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Articles 2251 - 2280 of 302419

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Nitrogen Leaching From Dairy Pastures In The Northeast United States, W L. Stout, G F. Elwinger, S L. Fales, L D. Muller, R R. Schnabel, W E. Priddy Jun 2024

Nitrogen Leaching From Dairy Pastures In The Northeast United States, W L. Stout, G F. Elwinger, S L. Fales, L D. Muller, R R. Schnabel, W E. Priddy

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

While intensive grazing has the potential to increase dairy farm profitability in the Northeast United States, the uneven recycling of N through feces and urine can increase NO3 - leaching. We measured NO3 - leaching loss from urine and feces beneath N-fertilized orchardgrass using 60 cm diameter by 90 cm deep drainage lysimeters. Mean NO3-N levels in leachate beneath these areas were 3.8, 6.5, 93.5, 110 and 139 mg l-1 for the control, feces, and spring, summer and fall applied urine. Extrapolation of the leaching data over a grazed landscape indicates that a grazing intensity for a 180-day grazing season …

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The Effect Of Forages On Soil Structure In New Zealand Mixed Cropping Rotations, G S. Francis, F J. Tabley, K M. Bartley Jun 2024

The Effect Of Forages On Soil Structure In New Zealand Mixed Cropping Rotations, G S. Francis, F J. Tabley, K M. Bartley

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this experiment was to determine the rate and extent of changes in soil structural conditions under a range of forage plants and management practices. During the first experimental phase (years 1-6), the rate of soil structural improvement was slow even in the most effective treatment, with the greatest changes apparent in the surface soil (0-10 cm). Plants that produced the greatest aboveground dry matter and root mass were the most effective at improving soil structure, especially when annual tillage was avoided. In the second phase of the experiment (year 7), a spring wheat test crop was grown …

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Sustainable And Conventional Grazing Systems For Beef Steers, V G. Allen, J P. Fontenot, W L. Daniels, A M. Zajac, G K. Evanylo, R R. Youngman, J Luna Jun 2024

Sustainable And Conventional Grazing Systems For Beef Steers, V G. Allen, J P. Fontenot, W L. Daniels, A M. Zajac, G K. Evanylo, R R. Youngman, J Luna

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A conventional grazing and crop production system and a sustainable system with integrated grazing and crop production were compared in a farm-scale experiment. The objective was to improve sustainability through improved nutrient management and reduced off-farm chemical use while retaining productivity and profitability. Each system involved 48 steers per year and 32 hectares of crop and pasture land in four replications. Daily gains and final weights were higher (P<0.05) for steers in the Sustainable System than the Conventional System but required more supplemental hay feeding. Initially, more forage was harvested from the Sustainable System, but as grazing management improved, more forage was harvested through grazing, and harvested forage became similar between the systems. Pesticide requirements were lower and N fertilizer use was reduced more than 50% for the Sustainable System. The Sustainable System maintained total crop and livestock production potential and was at least as profitable as the Conventional System.

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Triticale As Early Winter Forage For Meat Calves On Sandy Acidic Soils, M Bemhaja, D F. Risso Jun 2024

Triticale As Early Winter Forage For Meat Calves On Sandy Acidic Soils, M Bemhaja, D F. Risso

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The use of triticale as a winter forage, improves animal performance. The objective of this study was to characterize a triticale crop during winter months, in relation to liveweight gain and animal production, under different grazing systems on sandy acidic soils. Three treatments were imposed to weaned calves of 110 kg liveweight average. Continuous grazing at a herbage allowance of 4% liveweight in dry matter (C4), rotational at an herbage allowance of 4% dry matter (R4) and rotational grazing at an herbage allowance of 2. 5% liveweight (R2. 5). Individual calf gain was 585 g/day for C4 and R4 and …

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Switchgrass Growth At Various Plant Densities, R L. Reed, M A. Sanderson Jun 2024

Switchgrass Growth At Various Plant Densities, R L. Reed, M A. Sanderson

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a C4 perennial indigenous to North and Central America with potential as a bioenergy crop. Our objective was to determine the relationship between plant density, N and water stress in switchgrass. We measured aboveground plant and tiller mass, tiller number, and stage of development during 1993 and 1994. There were responses to all factors studied, but the responses were dependent on year. Nitrogen tended to increase tiller mass and number and increased stage of development in 1994. Water stress reduced tiller mass and maturity at harvest in the seeding year (1993). Managers can exert …

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The Nature Of Competition Between Forage Herbs, Perennial Ryegrass, And White Clover Under Organic Farming Conditions, A P. Umrani, D Younie, P R. English Jun 2024

The Nature Of Competition Between Forage Herbs, Perennial Ryegrass, And White Clover Under Organic Farming Conditions, A P. Umrani, D Younie, P R. English

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Chicory and ribwort were sown alone or with perennial ryegrass (PRG), PRG/white clover (WC) or WC at three seed rates (1, 5 and 20 kg/ha) in fields or in the glasshouse in the north-east of Scotland under organic farming conditions during 1995-96. PRG showed strong negative effects on root and shoot development of the herbs, but it increased total herbage production. WC had no marked effect on herb establishment when it was sown without PRG. Density dependent competition in herbs for different seed rates were higher during early establishment when plant count was high. Competition between companion species was higher …

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A Study Of Agronomic Factors Affecting The Yield And Quality Of Forage Maize In Ireland, G P. Keane Jun 2024

A Study Of Agronomic Factors Affecting The Yield And Quality Of Forage Maize In Ireland, G P. Keane

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objectives of these studies were to examine the effects of sowing date and plastic film on the yield and quality of forage maize (Zea mays L) in a marginal maize growing area. The response, in DM yield terms, to sowing in early April rather than early May differed in 1995 and 1996, but early sowing in all cases improved quality parameters. The use of plastic film, whether perforated or complete cover treatments, gave substantial yield increases in some instances, and always improved quality parameters. Perforated plastic gave highest DM yield increases with late April or early May sowings, …

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Utilizing Soil And Plant Analysis For The Prevention Of Cobalt Deficiency In New Zealand, M B. O'Connor, J Waller, J Morton, M F. Hawke Jun 2024

Utilizing Soil And Plant Analysis For The Prevention Of Cobalt Deficiency In New Zealand, M B. O'Connor, J Waller, J Morton, M F. Hawke

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The addition of trace elements to fertiliser is a well accepted method of overcoming deficiencies in plants and animals in New Zealand. Cobalt sulphate, for instance, is commonly added to fertiliser to prevent Co deficiency in grazing animals. New Zealand farmers annually apply 130 tonnes of cobalt sulphate to permanent pastures at rates up to 350g/ha/annum. Cobalt deficiency is normally diagnosed by the analysis of animal tissues or plant material. Soil Co analyses have traditionally been considered unsatisfactory for diagnostic purposes. Research, however, suggests that the relationship between soil and plant Co for particular soils is sufficiently promising to consider …

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Anatomic And Chemical Traits, And In Vitro Digestibility Of Three Tropical Grasses, S Queiroz, Jose Alberto Gomide, Jose Maria Jun 2024

Anatomic And Chemical Traits, And In Vitro Digestibility Of Three Tropical Grasses, S Queiroz, Jose Alberto Gomide, Jose Maria

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Single linear correlation was established between in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and contents of chemical entities as well as proportion of different tissues. Top and bottom leaves were sampled from Jaraguagrass, setariagrass and dwarf elephantgrass. Among the chemical entities, lignin showed better correlation with IVDMD. The proportion of sclerenchyma in the samples of stem and leaf lamina from the top layer and the parenchymall cells in the leaf sheath showed highly significant correlations with the IVDMS NDF content correlated positively with percentage of sclerenchyma, lignified vascular tissues and parenchyma bundle sheath, but negatively with percentage mesophyll and epidermis tissues. …

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White Clover Saponins And Their Variation With Shading Or Nitrogen Application Level, K Sugawara, S Ogura, Y Yashima Jun 2024

White Clover Saponins And Their Variation With Shading Or Nitrogen Application Level, K Sugawara, S Ogura, Y Yashima

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Saponins are widely present in leguminous plants. Several kinds of saponins which were different from soybean saponins were identified in white clover (Trifolium repens L.). These white clover saponins were varied in quality and quantity by the change of cultural conditions such as shading or nitrogen application. In particularly, the concentration of saponins in white clover showed tendency to increase under high light intensity and low nitrogen conditions.

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Genetic Variability Of Ruminal Starch Degradation Of Corn Harvested At Two Silage Maturities, C Philippeau, M Champion, B Michalet-Doreau Jun 2024

Genetic Variability Of Ruminal Starch Degradation Of Corn Harvested At Two Silage Maturities, C Philippeau, M Champion, B Michalet-Doreau

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

This trial was carried out to determine the influence of genotype and maturity stage on ruminal starch degradation of corn harvested at silage maturity. Two types of corn (Zea mays L.), differing in their endosperm texture, flint or dent, were harvested at 30 and 35 % whole plant DM. The degradation rate in the rumen of grains (oven dried at 40°C and ground through a 3-mm screen) was determined by the in situ technique. Mean ruminal starch degradability was 69 %. With maturity, the content of grain in the whole plant increased and ruminal starch degradability decreased (15 points). Starch …

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Estimation Of Organic Matter Digestibility And Me Content In Ruminant Feeds From In Vitro Gas Production, H Steingass, K P. Aiple, W Drochner Jun 2024

Estimation Of Organic Matter Digestibility And Me Content In Ruminant Feeds From In Vitro Gas Production, H Steingass, K P. Aiple, W Drochner

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Cumulative gas production from incubation of feedstuffs with rumen liquor or a fresh faecal suspension as inoculum in vitro together with crude nutrient composition can be used to predict organic matter digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feeds with high accuracy. In this study, prediction equations were derived for roughages using 110 samples with known in vivo digestibility. It can be demonstrated, that the accuracy of prediction of the gas production method is better compared with a pepsin-cellulase procedure and that the use of a faecal suspension as inoculum is a useful alternative when fresh rumen liquor is not …

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Self- Reseeding Forage Legumes As Green Manures In Mediterranean Cropping Systems, F Caporali, E Campiglia, R Mancinelli Jun 2024

Self- Reseeding Forage Legumes As Green Manures In Mediterranean Cropping Systems, F Caporali, E Campiglia, R Mancinelli

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Self-regenerating winter annual legumes, like the Subterranean clover and the Medicago species, are recognised as typical Mediterranean resources able to contribute to more sustainable cropping systems such as cover crops, living mulches and green manures. Experimental evidence is presented on the capacity of several cultivars of subclover (Trifolium subterraneum, L.; Trifolium yanninicum, Katzn. & Morley and Trifolium brachycalycinum, Katzn. & Morley) and annual Medicago species to yield astonishing amounts of aboveground biomass (up to 15 t/ha by the cultivars of Medicago scutellata) with high nitrogen content. The total contribution of nitrogen to soil varies (100-300 kg/ha) …

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Nitrogen Distribution Between Shoots And Roots Of Five Cool-Season Legumes, G W. Evers Jun 2024

Nitrogen Distribution Between Shoots And Roots Of Five Cool-Season Legumes, G W. Evers

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Nitrogen contribution from legume green manure crops is becoming more important as the price of N fertilizer increases in order to maintain sustainable agricultural production systems. The quantity of N in the top growth and roots of ‘Yuchi’ arrowleaf clover (Trifolium vesiculosum Savi.), ‘Tibbee’ crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) ‘Overton R18’ rose clover (Trifolium hirtum All.), ‘Mt. Barker’ subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) was determined at monthly intervals throughout the growing season. Maximum N accumulation in all species occurred in May. Hairy vetch and crimson clover had some of the …

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Effects Of Mixture Rates And Cutting Dates On The Forage Yield And Quality Of Vetch-Triticale Mixtures And Their Seed Yields Under Lowland Conditions Of Cukurova, T Tukel, E Hasar, R Hatipoglu Jun 2024

Effects Of Mixture Rates And Cutting Dates On The Forage Yield And Quality Of Vetch-Triticale Mixtures And Their Seed Yields Under Lowland Conditions Of Cukurova, T Tukel, E Hasar, R Hatipoglu

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

This study was conducted to determine the effects of mixture rates and cutting dates on the forage yield and quality of vetch-triticale mixtures. Mixtures containing 50% vetch + 50% triticale or 25% vetch + 75 % triticale can be preferred for a high forage yield and the cutting should be performed at the beginning of the pod stage in terms of herbage and hay yield unless there is a necessity for the early harvest. Even if 100 % triticale provided the highest yield 0.98 tonnes/ha of crude protein, the mixture with 25 % +75 % triticale giving 0.96 tonnes/ha yield …

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Root Distribution Study Of Forage Gramina Under Conservation Tillage Systems, By A Tracer Technique, M B. Barrios, A Bujan, A A. Bozzo, S P. Debelis Jun 2024

Root Distribution Study Of Forage Gramina Under Conservation Tillage Systems, By A Tracer Technique, M B. Barrios, A Bujan, A A. Bozzo, S P. Debelis

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The aim of this work is to evaluate the root activity patterns of three forage graminaceous species under different tillage systems. The field experiment was carried out during 1993-94 in a Mollisol under three tillage systems: plowing, chiseling tillage and subsoiling tillage system cultivated with Lolium multiflorum, Bromus catharticus and Phalaris aquatica. Significant differences were found in lateral root distribution between tillage systems. Subsoiling tillage system treatment showed the largest presence of roots at 10 cm lateral distance from the plants. No differences in root activity at 10, 20, and 30 cm from the plant were found in chiseling …

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Functions Of Permanent Grassland In The Process Of Feed Base Optimization Of Dairy Farms From Great Poland Region, P Golinski Jun 2024

Functions Of Permanent Grassland In The Process Of Feed Base Optimization Of Dairy Farms From Great Poland Region, P Golinski

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this paper was the determination of permanent grassland functions at optimization of the feed base of dairy farms in the region of Great Poland using linear programming against the background of newly developing conditions of market economy. The important factor leading to significant improvement of financial situation of farms was finding them a model of cattle feeding based on feed from permanent grasslands. However, permanent grasslands in Great Poland, when compared with arable lands, are characterized, in their models, by a low dual value. This can be attributed mainly to a low milk price and low productivity …

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Changes In Agronomic Characteristics With Maturity Of Erianthus Ik-76-110, P Mislevy, F G. Martin, M B. Adjei, J D. Miller Jun 2024

Changes In Agronomic Characteristics With Maturity Of Erianthus Ik-76-110, P Mislevy, F G. Martin, M B. Adjei, J D. Miller

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Optimal production of energy from biomass necessitates the identification and management of high yielding plant entries. Erianthus arundinaceum (Retz) Jesw. IK-76-110 was tested to determine the influence of harvest treatments at heights of 1.2, 2.5, and 3.7 m and mature in October (4.9 m), and mature in December (4.9 m and in flower) on agronomic characteristics from 1987 to 1990. All treatments received 25 kg ha-1 P and 93 kg ha-1 yr-1 K in one spring application and 336 kg ha-1 N in split applications applied prior to the growth of each harvest. An additional October treatment at the mature …

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Potential Of A Novel White Clover/ Cereal Bi-Cropping System For Whole Crop Forage Production, N Koefoed, R O. Clements, J Burke, G Donaldson, G Purvis Jun 2024

Potential Of A Novel White Clover/ Cereal Bi-Cropping System For Whole Crop Forage Production, N Koefoed, R O. Clements, J Burke, G Donaldson, G Purvis

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A novel low input system for growing cereals, so far mainly winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L), in close association with white clover (Trifolium repens L), is being developed currently, co-operatively by five research stations in northern Europe. An established sward of pure white clover is defoliated in the autumn and winter wheat drilled into it using a rotary type direct drill. After silage or grain harvest of the cereal/clover mixture the clover regrowth may add to the productivity of the system until defoliation and drilling-in of the next cereal crop takes place. With the system described dry matter …

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Pearl Millet: A New Green Fodder Crop In Korea, B H. Choi, K Y. Park, R K. Park Jun 2024

Pearl Millet: A New Green Fodder Crop In Korea, B H. Choi, K Y. Park, R K. Park

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke) has been recognized in Korea since 1985, as an important new forage crop of high quality and yield. Suwon 1, pearl millet hybrid, was the best of 20 hybrids examined in Suwon, giving 150t/ha (three cuttings) of green fodder. The pearl millet hybrid was higher in green fodder yield than corn and sorghum/sudan grass hybrids. Leaf area index was 28.8 for three cuttings of pearl millet, with 5.8 for one cutting of maize, and 19.5 for three cuttings of sorghum/sudan grass. Crude protein content was 16.3% for pearl millet, 6 and 5% higher …

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Switchgrass Management For A Biomass Energy Feedstock In Texas, M A. Sanderson, R L. Reed, M A. Hussey, C R. Tischler, J C. Read, W R. Ocumpaugh Jun 2024

Switchgrass Management For A Biomass Energy Feedstock In Texas, M A. Sanderson, R L. Reed, M A. Hussey, C R. Tischler, J C. Read, W R. Ocumpaugh

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a warm-season perennial grass indigenous to North and Central America with excellent potential as a bioenergy crop. Our objective was to develop management practices for switchgrass as a bioenergy crop. We determined the adaptability of several switchgrass cultivars and germplasms at five locations, and examined the response of ‘Alamo’ switchgrass to defoliation frequency, nitrogen and phosphorus fertility, and row spacing at two locations during 1992 to 1996. Alamo switchgrass was the highest yielding entry at all locations with yields of 8 to 20 Mg of dry biomass ha-1. Yield response of Alamo to N …

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Modelling Feed Resources Budgets In The Moist Savannahs Of West Africa, A Naazie, J W. Smith Jun 2024

Modelling Feed Resources Budgets In The Moist Savannahs Of West Africa, A Naazie, J W. Smith

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A deterministic model was developed to evaluate the adequacy and utilization of ruminant livestock feed resources in the moist savannahs of W. Africa. Changes in land cropped and available as range, were used to project changes in feed resources over time and to evaluate whether these feed resources were adequate for the expected numbers of livestock in the region. Ignoring crop residues as feed resources would result in feed shortages especially in the drier northern parts of the moist savannahs. If 50% of the residues could be used as feed, feed shortage would be unlikely irrespective of area cropped. In …

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The Influence Of Soil Tillage On The Distribution Of Medic Seed In The Soil And Subsequent Regeneration Of Medics In A Medic Wheat Rotation, T N. Kotze, W R. Langenhoven, G A. Agenbag Jun 2024

The Influence Of Soil Tillage On The Distribution Of Medic Seed In The Soil And Subsequent Regeneration Of Medics In A Medic Wheat Rotation, T N. Kotze, W R. Langenhoven, G A. Agenbag

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The success of annual medics (Medicago spp.) in ley farming systems with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) depends largely on the ability of tillage systems to maintain sufficient seed reserves (200 kg ha-1) in the topsoil (0-50 mm) without decreasing the yields of the successive wheat crop. The effect of six methods of tillage i.e. fieldspan (50 mm), shallow scarifier (50 mm), deep scarifier (150 mm), shallow disc plough (50 mm), deep disc plough (150-200 mm) and mouldboard plough (250 mm), on the distribution of the medic seed reserves in the soil profile and yields of successive wheat crops …

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Participative Management And Rehabilitation Of The Village Common Pastures In The Central Highlands Of Turkey: Importance Of Diagnostic Surveys In Project Planning And Execution, H K. Firincioglu, S Christiansen, S Unal, D Ozturk, H Basaran Jun 2024

Participative Management And Rehabilitation Of The Village Common Pastures In The Central Highlands Of Turkey: Importance Of Diagnostic Surveys In Project Planning And Execution, H K. Firincioglu, S Christiansen, S Unal, D Ozturk, H Basaran

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Most of the pastures in the central highlands of Turkey have been replaced by cereal production over the last 50 years. Also, the mismanagement of the existing pastures, i.e., early grazing and over stocking of animals, has resulted in severe degradation of pasture species. A study, involving a multidisciplinary approach, was initiated and included botanical and socio-economic surveys, improvement of village-based feed resources, and realistic livestock feeding schemes to put limited feed resources to best use. Results of socioeconomic survey studies in selected villages are presented as prerequisite information for initiation of a forage, livestock and range rehabilitation project.

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A Village Approach In Rehabilitation Of Degraded Pastures On Marginal Lands In West Asia, A E. Osman, S Christiansen, A Nassar, F Ghassali Jun 2024

A Village Approach In Rehabilitation Of Degraded Pastures On Marginal Lands In West Asia, A E. Osman, S Christiansen, A Nassar, F Ghassali

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objectives of the present study are to demonstrate techniques of native pasture improvement to farming communities and to assess their ability to apply pasture management, including deferred grazing. The work was conducted in four villages in north west Syria and in one location in Beka’a, Lebanon. The results indicated significant improvement on pasture productivity and the farmers showed a positive attitude towards adopting the new practices.

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Use Of Grazing Animals In Re-Seeding Degraded Marginal Lands In Northern Syria, F Ghassali, A E. Osman, P S. Cocks Jun 2024

Use Of Grazing Animals In Re-Seeding Degraded Marginal Lands In Northern Syria, F Ghassali, A E. Osman, P S. Cocks

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Seed mixture of sixteen native legumes were fed to sheep as a single meal and their passage through the animals was monitored in the faeces. The same mixture was used in a field experiment to improve degraded pasture. Over two hundred sheep were allowed to graze the improved pasture and rest on a nearby un-improved (target) pasture during four days. Results showed that legumes with smaller seeds were able to pass through the animals undamaged compared with large seeded species. The field study provided confirmation of the animal feeding study and provided evidence that grazing animals can help in rehabilitation …

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Integrated Management Of Natural Forage Resources In A Tropical Humid Savannah Of West Africa, Ph Lecomte, Ph Hellemans, A Buldgen Jun 2024

Integrated Management Of Natural Forage Resources In A Tropical Humid Savannah Of West Africa, Ph Lecomte, Ph Hellemans, A Buldgen

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

In the practise of extensive cattle rearing in the Guinean low altitude savannah, coupled with a poor knowledge or appreciation of the plant communities, disturbs the natural equilibrium of vegetation. A carefully designed land management program and the establishment of indicators to monitor any changes are crucial for ensuring production capacity. The study suggests the integration into a Geographical Information System of a set of field indicators defined for a typical savannah of the area in question. These indicators take into account throughout the seasons, data on the climate, the natural environment, the productivity value of vegetation and the risk …

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Structure, Productivity And Animal Utilization In A Communal Pasture In The Basque Country (Northern Spain), I Albizu, G Besga, M Rodriquez, M Onaindia, M Domingo, I Amezaga Jun 2024

Structure, Productivity And Animal Utilization In A Communal Pasture In The Basque Country (Northern Spain), I Albizu, G Besga, M Rodriquez, M Onaindia, M Domingo, I Amezaga

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The goal of this study was to determine the structure, productivity and utilization of mountain communal pastures of the Gorbea area in 1994. The area was classified in four zones according to topographic position and improvement activities: north slope brush removed, summit, south slope 50% brush, and south slope brush removed. Ecological profiles were used to relate the most abundant species to soil P and K contents at the different zones. Exclosure cages were used to estimate potential productivity, botanical composition and pasture utilization. Soil P and K contents are the parameters that relate best to floristic composition, being Agrostis …

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Management Of Soil Fertility And Grass-Pine Interactions In Silvopastoral Systems, M Pinto, G Besga, S Virgel, M Rodrigues Jun 2024

Management Of Soil Fertility And Grass-Pine Interactions In Silvopastoral Systems, M Pinto, G Besga, S Virgel, M Rodrigues

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The objective of this work was to study the response of a silvopastoral system (soil fertility, pine and grass growth) to different levels of amendments and fertilizer and to evaluate the interaction between grass and pines. Since 1994, five treatments including two Linz- Donawitz (LD) slag doses, NPK fertilizer and a combination of LD slag and NPK fertilizer were applied every year on a pinewood stand (7-8 year old, and 4*4 average spacing), repeating the treatments in two areas, one, sown with productive grass and legume species, and, the other, maintaining the spontaneus species. Soil pH increased 0.46 units with …

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Traditional Grassland And Fodder Management Systems In Tanzania And Potential For Improvement, R M. Otsynia, I Essai, D Asenga Jun 2024

Traditional Grassland And Fodder Management Systems In Tanzania And Potential For Improvement, R M. Otsynia, I Essai, D Asenga

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The “Ngitiri” fodder conservation system was developed by the Sukuma agro-pastoralists as a strategy to alleviate acute dry season fodder constraints. This traditional agroforestry system provides the basis and opportunities for development of improved silvipastoral systems. Ngitiri is a major source of dry season fodder supply for livestock and thatch for roofing. The system is widespread in the Sukuma landuse system in central Tanzania. This paper presents the scope and importance of the Ngitiri system, management aspects, constraints, and farmers’ perceptions on improvement. Implications for agroforestry technology development in the Sukuma agropastoral system are also discussed.

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