Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Temporal Overlap And Co-Occurrence In A Guild Of Sub-Tropical Tephritid Fruit Flies, Gleidyane N. Lopes, Miguel F. Souza-Filho, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Leandro J.U. Lemos, Wesley A.C. Godoy, Roberto A. Zucchi

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Studies of community assembly have emphasized snapshot comparisons of spatially replicated samples from "natural" assemblages. Agro-ecosystems are characterized by relatively little habitat heterogeneity and no dispersal barriers for actively flying insects. Therefore, dynamic patterns of species segregation and aggregation are more likely to reflect the direct or indirect effects of species interactions. We studied the temporal organization of a guild of 21 congeneric species of Anastrepha that colonized fruit orchards in Monte Alegre do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil. This assemblage also included the introduced Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. One hundred six consecutive weekly censuses (11 Jan 2002-16 Jan 2004) …

Mini-Ises Identifies Promising Carbafructopyranose-Based Salens For Asymmetric Catalysis: Tuning Ligand Shape Via The Anomeric Effect, Kannan R. Karukurichi, Xiang Fei, Robert A. Swyka, Sylvain Broussy, Weijun Shen, Sangeeta Dey, Sandip K. Roy, David B. Berkowitz

David Berkowitz Publications

This study introduces new methods of screening for and tuning chiral space and in so doing identifies a promising set of chiral ligands for asymmetric synthesis. The carbafructopyranosyl-1,2-diamine(s) and salens constructed therefrom are particularly compelling. It is shown that by removing the native anomeric effect in this ligand family, one can tune chiral ligand shape and improve chiral bias. This concept is demonstrated by a combination of (i) x-ray crystallographic structure determination, (ii) assessment of catalytic performance, and (iii) consideration of the anomeric effect and its underlying dipolar basis. The title ligands were identified by a new mini version of …

The Role Of Damage And Recrystallization In The Elastic Properties Of Columnar Ice, Scott A. Snyder, Erland M. Schulson, Carl E. Renshaw

Dartmouth Scholarship

Effects of damage on elastic properties were studied in columnar-grained specimens of freshwater and saline ice, subjected, at −10°C, to varying levels of inelastic strain. The ice was compressed uniaxially at constant strain rates up to 0.20 strain, which caused localized recrystallization and imparted damage in the form of non-propagating cracks. Damage was quantified in terms of dimensionless crack density, which, along with recrystallized area fraction, was determined from thin sections. The change in porosity due to stress-induced cracks served as another indicator of damage. Elastic properties were derived using P-wave and S-wave ultrasonic transmission velocities measured in across-column directions …

Incompressibility And Global Inversion, Eduardo C. Balreira

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

Given a local diffeomorphism f : ℝn → ℝn, we consider certain in- compressibility conditions on the parallelepiped D f (x) ([0, 1]n) which imply that the pre-image of an affine subspace is non-empty and has trivial homotopy groups. These conditions are then used to establish criteria for f to be globally invertible, generalizing in all dimensions the previous results of M. Sabatini.

Global Dynamics Of Triangular Maps, Eduardo C. Balreira, Saber Elaydi, Rafael Luis

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

We consider continuous triangular maps on IN, where I is a compact interval in the Euclidean space R. We show, under some conditions, that the orbit of every point in a triangular map converges to a fixed point if and only if there is no periodic orbit of prime period two. As a consequence we obtain a result on global stability, namely, if there are no periodic orbits of prime period 2 and the triangular map has a unique fixed point, then the fixed point is globally asymptotically stable. We also discuss examples and applications of our results to competition …

Local Stability Implies Global Stability For The Planar Ricker Competition Model, Eduardo C. Balreira, Saber Elaydi, Rafael Luis

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

Under certain analytic and geometric assumptions we show that local stability of the coexistence (positive) fixed point of the planar Ricker competition model implies global stability with respect to the interior of the positive quadrant. This result is a confluence of ideas from Dynamical Systems, Geometry, and Topology that provides a framework to the study of global stability for other planar competition models.

Mathematical Classification Of Tight Junction Protein Images, Katherine Ogawa, Caitlin Troyer, Robert Doss, Farzan Aminian, Eduardo Balreira, Jonathan King

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

We present the rationale for the development of mathematical features used for classification of images stained for selected tight junction proteins. The project examined localization of zonula occludens-1, claudin-1 and F-actin in a model epithelium, Madin-Darby canine kidney II cells. Cytochalasin D exposure was used to perturb junctional localization by actin cytoskeleton disruption. Mathematical features were extracted from images to reliably reveal characteristic information of the pattern of protein localization. Features, such as neighborhood standard deviation, gradient of pixel intensity measurement and conditional probability, provided meaningful information to classify complex image sets. The newly developed mathematical features were used as …

An Oracle Method To Predict Nfl Games, Eduardo C. Balreira, Brian K. Miceli, Thomas Tegtmeyer

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

Multiple models are discussed for ranking teams in a league and introduce a new model called the Oracle method. This is a Markovian method that can be customized to incorporate multiple team traits into its ranking. Using a foresight prediction of NFL game outcomes for the 2002–2013 seasons, it is shown that the Oracle method correctly picked 64.1% of the games under consideration, which is higher than any of the methods compared, including ESPN Power Rankings, Massey, Colley, and PageRank.

A Generalization Of The Fujisawa–Kuh Global Inversion Theorem, Marius Radulescu, Sorin Radulescu, Eduardo C. Balreira

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

We discuss the problem of global invertibility of nonlinear maps defined on the finitedimensional Euclidean space via differential tests. We provide a generalization of theFujisawa-Kuh global inversion theorem and introduce a generalized ratio conditionwhich detects when the pre-image of a certain class of linear manifolds is non-emptyand connected. In particular, we provide conditions that also detect global injectivity.

Algorithmics Of Checking Whether A Mapping Is Injective, Surjective, And/Or Bijective, E. Cabral Balreira, Olga Kosheleva, Vladik Kreinovich

Eduardo Cabral Balreira

In many situations, we would like to check whether an algorithmically given mapping f:A --> B is injective, surjective, and/or bijective. These properties have a practical meaning: injectivity means that the events of the action f can be, in principle, reversed, while surjectivity means that every state b from the set B can appear as a result of the corresponding action. In this paper, we discuss when algorithms are possible for checking these properties.

Underground Fieldwork – A Cultural And Social History Of Cave Cartography And Surveying Instruments In The 19th And At The Beginning Of The 20th Century, Johannes Mattes

International Journal of Speleology

At the turn of the 20^th century, the practical examination of caves went through a radical change. Governmental organizations and private clubs were founded in an attempt to establish speleology as an independent academic subject. In contrast to earlier cave visitors, travelers began entering underground areas and attributing the names of “explorers” or “researchers” to themselves. Fieldwork—especially cave surveying and cartography—became common practice in speleology and such work provided important clues on speleogenesis, which was a controversial issue in the first half of the 20^th century. Due to the fact that speleologists began separating themselves from ordinary …

Drawing Valid Targeted Inference When Covariate-Adjusted Response-Adaptive Rct Meets Data-Adaptive Loss-Based Estimation, With An Application To The Lasso, Wenjing Zheng, Antoine Chambaz, Mark J. Van Der Laan

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Adaptive clinical trial design methods have garnered growing attention in the recent years, in large part due to their greater flexibility over their traditional counterparts. One such design is the so-called covariate-adjusted, response-adaptive (CARA) randomized controlled trial (RCT). In a CARA RCT, the treatment randomization schemes are allowed to depend on the patient’s pre-treatment covariates, and the investigators have the opportunity to adjust these schemes during the course of the trial based on accruing information (including previous responses), in order to meet a pre-specified optimality criterion, while preserving the validity of the trial in learning its primary study parameter.

In …

The Influence Of Riparian Vegetation And Season On Stream Metabolism Of Valley Creek, Minnesota, Daniel J. Hornbach, Rick Beckel, Erin N. Husted, Dylan P. Mcadam, Inga M. Roen, Amanda J. Wareham

Daniel J. Hornbach

No abstract provided.

Masthead

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

From The Editor

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Student Writing Competition

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Functions And Generality Of Logic. Reflections On Frege's And Dedekind's Logicisms, Hourya Benis Sinaceur, Marco Panza, Gabriel Sandu

MPP Published Research

This book examines three connected aspects of Frege’s logicism: the differences between Dedekind’s and Frege’s interpretation of the term ‘logic’ and related terms and reflects on Frege’s notion of function, comparing its understanding and the role it played in Frege’s and Lagrange’s foundational programs. It concludes with an examination of the notion of arbitrary function, taking into account Frege’s, Ramsey’s and Russell’s view on the subject. Composed of three chapters, this book sheds light on important aspects of Dedekind’s and Frege’s logicisms. The first chapter explains how, although he shares Frege’s aim at substituting logical standards of rigor to intuitive …

Search For Narrow High-Mass Resonances In Proton–Proton Collisions At √S=8tevdecaying To A Z And A Higgs Boson, Cms Collaboration, Cern, Switzerland, Samantha Hewamanage, Stephan Linn, Pete E. Markowitz, German Martinez, Jorge Luis Rodriguez

Department of Physics

A search for a narrow, high-mass resonance decaying into Z and Higgs (H) bosons is presented. The final state studied consists of a merged jet pair and a τpair resulting from the decays of Z and Hbosons, respectively. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8TeV, collected with the CMS experiment in 2012, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7fb−1. In the resonance mass range of interest, which extends from 0.8 to 2.5TeV, the Z and H bosons are produced with large momenta, which implies that the final products of …

Impurity Diffusion As A Possible Metal Chronometer For Pre-Detonation Nuclear Forensics, Edward T. Peskie, Howard L. Hall

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The ability to determine the age of seized nuclear material—that is, the time that has passed since it was formed— would provide crucial data to be used in its investigation. This paper reviews the methods and mathematical reasoning behind the use of diffusion theory, as previously applied to analysis of metals in ancient artifacts and other objects, to modern investigations in nuclear science. We here examine the time-dependent processes of diffusion, including grain boundary diffusion and discontinuous precipitation, and we assess the utility of examining the profiles of impurity and alloying element concentrations for use as a tool in pre-detonation …

The Online System For Lidar Data Handling And Real Time Monitoring Of Lidar Operations At Alo-Usu, Luis Navarro Dominguez, Vincent B. Wickwar, Jose Gamboa, Marco Milla

Conference publications

t is no longer sufficient to use lidar, such as the Rayleigh lidar at the Atmospheric Lidar Observatory (ALO) at Utah State University (USU), to observe the middle atmosphere and reduce the data to geophysical parameters. Extended operations, with inevitable equipment, data reduction, and analysis improvements, require us to keep careful track of all these changes and how they affect the scientific products. Furthermore, many of the funding agencies and the journals now require us to do, at least, some of this. We have built three interconnected data structures to organize and manage the different hardware and software set- ups …

Cover

International Journal of Nuclear Security

No abstract provided.

Radiation Damage As A Possible Metal Chronometer For Pre-Detonation Nuclear Forensics, Edward T. Peskie, Howard L. Hall

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The better we can determine how long ago nuclear material was made, the sharper our tools for investigating seized nuclear materials. This paper examines the effects of radiation damage caused by the decay of uranium isotopes, and assesses how experts in nuclear forensics could use the analyses of these damaged regions to determine how much time has passed since metal samples were formed. It also draws parallels from fission track dating studies of mineral samples under geologic time, and proposes modifications to past publications on α-recoil track dating in order to determine the time since a metal sample was cast …

Search For A Pseudoscalar Boson Decaying Into A Z Boson And The 125 Gev Higgs Boson In View The Mathml Sourceℓ+ℓ−Bb‾ Final States, Cms Collaboration, Cern, Switzerland, Samantha Hewamanage, Stephan Linn, Pete E. Markowitz, German Martinez, Jorge Luis Rodriguez

Department of Physics

Results are reported on a search for decays of a pseudoscalar A boson into a Z boson and a light scalar h boson, where the Z boson decays into a pair of oppositely-charged electrons or muons, and the h boson decays into bb. The search is based on data from proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy √s=8TeVcollected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7fb−1. The h boson is assumed to be the standard model-like Higgs boson with a mass of 125GeV. With no evidence for signal, upper limits are obtained on the product of the production …

Hydrogen Exchange Mass Spectrometry For Studying Protein-Ligand Interactions, Modupeola A. Sowole

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Hydrogen deuterium exchange (HDX) coupled with mass spectrometry is widely used for probing protein structure and dynamics. Protein-ligand interactions usually induce a reduction in the measured HDX rates an effect that may be ascribed to stabilization of the protein structure. This work aims to improve the general understanding of the changes in HDX patterns associated with ligand binding.

We initially applied HDX for studying differences between oxy-hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) and aquomet-hemoglobin (Chapter 2). The results show that the α and β subunits respond differently to the oxy to aquomet transition with the heme binding pocket being destabilized in both cases. The …

Structural And Physical Properties Of Biofield Treated Thymol And Menthol, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Shrikant Patil, Rakesh K. Mishra, Snehasis Jana

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space Vs. Frame Estimates, Palle E. T. Jorgensen, Myung-Sin Song

SIUE Faculty Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity

We consider conditions on a given system F of vectors in Hilbert space H, forming a frame, which turn Hinto a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. It is assumed that the vectors in F are functions on some set Ω . We then identify conditions on these functions which automatically give H the structure of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space of functions on Ω. We further give an explicit formula for the kernel, and for the corresponding isometric isomorphism. Applications are given to Hilbert spaces associated to families of Gaussian processes.

Negative Outcome Control For Unobserved Confounding Under A Cox Proportional Hazards Model, Eric J. Tchetgen Tchetgen, Tamar Sofer, David Richardson

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Growing The Practice Of Vocal Sketching, S. Delle Monache, D. Rocchesso, S. Baldan, Davide Andrea Mauro Phd

Computer Sciences and Electrical Engineering Faculty Research

Sketch-thinking in the design domain is a complex representational activity, emerging from the reflective conversation with the sketch. A recent line of research on computational support for sound design has been focusing on the exploitation of voice, and especially vocal imitations, as effective representation strategy for the early stage of the design process. A set of introductory exercises on vocal sketching, to probe the communication effectiveness of vocal imitations for design purposes, are presented and discussed, in the scope of the research-through-design workshop activities of the EU project SkAT-VG.

The Quantum Efficiency Of Cdse Semiconducting Nanocrystals, Charles Bledsoe

Undergraduate Theses

CdSe molecules are semiconducting nanocrystals that absorb visible light and emit broad wavelengths of light in response. They utilize electromagnetic radiation not only for emitting broad wavelengths of visible light, but for fluorescence, conducting electricity, and vibrational relaxation. The Thermal Lensing technique (TL) can be used to study the lifetimes of the excited state transitions and the various nonradiative processes molecules can undergo in order to better understand the excited state dynamics of semiconducting nanocrystals, and in turn, better understand how these molecules may be applied in solar cells, lasers, and fluorescence labeling. Using known methods, four samples of CdSe …

From Solution Into The Gas Phase: Studying Protein Hydrogen Exchange And Electrospray Ionization Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Robert G. Mcallister

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Here, we apply Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate fundamental aspects of structural mass spectrometry (MS). We first examine microscopic phenomena underlying Hydrogen/Deuterium exchange (HDX). HDX interrogates structural dynamics of proteins by measuring the rate of Deuterium uptake into backbone amides. We perform microsecond MD simulations on ubiquitin to investigate this process. We find that HDX protection often cannot be explained by H‑bonding or solvent accessibility considerations. These findings caution against non-critical use of HDX data in structural contexts. We next use MD to examine the Electrospray ionization (ESI) mechanism of proteins. ESI is a soft ionization technique resulting in …