Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Modeling Nonsegmented Negative-Strand Rna Virus (Nnsv) Transcription With Ejective Polymerase Collisions And Biased Diffusion, Felipe-Andres Piedra

Research Symposium

Background: The textbook model of NNSV transcription predicts a gene expression gradient. However, multiple studies show non-gradient gene expression patterns or data inconsistent with a simple gradient. Regarding the latter, several studies show a dramatic decrease in gene expression over the last two genes of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genome (a highly studied NNSV). The textbook model cannot explain these phenomena.

Methods: Computational models of RSV and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV – another highly studied NNSV) transcription were written in the Python programming language using the Scientific Python Development Environment. The model code is freely available on GitHub: …

Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning, Dumindu Samaraweera

Math Department Colloquium Series

AI's applicability across diverse fields is hindered by data sensitivity, privacy concerns, and limited training data availability. Federated Learning (FL) addresses this challenge by enabling collaborative machine learning while preserving data privacy. FL allows clients to engage in model training with their local data, avoiding centralized storage. However, even with FL, security threats persist, jeopardizing model integrity and client data privacy. In this presentation, we will explore our latest findings in this area of research, safeguarding sensitive data from attacks through techniques like secure multiparty computation, homomorphic encryption, and differential privacy within the FL framework, enhancing data protection, and expanding …

Seasonal Dynamics Of Karst Surface Dissolution Based On A Limestone Tables Experiment (Slovak Karst), Alena Gessert, Zdenko Hochmuth

International Journal of Speleology

Chemical denudation in karst is the basic process of karst relief formation. However, it is influenced by many factors of varying intensity that depend on the climatic conditions and characteristics of each given location. Based on measurable results of weight loss of limestone tablets, we monitored the intensity of chemical denudation in two areas of the Slovak Karst, Silica Plateau and Jasov Plateau that are situated in the most developed karst plateau region of Slovakia. Both experimental sites are similar in terms of geographical conditions, thus comparable between them. In each locality, we placed three sets of standardized tablets at …

A Gentle Introduction To Chatgpt, Steven W. Holloway

Libraries

A guest lecture on the state of commercial generative transformer technology, mid-2023, to a general audience at Staunton Public Library.

Developing New Strategies Towards The Fabrication Of Flexible, Organic Electronics, Daniella Skaf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An investigation into the use of greener dielectric and substrate materials, specifically shellac and paper, was done through the development of paper-based organic thin film transistors. Shellac and paper both hold advantageous properties that were explored in Chapter III, through the optimization in the fabrication of the devices and an evaluation of the electrical properties of these newly developed organic transistors. Different designs were explored using two common DPP-based polymers, P(DPP-T) and P(DPP-TVT), as the active materials, with Design #2 (bottom-gate top-contact) proving to be the best performing device according to the on/off ratio, charge mobilities and threshold voltage. Shellac …

Transmission Power Based Congestion Control Using Q-Learning Algorithm In Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (Vanet), Pooja Chandrasekharan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To enhance road safety, Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), an emerging wireless technology used for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, are essential components to reduce road accidents and traffic congestion in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). It also provides additional services to vehicles and their users. However, vehicles must balance awareness and congestion control in a dynamic environment to efficiently transmit basic safety messages (BSMs) and event-driven warnings. The limited channel capacity makes the reliable delivery of BSMs a challenging problem for VANETs. This paper aims to optimize the performance of VANETs by effectively managing channel load and reducing congestion by maintaining …

An Approach Of Lip Synchronization With Facial Expression Rendering For An Eca, Mohammed Maaz Mohammed Shoieb Khan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

E-Tutoring systems have emerged as effective tools for remote learning and personalized education. However, to foster engaging and interactive experiences, there is a need to enhance the communication and expressiveness of virtual tutors within these systems. This research focuses on integrating facial expression animation and lip-syncing capabilities into an e-tutoring system, aiming to improve the realism and effectiveness of virtual tutor interactions. The study presents a novel approach to animating the facial expressions of the virtual tutor’s avatar using computer graphics, 3D animation, and computer vision techniques. Working with 3D files and using them to interpolate each face vertex are …

Archean (3.3 Ga) Paleosols And Paleoenvironments Of Western Australia, Gregory J. Retallack, Mark D. Schmitz

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Pilbara craton of northwestern Australia is known for what were, when reported, the oldest known microfossils and paleosols on Earth. Both interpretations are mired in controversy, and neither remain the oldest known. Both the microfossils and the paleosols have been considered hydrothermal artefacts: carbon films of vents and a large hydrothermal cupola, respectively. This study resampled and analyzed putative paleosols within and below the Strelley Pool Formation (3.3 Ga), at four classic locations: Strelley Pool, Steer Ridge, Trendall Ridge, and Streckfuss, and also at newly discovered outcrops near Marble Bar. The same sequence of sedimentary facies and paleosols was …

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency In An Ensemble Of Three-Level Lambda Systems, Sara Moezzi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is a technique whereby a medium otherwise opaque to radiation of a particular frequency can be made transparent at that frequency by applying radiation of an appropriate second frequency. EIT demonstrates numerous current applications, with a notable focus on its utilization within the field of quantum information. Given the absence of an established theory of EIT in atomic ensembles, my primary focus is to develop theoretical models that describe both the quantum mechanical origin of EIT as well as the effect of interatomic interactions. In this thesis, I present two theoretical models of EIT in an …

Influence Of Lake Volume On Trophic Position, Carbon Use, And Resource Partitioning In Fish Across A Narrow Range Of Ecosystem Size, Alyssa Andersen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lake size is an important factor governing seasonal variation in limnological phenomena, origin of nutrient sources, species interactions, cross-habitat linkages, and trophic pathways, all having complex influences on food web structure and function. Lake size effects are most clearly demonstrated across very wide gradients in surface area or volume. This approach incorporates several complicating and collinear elements such as changing fish assemblages and species richness, and therefore, incorporates additional but unaccounted shifts in food web structure and function. A comparison across a finer lake size gradient where fish assemblages and species richness change little or not at all is needed …

Principles Of Chemistry Ii, Janet L. Shaw

KSU Distinguished Course Repository

Second course in a two-semester sequence covering the fundamental principles and applications of chemistry designed for science majors.

With a pre-requisite of CHEM 1211: Principles of Chemistry I, this course is part of a two-semester sequence covering principles and applications of chemistry. The course is designed to help students apply simplified models to complex systems to build critical thinking and problem-solving skills. A major goal of this course is to help students become self-directed learners thereby preparing them for whatever career path they choose. Although designed for science majors who typically complete the course during their freshman year, pre-health majors …

Using Harmonization To Examine Freshwater Mussel Species At Risk: A Sydenham River Watershed Case Study, Julia Ann Willsie

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There are over 300 species of freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) across North America with many populations at risk or in decline. Mussels provide essential ecosystem services, yet they remain largely underexplored in terms of distribution, population sizes, life history traits, and co-existence with hosts, making species conservation efforts a challenge. To advance the conservation of freshwater mussel species at risk of extinction (SAR), this thesis aims to extend understanding of freshwater mussel SAR distributions in a biodiverse but vulnerable watershed in the Laurentian Great Lakes basin. This thesis asks: How can freshwater mussel SAR distribution data be leveraged through existing …

Self-Organization For Community Resilience In An Invisible Agricultural Community, Anna Erwin, Chelsea A. Silva, Zhao Ma

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study investigates how self-organizing efforts by residents of informal settlements, primarily migrant and informal farmworkers, shape community resilience in Majes, a water-scarce irrigation district in the Atacama Desert of Peru. We collected 45 semi-structured interviews with residents and authorities in Majes and analyzed findings through a framework of self-organizing. Analyses revealed that self-organizing by residents of informal settlements incorporated the three components of White’s theory of Community Agency and Community Resilience, which contends that marginalized communities increase resilience by fostering a commons praxis, practicing a prefigurative politics, and developing opportunities for economic autonomy. We also found …

Area-Efficient Finite Field Multiplication Using Hybrid Set-Mos Technology, Chen Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This work studies area-efficient implementation of bit-parallel binary polynomial multiplication and Karatsuba algorithm (KA), which have important applications in error control coding and network security, especially elliptic curve cryptography, among many other areas. All existing works in this respect are based on traditional CMOS technology. Research shows that new nanodevices such as single-electron transistors (SETs) can offer the great potential at device- and technology-level to further improve area cost in many digital applications (especially multiplication), thanks to their unique Coulomb oscillation characteristics. This thesis first proposes hybrid SET-MOS technology to design the XOR networks that are extensively used in polynomial …

Anomaly Detection In Large Datasets: A Case Study In Loan Defaults, Rayhaan Pirani

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Given the rise in loan defaults, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to predict if customers might default on a loan for risk management. This thesis proposes an early warning system architecture using anomaly detection based on the unbalanced nature of loan default data in the real world. Most customers do not default on their loans; only a tiny percentage do, resulting in an unbalanced dataset. We aim to evaluate potential anomaly detection methods for their suitability in handling unbalanced datasets. We conduct a comparative study on different anomaly detection approaches on four balanced and unbalanced datasets. We …

An End-To-End Hybrid Approach To Automatic And Semi-Automatic Image Annotation, Roisul Islam Rumi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents a new end-to-end hybrid machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approach for semi-automatic image annotation (SAIA) and automatic image annotation (AIA) in industrial assembly line setups. Image annotation refers to adding descriptive labels or tags to an image to provide information about the objects and features present in the image. On a high level, the proposed system uses the following steps to annotate images. The first step involves using an ML algorithm, Haar cascade, to split an image into smaller regions of interest (ROI) based on the object of interest, in our case, the connectors of …

Wallaby Pre-Pilot Survey: Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies In The Eridanus Supergroup, B-Q For, K. Spekkens, L. Stavely-Smith, K. Bekki, A. Karunakaran, B. Catinella, Bärbel S. Koribalski, K. Lee-Waddell, Juan P. Madrid, C. Murugeshan

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

We present a pilot study of the atomic neutral hydrogen gas (H I) content of ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) candidates. In this paper, we use the pre-pilot Eridanus field data from the Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind Survey to search for H I in UDG candidates found in the Systematically Measuring Ultra-diffuse Galaxies survey (SMUDGes). We narrow down to 78 SMUDGes UDG candidates within the maximum radial extents of the Eridanus subgroups for this study. Most SMUDGes UDGs candidates in this study have effective radii smaller than 1.5 kpc and thus fail to meet the defining size threshold. We …

Wasted Space, Ryan Martyn

Dissertations and Theses

This paper performs a spatial analysis of Portland, Oregon, with a focus on identifying and utilizing "wasted space," such as parking lots and vacant land, as strategic opportunities to enhance the completeness of the city. The planning concept of a "complete neighborhood" is defined as a locality that offers residents access to all essential aspects of daily life within a convenient walking distance. This notion encompasses elements, such as walkability, accessibility to essential services and amenities, sustainability, and equity. The objective of this study is to provide a more precise definition of the planning concept of a complete neighborhood and …

Structural Control Of Metallothionein Metallation And Oxidation, Natalie C. Korkola

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Metallothioneins (MT) are a family of cysteine-rich metal-binding intrinsically disordered proteins that are ubiquitous across life. The proposed functions of MTs are to maintain Zn(II) homeostasis, participate in heavy metal detoxification, and protect against oxidative stress by binding to a variety of metals in a range of stoichiometries. However, due to their disordered nature and ability to form multiple metallated species, these diverse structures are not well characterized. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) is a technique that allows quantification of heterogeneous metallation states through analysis of the speciation distributions. In this thesis, ESI-MS in combination with other spectroscopic techniques is …

Parameter Estimation For Normally Distributed Grouped Data And Clustering Single-Cell Rna Sequencing Data Via The Expectation-Maximization Algorithm, Zahra Aghahosseinalishirazi

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is an iterative algorithm for finding the maximum likelihood estimates in problems involving missing data or latent variables. The EM algorithm can be applied to problems consisting of evidently incomplete data or missingness situations, such as truncated distributions, censored or grouped observations, and also to problems in which the missingness of the data is not natural or evident, such as mixed-effects models, mixture models, log-linear models, and latent variables. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, we apply the EM algorithm to grouped data, a problem in which incomplete data are evident. Nowadays, data confidentiality is of …

Thermal And Fluid Evolution Of The Clearwater West Impact-Generated Hydrothermal System, Quebec, And Associated Astrobiological Implications, Daliah R. Bibas

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Impact-generated hydrothermal systems result from interactions between a permeable substrate, an impact-generated heat source, and fluids (e.g., H₂O). A comprehensive understanding of the evolution of these terrestrial features has significant implications in the search for habitable environments on Mars, a focus in the emerging field of astrobiology. This thesis presents a detailed case study of the impact-generated hydrothermal alteration of impactites at the Clearwater West impact structure, Quebec, focusing on hydrothermally precipitated quartz vugs in crater-fill impact melt rocks. Sample analysis included optical microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, mass spectrometry, and fluid inclusion microthermometry. Results show 3 main quartz …

Multi-Criteria Analysis Of The Possibility Of Retrofitting The System Of Rainwater Drainage From Subsidence Basins In A Liquidated Mine, Andrzej Chmiela, Małgorzata Wysocka, Adam Smoliński

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Mine closure is the natural final stage of mining activity. The process of financing mine liquidation is complex and expensive. The many years of conducted hard coal extraction affect the surface height differences. Analyses of the shifts in hydrogeological conditions and water hazard states in mining plants led to legal regulation adaptations, primarily in terms of hydrogeological documentation preparation, and made it necessary to conduct work concerning new options for water hazard assessment and prevention. Current subjects of particular interest include shifts in terrain morphology and the water regime, resulting in periodic flooding and permanent flooding of the most depressed …

Response Of Lake Metabolism To Catchment Inputs Inferred Using High-Frequency Lake And Stream Data From Across The Northern Hemisphere, Jessica R. Corman, Jacob A. Zwart, Jennifer Klug, Denise A. Bruesewitz, Elvira De Eyto, Marcus Klaus, Lesley B. Knoll, James A. Rusak, Michael J. Vanni, María Belén Alfonso, Rocio Luz Fernandez, Huaxia Yao, Kari Austnes, Raoul-Marie Couture, Heleen A. De Wit, Jan Karlsson, Alo Laas

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

In lakes, the rates of gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP) are often controlled by resource availability. Herein, we explore how catchment vs. within lake predictors of metabolism compare using data from 16 lakes spanning 39^oN to 64^oN, a range of inflowing streams, and trophic status. For each lake, we combined stream loads of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) with lake DOC, TN, and TP concentrations and high frequency in situ monitoring of dissolved oxygen. We found that stream load stoichiometry indicated lake stoichiometry …

Data Ethics And Privacy For Researchers, Kelley F. Rowan

Works of the FIU Libraries

This workshop addresses specific data privacy and anonymization standards and techniques for researchers that are collecting personally identifiable information as well as sensitive information. The workshop covers federal, state, and international laws and regulations governing data privacy, the development of an impact assessment and privacy policy. The second half of the workshop focuses on ethical workflows, anonymization techniques and related resources.

Residential Metals Abatement Program Investigation Summary Report (Non-Residential Parcels – Indoor Dust) - West Elementary School, Environmental Resource Management (Erm)

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

On The Propagation Of Whistler-Mode Waves In The 2 Magnetic Ducts, Salman A. Nejad, Anatoly V. Streltsov

Publications

This paper studies extremely-low frequency (ELF) whistler-mode waves’ behavior within small-scale magnetic field irregularities in the Earth’s magnetosphere, known as magnetic ducts. Based on the magnetic fields’ magnitude inside and outside these ducts, they are categorized as high-magnetic ducts (HBD) and low-magnetic ducts (LBD). Using the whistler-mode dispersion relation analysis, our primary focus is to show that LBDs are prone to leak electromagnetic energy outside the duct. We further investigate the hypothesis that whistlers can propagate within LBDs without any signal loss when the width of the duct corresponds to an integer multiple of the perpendicular wavelengths of the waves …

Residential Metals Abatement Program Investigation Summary Report (Non-Residential Parcels – Indoor Dust) West Elementary School, Environmental Resource Management (Erm)

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Study Of Multilayer Flow Of Two Immiscible Nanofluids In A Duct With Viscous Dissipation, Jawali C. Umavathi, Mahanthesh Basavarajappa

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Numerical simulations for the mixed convective multilayer flow of two different immiscible nanofluids in a duct with viscous heating effects were performed in this study. The left and right faces of the duct are maintained to be isothermal, while other side faces are insulated. The mathematical governing system for each layer consists of an incompressibility condition equation, the Navier–Stokes momentum equation, and the conservation of energy equation. At the interface of the immiscible layer, the continuity of velocity, shear stress, temperature, and heat flux are considered. The dimensionless equations governing each layer were numerically integrated using the finite difference method …

Fundamental Study Of Ionic Liquid Physicochemical Effects On Thermal Stability Of Model Biological Macromolecules, Austin Keith Clark

Theses and Dissertations

Ionic Liquids (ILs) are substances with a unique physical attribute compared to that of solid ionic salts. At room temperature, ILs are molten salts that have a variety of physical effects that can play a role in their impact on other molecules, as solvents or solutes. They can play the role of the solvent in a variety of applications, from biofuels to organic catalysis or as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations. These ILs have a desirable use as solvents due to their ability to be tunable substances. Changing the cation or anion of the IL causes a change in its physical …

A Field, Petrological, And Geochronological Investigation Of The Chief Joseph Dike Swarm, Mary Joyce Mass

Dissertations and Theses

The Columbia River Basalt Group is the youngest continental flood basalt province in the world and covers an aerial extent of 210,000 km² covering Oregon, southern Washington, and eastern Idaho. Eruptions occurred between approximately 17 million and 6 million years ago, with 92% of eruptions occurring within the first million-year interval. Aside from mapping and some bulk compositional data, few studies have focused on the Chief Joseph dike swarm in NE Oregon, the main eruptive center of the Columbia River Basalt Group. Prior to this study there were no published age dates for the Chief Joseph dike swarm.

This …