occupational therapy is fraught with inadequate number of same professionals to mentor undergraduate occupational therapy students. The students are thus faced with serious dilemma regarding their professional identity which tends to elicit a bleak perception of their chosen career. The present study was therefore envisaged to interpret and analyse the students’ lived experiences, with the view to capture the process …

Nudos, Tensiones Y Desenlaces De Los Trabajos Maternos: Capturas Desde Los Contextos Digitales, Catalina Echeverri Gallo

The Qualitative Report

La mayor incorporación de las mujeres al mercado laboral desde mediados del siglo XX, derivada de las conquistas feministas, no se ha dado en condiciones de igualdad con los hombres; por el contrario, es un escenario en el que se reproducen las disparidades de género, de manera naturalizada y subrepticia, en especial si se es madre. En la contemporaneidad, las mujeres se han apropiado, cada vez más, de las herramientas y los escenarios digitales como parte de sus mundos cotidianos, de allí que los análisis sociales sobre los trabajos maternos deban acoger el estudio de estas nuevas matrices relacionales que …

Conducting A Qualitative Document Analysis, Hani Morgan

The Qualitative Report

Document analysis has been an underused approach to qualitative research. This approach can be valuable for various reasons. When used to analyze pre-existing texts, this method allows researchers to conduct studies they might otherwise not be able to complete. Some researchers may not have the resources or time needed to do field research. Although videoconferencing technology and other types of software can be used to reduce some of the obstacles qualitative researchers sometimes encounter, these tools are associated with various problems. Participants might be unskillful in using technology or may not be able to afford it. Conducting a document analysis …

New Testing Room Serves Students With Disabilities, Mark D. Weinstein

News Releases

Serving the 200-plus students who take advantage of Cedarville University’s disability services, part of The Cove, Cedarville’s academic enrichment center, is The Cove’s goal. Thus, they renovated part of their facility to add a testing space. The result is “The Boardwalk,” a state-of-the-art testing room with 14 specially designed cubicles.

Pengaruh Kerawanan Pangan, Bantuan Pangan Dan Jaminan Kesehatan Terhadap Keluhan Kesehatan, Ofi Ana Sari, Nachrowi Djalal Nachrowi

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

The health condition of the Indonesian from life expectancy at birth tends to increase, but not all years are in a healthy. The health conditions can be influenced by food insecurity, food aid and health insurance. This study aims to study the effects of food insecurity, food assistance and health insurance on health complaints. Indonesian Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression. The results show that food insecure individu are risky health complaints and are disrupted more than twice than food secure individu. BPJS PBI has a lower risk of health complaints than for paid BPJS. Food …

Polusi Udara Dalam Ruangan Dan Kondisi Kesehatan: Analisis Rumah Tangga Indonesia, Indanazulfa Qurrota A’Yun, Rodhiah Umaroh

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Indoor air quality is an important factor for human health because indoor air pollution has a more dangerous impact compared to outdoor air pollution. This study aims to analyze the impact of the use of cooking fuel as a determinant of indoor pollution quality on the health conditions of household members. This study uses Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 data and the instrumental variable method. The results of this study indicate that the use of cooking fuel has impacts on cough, fever and diarrhea especially for individuals at the age of more than 21 years.

Sustainable Farming: Respons Petani Tanaman Pangan Terhadap Kepemilikan Lahan Pertanian, Anik Pratiwi, Jossy Prananta Moeis

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Sustainable agricultural practices are the best solution to resolve widespread degradation of agricultural land in Indonesia. However, application of this practices in Indonesia are still very limited. Many empirical studies show that private agricultural land is an incentive that encourages farmers to apply sustainable agricultural practices. This research aimed to analyze relationship between agricultural land ownership and adoption of sustainable agriculture practices. The main data source used is 2017 Food Crop Cost Structure Survey. OLS and 2SLS methods are applied to estimate impact of agricultural land ownership. Regression results indicate that private land motivates farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural practices.

Analisis Kemiskinan Multidimensi Dan Ketahanan Pangan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, Nurin Ainistikmalia, Bayu Kharisma, Budiono Budiono

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

Poverty is multidimensional and has a close relationship with food insecurity. By using the Alkire-Foster MPI with four dimensions (monetary, health, education, basic infrastructure), it was found that the monetary dimension has a role and contributes to multidimensional poverty although it’s not the main factor. The causes of poverty are obtained from other dominant dimensions. Meanwhile, the portrait of household food security in North Kalimantan Province in aggregate has been classified into food security category. It is concluded that poverty affects food security. This study proves that multidimensional poor households are very likely to become food insecurity households.

Direct Dan Indirect Effect: Determinan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota Di Jawa Barat, Alphin Pratama Husada, Risni Julaeni Yuhan

Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the determinants of the regional minimum wage (UMK) directly and indirectly in West Java in year 2010–2019. The author found that the minimum wage model that considers spatial dependence produces two different interpretations, namely direct and indirect impacts. The regression model used in this study is the spatial durbin model (SDM). In the spatial model, partial reduction is carried out to get direct and indirect effects. The results of the study show that there are direct and indirect influences originating from the MSE variables, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), Human Development Index (HDI) and the …

Firearms And Toolmark Error Rates, Susan Vanderplas, Kori Khan, Heike Hofmann, Alicia L. Carriquiry

Department of Statistics: Faculty Publications

We have outlined several problems with the state of error rate studies on firearm and toolmark examination. Fundamentally, we do not know what the error rate is for these types of comparisons. This is a failure of the scientific study of toolmarks, rather than the examiners themselves, but until this is corrected with multiple studies that meet the criteria described in Section 3, we cannot support the use of this evidence in criminal proceedings.

The Guardian, Week Of January 3, 2022, Wright State Student Body

The Guardian Student Newspaper

News articles from The Guardian for the week of January 3, 2022. The Guardian is the official student-run newspaper for Wright State University. It has been published regularly since March of 1965.

Postseptic Cognitive Impairment And Expression Of Apoe In Peripheral Blood: The Cognition After Sepsis (Cass) Observational Pilot Study, Samuel M. Brown, Sarah J. Beesley, Chris Stubben, Emily L. Wilson, Angela P. Presson, Colin Grissom, Colin Maguire, Matthew T. Rondina, Ramona O. Hopkins

Faculty Publications

Background: Cognitive impairment after sepsis is an important clinical problem. Determinants of postseptic cognitive impairment are not well understood. We thus undertook a systems biology approach to exploring a possible role for apolipoprotein E (APOE) in postseptic cognitive impairment.

Design: Prospective, observational cohort. Setting: Intermountain Medical Center, a tertiary referral center in Utah.

Patients/Participants: Patients with sepsis admitted to study intensive care units. Interventions: None.

Methods: We obtained peripheral blood for deep sequencing of RNA and followed up survivors at 6 months with a battery of cognitive instruments. We defined cognitive impairment based on the 6-month Hayling test of executive …

Can Lethal Autonomous Weapons Be Just?, Noreen L. Herzfeld, Robert H. Latiff

Computer Science Faculty Publications

In 2018 the United States Department of Defense (DoD) created a new Joint Artificial Intelligence Center to study the adoption of AI by the military. Their strategy, outlined in a document entitled, “Harnessing AI to Advance Our Security and Prosperity,” proposes to accelerate the adoption of AI in the military by fostering a culture of experimentation and calculated risk taking, noting that AI will change the character of the future battlefield and, even more, the pace of battle. Is there any way to ensure that this future battlefield will be just? Can the age-old precepts of just warfare help guide …

Cardiac Startle Response And Clinical Outcomes In Preschool Children With Fragile X Syndrome And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jordan Ezell, Abigail L. Hogan Phd, Elizabeth A. Will Ph.D., Bcba, Kayla Smith, Jane E. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Objective: Poor physiological regulation in response to threat is linked to multiple negative developmental outcomes including anxiety, which is highly prevalent and impairing in young children with neurodevelopmental disabilities like fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study contrasted cardiac startle response in pre-school-aged children with FXS, with and without ASD, to children with non-syndromic ASD (nsASD) and neurotypical controls (NT). The relationship of cardiac startle to non-verbal mental age (NVMA), ASD severity, and parent-reported anxiety was also examined.

Method: Four age-matched groups of pre-school children participated including those with FXS without ASD (FXS-Only, n = …

Social Inclusion-Based Library Transformation Program, Enjela Pratiwi, Heriyanto Heriyanto

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Libraries improve a country’s society quality through development, change, as well as science and technology. The Indonesian National Library has adopted social inclusion-based library services to improve society’s quality of life through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the social inclusion-based library transformation program implementation in Indonesia. Qualitative methods were used with data collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation. The data were analysed by the thematic analysis technique, which identifies patterns of research phenomena and involved three themes, including program concept, strategy, and targets. Furthermore, the program concept explains the basis of the Social …

Analysis Of Information Communication Technology Competencies Among Distance Learning Students Of Kuvempu University: A Study, Veena Naik G, Shivalingaiah D Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Information Communication Technology competencies among distance learners. Structured questionnaire was prepared and administered to the various disciplines, namely the Social Sciences, Science/Technology, and Commerce/Management. 1650 questionnaires were distributed and 1435 completely filled questionnaires were received obtaining a response rate of 87.0 %.It was found that, 1377 majority (95.9%) of the respondents use the Smart Phone,because it has maximum mobility and convenience, 1244(86.7%) of them opined ICT facilitate Communicating with many simultaneously, Quick Response with 1090(76.0%) response, Time saving with 1064 (74.1%) response, Learning from others contribution with 960(66.9%) response. majority 1086(75.7%)users …