Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Synthesis Of Primary O-Substituted Hydroxylamines For The Study Of Nucleophilic Substitution At The Electrophilic Nitrogen Center, Richard Martin Sommer

Honors Theses

Within the past fifteen years bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions at the sp3 hybridized nitrogen center have been the topic of some investigation. The synthesis of 0-substituted hydroxylamines was undertaken in order to obtain substrates for the study of these substitution reactions. Mesitylenesulfonyl chloride and t-butyl N-hydroxycarbamate were reacted to form the N-blocked t-butyl N-mesitylenesulfonyloxycarbamate. Subsequent acid cleavage of the nitrogen blocking group with trifluoroacetic acid yielded 0-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine. Unsuccessful kinetic studies of the reaction of iodide with 0-mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine are reported. Attempts to synthesize 0-(2, 4-dinitrophenyl) hydroxylamine utilizing t-butyl N-hydroxycarbamate and ethyl acetohydroxamate as a sources of N-blocked hydroxylamine failed. In both …

Determination Of The Lead Content Of Paint Chips Using The Lead Selective Electrode, Edward Jordan Morgan

Honors Theses

This study was undertaken to examine the feasibility of using the lead selective electrode to determine the lead content of paint chips. There is a need today, for a fast, inexpensive method for screening large numbers of paint chip samples. Chips containing hazardous levels of lead, e.g., 10% by weight, should be identified, so that steps may be taken to make them inaccessible to children. A laboratory report is frequently required, in order to justify the costly job of complete removal of the paint or covering with paneling. The lead selective electrode, which operates in a manner similar to that …

Stereoselectivity In Bis-1 (2-Pyridyl) Ethylaminecobalt (Iii), Richard Lindsay Wellman

Honors Theses

Recently Michelsen reported the synthesis of a new series of bis-chelated cobalt (III) compounds using 2-pyridylmethylamine (pm) as a bidentate ligand.4 Replacement of a methylene hydrogen of pm with a methyl group gives the optically active compound 1-(2-pyridyl) ethylamine (pa). Model studies show that when bound to a cobalt molecule, the ligand methyl group can assume either and axial or an equatorial position. On the basis of predictions by Corey and Bailar1 using the ligand 1, 2-diaminopropane, it was thought stereoselectively might be observed in the reaction of pa with cobalt. To determine if this was so Michelsen’s reactions were …

Base Strength And Concentration Effects On Orientation In Elimination Reactions, Frederick Norman Preuninger

Honors Theses

The orientation of base promoted eliminations depends on several factors including base strength and size. Neither of these factors account for all of the observed results. A new factor, ion pairing of the base, is suggested. Results of elimination reactions using sodium benzoate derivatives are found to be consistent with this explanation. Kinetic data for an ion pair mechanism were sought but not obtained.

Relative Rate Of Ozonolysis Between Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Olefins, Wai Lum Yuen

Honors Theses

There are two theories about the mechanism of the ozone-olefin reaction. One is that ozone makes a one-step four-center attack on the olefin to form a primary ozonide. Another theory is that ozone makes an electrophilic attack of the olefin to form a pi complex. The pi complex then collapses into the primary ozonide. The relative rates of reaction of a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical olefins were determined. Gas chromatograph was used to measure the relative concentration of the various olefins before and after ozonolysis. The relative rates of ozonolysis were then calculated from the data. It was observed …

Sulfonium Salts, Aliphatic And Aromatic Diazonium Salts, Formation And Isolation, Geoffrey D. Picard

Honors Theses

An improved method for the preparation of diazonium salts was developed. Aliphatic diazonium salts were isolated for the first time. A method for their preparation was also worked out. The use of sulfonium salts as a route to deuteration of organic compounds was looked into.

Synthesis Of New Antimicrobial Agents, Michael John Burke

Honors Theses

Two new compounds have been synthesized in sufficient quantities to be tested for antimicrobial activity.

Pollution Abatement From Cattle Feedlots In Northeastern Colorado And Nebraska, L. K. Porter, F. G. Viets Jr., T. M. Mccalla, L. F. Elliott, F. A. Norstadt, H. R. Duke, N. P. Swanson, L. N. Mielke, G. L. Hutchinson., A. R. Mosier, G. E. Schuman, Lynn R. Shuyler, C. E. Evans

United States Environmental Protection Agency: Publications

Climatic factors, feedlot runoff, and organic material in the runoff were evaluated in experimental and commercial feedlots. The effects of slope, stocking rates, terraces, basins, and holding ponds were evaluated to obtain the best controls for containing runoff. In eastern Nebraska, 70 cm annual precipitation produces 23 cm of runoff; whereas, in northeastern Colorado, 37 cm annual precipitation gives only 5.5 cm of runoff. Large applications of runoff liquid, up to 91 cmon grass-Ladino and 76 cm on corn, in Nebraska did not decrease yields; however, in northeastern Colorado, the concentrated high-salt runoff required dilution before direct application to crops. …

Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae In Arkansas Recreational Waters, Leon W. Bone, David A. Becker

Technical Reports

Selected recreational waters of Arkansas were sampled for pathogenic free-living limax amoebae. Water quality parameters were determined for correlation with amoebic population densities and species diversity. Cultural criteria and animal inoculation revealed no pathogenic strains. The feasibility of introduction and/or induction of pathogenic amoebic strains by environmental factors necessitates further ecological investigaitons.

Ogallala Quadrangle, Nebraska-Keith County, 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic) [Annotated], Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

Robert F. Diffendal, Jr., Publications

Latitude 41° 07'30" to 41° 15'
Longitude 101° 37'30" to 101° 45'

Includes Lake McConaughy, Lake Ogallala, Kingsley Dam, North Platte and South Platte rivers, Town of Ogallala

Geological Survey map (1971), annotated for:

Areas disturbed during building of Kingsley Dam and associated features

alluvium and colluvium

sand and dune sand

loess

post-Ogallala and Ogallala gravels

Ogallala Formation

Brule (?) Formation

Volcanic ash

Started June 9, 1975; completed June 20, 1975

Maximal And Minimal Solutions And Comparison Principle For Differential Equations In Abstract Cones, Roger W. Mitchell, A. Richard Mitchell, V. Lakshmikantham

Mathematics Technical Papers

Existence of maximal and minimal solutions for differential equations in abstract cones is established without requiring uniform continuity. Utilizing such a result an abstract comparison principle is developed. The results of the paper significantly improve earlier results of the authors and also simplify the proofs of other known results.

Remarks On Nonlinear Contraction And Comparison Principle In Abstract Cones, V. Lakshmikantham, Jerome Eisenfeld

Mathematics Technical Papers

The contraction mapping principle and the Schauder principle can both be viewed as a comparison of maps. For the former one has a condition of the type [see pdf for notation] and for the latter one has a condition of the type [see pdf for notation] where p is the metric and y is the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness. If p is a linear map [see pdf for notation] from the nonnegative reals [see pdf for notation] into itself then the map T satisfying (1.1) is said to be k-contractive and the map satisfying (1.2) is said to be k-set …

On The Existence Of Solutions Of Differential Equations Of Retarded Type In A Banach Space, V. Lakshmikantham, Roger W. Mitchell, A. Richard Mitchell

Mathematics Technical Papers

The existence and uniqueness of solutions of differential equations of retarded type in a Banach space are considered under a monotonicity type condition. The tools that are available for the study of equations without delay pose problems in this case since the domain and the range come from different Banach spaces. To overcome this difficulty, subsets of the domain have to be chosen carefully and weaker forms of differential inequalities have to be employed.

On A Measure Of Nonconvexity And Applications, V. Lakshmikantham, Jerome Eisenfeld

Mathematics Technical Papers

The measure of noncompactness which was introduced by Kuratowski [8] (in 1930) has now become an important tool in nonlinear analysis (although its value in that regard was not appreciated until much later). Following Kuratowski we introduce a measure of nonconvexity which has many properties in common with the measure of noncompactness and therefore we may now have "convex" where previously we had "compact" in the statements of some theorems.

The Effects Of Artificial Destratification On The Water Quality And Microbial Populations Of Hyrum Reservoir, Douglas D. Drury, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart

Reports

Artificial destratification is being increasingly used in attempts to improve water quality and control eutrophication. Most of the artificial destratification efforts are being conducted by public water supply utilities in efforts to improve reservoir water quality for culinary purposes. At present, artificial destratification is being conducted without a complete understanding of the process or its effects on the reservoir. Whether or not artificial destratification can control algal growth and other microbial processes is a controversial question. The effect of artificial destratification on the microbial flora must be understood if it is to be used effectively as a management tool in …

Water As A Factor In Energy Resources Development, A. Bruce Bishop, Melvin D. Chambers, William O. Mace, David W. Mills

Reports

Water, in many cases, is a key factor in the development of energy resources in the western states. The total water supply available in the arid west is fixed; yet potential water uses in the region are growing continually. In fact, in many areas quantities of water desired to be put to beneficial use has already surpassed the limit of local supplies as indicated by filings for water rights. The availability of water, in adequate quantities and of suitable quality, is one of the essentials to the economic viability of some economic sectors in the states in the Colorado River …

Movement Of Pesticides In The Soil Water Fertilizer System, H. Don Scott

Technical Reports

A theoretical and experimental study of the transport of pesticides was conducted in several Arkansas soils with metribuzin, a herbicide. In a field study, chloride and metribuzin were applied to a Captina silt loam under maximum leaching conditions and their redistribution was compared with that of soil water. Metribuzin was found in significantly detectable quantities to a depth of 61 cm; the largest concentrations were detected in the surface 23 cm and particularly in the 0-5 cm increment. Two days after application 72.6 and 33.6% could be detected in the vegetation and no-vegetation plots. The metribuzin half life was 7.88 …

Survival And Growth Rate Of Channel Catfish As A Function Of Dissolved-Oxygen Concentration, R. W. Raible

Technical Reports

Channel catfish were raised in water-recirculating systems for several periods of about six months duration each. Initial stock was fingerling size fish (10 to 20 grams). At dissolved-oxygen levels below 2.5 parts per million, mortality was high. Fish raised in tanks held at dissolved-oxygen levels between 3.0 and 6.8 parts per million showed increased gains of weight for each increment of added oxygen. Weight gains were as much as 50 percent higher at 6.8 parts per million compared with weights at 3.0 parts per million. Feed conversion was good in all cases. When feeding was limited to demand, feed conversion …

Dielectric Constants And Pair Interactions In Polar Molecules, Kurt Walter Hillig

Honors Theses

A qualitative description of dielectric processes in Pair interactions of polar molecules is presented, discussing such factors as molecular shape and polarizability. The mathematical treatment of these interactions is given, derived from classical electric field theory and statistical mechanics. The dielectric virial equation and the meaning of the dielectric virial coefficients is discussed. Due to the small magnitude of the coefficients, one must make measurements on the gas of the molar volume to one part in 10 4 and of the dielectric constant to one part in 106 to derive values of the second dielectric virial coefficient to within 10%. …

A Facile One Step Synthesis Of Some New 2-Hydroxy-4,6-Bis Aryl S-Triazines And Related Compounds, Howard Steven Grossberg

Honors Theses

In the past few years the symmetrical triazines have developed extreme importance in biochemical research as well as importance in industrial applications. In our research we have developed a facile, one-step synthesis of a number of 2-hydroxy-4, 6-bis aryl symmetrical triazines based upon the addition of the anion of urea and an aromatic nitrile, with the aryl group including a number of halogenated benzenes, pyridine, or benzene itself. The structure of these compounds has been proved by microanalysis and by both infra-red and mass spectroscopy. The further versatility of the synthesis has also been explored, and by replacing the urea …

Spectral Studies Of 9, 1 And 2-Methyl Anthroate And 2-Anthroic Acid, Thomas Glenn Matthews

Honors Theses

The substitution of a carboxyl group on the 9, 1 and 2-positions of anthracene produces several interesting changes in the characteristic spectral properties of the parent molecule. The absorption and fluorescence spectra, and fluorescence quantum yields of these carboxyl substituted anthracene compounds proved to be very solvent and position dependent. These spectra, quantum yields and related fluorescence lifetime data were used to determine the geometry of the ground and excited states for all three molecules. In the 9-position, molecular models and spectral evidence show that the plane of the carboxyl group is perpendicular to the plane of the ring in …

Delegation Of Task Functions By Dietitians To Dietetic Technicians, James Lumsden

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Dietetics has been identified as one of the professions in which there is a shortage of qualified personnel. The need to delegate selected task functions to extend professional skills and contain costs has been recognized in many professions faced with a manpower shortage.

This research was done to determine the degree to which dietitians will utilize dietetic technicians in the role proposed by the American Dietetic Association. A questionnaire was the instrument utilized to collect data from the 197 randomly selected hospitals in the continental United States. Task functions identified in the proposed job descriptions for the dietetic technician in …

Biochrome Analysis As A Method For Assessing Phytoplankton Dynamics Phase Ii, Richard L. Meyer

Technical Reports

Selected chemical, physical and biological parameters were determined for a man-made lake, Beaver Lake, on the White River of Arkansas and Missouri. The research program determined the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the temporal and spatial distribution of the algal subcommunities. It was determined that the epipelic, epilithic, epizooic and metaphytic subcommunities had little influence on the euplanktonic subcommunity. The relationship between the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biochromes chlorophyll-a, -b, and -c and the phytoplankton species clustered into biochrome sets is discussed. The temporal and spatial distributional patterns of temperature, oxygen, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, orthophosphate-P and silicates are described …

Water Quality As An Approach To Managing Recreational Use And Development On A Mountain Watershed: South Fork Of The Ogden River-Ogden Valley Area, Bruce A. Johnson, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

The South Fork of the Ogden River, one of several heavily used mountain watersheds along Utah's Wasatch Front, was studied between February 1 and November 1, 1974, to determine the effects of recreation on water quality.

Although the greatest impacts on water quality occurred during spring runoff, it was found that recreational use had a definite effect on water quality. Bacteriological parameters were found to be the most sensitive indicators of contamination.

Differences between heavy weekend and light weekday recreational use were reflected by differences in bacteriological counts. Also, it appears that changes in bacterial water quality were more closely …

Vegetation Development In Relation To Age Of River Stabilization Structures Along A Channelized Segment Of The Missouri River, John Arthur Vaubel

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

During the summer of 1974, I sampled sites of vegetation representative of successional trends in plant communities along the Missouri River floodplain from Sioux City, Iowa, to Rulo, Nebraska. Five district community types listed from youngest to oldest are as follows: Salix spp. – dominated, Populus deltoides – dominated, Platanus occidentalis-Ulmus rubra – dominated, Tilia americana-Quercus rubra – dominated, and Quercus macrocarpa-Carya ovata – dominated vegetation.

The technique of relating vegetation succession to age of river stabilization structures was found to be useful and offered a quite precise method of developing a timescale …

A Clinical Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Two Intracanal Medicaments, Xp-7/Prednisolone And 1% Pcp/Prednisolone, In Reduction And Duration Of Post-Treatment Pain, Kenneth G. Whitnack

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was undertaken to determine which intracanal medication, 1% aqueous parachlorophenol with prednisolone or XP-7 with prednisolone was the most effective in reducing the severity and duration of post-treatment pain following initial, conventional endodontic therapy. The investigation was conducted by five endodontists in their private offices and utilized a double-blind technique.

The postoperative reactions of 343 patients were examined statistically. It was shown that there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction or duration of post-treatment pain with either drug. Other factors such as sex, age, location of tooth and presence of a radiographic lesion were statistically significant …

Developing A Periodontal Screening Examination, Jeffrey R. Morgulis

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Periodontal disease is the primary cause of tooth loss in the adult, and therefore, early diagnosis of periodontal disease by the general practitioner is important in terms of prevention as well as treatment. The present study was designed to develop a periodontal screening examination which would fulfill the following requirements:

1. It should utilize precise and easily understood criteria.
2. It should take a short period of time.
3. It should enable the practitioner to accurately place patients into various disease categories.
4. It should enable the practitioner to easily and quickly relate these disease categories to treatment.

A "comprehensive" periodontal examination was performed …

A Descriptive Study Of Women's Attitudes Towards Obtaining Or Not Obtaining Papanicolaou Smears, Linda J. Shults

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

It was the purpose of this study to identify the attitudes of a selected group of women which influenced their participation in Papanicolaou testing. These attitudes were inferred from the reasons women gave for obtaining the test. The subjects were randomly selected from the telephone book of a medium-sized town in Southern California. The 135 women who participated in the telephone interview were considered to be the respondents in the study.

A review of the literature revealed that through the annual use of the Papanicolaou smear, approximately 11,000 deaths every year from uterine and cervical cancer could be prevented, Attitudes …

Performance Appraisal In Hospital Dietary Departments, Mary C. Law

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The specific objectives of this research were to (1) identify the principal characteristics and functions of performance appraisal programs utilized in hospital dietary departments, (2) determine the ten major factors in performance appraisal as indicated by the hospital dietary department directors as well as by dietetic interns and the factors indicated in the review of literature, and (3) develop an evaluation form for performance appraisal of hospital dietary department employees utilizing criteria obtained from (1) and (2).

Three hundred general, short term, nonprofit hospitals were included into the study. Questionnaires were mailed to three hospitals which were classified according to …

Theory Of Impurity-Induced Infrared Absorption In Cubic Crystals, S. S. Jaswal, J. M. Wadehra

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research Publications

A method to calculate the infrared absorption due to a very low concentration of defects in a diatomic cubic crystal is developed directly from the basic absorption equation in quantum mechanics when the impurity produces changes in mass and short-range force constants. It is shown that the absorption is due to the modes of T_1u symmetry about the defect and is proportional to the square of the projection of the amplitudes of the ions in the defect space onto the transverse-optic modes at the zone center as determined by the perturbation. A procedure to calculate the amplitudes of …