Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Current Developments On Extreme Value Copulas: Extended Pickands Dependence Functions, Christophe Chesneau

International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries: Mathematics

Copulas are mathematical tools used to model the dependence structure between random variables. Extreme value copulas specifically focus on capturing the tail dependence, which refers to the dependence structure between random variables when they exhibit extreme or rare events. The Pickands dependence functions are special convex functions that play a crucial role in characterizing extreme value copulas; they quantify the strength of their tail dependence. The creation of new Pickands dependence functions enhances our understanding of complex interdependencies, enabling more accurate modeling and risk assessment in diverse systems. In this article, a theoretical contribution to the topic is provided; an …

Multiple Structural And Functional Annotations Based In-Silico Characterization Of Q9brx8 Protein, Eiman Zahid, Muhammad Farhan Sarwar

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Numerous proteins found in humans are poorly understood because there is a dearth of experimental evidence. Hypothetical proteins (HPs) or uncharacterized proteins are the terms used to describe these proteins. In this work, one of these proteins, Q9BRX8, is investigated using in-silico or bioinformatics tools to reveal its significant properties. In this regard, NCBI for the sequence retrieval, ProtParam tool for analysis of physiochemical properties, SOPMA for secondary structure prediction, SWISS-Model for homology modelling, STRING for protein-protein interaction and HDOCK for protein-protein docking analysis among other tools, were incorporated. The physiochemical characteristics indicated that Q9BRX8, which has an instability score …

Electron As A Structure Made Of Basic Elementary Particles: Spinning Speed And Radius, Polievkt Perov

College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Works

We have calculated the orbital speed, the radius of an orbit of the revolving basic particles, and the angular speed of an electron in three models of an electron as a spinning composite particle. The three models suggested in our previous work [1] are the centered square structure, the rhombus structure, and the tetrahedral structure. The calculated speed of revolving basic particles, for all three models of an electron, does not exceed c, the maximum possible speed in nature: for the centered square model, in the rhombus model, and in the tetrahedral model. The results show that the spin of …

Bridging The Cultural Gap, Trish Ramos

Journal of Multicultural Affairs

Multicultural education is about teaching people about each other without bias. Banks, C. (2016) states “Teachers need to understand their students’ community and home life (pg. 278).” As teachers it is our duty to ensure that every student that enters our classroom leaves with a sense of worth and knowing that each of them matter regardless of ethnicity, religion, gender or cultural.

What Is The Priestley–Taylor Wet-Surface Evaporation Parameter? Testing Four Hypotheses, Richard D. Crago, Jozsef Szilagyi, Russell J. Qualls

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

This study compares four different hypotheses regarding the nature of the Priestley–Taylor parameter α. They are as follows:

1. α is a universal constant.
2. The Bowen ratio (H/LE, where H is the sensible heat flux, and LE is the latent heat flux) for equilibrium (i.e., saturated air column near the surface) evaporation is a constant times the Bowen ratio at minimal advection (Andreas et al., 2013).
3. Minimal advection over a wet surface corresponds to a particular relative humidity value.
4. α is a constant fraction of the difference from the minimum value of 1 to the maximum value of α …

The Fierce Green Fire: Vol. 14 Issue 1, Wofford College Environmental Studies Program

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

A Study On Feature Selection Using Multi-Domain Feature Extraction For Automated K-Complex Detection, Yabing Li, Xinglong Dong, Kun Song, Xiangyun Bai, Hongye Li, Fakhreddine Karray

Machine Learning Faculty Publications

Background: K-complex detection plays a significant role in the field of sleep research. However, manual annotation for electroencephalography (EEG) recordings by visual inspection from experts is time-consuming and subjective. Therefore, there is a necessity to implement automatic detection methods based on classical machine learning algorithms. However, due to the complexity of EEG signal, current feature extraction methods always produce low relevance to k-complex detection, which leads to a great performance loss for the detection. Hence, finding compact yet effective integrated feature vectors becomes a crucially core task in k-complex detection. Method: In this paper, we first extract multi-domain features based …

Mfa-Dvr: Direct Volume Rendering Of Mfa Models, Jianxin Sun, David Lenz, Hongfeng Yu, Tom Peterka

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

3D volume rendering is widely used to reveal insightful intrinsic patterns of volumetric datasets across many domains. However, the complex structures and varying scales of volumetric data can make efficiently generating high-quality volume rendering results a challenging task. Multivariate functional approximation (MFA) is a new data model that addresses some of the critical challenges: high-order evaluation of both value and derivative anywhere in the spatial domain, compact representation for largescale volumetric data, and uniform representation of both structured and unstructured data. In this paper, we present MFA-DVR, the first direct volume rendering pipeline utilizing the MFA model, for both structured …

Individual Difference Correlates Of Being Sexually Unrestricted Yet Declining An Hiv Test, Nicholas S. Holtzman, Stephen W. Carden, Stacy W. Smallwood, Janice Steirn, S. Mason Garrison

Department of Mathematical Sciences Faculty Publications

Which individual differences accurately predict one’s decision to get tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and do individuals who have regular short-term sex get tested at higher rates? Two studies—one lab study (total valid N = 69, with n = 20 who were tested) and one involving a student health center (valid N = 250, n = 4 who were tested)—involved participants (total valid N = 319, with n = 24 who got tested) taking a number of personality and individual difference measures, including the dark triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). Then, in both studies, participants had the opportunity to …

Near-Threshold Collisional Dynamics In The E−E+P System, H. B. Ambalampitiya, J. Stallbaumer, Ilya I. Fabrikant, I. Kalinkin, D. V. Fursa, A. S. Kadyrov, I. Bray

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We study e⁺-H(n) and Ps(n)-p collisions near the three-body breakup threshold and thresholds for the charge-transfer processes.We show that classical trajectoryMonte Carlo (CTMC) simulations for the three-body breakup agree reasonably well in this energy region with quantum-mechanical convergent close-coupling (CCC) calculations even if the initial hydrogen atom or positronium atom is in the ground state. The threshold behavior of the three-body breakup cross section in e⁺-H(1s) and Ps(1s)-p collisions agrees with the Wannier law with Klar’s exponent and obeys the classical scaling laws, although some deviation …

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Final Insufficiently Reclaimed (Ir) Sites Field Sampling And Investigation Plan (Fsp) Butte Remediation Evaluation System (Bres) No. 66 – West Ruby Dump, Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Number Of Regions Created By Random Chords In The Circle, Shi Feng

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

In this paper we discuss the number of regions in a unit circle after drawing n i.i.d. random chords in the circle according to a particular family of distribution. We find that as n goes to infinity, the distribution of the number of regions, properly shifted and scaled, converges to the standard normal distribution and the error can be bounded by Stein's method for proving Central Limit Theorem.

The Mean Sum Of Squared Linking Numbers Of Random Piecewise-Linear Embeddings Of $K_N$, Yasmin Aguillon, Xingyu Cheng, Spencer Eddins, Pedro Morales

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

DNA and other polymer chains in confined spaces behave like closed loops. Arsuaga et al. \cite{AB} introduced the uniform random polygon model in order to better understand such loops in confined spaces using probabilistic and knot theoretical techniques, giving some classification on the mean squared linking number of such loops. Flapan and Kozai \cite{flapan2016linking} extended these techniques to find the mean sum of squared linking numbers for random linear embeddings of complete graphs $K_n$ and found it to have order $\Theta(n(n!))$. We further these ideas by inspecting random piecewise-linear embeddings of complete graphs and give introductory-level summaries of the ideas …

Strengthening Brain Research In Africa, Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Nike Jesutofunmi Idowu, Samuel Tundealao, Joseph Jaiyeola, Ogunware Adedayo Emmanuel

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

This paper explores the emerging field of neuroscience in Africa, considering the unique genetic diversity, sociocultural determinants, and health inequalities in the continent. It presents numerous brain research initiatives, such as ABDRN, AMARI, APCDR, and H3Africa, aimed at understanding genetic and environmental factors influencing brain disorders in Africa. Despite numerous challenges like the brain drain phenomenon, inadequate infrastructure, and scarce research expertise, significant progress has been achieved. The paper proposes solutions, including international collaboration, capacity-building efforts, and policies to promote neuroscience research, to enhance the understanding of brain function and address brain-related health issues within the African context.

Water-Energy-Food Linkages In Community Smallholder Irrigation Schemes: Center Pivot Irrigation In Rwanda, Ankit Chandra, Derek M. Heeren, Lameck O. Odhiambo, N. Brozovic

Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Faculty Publications

Water, energy, and food are linked in intricate ways in irrigated agriculture and understanding the interplay of these components is crucial for sustainable and profitable crop production, particularly in smallholder setting such as in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluates water-energy-food linkages, engineering and economic performance, irrigation decision making, and challenges faced around water management in a community-based mechanized irrigation scheme in Rwanda. The research is the first to analyze such as scheme, which uses technology typically used by large farmers in a smallholder setting. The study investigates the variation in water requirements and the relationship and impacts of this variability …

2023 September 7 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Weekly Drought Summaries

No abstract provided.

Identity Management Pki System Using Blockchain, Mohamed Abdel Fattah Abdel Baki Awad

Theses and Dissertations

Identity management is one of the most important topics in the security field. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is the most commonly used approach in legally identity management systems. PKI systems have many centralized services that might affect the availability and trustworthiness of the system. Issues related to certificate verification methods such as Certificate Revocation List (CRL) and Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) can be avoided if blockchain is used. Blockchain is a decentralized trusted system where data can only be appended to a public ledger. Edits are not allowed in blockchain. Blockchain consists of several nodes all of them have …

The Public Health Impact Of Paxlovid Covid-19 Treatment In The United States, Yuan Bai, Zhanwei Du, Lin Wang, Eric H. Y. Lau, Isaac Fung, Petter Holme, Ben Cowling, Alison Galvani, Robert Krug, Lauren Ancel Meyers

Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The antiviral drug Paxlovid has been shown to rapidly reduce viral load. Coupled with vaccination, timely administration of safe and effective antivirals could provide a path towards managing COVID-19 without restrictive non-pharmaceutical measures. Here, we estimate the population-level impacts of expanding treatment with Paxlovid in the US using a multi-scale mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission that incorporates the within-host viral load dynamics of the Omicron variant. We find that, under a low transmission scenario (Re∼1.2) treating 20% of symptomatic cases would be life and cost saving, leading to an estimated 0.26 (95% CrI: 0.03, 0.59) million hospitalizations averted, 30.61 (95% …

What Is Microbial Dormancy, Mark D. Mcdonald, Carlos Owusu-Ansah, Jared B. Ellenbogen, Zachary D. Malone, Michael P. Ricketts, Steve E. Frolking, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Michael Ibba, Sarah C. Bagby, J. L. Weissman

Faculty Publications

Life can be stressful. One way to deal with stress is to simply wait it out. Microbes do this by entering a state of reduced activity and increased resistance commonly called ‘dormancy’. But what is dormancy? Different scientific disciplines emphasize distinct traits and phenotypic ranges in defining dormancy for their microbial species and system-specific questions of interest. Here, we propose a unified definition of microbial dormancy, using a broad framework to place earlier discipline-specific definitions in a new context. We then discuss how this new definition and framework may improve our ability to investigate dormancy using multi-omics tools. Finally, we …

Hawc Study Of The Very-High-Energy Γ-Ray Spectrum Of Hawc J1844−034, A. Albert, C. Alvarez, D. Avila Rojas, H. A.Ayala Solares, R. Babu, E. Belmont-Moreno, S. Groetsch, D. Huang, P. Huntemeyer, R. Turner, X. Wang, Et Al.

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2

Recently, the region surrounding eHWC J1842−035 has been studied extensively by γ-ray observatories due to its extended emission reaching up to a few hundred TeV and potential as a hadronic accelerator. In this work, we use 1910 days of cumulative data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory to carry out a dedicated systematic source search of the eHWC J1842−035 region. During the search, we found three sources in the region, namely, HAWC J1844−034, HAWC J1843−032, and HAWC J1846−025. We have identified HAWC J1844−034 as the extended source that emits photons with energies up to 175 TeV. We compute …

Structure-From-Motion Derived Snow Cover In Burned Forests Of The Western Oregon Cascades, Siobhan Ciafone

Dissertations and Theses

Forest fire occurrence in the western US has increased rapidly since the 1980s, and most western US fires occur in the seasonal snow zone. Burned forests influence snow accumulation and melt patterns for years following fire, and understanding drivers of variability in snow cover across a burned landscape at the basin-scale is necessary for accurate hazard prediction and water resource forecasting. Basin-scale surveys of snowpack are possible with remote sensing, but accurate sensing methods such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) are often cost-prohibitive. In the last decade, structure-from-motion (SfM), an optical remote sensing technique, has emerged as an affordable …

Interplay Of Forces In Impinging Jet Flow And Circular Hydraulic Jump, Abdelkader Baayoun

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The circular liquid jet impingement with subsequent hydraulic jump formation is studied theoretically using boundary-layer and thin-film approaches. Three different scenarios are tackled, namely, an accelerated Newtonian jet impinging on a stationary disk, a steady Newtonian jet impinging on a rotating disk, and a steady viscoelastic liquid jet impinging on a stationary disk. Accordingly, the effects of jet acceleration, gravity, centrifugal forces, and fluid elasticity on the flow behaviour and the jump are examined. The results are validated against numerical simulation and existing measurements. The findings show that the thickness of the boundary layer developing near impingement diminishes with jet …

Emotion-Aware Music Recommendation, Hieu Tran, Tuan Le, Anh Do, Tram Vu, Steven Bogaerts, Brian T. Howard

Computer Science Faculty publications

It is common to listen to songs that match one's mood. Thus, an AI music recommendation system that is aware of the user's emotions is likely to provide a superior user experience to one that is unaware. In this paper, we present an emotion-aware music recommendation system. Multiple models are discussed and evaluated for affect identification from a live image of the user. We propose two models: DRViT, which applies dynamic routing to vision transformers, and InvNet50, which uses involution. All considered models are trained and evaluated on the AffectNet dataset. Each model outputs the user's estimated valence and arousal …

Reaction Steps In Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Oxidation Of Toluene In Gas Phase—A Review, Yerzhigit Tulebekov, Zhandos Orazov, Bagdat Satybaldiyev, Daniel D. Snow, Raphaël Schneider, Bolat Uralbekov

Nebraska Water Center: Faculty Publications

A review of the current literature shows there is no clear consensus regarding the reaction mechanisms of air-borne aromatic compounds such as toluene by photocatalytic oxidation. Potential oxidation reactions over TiO₂ or TiO₂-based catalysts under ultraviolet and visible (UV/VIS) illumination are most commonly considered for removal of these pollutants. Along the pathways from a model pollutant, toluene, to final mineralization products (CO₂ and H₂O), the formation of several intermediates via specific reactions include parallel oxidation reactions and formation of less-reactive intermediates on the TiO₂ surface. The latter may occupy active adsorption sites and …

Find The Distance To The Moon, Dean Smith

AI Assignment Library

This assignment leads students through a series of measurements that lead the student to calculate the distance to the Moon. Students who complete this assignment will see how knowledge that they would normally look up is gathered through experiment and observation.

Development Of Antiviral Peptidomimetics, Songyi Xue

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for biological processes and are associated with a number of diseases, including cancer, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. As a result, modulation of PPIs has been recognized as one of the most promising strategies to develop the novel drugs. Peptide modulators always exhibit higher specificity and affinities with targets than small compounds or monoclonal antibodies, but their broad medicinal effectiveness is constrained by their poor bioavailability and biostability. Peptidomimetics, which have been developed to mimic the structure as well as function of bioactive peptides and proteins, have shown excellent potential in protein surface mimicry and …

The Molecular Biophysics Of Extracellular Vimentin And Its Role In Pathogen–Host Interactions, Sepideh Parvanian, Leila S. Coelho-Rato, John E. Eriksson, Alison E. Patteson

Physics - All Scholarship

Vimentin, an intermediate filament protein typically located in the cytoplasm of mesenchymal cells, can also be secreted as an extracellular protein. The organization of extracellular vimentin strongly determines its functions in physiological and pathological conditions, making it a promising target for future therapeutic interventions. The extracellular form of vimentin has been found to play a role in the interaction between host cells and pathogens. In this review, we first discuss the molecular biophysics of extracellular vimentin, including its structure, secretion, and adhesion properties. We then provide a general overview of the role of extracellular vimentin in mediating pathogen-host interactions, with …

Reconstruction Of Decays To Merged Photons Using End-To-End Deep Learning With Domain Continuation In The Cms Detector, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

A novel technique based on machine learning is introduced to reconstruct the decays of highly Lorentz-boosted particles. Using an end-to-end deep learning strategy, the technique bypasses existing rule-based particle reconstruction methods typically used in high energy physics analyses. It uses minimally processed detector data as input and directly outputs particle properties of interest. The new technique is demonstrated for the reconstruction of the invariant mass of particles decaying in the CMS detector. The decay of a hypothetical scalar particle A into two photons, A → γγ, is chosen as a benchmark decay. Lorentz boosts γ_L = 60–600 are …

Search For Exotic Higgs Boson Decays H → Aa → 4Γ With Events Containing Two Merged Diphotons In Proton-Proton Collisions At √S=13 Tev, A. Tumasyan

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We present the first direct search for exotic Higgs boson decays H → AA, A → γγ in events with two photonlike objects. The hypothetical particle A is a low-mass spin-0 particle decaying promptly to a merged diphoton reconstructed as a single photonlike object. We analyze the data collected by the CMS experiment at √s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 136 fb⁻¹. No excess above the estimated background is found. We set upper limits on the branching fraction β(H → AA → 4γ) of (0.9–3.3) × 10⁻³ at 95% confidence level …

Ferromagnetic Resonators Synthesized By Metal-Organic Decomposition Epitaxy, Nhat Nguyen, Bryce Herrington, Kayetan Chorazewicz, Szu-Fan (Paul) Wang, Ruthi Zielinski, John Turner, Paul D. Ashby, Ufuk Kilic, Eva Schubert, Mathias Schubert, Ronald A. Parrott, Allen A. Sweet, Robert Streubel

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Metal-organic decomposition epitaxy is an economical wet-chemical approach suitable to synthesize high-quality low-spin-damping films for resonator and oscillator applications. This work reports the temperature dependence of ferromagnetic resonances and associated structural and magnetic quantities of yttrium iron garnet nanofilms that coincide with single-crystal values. Despite imperfections originating from wet-chemical deposition and spin coating, the quality factor for out-of-plane and in-plane resonances approaches 600 and 1000, respectively, at room temperature and 40 GHz. These values increase with temperature and are 100 times larger than those offered by commercial devices based on complementary metal-oxide semiconductor voltage-controlled oscillators at comparable production costs.