Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Role Of Herbicides In Invasive Plant Management Systems, Robert A. Masters, Byron B. Sleugh

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Biological Control And Integrated Rangeland Weed Management, Linda M. Wilson

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Invasive Grassland‐Rangeland Plants Of China And The United States Of America, John H. Brock, Jinguo Wu

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Drone-Based Magnetic Surveying In Eastern Nebraska, Sulaiman Albadi

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A magnetic survey is one of the methods used by scientists to detect subsurface features. Magnetic surveys can be carried out by walking on the surface of the earth with a magnetic field reading device called a magnetometer. Alternatively, a magnetometer can be installed on a moving platform (aircraft, boat, drone, bicycle) to conduct a more efficient magnetic survey. The geophysics team at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln assembled a drone-based magnetic survey system in 2019 (Jacobson and Filina, 2019) that has proven effective in magnetic readings over the Northern Bounding Fault (NBF) in eastern Nebraska (Jacobson and Filina, …

An Integrated Food, Energy, And Water Nexus, Human Well-Being, And Resilience (Few-Wise) Framework: New Mexico, Kamini Yadav, Hatim M. Geli, Andres F. Cibils, Michael Hayes, Alexander Fernald, James Peach, Mohammed N. Sawalhah, Vincent C. Tidwell, Lindsay E. Johnson, Ashraf J. Zaied, Melakeneh G. Gedefaw

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Interconnected food, energy, and water (FEW) nexus systems face many challenges to support human well-being (HWB) and maintain resilience, especially in arid and semiarid regions like New Mexico (NM), United States (US). Insufficient FEW resources, unstable economic growth due to fluctuations in prices of crude oil and natural gas, inequitable education and employment, and climate change are some of these challenges. Enhancing the resilience of such coupled socio-environmental systems depends on the efficient use of resources, improved understanding of the interlinkages across FEW system components, and adopting adaptable alternative management strategies. The goal of this study was to develop a …

Ductile And Brittle Deformation Of Slackwater Deposits In The Tucannon River Valley, Chelsi K. Howard

Geosciences Student Work

The Tucannon River valley in eastern Washington is home to a number of ductile and brittle soft-sediment deformation. This project aims to look at ductile deformation by classifying and comparing styles of clastic dikes in the field and to look at brittle deformation by analyzing small faults in localized outcrops. Clastic dikes are sedimentary intrusions into other sedimentary strata. There are three main types of clastic dikes: injection, extrusion, and sugtrusion. In addition, two subcategories of clastic dikes are described as sheeted dikes and fault injection dikes. Ductile and brittle deformation occurs in “slackwater” deposits associated with margins of glacial …

Correlations Between The Strange Quark Condensate, Strange Quark Mass, And Kaon Pcac Relation, Derek Harnett, Jason N.E. Ho, Tom G. Steele

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Correlations between the strange quark mass, strange quark condensate ⟨¯ss⟩, and the kaon partially conserved axial current (PCAC) relation are developed. The key dimensionless and renormalization-group invariant quantities in these correlations are the ratio of the strange to nonstrange quark mass rm=ms/mq, the condensate ratio rc=⟨¯ss⟩/⟨¯qq⟩, and the kaon PCAC deviation parameter rp=−ms⟨¯ss+¯qq⟩/2f2Km2K. The correlations define a self-consistent trajectory in the {rm,rc,rp} parameter space constraining strange quark parameters that can be used to assess the compatibility of different predictions of these parameters. Combining the constraint with Particle Data Group (PDG) values of rm results in {rc,rp} constraint trajectories that are …

Bountychain: Toward Decentralizing A Bug Bounty Program With Blockchain And Ipfs, Alex Hoffman, Phillipe Austria, Chol Hyun Park, Yoohwan Kim

Computer Science Faculty Research

Bug Bounty Programs (BBPs) play an important role in providing and maintaining security in software applications. These programs allow testers to discover and resolve bugs before the general public is aware of them, preventing incidents of widespread abuse. However, they have shown problems such as organizations providing accountability of reporting bugs and nonrecognition of testers. In this paper, we discuss Bountychain, a decentralized application using Ethereum-based Smart Contracts (SCs) and the Interplanetary File System (IPFS), a distributed file storage system. Blockchain and SCs provide a safe, secure and transparent platform for a BBP. Testers can submit bug reports and organizations …

The Dangers Of Fast Fashion: A Health And Environmental Analysis, Summer Roslyn Turnberg

Global Honors Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to explore the alternatives for fast fashion, the global interdependence between areas of production and areas of consumption for fast fashion, and the long-term health and environmental risks associated with fast fashion production and consumption. This paper aims to discover what health effects are proven to be associated with fast fashion production, the causes of health effects, and the steps which manufacturers, shoppers, fashion companies, and those producing the clothing can take to better the fast fashion interdependency and operations. This study will first delve into the global interdependencies of fast fashion and the …

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site, Trec Inc., A Woodard And Curran Company

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

On Distributions Of Self-Adjoint Extensions Of Symmetric Operators, Franco Fagnola, Zheng Li

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Forage Quality Of Five Important Grasses At Sar‐Aliabad Summer Rangelands In Golestan Province, Iran, S. A. Hosseini, M. Mesdaghi

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of The Acid Detergent Lignin (Adl) Among Seven Populations Of Lespedeza Davurica, Xiang Zhao, Kuanhu Dong, Yi Xing

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Cultivar, Row Spacing And Seeding Rate On Alfalfa Hay Yield, Zehong Zhang, Fuyuan Liu, Yunwen Wang, Tiejun Zhang

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of The Primary Volatile Compositions In The Oort Cloud And Jupiter-Family Comets Towards The Goal Of Understanding Their Origin And Diversity, Mohammad Saki

Dissertations

Knowledge of the initial conditions present in the early solar nebula is required to understand the evolution and its current volatile content. Comets were some of the first objects to accrete in the solar nebula. They are among the most pristine (primitive) remnants of the solar system formation, and their present-day volatile composition likely reflects the composition and conditions where (and when) they formed. Therefore, they are fossils of the solar system formation. High-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy is a valuable tool for sampling the parent volatile (i.e., ices subliming directly from the nucleus) composition of comets via analysis of fluorescence emission …

Defining The Basis Of Cyanine Phototruncation Enables A New Approach To Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy, Siddharth S. Matikonda, Dominic A. Helmerich, Mara Meub, Gerti Beliu, Philip Kollmannsberger, Alexander Greer, Markus Sauer, Martin J. Schnermann

Publications and Research

The light-promoted conversion of extensively used cyanine dyes to blue-shifted emissive products has been observed in various contexts. However, both the underlying mechanism and the species involved in this photoconversion reaction have remained elusive. Here we report that irradiation of heptamethine cyanines provides pentamethine cyanines, which, in turn, are photoconverted to trimethine cyanines. We detail an examination of the mechanism and substrate scope of this remarkable twocarbon phototruncation reaction. Supported by computational analysis, we propose that this reaction involves a singlet oxygeninitiated multistep sequence involving a key hydroperoxycyclobutanol intermediate. Building on this mechanistic framework, we identify conditions to improve the …

Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: June 2021 Report, Gregory V. Jones

Linfield University Wine Studies Reports

This report provides a summary of the weather and climate forecast for June 2021. It includes forecast information specific to the Pacific Northwest and the western United States, as well as forecast information for other portions of the United States and abroad.

Sphincs_Bssn: A General Relativistic Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Code For Dynamical Spacetimes, S. Rosswog, P. Diener

Faculty Publications

We present a new methodology for simulating self-gravitating general-relativistic fluids. In our approach the fluid is modelled by means of Lagrangian particles in the framework of a general-relativistic (GR) smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation, while the spacetime is evolved on a mesh according to the Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formulation that is also frequently used in Eulerian GR-hydrodynamics. To the best of our knowledge this is the first Lagrangian fully general relativistic hydrodynamics code (all previous SPH approaches used approximations to GR-gravity). A core ingredient of our particle-mesh approach is the coupling between the gas (represented by particles) and the spacetime (represented …

Observations With The Differential Speckle Survey Instrument. X. Preliminary Orbits Of K-Dwarf Binaries And Other Stars, Elliott P. Horch, Kyle G. Broderick, Dana I. Casetti-Dinescu, Todd J. Henry, Francis C. Fekel, Matthew W. Muterspaugh, Daryl W. Willmarth, Jennifer G. Winters, Gerard T. Van Belle, Catherine A. Clark, Mark E. Everett

Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications

This paper details speckle observations of binary stars taken at the Lowell Discovery Telescope, the WIYN telescope, and the Gemini telescopes between 2016 January and 2019 September. The observations taken at Gemini and Lowell were done with the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI), and those done at WIYN were taken with the successor instrument to DSSI at that site, the NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Star and Speckle Imager (NESSI). In total, we present 378 observations of 178 systems, and we show that the uncertainty in the measurement precision for the combined data set is ∼2 mas in separation, ∼1°–2° in position angle …

Contested Landscapes, Disputed Realities: An Investigation Of Socio-Environmental Conflict From Mining In Northern Ecuador: An Honors Thesis, Ian F. Hirons

Student Works

For decades, Ecuador has been one of the preeminent petrostates in South America. However, in response to recent drops in global demand and pricing for oil products, the country has made serious commitments to further develop its mineral resources. By opening a new natural resource sector, Ecuador has firmly cemented itself as a primarily extractivist nation. In the process, the national government has frequently come into conflict with activist and community groups who protest the encroachment of extractive industry. This thesis explores the various dimensions of socio-environmental conflict created by large-scale mining projects in northern Ecuador with specific attention to …

Examining The Effect Of Explanation On Satisfaction And Trust In Ai Diagnostic Systems, Lamia Alam, Shane Mueller

Michigan Tech Publications

Background: Artificial Intelligence has the potential to revolutionize healthcare, and it is increasingly being deployed to support and assist medical diagnosis. One potential application of AI is as the first point of contact for patients, replacing initial diagnoses prior to sending a patient to a specialist, allowing health care professionals to focus on more challenging and critical aspects of treatment. But for AI systems to succeed in this role, it will not be enough for them to merely provide accurate diagnoses and predictions. In addition, it will need to provide explanations (both to physicians and patients) about why the diagnoses …

U-Net And Its Variants For Medical Image Segmentation: A Review Of Theory And Applications, Nahian Siddique, Paheding Sidike, Colin P. Elkin, Vijay Devabhaktuni

Michigan Tech Publications

U-net is an image segmentation technique developed primarily for image segmentation tasks. These traits provide U-net with a high utility within the medical imaging community and have resulted in extensive adoption of U-net as the primary tool for segmentation tasks in medical imaging. The success of U-net is evident in its widespread use in nearly all major image modalities, from CT scans and MRI to Xrays and microscopy. Furthermore, while U-net is largely a segmentation tool, there have been instances of the use of U-net in other applications. Given that U-net’s potential is still increasing, this narrative literature review examines …

Identifying Optimal Course Structures Using Topic Models, Tehut Tesfaye Biru

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

This research project investigates whether there exists an optimal way to structure topics in educational course content that results in higher levels of engagement among students. It is implemented by fitting topic models to transcripts of educational videos contained in the Khan Academy platform. The fitted models were used to extract topic trajectories across time for each video and subsequently clustered based on whether they have similar “shapes”. The differences in mean engagement metrics per cluster suggest that some course shapes are more palatable to students regardless of subject matter. Additionally, the topic trajectories suggest a constant progression of topics …

Facing Truths: Facial Recognition Software In Digital Archives, Rebecca Bakker, Kelley Flannery Rowan

Works of the FIU Libraries

This presentation discusses research conducted on various facial recognition software and was funded by a LYRASIS Catalyst Fund grant. The goal of the research was to determine whether facial recognition software could be adapted to work with older, often faded or discolored historical photos and still accurately identify faces in photographs. Such software capabilities would be highly beneficial for librarians and archivists in creating quality metadata by identifying unknown people in photos. It would also assist archivists in finding the photos patrons and partners are seeking. The research brought to light the many ethical controversies associated with facial recognition technology, …

Noncommutative Tensor Triangular Geometry And Its Applications To Representation Theory, Kent Barton Vashaw

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

One of the cornerstones of the representation theory of Hopf algebras and finite tensor categories is the theory of support varieties. Balmer introduced tensor triangular geometry for symmetric monoidal triangulated categories, which united various support variety theories coming from disparate areas such as homotopy theory, algebraic geometry, and representation theory. In this thesis a noncommutative version will be introduced and developed. We show that this noncommutative analogue of Balmer's theory can be determined in many concrete situations via the theory of abstract support data, and can be used to classify thick tensor ideals. We prove an analogue of prime ideal …

Dna-Topology Simplification By Topoisomerases, Andreas Hanke, Riccardo Ziraldo, Stephen D. Levene

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The topological properties of DNA molecules, supercoiling, knotting, and catenation, are intimately connected with essential biological processes, such as gene expression, replication, recombination, and chromosome segregation. Non-trivial DNA topologies present challenges to the molecular machines that process and maintain genomic information, for example, by creating unwanted DNA entanglements. At the same time, topological distortion can facilitate DNA-sequence recognition through localized duplex unwinding and longer-range loop-mediated interactions between the DNA sequences. Topoisomerases are a special class of essential enzymes that homeostatically manage DNA topology through the passage of DNA strands. The activities of these enzymes are generally investigated using circular DNA …

Colossal Density-Driven Resistance Response In The Negative Charge Transfer Insulator Mns2, Dylan Durkee, Nathan Dasenbrock-Gammon, G. Alexander Smith, Elliot Snider, Dean Smith, Christian Childs, Simon A.J. Kimber, Keith V. Lawler, Ranga P. Dias, Ashkan Salamat

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research

A reversible density driven insulator to metal to insulator transition in high-spin MnS2 is experimentally observed, leading with a colossal electrical resistance drop of 108 ω by 12 GPa. Density functional theory simulations reveal the metallization to be unexpectedly driven by previously unoccupied S22- σ3p∗ antibonding states crossing the Fermi level. This is a unique variant of the charge transfer insulator to metal transition for negative charge transfer insulators having anions with an unsaturated valence. By 36 GPa the emergence of the low-spin insulating arsenopyrite (P21/c) is confirmed, and the bulk metallicity is broken with the system returning to an …

Making Sense Of Noisy Data: Theory And Applications, Lingzhi Chen

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This thesis introduces a novel and interpretable index of increase which is mathematically defined based on the distance between a given function and a set of non-increasing functions. Unlike the widely used traditional statistical methods for analyzing relationships between variables, the index does not rely on assumptions such as linearity, normality, and monotonicity, which may not be satisfied. Hence, it has the flexibility to be applied directly on pairs of data points to measure and compare non-linear, asymmetric, and non-monotonic relationships between two variables.

We begin with a review of the literature and background knowledge in Chapter 2.

In Chapter …

Net Photosynthesis Rate And Transpiration Rate Of Algonquin In Different Growth Years, Lijun Xu, B. Wang, Q. Z. Sun

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.