Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Comparison Of Yield, Forage Quality And Persistence Of 11 Grasses Grown With Irrigation In A Semi-Arid Climate, D E. Glover, G A. Kielly, R H. Cohen, P G. Jefferson

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Nutritive quality of many grass species used for forage in the Northern Great Plains of Canada and the United States is not well documented, especially at different maturity stages. This study compared agronomic and forage quality characteristics of eleven grasses common to Saskatchewan. Botanical separation and quality analysis was undertaken at three growth stages. Meadow Brome (Bromus riparius), Russian Wildrye (Psathyrostachys juceus) and Altai Wildrye (Elymus angustus) were shown to have high leaf to stem ratios which corresponded with high protein levels. Separations showed persistence of Reed Canarygrass (Phalaris arudinaceus), Creeping Foxtail …

The Effect Of Grazing On Leaf Development In Eight Grass Species, H A. Lardner, S.B M. Wright, R H. Cohen

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Grazing by herbivores affects grass species both morphologically and physiologically. A grazing study was conducted on an irrigated pasture near Outlook, Saskatchewan, Canada during the summers of 1991 and 1992 to determine morphological development of regrowth of reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.), slender wheatgrass (Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners subsp. trachycaulus), intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D.R. Dewey subsp. intermedium), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), meadow bromegrass (Bromus beibersteinii Roem. & Schult.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.) Wimm.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in order to …

The Effect Of Slurry And Dirty Water Application To Swards On Grazing Behaviour In Dairy Cows, S Danby, J A. Laws, P D. Penning, B F. Pain, E Owen

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In preference tests using pairs of turves in boxes (treated and control), dairy cows were more averse to surface spread than shallow injected slurry and more averse to slurry than dirty water. Effects of slurry persisted for up to 6 weeks, with fewer bites and less herbage removed from treated swards compared to control swards. Aversion to slurry may be decreased by injection. Effects of dirty water persisted for only 14 days.

Applications Of Height-Based Grazing Management In Mixed Swards, A Singh, J E. Johnston, E A. Clark

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Grazing efficiency and livestock performance were compared on swards rotationally grazed down to either 50 or 100 mm for three years. With a fixed entry height of 200-250 mm, standing swards of mixed grasses and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were stratified into 50 mm vertical layers both pre- and post-grazing. Through four or five cycles of grazing each year for three years, a fixed entry height range stabilized total standing herbage at 3250 to 3690 kg OM ha-1. Organic matter on-offer above 100 mm was 36, 45, and 43% of total standing herbage in the three years, compared …

Ingestive Behavior Of Fistulated And Intact Sheep Grazing Grass And Legumes Indoors And Outdoors, Y M. Gong, J Hodgson, M G. Lambert

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Components of short-term ingestive behaviour were recorded for fistulated and intact sheep grazing turves in indoor crates, and for esophageal-fistulated sheep grazing swards in situ in outdoor cages. Perennial ryegrass, orchard grass and white clover at vegetative and reproductive growth stages were offered to the sheep. Bite weight, depth, area and volume did not differ between sheep grazing indoors and outdoors, nor between intact and fistulated sheep. Bite rate of fistulated sheep was slower indoors than outdoors (25.3 versus 32.1 bites/min), and intact sheep had a higher biting rate (36.7 versus 25.3 bites/min) than fistulated sheep. Bite weight was over-estimated …

Dairy Production From Pasture In Southern China, P.N P. Matthews, J Hodgson, A.C P. Chu, W L. Jiang, C B. Luo

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

This paper covers the development of dairy production systems as part of the UNDP funded Agro-grasslands Systems Development Project in Guizhou Province, China. The basic philosophy for the project was for local adaptation of New Zealand technology for developing dairy production systems based on pastures. The dairy production systems were established and the outputs of the project successfully achieved. Net incomes of smallholder farmers increased from a baseline of RMB $140 to RMB $1740 per annum over a three year period. Based on the experienced gained in setting up these systems local researchers, administrators, extension personnel and smallholders were able …

Trace Mineral Status Of Beef Cattle Grazing Semiarid Rangelands Of North Mexico, J R. Kawas, G T. Armienta, E Olivares, O Torress, J J. Kawas, F Garza

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Trace mineral concentrations of soil, forage and serum of range cattle of the northeast Mexico state of Nuevo Leon were determined in both wet and dry seasons of 1992. For each season, collections were made at twenty-four ranches within eleven counties of three regions. A total of 220 soil, 680 forage and 220 blood samples were collected and analyzed. No differences (P<0.05) between regions were obtained for Zinc (28.0 to 34.9 ppm) or Copper (4.4 to 5.4 ppm). Molybdenum concentrations were greater in the northern (2.1 ppm) than in the central (1.6 ppm) or southern (1.5 ppm) regions. Considering the critical levels in forages for Zinc (30 ppm) and Copper (10 ppm) reported by the National Research Council (1984), Zinc concentrations may be marginally deficient, whereas Copper concentrations were deficient in all three regions, in both seasons, and in grasses and woody species.

Forage-Based Seasonal Dairying In South Louisiana, H A. Deramus, L Labbe, K Ingawa, W A. Atkinson, M J. Simon, J D. Roussel

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The effects on the net profit and total milk production were compared using two levels of grain supplementation and forage-only feeding in a program of seasonal dairying in South Louisiana using management intensive grazing. Treatments were 8 kg grain, 4 kg grain, and 0 grain supplementation. Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorium) and clovers (Trifolium incarnatum, and T. Alexandrinum) were grazed intensively with 51 multiparous Jersey and Holstein cows in mid-lactation in 1993-1995. Milk production, milk fat, milk protein, and blood urea nitrogen were measured. Milk and protein models were all highly significant for all classes. Daily milk …

Influence Of Sheep And Goats On The Natural Succession, H D. Matthes, S Demise, M Schubert, H Mohring

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A study was conducted to examine the effect of extensively-grazed pasture on the botanical composition. The trails were carried out in the year 1992 to 1995. For the study different breeds of sheep with the stocking rate of 30 sheep with their lambs / 2.6 ha were used. For the mixed-grazing a ratio of 20 sheep and 10 goats with their lambs / 2.6 ha were used. It is not possible to control all problem species with the help of sheepgrazing only. In contrast to that, it was concluded that goats grazed off all problem species quite effectively. Botanical composition …

Influence Of Different Breeds Of Pigs To The Natural Succession, H D. Matthes, A.C D. Micklich, G Dietl, H Mohring, W Jentsch

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of pigs on the natural succession. We used 4 different breeds of pigs for our investigations. Because of the grazing behaviour and their rooting activity the total number of plants increased up to 30%. But the vegetation quickly returned to conditions prior to rooting, if the rooting activity fails to happen. Rooting activity of pigs on floodplain soil and following grazing in the next spring after rooting permits seeds of different species of plants to germinate and develop in the plant free areas. These plants often have little chance …

Analytic Properties Of Quantum States On Manifolds, Manimugdha Saikia

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The principal objective of this study is to investigate how the Kahler geometry of a classical phase space influences the quantum information aspects of the quantum Hilbert space obtained from geometric quantization and vice versa. We associated states with subsets of a product of two integral Kahler manifolds using a quantum line bundle in a particular manner. We proved that the states associated this way are separable when the subset is a finite union of products. We presented an asymptotic result for the average entropy over all the pure states on the Hilbert space H⁰(M₁,L_{1 …}

Investigating The Effect Of Bentonite Clay Compaction Density On The Corrosion Of Copper Materials, Claire Samantha Tully

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

As per international consensus on the best practice for managing used nuclear fuel (UNF), the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) plan to isolate and contain UNF within a multiple-barrier system, underground in a deep geological repository (DGR). In the proposed design, used fuel bundles will be sealed in copper-coated carbon steel used fuel containers (UFCs), encased in blocks of highly compacted bentonite clay, and emplaced ~500-800 m (depending on host rock geology) below ground. Any gaps between the rock walls and the compacted bentonite blocks will be filled with a bentonite gap fill material (GFM).

The compacted bentonite material serves …

07-08--2024 Orsp Newsletter, Liz Williamson

ORSP Newsletter

NSF research infrastructure, IDS (Institute for Data Science), NSF Mentoring Plan Requirement, NSF Pilot for Startups and Small Businesses

Road Mitigation Structures Designed For Texas Ocelots: Influence Of Structural Characteristics And Environmental Factors On Non-Target Wildlife Usage, Anna Rivera Roy, Kevin W. Ryer, Md. Saydur Rahman, John H. Young Jr., Richard J. Kline

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Roads negatively impact wildlife through habitat fragmentation, loss of habitat connectivity, and wildlife-vehicle collisions, thus road mitigation structures, such as wildlife crossing structures (WCS), wildlife guards (WG), and fencing are commonly used to address this issue all over the world, including in the United States. In South Texas, such structures were built or modified along a State Highway in an effort to address road mortality for the endangered ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) and non-target wildlife species. The goal of this study was to examine temporal changes in wildlife interactions with WCS and WG during and after their construction and …

Transforming Libraries Through Engagement: Lessons From A Library Ai Interest Group, Lily Dubach, Rachel Vacek

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Learn how one academic library is engaging with its employees to explore the latest trends, tools, and topics in AI through an interest group (IG). Through stimulating discussions, webinars, guest speakers, demos, and sharing of experiences with AI, the IG empowers its library community to explore and become more comfortable with AI. This session caters to varying levels of AI expertise. Challenges, successes, and valuable insights for deeper engagement will be shared so you can learn how to establish a similar initiative in your library.

Toxicity Of Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking: The Role Of Flavors, Sweeteners, Humectants, And Charcoal, Nada O F Kassem, Robert M. Strongin, Andrea M. Stroup, Marielle C. Brinkman, Ahmad El-Hellani, Hanno C. Erythropel, Arash Etemadi, Maciej L. Goniewicz, Eleanore G. Hansen, Noura O. Kassem, Multiple Additional Authors

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Waterpipe tobacco (WPT) smoking is a public health concern, particularly among youth and young adults. The global spread of WPT use has surged since the introduction of pre-packaged flavored and sweetened WPT, which is widely marketed as a safer tobacco alternative. Besides flavorants and sugars, WPT additives include humectants, which enhance the moisture and sweetness of WPT, act as solvents for flavors, and impart smoothness to the smoke, thus increasing appeal to users. In the United States (U.S.), unlike cigarette tobacco flavoring (with the exception of menthol), there is no FDA product standard or policy in place prohibiting sales of …

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Draft Final Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) Bres No. 120 – Bonanza Dump., Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Draft Final 2024 Residential Metals Abatement Program (Rmap) Brown’S Gulch Borrow Submittal #1, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Draft Final Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) Bres No. 120 – Bonanza Dump., Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Red Harvester Ant, Pogonomyrmex Barbatus, Nests Impact Soil Compaction But Not Temperature In Peri-Urban Habitats Of The Lower Rio Grande Valley, Geovanni Hernandez, Hannah J. Penn, Richard Cano, Lilly Victoria Elliott-Vidaurri, Robin A. Choudhury

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Ants are vital ecosystem engineers that can influence soil properties, subsequent soil processes, and associated biota via underground nest construction. Harvester ants consume seeds and are often found in arid areas. They frequently alter the soil chemistry and bulk density of the soils in and around their nest sites. Many species of harvester ants also intentionally remove vegetation around their nest openings, which creates cones or discs of bare soil that may further alter soil temperatures. However, much of the work to study the impacts of harvester ants on soil properties has occurred in shrubland and grassland settings rather than …

Diving Deeper Into Supercuspidal Representations, Prerna Agarwal

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In 2013, Reeder and Yu introduced certain low positive depth supercuspidal representations of $p$-adic groups called \textit{epipelagic} representations. These representations generalize the simple supercuspidal representations of Gross and Reeder, which have the lowest possible depth. Epipelagic representations also arise in recent work on the Langlands correspondence; for example, simple supercuspidals appear in the automorphic data corresponding to the Kloosterman $l$-adic sheaf. In this thesis, we take a first step towards the construction of ``\textit{mesopelagic} representation (of Iwahori type)'' which are the higher depth analogues of simple supercuspidal representations. We see that these constructions can be done in a similar way …

Revealing The Ongoing Speleogenetic Processes In An Underwater Cave Through The Application Of Natural Radionuclides And Stable Isotopes: Case Study From The Hypogene Buda Thermal Karst, Anita Erőss, Katalin Hegedűs-Csondo, Petra Kovács-Bodor, Dénes Szieberth, Ákos Horváth, György Czuppon, Andrea Mindszenty Dr, Szabolcs Leél-Őssy, Judit Mádl-Szőnyi

International Journal of Speleology

The underwater Molnár János Cave in the hypogene Buda Thermal Karst system (Budapest, Hungary) provides a unique site to study the effects of flowing groundwater and the interplay of fluids of different origin. The aim of the present study is to characterize the groundwater in different parts of the cave with temporal resolution, hence describe the recent speleogenetic processes within the cave. This study uses natural radioisotopes (uranium, radium, and radon) besides stable isotope ratios of oxygen and hydrogen to identify the different fluid components. The results show that the majority of the cave is situated in the flow path …

Fundamental Theory And Technological Innovation In Soil Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling: Promoting Sustainable Development Of Agriculture, Xu Zhao, Longlong Xia, Yongqiu Xia, Xiaoyuan Yan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station (hereinafter referred to as Changshu Station) was officially established in 1987. Changshu Station is the only multidisciplinary comprehensive observation, research, and demonstration station within Chinese Academy of Sciences in the Yangtze River Delta region, focusing on researches about agricultural production, resources utilization, and environmental protection. Since its establishment, Changshu Station is the pioneer in conducting systematic observational research on soil nitrogen cycling, soil carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, and agricultural non-point source pollution. Over the past five years, Changshu Station has focused on three major scientific issues facing green and sustainable …

Empowering Traditional Industries With Digital Intelligence For Transformation And Upgrading, Jiyuan Zang, Huanyong Ji, Qingxue Huang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Traditional industries are the basic support and driving force for the high-quality development of the economy. Digital intelligence is an important lever for traditional industries to achieve the transformation of old and new kinetic energy and the leapfrogging of the global value chain. This study firstly deconstructs the rich connotations of digital intelligence from the perspectives of digitalization, networkization, and intelligentization. Secondly, it analyzes the transformation mechanism and various pathways through which digital intelligence impacts traditional industries. Thirdly, it analyzes the barriers faced by traditional industries in the process of adopting digital intelligence technologies. Finally, this study puts forward four …

Monetary Policy Impact On Stock Returns For Selected South Asian Countries, Neluka Devpura, Paresh Kumar Narayan, Navin Perera

Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking

In this paper, we examine the monetary policy impact on the stock market returns and volatility for four major South Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka). We test our hypothesis that monetary policy influences both the first and second order of stock returns by using monthly data. The short-term interest rate and the Treasury bill rate are employed as proxies for monetary policy. Controlling for industrial production, inflation, exchange rates (vis-à-vis the US dollar), US interest rate, and money supply, our findings indicate that there exists a statistically significant impact of short-term interest rates on stock returns only …

Learning From “Nature-Based Solutions” To Promote Optimal Management Of Integrated Ecological Conservation And Restoration In Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, Jun Wang, Bojie Fu, Xiao Zhang, Yanxu Liu, Wenwu Zhao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau plays an important role as an ecological security barrier for China and the world, where the ecological environment has generally improved in recent years. Nevertheless, the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau still faces management challenges in dealing with the three relationships, namely, key problems and coordinated governance, natural recovery and artificial restoration, and high-quality development and high-level protection. This study proposes the application of “Nature-based Solutions” for adaptive management, including the implementation of ecological protection and restoration planning based on the “three-scale framework”, the ecological protection and restoration projects adaptation management under climate change and human disturbance based on quantitative …

Analysis Of Demand And Recycling Potential Of Lithium, Cobalt, And Nickel Under Energy Transition Emdash From Perspective Of Electric Vehicles, Xiong Ying, Shouyang Wang, Yuyao Yang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the rapid growth of demand for lithium, cobalt, and nickel, China, the United States, and the European Union have classified them as critical minerals. This study investigates the rise of China’s and the global electric vehicle industry in relation to the demand for lithium, cobalt, and nickel, forecasts the potential for recycling these metals, and evaluates the challenges to resource security of these metals faced by China. The findings underscore the necessity of enhancing international collaboration in mineral extraction abroad and enhancing capabilities to safeguard overseas assets and equity. The study advocates for expediting the establishment of an electric …

Innovation Path At Institute For Protein Design Of Washington University And Its Enlightenment For Construction Of New Life Sciences R&D Institutions, Runzhou Zhao, Ming Ni, Yunzhi Fa, Xiaochen Bo, Jian Jiao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The Institute for Protein Design (IPD) at the University of Washington is a pioneering local and state-supported non-profit scientific research institution. Since its establishment in 2012, IPD has seized the opportunity of AI for Science and open science, and continuously enhanced its capabilities of fundamental innovations, breakthrough technologies, and industrial impact. We summarized five factors contributing to IPD’s development, including focusing on the cutting-edge issues of basic scientific research to gain a first-mover advantage and then further expand, integrating AI-enhanced digital tools and solid experimental validations, facilitating the integrated development of innovation and industrial chains, giving full play to the …

Policy Overview (June, 2024)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

Insights On Strategy And Approach For China To Construct A Modern Integrated Circuits Industrial System, Ximing Yin, Beibei Zhang, Tailun Chen, Jiang Yu, Jin Chen

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The integrated circuit (IC) industry is highly complex and systematic, and its key core technology breakthroughs are highly dependent on the support of systematic capabilities. The West especially the United States has accelerated the promotion of the “small-yard, high-fence” strategy, the “New Washington Consensus”, the “de-risking”, and other systematic policies to curb China’s rise. China’s IC industry chain is facing extreme risks such as rupture or blockage. Meanwhile, facing the new mission and requirements of Chinese modernization and new-quality productivity, China needs to accelerate the modernization of the IC industry with new development paradigms, new strategies, and new approaches. Based …