Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles From New Organometallic Cd(Ii)-Schiff Base Complex And In Vitro Biological Potentials: Dual S. Aureus And E. Coli Dna Gyrase Inhibition By The Precursors Via In Silico Binding Modes’ Study, Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Amani Direm, Cemal Parlak, Mercy O. Bamigboye, Olajumoke Oluade, Juliana B. Adetunji, Athar Ata, Michael O. Eze, Joshua W. Hollett, Hadley S. Clayton

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2

At the nanoscale level, several biological processes take place, owing to the potential that engineered nanomaterials might interrelate with bio-molecules and cellular procedures. This study aimed to synthesize cadmium oxide nanoparticles via a one-step calcination process of tetradentate Schiff base-Cd(II) complex at different temperature ranges. The as-synthesized compounds were carried out via a viz UV–visible, elemental analysis, 1H NMR, molar conductivity, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The band gap energy and average particle sizes of the CdO particles are respectively (2.69 eV, 3.54 eV), 26.88 nm for CdO@250, and (3.20 eV, 3.57 eV), 25.67 nm …

A Novel Method For Multiple Phenotype Association Studies Based On Genotype And Phenotype Network, Xuewei Cao, Shuanglin Zhang, Qiuying Sha

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2

Joint analysis of multiple correlated phenotypes for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) can identify and interpret pleiotropic loci which are essential to understand pleiotropy in diseases and complex traits. Meanwhile, constructing a network based on associations between phenotypes and genotypes provides a new insight to analyze multiple phenotypes, which can explore whether phenotypes and genotypes might be related to each other at a higher level of cellular and organismal organization. In this paper, we first develop a bipartite signed network by linking phenotypes and genotypes into a Genotype and Phenotype Network (GPN). The GPN can be constructed by a mixture of …

Removal Of Phenol From Oilfield Produced Water Using Non-Conventional Adsorbent Medium By An Eco-Friendly Approach, Salem Jawad Alhamd, Mohammed Nsaif Abbas, Hassan Jameel Jawad Al-Fatlawy, Thekra Atta Ibrahim, Zaid Nsaif Abbas

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Petroleum extraction generates substantial quantities of produced water, a challenge compounded by water scarcity in oil-producing regions, notably the Middle East. Leveraging produced water effectively, adhering to environmental standards, can offer a viable solution to the issue of water scarcity. This study explores the potential of mandarin peels as an available, cost-effective adsorbent for treating synthetic aqueous solution simulated to oil-field produced water, specifically targeting phenol, a dangerous pollutant. Employing a batch-mode adsorption unit, six operational factors—phenol concentration, acidity, agitation speed, contact time, adsorbent dose, and temperature—were investigated. Results revealed an inverse relationship between phenol removal and pH, concentration, and …

A Nlp Approach To Automating The Generation Of Surveys For Market Research, Anav Chug

Honors College Theses

Market Research is vital but includes activities that are often laborious and time consuming. Survey questionnaires are one possible output of the process and market researchers spend a lot of time manually developing questions for focus groups. The proposed research aims to develop a software prototype that utilizes Natural Language Processing (NLP) to automate the process of generating survey questions for market research. The software uses a pre-trained Open AI language model to generate multiple choice survey questions based on a given product prompt, send it to a targeted email list, and also provides a real-time analysis of the responses …

Motion History Images: A New Method For Tracking Microswimmers In 3d, Max Riekeles, Hadi Albalkhi, Megan Marie Dubay, Jay Nadeau, Christian A. Lindensmith

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Quantitative tracking of rapidly moving micron-scale objects remains an elusive challenge in microscopy due to low signal-to-noise. This paper describes a novel method for tracking micron-sized motile organisms in off-axis Digital Holographic Microscope (DHM) raw holograms and/or reconstructions. We begin by processing the microscopic images with the previously reported Holographic Examination for Life-like Motility (HELM) software, which provides a variety of tracking outputs including motion history images (MHIs). MHIs are stills of videos where the frame-to-frame changes are indicated with color time-coding. This exposes tracks of objects that are difficult to identify in individual frames at a low signal-to-noise ratio. …

2024 May 9 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Weekly Drought Summaries

No abstract provided.

Supercontinuum Generation With A Ti: Sapphire Laser And Photonic Crystal Fiber, Joseph Lange

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

A broad spectrum of visible light was produced by focusing the 50-fs, 800-nm, 5-nJ pulses from an unamplified Ti:sapphire laser into a 20-cm-long photonic crystal fiber. A prism pair was used to compensate for material dispersion of the system. Different focusing methods were investigated including beam telescopes and lenses of various focal lengths. A 3X beam expander telescope near the laser output and a 3-cm focal length achromatic lens after the prism pair were found to work best for coupling the light into the fiber which has a core diameter of 1.7 μm.

A Comparison Of Assessment Experiences Between Standards-Based Practices And Traditional Practices Within Secondary Mathematics Classrooms, Emily Mayes

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research was to compare assessment experiences and find ways to improve those experiences for students in two mathematics classrooms: one classroom that employs Standards-Based Grading and one classroom that uses traditional grading practices. The research examines students’ perceptions regarding their level of preparation, their anxiety levels surrounding assessment, the validity of assessments, and using assessments and grading practices to give accurate indications of student progress in their learning, given the students’ perceptions. Students in both settings voluntarily and anonymously participated in completing pre- and post-assessment free-response surveys which asked questions about students’ assessment experiences. This research …

Theoretical Spectroscopic Predictions Of Electronically Excited States, Noah R. Garrett

Honors Theses

The quest for faster computation of anharmonic vibrational frequencies of both ground and excited electronic states has led to combining coupled cluster theory harmonic force constants with density functional theory (DFT) cubic and quartic force constants for defining a quartic force field (QFF) utilized in conjunction with vibrational perturbation theory at second order (VPT2). This work shows that explicitly correlated coupled cluster theory at the singles, doubles, and perturbative triples level [CCSD(T)-F12] provides accurate anharmonic vibrational frequencies and rotational constants when conjoined with any of B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, BHandHLYP, PBE0, and ωB97XD for roughly one-quarter of the computational time of the …

Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect In The Intra-Cluster Medium, Nathan Fronk

Senior Seminars and Capstones

This paper covers the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, it’s derivation, and it’s applications in astronomy. The effect is a result of inverse Compton scattering in a cloud of hot charged particles, causing an increase in the temperature of the the cosmic microwave background radiation passing through the cloud. This change in temperature can be measured, and used to calculate the physical properties of the structure in question. This paper focuses on the a method used by Adam et al. (2017) to find a temperature map of the intra-cluster medium.

Examining Galaxy Bulge Regions With The Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Sarah E. Draves, Ariyeh Maller

Publications and Research

Nearly all of the ordinary matter in the universe is located in galaxies, which are made up stars, gas, dust, and black holes, and range in size from a few thousand to a few hundred thousand light years across. Galaxies come in different shapes, but many of them are spiral shaped, and some of those have a central bulge region that is distinct from the rest of the galactic disk. This project used a large data set of galaxies that had their bulge and disk components separated to see what correlations those fractions of each galaxy have with other galaxy …

The Use Of Repurposed Whole Textiles To Modify The Mechanical And Hydrogeological Properties Of Green Roof Media And Granular Soils, Angelis Almanzar-Chevalie, Yehya Elfgeeh, Calvin O. Walters Jr.

Publications and Research

This study investigates using repurposed whole textiles to modify the mechanical and hydrogeological properties of lightweight Green Roof media and granular pavement soils.

Green Roof Media Green roofs aim to bring the advantages of suburban agriculture to urban environments while improving energy efficiency and enhancing stormwater management in public, commercial, and residential buildings. Previous studies by City Tech undergraduate research assistants demonstrated significant modification in hydrogeological properties when incorporating textile fabric up to 3% textile by weight (%Tex) at an aspect ratio of 1:1. The effects of mixing repurposed whole textile fiber with Green Roof media is evaluated with regards …

Machine Learning: Face Recognition, Mohammed E. Amin

Publications and Research

This project explores the cutting-edge intersection of machine learning (ML) and face recognition (FR) technology, utilizing the OpenCV library to pioneer innovative applications in real-time security and user interface enhancement. By processing live video feeds, our system encodes visual inputs and employs advanced face recognition algorithms to accurately identify individuals from a database of photos. This integration of machine learning with OpenCV not only showcases the potential for bolstering security systems but also enriches user experiences across various technological platforms. Through a meticulous examination of unique facial features and the application of sophisticated ML algorithms and neural networks, our project …

Relative Influence Of Sea State And Mean, Turbulent, And Heterogenous Refractivity On X-Band Propagation, Douglas M. Pastore, Erin E. Hackett

Marine Science

In predicting electromagnetic wave propagation within the marine atmospheric surface layer, it is common to assume steady homogenous conditions. However, discrepancies between predicted and measured propagation remain, which could be due in-part to turbulent fluctuations of the refractive index, spatially heterogenous evaporative ducting environments, and mischaracterization of the rough ocean bottom boundary. To better understand the relative importance of these contributors, this study explores the sensitivity of X-band propagation to parameters describing sea-state conditions and refractive environments, including turbulent fluctuations and spatially heterogenous conditions. This study employs the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test to compute sensitivity indices that evaluate the …

Software Development And Market Research Process Of Plasma Software Distribution, Connor Moore

Honors College Theses

When trying to find the right software for scientific research, one may have to comb through the internet to acquire a suitable tool. Much of the scientific software online is in mostly unknown web pages where the only way to find the software is to already know about it, be told about it, or find the software by pure chance. Even worse, with few verification systems in place they may try a new program only for it to turn out to be malware. The search for the right software takes time away from the scientists, slowing the overall pace of …

Investigating Magnetic Precession In The Magnetized Kerr Spacetime, Ashwal D'Souza

University Departments

No abstract provided.

Path Integrals For Stochastic Process, Matlub Bux

University Departments

No abstract provided.

Study Of The Solar Coronal Plasma Properties, Shubhashri S. Shenoy

University Departments

No abstract provided.

Probing The Nature Of Diffuse Dust Emission In The Galaxy, Addepalli Sri Udaya K Rao G

University Departments

No abstract provided.

Synthesis And Analysis Of A Novel Magnetic Surfactant, Donovan Turpin

Honors Theses

Researchers in the University of Mississippi Chemical Engineering Department have suggested that chelation of a large magnetic transition metal, namely dysprosium, into the large polar head group of a surfactant could result in a magnetic surfactant. This project was aimed at synthesizing a surfactant with a large enough head group and negative charge (specifically EDTA) to support this ion and demonstrating that the chelation process was successful. If so, the molecule would ideally be capable of forming micelles which could extract oily substances from water using a strong magnet—possibly applicable to environmental crises like oil spills.

NMR analysis has suggested, …

The Effect Of Metabolic Modulators On The Rate Of Steady State Water Exchange In S. Cerevisiae Grown In Chemostat Bioreactors, Samantha Mumford, Mark Woods, Johnathan Dutra

Student Research Symposium

Water transport across the lipid bilayer due to osmotic stress causes a change in intracellular volume over time. At isotonic equilibrium there is no change in cell volume and yet water exchange does not stop. Water molecules continue to exchange rapidly with those of the extracellular space. The rate constant for steady state water efflux (k_io) can be measured using contrast enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) and the two-site exchange (2SX) model. k_io is known to correlate with the cellular energy molecule ATP making it a probable biomarker for metabolic diseases such as cancer. Measurements of k …

Improving Tattle-Tale K-Deniability, Nicholas G.E. Morales

Student Research Symposium

Ensuring privacy for databases is an ongoing struggle. While the majority of work has focused on using access control lists to protect sensitive data these methods are vulnerable to inference attacks. A set of algorithms, referred to as Tattle-Tale, was developed that could protect sensitive data from being inferred however its runtime performance wasn’t suitable for production code. This set of algorithms contained two main subsets, Full Deniability and K-Deniability. My research focused on improving the runtime or utility of the K-Deniability algorithms. I investigated the runtime of the K-Deniability algorithms to identify what was slowing the process down. Aside …

Integration Of Agent Models And Meta Reinforcement Learning (Meta-Rl) Algorithms For Car Racing Experiment, Vidyavarshini Holenarasipur Jayashankar

Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Achieving optimal performance in 2D racing games presents unique challenges, requiring adaptive strategies and advanced learning algorithms. This research explores the integration of sophisticated agent models with Meta Reinforcement Learning (Meta-RL) techniques, specifically Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), to enhance decision-making and adaptability within these simulated environments. We hypothesize that this innovative approach will lead to marked improvements in game performance and learning efficiency.

Methods: In our experimental setup, we applied MAML for its rapid adaptation capabilities and PPO for optimizing the agents' policy decisions within a 2D racing game simulator. The objective was …

Beavers Beyond Boundaries: Perceptions Of Beaver-Related Restoration, Matthew V. Guziejka

Student Research Symposium

The study "Beavers Beyond Boundaries: Perceptions of Beaver-Related Restoration" conducted by Matt Guziejka and Heejun Chang from the WISE Lab, Department of Geography at Portland State University, delves into the social, cultural, and environmental dimensions of Beaver-Related Restoration (BRR) within the urban setting of the Tualatin River watershed. Utilizing a voluntary survey with 187 participants across three urban watershed sites, the research aimed to analyze community perceptions concerning beavers and their impact on the environment, particularly in relation to their proximity to watercourses. Findings indicate that proximity significantly affects attitudes towards beavers, with those living closer to watercourses demonstrating more …

Securing The Internet Of Things At Scale, Steven L. Willoughby

Student Research Symposium

The world of the connected “Internet of Things” (IoT), including the "Industrial Internet of Things" (IIoT) is expanding to include more devices which observe and influence our daily lives, routines, locations, and even our state of health. But have the underlying protocols by which they communicate this data kept pace with the need to protect our privacy and security?

My talk will introduce my research into an approach to better secure this information flow using appropriate access controls without sacrificing performance. I will assess the historical challenges and simple access controls applied to IoT networking protocols and how they can …

Extreme Precipitation Climatology Of The Contiguous U.S., Amy M. Johnson

Student Research Symposium

Extreme precipitation can cause flooding, landslides, loss of life and assets. Across the Contiguous United States (CONUS), concurrent to global warming, many communities have experienced increases in the amount of rain falling during the most extreme precipitation events and climate models project further increases for most of the CONUS. There is a need to comprehensively study the extreme precipitation climatology across the CONUS to understand what is within the observed range of extreme precipitation and the weather that drives it. Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications 2 (MERRA-2) atmospheric reanalysis data for the period of 1980-2023 is used …

A Novel Caching Algorithm For Efficient Fine-Grained Access Control In Database Management Systems, Anadi Shakya

Student Research Symposium

Fine-grained access Control (FGAC) in DBMS is vital for restricting user access to authorized data and enhancing security. FGAC policies govern how users are granted access to specific resources based on detailed criteria, ensuring security and privacy measures. Traditional methods struggle with scaling policies to thousands, causing delays in query responses. This paper introduces a novel caching algorithm designed to address this challenge by accelerating query processing and ensuring compliance with FGAC policies. In our approach, we create a circular hashmap and employ different replacement techniques to efficiently manage the cache, prioritizing entries that are visited more frequently. To evaluate …

Recovery Of Black Carbon Concentrations In Burned Forests, Monica V. Zapata Villegas, Kelly E. Gleason

Student Research Symposium

Forest fires shed light absorbing particles (LAP), such as black carbon and burned woody debris, into snowpacks, darkening snow surface albedo, and advancing snowmelt timing and snow disappearance patterns for decades following fire. Although the role of LAPs in seasonal snow has been extensively studied in recent years, the spatiotemporal variability of LAPs and contributions to snowmelt relative to years since fire and burn severity is still unknown. In the Triple Divide region of western Wyoming, the headwaters of the Colorado, Columbia, and Missouri rivers, we quantified the spatiotemporal variability of forest fire effects on snow albedo, using geochemical analysis …

Development Of A Two-Photon Laser Scanning Microscope, Jess Hollenbaugh

Student Research Symposium

The objective of this project was to convert a Sarastro 2000 confocal laser scanning microscope into a system capable of imaging using two-photon excitation (TPE) fluorescence for the use of the PSU biology department. TPE microscopy operates on the ability of fluorophores to accept two photons each with half the energy of a desired transition in a single quantum event via a virtual energy state and then emit a higher energy photon upon relaxation. This is preferable to single-photon excitation (SPE) due to the lower energy photons causing less damage to delicate biological samples. The adaptation process included physically altering …

The Influence Of Soil Composition On Stormwater Retention And Runoff In Green Roofs At Portland State, Manuel Edrozo, Lily Green, Mitchell Mcdonald, Nicholas Olmos

Student Research Symposium

The purpose of this study is to determine what soil composition is best for green roofs at Portland State; we aim to compare the current soil to the original substrate, to measure which composition retains the most water, and which filters out the most pollutants in stormwater runoff. Five different soil compositions were tested — original, current, layered mixed, solid mixed, and potting soils — and 1,000mL of high and low intensity rainfall (in/hr) was simulated for each of the mixtures. Water was allowed to filter through the soils for a predetermined time (10min for a high application rate and …