Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Coal Petrology Of The Tulameen Coalfield, South Central British Columbia, V. Eileen Williams

WWU Graduate School Collection

The Tulameen Coalfield lies in a small, southeast plunging syncline in the Intermontane Belt of the Canadian Cordillera in south central British Columbia. The coal is interbedded with fluvial and lacustrine sediments of the Eocene Allenby Formation of the Princeton Group. The abundance of tephra and bentonite indicates volcanic activity was contemporaneous with coal and sediment deposition.

Although coal occurs on both sides of the basin, its economic importance is currently restricted to a 15-21 meter thick coal seam on the southwestern limb of the syncline. The coal is predominantly vitrain and clarain composed of greater than 90 percent vitrinite. …

Shoreline Processes And Sediment Responses Related To The Origin Of Beach Cusps On Whidbey And Fidalgo Islands, Washington, John V. Spasari

WWU Graduate School Collection

Beach cusps are rhythmically spaced, crescentic beach features which consist of cusp shaped seaward pointing depositional ridges or mounds, often referred to as horns, separated by concave seaward troughs or bays. They have longshore spacings that vary from a few centimeters up to 25 meters. The purpose of the project was to conduct a field investigation of the shoreline processes and sediment responses associated with beach cusp formation on Whidbey and Fidalgo Islands, Washington. Despite the many theories published in the literature for the origin of beach cusps, many of which are contradictory, there were only two theories proposed that …

A Contribution To The Study Of The Genus Porrhomma (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Notes On A Population Of P. Egeria (Simon) And Other Cavernicolous Species, J. D. Bourne

International Journal of Speleology

A morphological and biometrical study of a population of Porrhomma egeria (Simon) has allowed to determine that P. moravicum (Miller and Kratochvil) and P. obambulatum (Kritscher) belong to the same species and should thus be considered synonymous. The importance of biometric studies for the study of this Genus is emphasised.

Neue Und Interessante Milben Aus Dem Genfer Museum Xxxii. Zwei Neue Milbenarten (Acari: Acaridae) Aus Einer Höhle In Kenya, S. Mahunka

International Journal of Speleology

From a sample of Acaridae mites collected in a Kenyan cave, two new species are described. For one of them a new genus is defined.

Bogidiella Martini, Un Nouvel Amphipode Souterrain De I'Ile Saint-Martin (Antilles) Et La Zoogéographie Des Bogidiellidae, Jan H. Stock

International Journal of Speleology

Both sexes of a new species of Bogidiella, B. martini, are described. The new species, with a very pronounced sexual dimorphism, has been discovered in two wells in the island of St.-Martin (French part), one of the Lesser Antilles. Another member of Bogidiella has been recorded from the island of Curaçao, but the specimens were damaged too much to allow proper description. The Bogidiellidae (5 genera, 26 named species, and several unnamed species) are present in the sea as well as in inland waters. The family has a wide distribution, exceeding the boundaries of the former Tethys Sea. Probably, …

Premier Proasellus Hyporhéique D'Espagne: P. Jaloniacus N. Sp., (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

This new, anophthalmous and unpigmented species lives in the underflow of Jalon River, Province of Alicante, Southeastern Spain. It belongs to the phyletic line of Proasellus meridianus (Racovitza, 1919).

Carotenoids In Niphargus Casimiriensis Skalski (Amphipoda) From Artesian Wells, B. Czeczuga, A. Skalski

International Journal of Speleology

By means of columnar and thin-layer chromatography, the presence of carotenoids in Niphargus casimiriensis Skalski from an artesian well was studied. There are qualitative and quantitative differences in the carotenoid contents of the Niphargus casimiriensis Skalski specimens.

L'Equipement Sensoriel Des Trechinae Souterrains (Coléoptères). Ii - Ultrastructure Des Trichobothries De I'Elytre, Christian Juberthie, Françoise Piquemal

International Journal of Speleology

The ultrastructure of trichobothria (Tm2, Tr2, Tr4) of the elytra has been studied in the troglobitic Coleoptera Geotrechus vulcanus and Aphaenops cerberus. Two bipolar neurons innervate these trichobothria. The first ends at the level of the hair base, and its distal segment contains a tubular body, characteristic of mechanoreceptive bristles. The other does not possess a tubular body, and its distal segment ends in the bristle canal; its function is unknown. The trichobothria possess one glial enveloping cell, one trichogen cell, and one tormogen cell; the latter two show an apical, common, large, receptor lymph cavity. The small trichobothria …

The Fine Structure Of Hamann's Organ In Leptodirus Hohenwarti, A Highly Specialized Cave Bathysciinae (Coleoptera, Catopidae), Fiorenza Accordi, Valerio Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

Hamann’s organ in Leptodirus hohenwarti a highly specialized cave Bathysciinae, has been studied under the TEM, SEM and light microscope. This receptor organ located in the 7th, 9th and 10th antennal articles and previously referred to as the “vesicule olfactive” and as the “antennal organ” or “antennal vesicle”, reaches its highest degree of structural complexity in leptodirus. This paper attempts to establish some degree of synonymy among the terms used by earlier authors in describing the various antennal parts and sensilla. Five types of sensilla to be found in the organ are described, namely cribrose-stick sensilla, cribrose-utricular sensilla, star-shaped sensilla, …

Humidity Responses And The Role Of Hamann's Organ Of Cavernicolous Bathysciinae (Coleoptera Catopidae), Marco Lucarelli, Valerio Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

The humidity responses of Bathysciola derosasi and Leptodirus hohenwarti, two species of troglobitic Bathysciinae showing different degrees of adaptation to cave environment, have been studied. Intact and antennectomised subjects were tested using choice-chambers with various combinations of relative humidity alternatives (i.e. 20-100%, 50-100%, 90-100%, 50-90% and, as controls, 100-100%) to investigate the role played by the sense organs situated on the 7th, 9th and 10th antenna segments. The results show that intact-antenna subjects of both species are very sensitive to humidity gradients and that their intensity of reaction varies according to the intensity of stimulus, as previously reported by …

Martel's La France Ignorée: New Information From Two Post Cards To His Publisher, Trevor R. Shaw

International Journal of Speleology

Two recently discovered post cards written by Martel to his publisher provide new information on the date he completed the manuscript of the first volume of La France ignorée and on the progress of its printing.

A Perçu Sur La Composition, I'Origine Et La Formation De La Faune Cavernicole De La Stara Planina Occidentale (Bulgarie), Petar Beron

International Journal of Speleology

The karstic area between the rivers Timok and Vit has about 500 caves and pot-holes, more than 300 of them being the subject of the present study. In this area (called here Western Stara Planina) we have noted 63 species and subspecies of terrestrial troglobites and 17 species and subspecies of aquatic troglobites. The two Regions into which we split the area (region of Ogosta and Region of Iskar) are the richest in cave fauna of Bulgaria. This study deals with the particularities in the composition and the distribution of the different groups of terrestrial troglobites, and especially of such …

Observations Sur I'Écologie Et La Distribution Des Turbellariés Tricladides Dépigmentés Et Anophtalmes De Roumanie, L. Botosaneanu

International Journal of Speleology

Twenty-two localities, where unpigmented and mostly blind tricladid turbellarians (Dendrocoelidae and Fonticola) were discovered by the author, are described in more or less detail. These animals are particularly well represented in Romania; the explanation is that they are expansive offshoots of a fauna formerly inhabiting the huge brackish or freshwater lakes which covered most of this country during the Neogene (and especially the Sarmatian). Different species are inhabitants of different particular habitats of the underground water realm, and the author distinguishes between species inhabiting cave waters, typical phreatobionts, hyporheic species and species living in springs or springbrooks. These species are …

Ostracodes Hypogés Du Sud De La France. 1. Mixtocandona Juberthieae N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol

International Journal of Speleology

The description of Mixtacandona juberthieae n.sp. is presented. The new species belongs to the group taurica and has been found in the karstic system of the Vidourle river at Sauve (Gard).

Les Araignées Du Genre Rhode De Yougoslavie (Araneae, Dysderidae), C. L. Deeleman-Reinhold

International Journal of Speleology

Rhode magnifica n. sp. is described from a Montenegrine cave and Rhode stalitoides n. sp. from a Bosnian cave. There is a redescription of Rhode aspintfera (Nikolié). The author includes in the genus Rhode the species previously contained in the genera Harpassa and Typhlorhode. The northern Yugoslav genus Stalita and related genera are regarded to be the nearest relatives of Rhode and it is concluded that they have originated on the Balkan Peninsula from a common ancestor.

Dytiscidae Cavernicoles De Papouasie (Résultats Zoologiques De La Mission Spéléologique Britannique En Papouasie - Nouvelle Guinée, 1975, 1), Vassil B. Guéorguiev

International Journal of Speleology

This paper reports the results of the investigations on Dytiscidae from New Guinea caves. Three new species are described: Copelatus subterraneus sp.n., Platynectes (Metaplatynectes) beroni sp.n. and P. (M.) chapmani sp. n. Synonymic notes on the subgenera of the genus Platynectes and descriptions of two new subgenera Notoplatynectes subgen. n. and Metaplatynectes subgen. n. are also reported.

The Tegumental Glands Of A Troglobitic Crustacean, L. Juberthie-Jupeau, Y. Crouau

International Journal of Speleology

Tegumental glands, located in the antennae of Antromysis juberthiei are present in males and females; in the antennulae each of them consists of 3 cells: a secretory cell of large size, an intermediary cell and a canal cell probably secretory in nature. The canal cell possesses an extracellular cavity with deep infoldings and microvilli between which the canal crinkles along. The intermediary cell is heavily provided with microfilaments. The secretory granules have an organized content.

Diplopoda From Papuan Caves (Zoological Results Of The British Speleological Expedition To Papua-New Guinea, 1975, 4), Richard L. Hoffman

International Journal of Speleology

Eight species of polydesmoid millipeds are described from the caves of the extreme northwestern corner of Papua New Guinea. Four new genera are named: in Paradoxosomatidae, Selminosoma, type S. chapmani; Astromontosoma, type A. jeekeli; in Doratodesmidae, Scolopopyge, type S. pholeter; Selminarchus, type S. hispidus. Two additional new species are referred to established genera Eustrongylosoma exiguum and Nothrosoma beroni, the latter, however, (known only from females) is probably referable to a new genus. Selminosoma chapmani appears both from its structure and biology to be a true troglobite, the first such species known in the Paradoxosomatidae. The two doratodesmid species extend the …

Magniezia Gardei N.Sp. (Crustacca Isopoda Asellote): Un Sténasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Du Maroc Sud-Oriental, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

This new species has been discovered in the waters of Kef Aziza Cave, on the Saharian slopes of the High Atlas Range, Southeastern Morocco. Magniezia gardei n.sp. belongs to the same Genus as four species previously described from the phreatic waters of the Guinean area. So, it is assumed that this Moroccan species should be a relict of the ancient aquatic hypogean fauna of the entire West Africa, nowadays protected by the development of an arid climate.

A Remarkable New Genus And Three New Species Of Cavernicolous Carabidae (Coleoptera) (Zoological Results Of The British Speleological Expedition To Papua-New Guinea 1975, 2), B. P. Moore

International Journal of Speleology

Speagonum mirabile gen. et sp. n. and Gastragonum caecum sp. n. are described as troglobites from caves in the Behrman Mountains of west New Guinea; Pseudozaena (Trichozaena subgen. n.) cavicola sp. n. is a troglophile from New Ireland.

Une Espèce Inédite De Rhachomyees (Ascomycètes, Laboulbeniales) Parasite Du Carabique Troglobie, Speagonum Mirabile Moore De La Nouvelle-Guinée (Resultats Zoologiques De L'Expedition Spéléologique Britannique En Papouasie-Nouvelle Guinée, 1975, 3), Walter Rossi

International Journal of Speleology

Rhachomyces beronii n. sp., parasitic on Speagonum mirabile Moore (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Anchomenini) from New Guinea, is described. The new species resembles Rhachomyces tenuis Thaxt, in general habit, but it differs from the latter in having a smaller receptacle, a larger and less pigmented perithecium, a different structure of the appendages and in the multiplication of appendiculate cells.

Ecological Investigations Of The Influence Of A Polluted River On Surrounding Interstitial Underground Waters, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko

International Journal of Speleology

Because of the fundamental biological investigations and also of the practical importance, the authors investigated interstitial subterranean water (hyporheic) near a polluted river Sava in the plain where the underground waters are considered as potable. With the comparison of the physical, chemical, bacteriological, saprobiological and faunistic characteristics of the river and its hyporheic zone in different seasons their mutual relation is detected. The results show the influence of polluted river water on the hyporheic water within the river bed to at least 2 m depth.

A Classification Of Karstic Phenomena, Arrigo A. Cigna

International Journal of Speleology

The paper describes and classifies the several types of karstic processes, distinguishing karstic, parakarstic, hypokarstic, hyperkarstic and pseudokarstic phenomena. An appendix on solubility of silica is also given.

A Critical Review Of Hypotheses On The Origin Of Vermiculations, A. Bini, M. Cavalli Gori, S. Gori

International Journal of Speleology

Mud and clay vermiculations are irregular and discontinuous deposits of incoherent materials, almost ubiquitous. Found both inside and outside of caves, overlying limestone or other materials, they are formed from many substances (clay, mud, candle-black, colloidal silica, etc.). Also their shape dimensions vary greatly. The following genetical hypotheses have been proposed: fossil fillings; chemico-genetical deposition; biological formation; mechanical deposition from moving water or air; clay-layer drying process (Montoriol-Pous hypothesis); physicochemical deposition from drying liquid films. The last is proposed by the authors who, having discussed the various hypotheses, give many examples and the results of some experiments. They distinguish two …

Réponses Locomotrices Du Poisson Cavernicole Astyanax Jordani (Pisces, Characidae) À Des Signaux Périodiques Et Apériodiques De Lumière Et De Température, G. Thines, M. Weyers

International Journal of Speleology

The locomotory activity of adult cave fishes Astyanax jordani was recorded in isolation in the following light and temperature conditions: constant conditions (100 Lx - 20°C), in a light cycle (LD:11/11 -10 Lx -100 Lx) and in a temperature cycle (11/11; 17/20, 19/22, 20/23, 27/30 °C). All longitudinal time series extended for a minimum of 30 days. Results show: (1) That no circadian regulation appears in constant conditions; (2) that passive entrainment occurs in LD (Amplitude: 90 Lx) and in periodic temperature conditions (Amplitude: 3°C). The entrainment effect damps out and varies individually; (3) that the mean activity increases with …

Ostracodes Du Sud De La France 2. Pseudocandona Simililampadis N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol

International Journal of Speleology

The description of Pseudocandona simililampadis n. sp. is presented. The new species belongs to the group schellenbergi and has been found in the karstic system of the Vidourle river at Sauve (Gard).

Microflore Et Activité De Groupements Fonctionnels Dans Les Sédiments De Trois Grottes De I'Italie Centrale, A. Pasqualini, B. Fumanti, L. Visonà

International Journal of Speleology

A comparative study is presented of the microflora of sediments in three caves with different trophic characteristics. Quantitative and qualitative variations of microflora were investigated for one year by studying the total microflora and the activity of the nitrogen cycle functional groups. Data were compared with those of other works of previous authors. Results show that the quantity and kind of organic matter of sediment are most important factors regulating the abundance and activity of cavernicolous microflora. The experimental part of this paper is prefaced by a digest of investigations previously carried out on cavernicolous microflora and by a report …

A Note On The Speleo-Minerals In South Korea, N. Kashima, M. S. Suh, S. K. Pae

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a total of nine minerals found in ten caves of the middle Eastern part of the Korean peninsula.

Contribution À L'Étude Des Cavités Karstiques Du Djurdjura (Algérie). Description Morpho-Hydrogéologique Et Cadre Évolutif, Yves Quinif

International Journal of Speleology

In North-Africa, the karst of Djurdjura Mountains is important because it shows high-alpine characters. In others papers, we have studied shallow morphology and speleological explorations. Here, we describe the caves: morphology, qualitative hydrology and fillings. These cavities are replaced in their morpho-structural context. We make distinctions between kinds of cavities. Gulfs and resurgences characterize high-alpine karst which is actual. Other caves that have their opening at the middle of slopes are dry, disconnected of actual morphological context. They belong to past karstification phases. From the synthesis of those elements, we show that it is possible to use karstic data in …

Neue Ergebnisse Speläologischer Untersuchungen In Den Hainburger Bergen (Nö) Und Ihre Wissenschaftliche Bedeutung, Karl Mais

International Journal of Speleology

Since 1971 speleological and paleontological investigations have been carried out in the quarry “Hollitzer” which is in the Pfaffenberg near Bad Deutsch Altenburg (Hainburger Berge, Lower Austria). Evident karst phenomena are missing at the surface, but the existence of caves filled with sediments in the quarry show that the area is a fossil buried karst. A steady scientific survey allowed the study of the karstic phenomena without hindering the work in the quarry. Up to now more than 150 cavities have been discovered. Most of them seem to belong to a unique solutional system; corrasive forms are missing. Fossils (Gasteropoda, …