Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Exact Solutions To Optimal Control Problems For Wiener Processes With Exponential Jumps, Mario Lefebvre

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

Confidence Intervals Of Covid-19 Vaccine Efficacy Rates, Frank Wang

Numeracy

This tutorial uses publicly available data from drug makers and the Food and Drug Administration to guide learners to estimate the confidence intervals of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy rates with a Bayesian framework. Under the classical approach, there is no probability associated with a parameter, and the meaning of confidence intervals can be misconstrued by inexperienced students. With Bayesian statistics, one can find the posterior probability distribution of an unknown parameter, and state the probability of vaccine efficacy rate, which makes the communication of uncertainty more flexible. We use a hypothetical example and a real baseball example to guide readers to …

The Production And Nutritional Composition Of Forage Sorghum Cultivars As Silage Crops, A. Swanepoel, Philip R. Botha, H. S. Gerber, Robin Meeske

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Production And Nutritional Composition Of Annual Winter Growing Grass And Legume Species As Winter Pasture, Philip R. Botha, H. S. Gerber, Robin Meeske, A. Swanepoel

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Machine Learning In Stock Price Prediction Using Long Short-Term Memory Networks And Gradient Boosted Decision Trees, Carl Samuel Cederborg

Honors Projects

Quantitative analysis has been a staple of the financial world and investing for many years. Recently, machine learning has been applied to this field with varying levels of success. In this paper, two different methods of machine learning (ML) are applied to predicting stock prices. The first utilizes deep learning and Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs), and the second uses ensemble learning in the form of gradient tree boosting. Using closing price as the training data and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) as the error metric, experimental results suggest the gradient boosting approach is more viable.

Honors Symposium: ML is …

Microbial Assemblages In Relation To Host And Environmental Surroundings, Mark Fischer

Senior Honors Theses

The goal of this study was to determine if the microbiome between two crayfish microhabitats were different from one other, in addition to the surrounding water and sediment. This project was a field-based study in which all environmental samples and crayfish were collected from a central Virginian freshwater stream. Molecular techniques were employed to sequence bacterial DNA from the various sample types and Qiime 2 was used to analyze statistical differences. The results from this study aligned well with the initial hypothesis in that the alpha-diversities between all of the sample types were statistically different (P<0.05) except for the gill chamber and surrounding water microbial assemblages. In addition, the Beta-diversity was statistically different when the bacterial composition of one sample type was compared to the composition of the other samples (P<0.05). This data aids in our understanding of the significance of microbes within a freshwater ecosystem and how they are distributed among freshwater organisms, such as the crayfish.

Spirals And Skyrmions In Antiferromagnetic Triangular Lattices, Wuzhang Fang, Aldo Raeliarijaona, Po-Hao Chang, Alexey Kovalev, Kirill Belashchenko

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We study realizations of spirals and skyrmions in two-dimensional antiferromagnets with a triangular lattice on an inversion-symmetry-breaking substrate. As a possible material realization, we investigate the adsorption of transition-metal atoms (Cr, Mn, Fe, or Co) on a monolayer of MoS2, WS2, or WSe2 and obtain the exchange, anisotropy, and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction parameters using first-principles calculations. Using energy minimization and parallel-tempering Monte Carlo simulations, we determine the magnetic phase diagrams for a wide range of interaction parameters. We find that skyrmion lattices can appear even with weak Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, but their stability is hindered by magnetic anisotropy. However, a weak easy …

Supporting Biomedical Research Training For Historically Underrepresented Undergraduates Using Interprofessional, Nonformal Education Structures, Lisa K. Marriott, Aaron Raz Link, Roberto P. Anitori, Ernest A. Blackwell, Andrea Blas, Jennifer Brock, Tracey K. Burke, Julia A. Burrows, Alexis P. Cabrera, Derek Helsham, Lorna B. Liban, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Mika Maruyama, Kathryn C.A. Milligan-Myhre, Perry J.C. Panelinan, Margaret Hattori-Uchima, Russell Reed, Ben E. Simon, Beylul Solomon, Alma M.O. Trinidad, Letisha R. Wyatt, Alonso Delgado Covarrubias, Adrienne Zell, Thomas E. Keller, Cynthia Morris, Carlos J. Crespo

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Research experience provides critical training for new biomedical research scientists. Students from underrepresented populations studying science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are increasingly recruited into research pathways to diversify STEM fields. However, support structures outside of research settings designed to help these students navigate biomedical research pathways are not always available; nor are program support components outside the context of laboratory technical skills training and formal mentorship well understood. This study leveraged a multi-institutional research training program, Enhancing Cross-Disciplinary Infrastructure and Training at Oregon (EXITO), to explore how nine institutions designed a new curricular structure (Enrichment) to meet a common …

Cosmological Inflation In N-Dimensional Gaussian Random Fields With Algorithmic Data Compression, Connor A. Painter

Honors Theses

The leading modern theories of cosmological inflation are increasingly multi-dimensional. The “inflaton field” φ that has been postulated to drive accelerating expansion in the very early universe has a corresponding potential function V , the details of which, such as the number of dimensions and shape, have yet to be specified. We consider a natural hypothesis that V ought to be maximally random. We realize this idea by defining the V as a Gaussian random field in some number N of dimensions. We repeatedly simulate of the evolution of φ given a set of conditions on the “landscape” of V …

Geochemical Characterization Of The Utica Shale Play Using Xrf-Based Chemostratigraphy In Ohio, Barbara Kemeh, Julie M. Bloxson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Utica shale is an extensive gas shale play within the Appalachian Basin, expanding from Quebec through New York, into Pennsylvania, West Virginia and Ohio. Currently a target for gas exploration, it is also the source rock for much of the Paleozoic reservoirs throughout the basin. However, the Utica-Point Pleasant lithology varies significantly across the Appalachian Basin which can make it challenging to characterize.

The Utica shale Play consists of the Trenton/Lexington Limestones, Point Pleasant Formation and Utica shale. The Point Pleasant Formation and Utica shale are often grouped together, especially in Ohio because they are difficult to visually distinguish …

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Potential Effects Of Autonomous Vehicles On The Insurance Industry, Zachery Trump

Senior Honors Theses

The implementation of autonomous vehicles, or self-driving cars, promises to radically change much of the normal way of life. While it may seem inconsequential to start small with a vehicle of relatively low level of automation, there are many factors to consider. Some of these factors include security, moral dilemmas, and even the insurance field. One can look back at previous implementations of new technology, such as air bags, and see that it can be difficult to predict consequences and adapt. However, actuaries have been suggesting solutions to make autonomous vehicles a safe reality. While the solutions may vary, one …

Compound Extreme Events, Radley Horton

Sustainability Seminar Series

There is a growing realization among scientists and decision makers that extreme events should not be considered in isolation. Compound events of three types will be described: 1) multivariate (e.g. heat plus humidity), 2) sequential (e.g. a heat wave after a tropical cyclone), and 3) concurrent (e.g. simultaneous temperature extremes in multiple regions). Research results will be presented for these compound extremes. More research is needed on correlations and physical mechanisms that can link seemingly independent extreme events. This research is especially urgent now, since climate change may shift the correlation structures of extreme events, and because compound extreme events …

Improved Forage Seed Availability In Southern Uganda, P. Grimaud, S. G. Byenkya, Elly N. Sabiiti

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Temperature And Time Variables For Accelerated Aging Testing Of Leymus Chinensis Seed, Peisheng Mao, S. J. Chang, Y. H. Wang, J. J. Lian

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Germination Of Five Perennial Rhizome Grasses (Poaceae) In Response To Na2Co3 Stress, H. Y. Ma, Z. W. Liang, L. H. Huang, M. Liu, C. Yan, Z. C. Wang

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Study On Zoysiagrass (Zoysia Japonica Steud.) Seed Production Technology, Chunhui Ma, Jianguo Han, Peng Li

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Standardization Breeding Systematic Construction For Seed Production Of Qiancao No. 2 Tall Fescue, Tianqiong Luo, Bentian Mo, Zhongfu Long, Junjiang Meng, Ruixiang Chen

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Students’ Civic Engagement Self-Efficacy Varies Across Socioscientific Issues Contexts, Jenny Dauer, Amanda E. Sorensen, Jena Wilson

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

In STEM learning focused on science literacy, socioscientific issues instruction is often proposed as a way to bolster students’ civic engagement, however few studies in science education have explicitly examined this connection. We define civic engagement as the work of influencing legitimately public matters using means within the existing political structure. In this work we investigate students’ feelings of self-efficacy for this type of civic engagement in the context of four socioscientific issues (prairie dog conservation, food insecurity, biofuels and water conservation). This study was in the context of a large enrollment introductory science college course, where students used a …

Tuscarora Mountain Tunnel - 1991

United States Data - Pennsylvania

Relevant Publications

Atmospheric Environment Publication (1996)

Provo - 1991

United States Data - Utah

Relevant Publications

Air & Waste Management Association Publication (1993)

Final Report

Pothole Detection Under Diverse Conditions Using Object Detection Models, Ibrahim Hassan Syed, Dympna O'Sullivan, Susan Mckeever

Conference papers

One of the most important tasks in road maintenance is the detection of potholes. This process is usually done through manual visual inspection, where certified engineers assess recorded images of pavements acquired using cameras or professional road assessment vehicles. Machine learning techniques are now being applied to this problem, with models trained to automatically identify road conditions. However, approaching this real-world problem with machine learning techniques presents the classic problem of how to produce generalisable models. Images and videos may be captured in different illumination conditions, with different camera types, camera angles, and resolutions. In this paper, we present our …

Simulating Many Body Localization With Rydberg Atoms, Alicia Handian

Physics and Astronomy Honors Papers

In thermodynamics, interacting systems are expected to achieve equilibrium with one another over the course of time. However, there are exceptions to this rule. When systems localize, or fail to reach equilibrium, information about the initial state of the system is preserved and locally observable after long periods of time. Many-body localization focuses on systems of interacting particles that fail to thermalize. We have developed a simulation that models the behavior of a many-body quantum system. The simulation is inspired by experiments conducted by Liu, et al., in their recent publication “Time Dependence of Few Body Forster Interactions Among Ultracold …

Model Counting Meets F0 Estimation, A. Pavan, N. V. Vinodchandran, Arnab Bhattacharyya, Kuldeep S. Meel

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

Constraint satisfaction problems (CSP’s) and data stream models are two powerful abstractions to capture a wide variety of problems arising in different domains of computer science. Developments in the two communities have mostly occurred independently and with little interaction between them. In this work, we seek to investigate whether bridging the seeming communication gap between the two communities may pave the way to richer fundamental insights. To this end, we focus on two foundational problems: model counting for CSP’s and computation of zeroth frequency moments (F₀) for data streams.

Our investigations lead us to observe striking similarity …

Abhd5 Induced Morphological Changes On Model Membrane Systems, Nasser S. Junedi

Honors College Theses

Proper regulation of neutral lipid storage (lipogenesis) and release (lipolysis) are critical molecular processes localized to an organelle called the Lipid Droplet (LD). The LD consists of a core with neutral lipids such as triacylglycerols (TAGs) and sterol esters surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer. Dysregulation of the processes localized to the LD are involved in the pathology of various diseases such as Neutral Lipid Storage Disease, diabetes, stroke and cancer. The non-enzymatic protein ABHD5 (α-β Hydrolase Domain-Containing Protein 5), is thought to play a key role in the process of lipolysis by forming homo-oligomers on the surface of the LD …

Detection Of Health-Related Behaviours Using Head-Mounted Devices, Shengjie Bi

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

The detection of health-related behaviors is the basis of many mobile-sensing applications for healthcare and can trigger other inquiries or interventions. Wearable sensors have been widely used for mobile sensing due to their ever-decreasing cost, ease of deployment, and ability to provide continuous monitoring. In this dissertation, we develop a generalizable approach to sensing eating-related behavior.

First, we developed Auracle, a wearable earpiece that can automatically detect eating episodes. Using an off-the-shelf contact microphone placed behind the ear, Auracle captures the sound of a person chewing as it passes through the head. This audio data is then processed by a …

International Migration From The Latin American-Caribbean Region: Taking Environmental Indicators Into Consideration, Chelsea Wepy

Student Theses and Dissertations

International migration, the act of leaving one’s country to permanently settle in another country, is driven by many socio economic/political factors, such as lack of economic opportunity, access to education, governmental corruption, and violence. These factors have proven to be the reason that many citizens within the Latin American-Caribbean region either choose or are forced to relocate internationally. While these factors are important to consider independently; these issues are often exacerbated by changes in the natural environment. The objective of my paper is to highlight the importance of considering changes in the natural environment. In doing so, I hope to …

Exploring The Dynamics Of Biological Macromolecules At Angstrom Scale, Calvin Foss

Honors Thesis

This thesis studied the Guanylate Kinase (GK) enzyme, which catalyzes the reaction of ATP into ADP, using nano-rheological techniques. A unique experimental setup was created in order to observe the conformational dynamics of the biological macromolecules. An oscillatory force was applied by attaching enzymes to a gold-coated surface and gold nanoparticles. An additional gold-coated surface was placed on top of the setup in order to create a parallel plate capacitor configuration. An oscillatory voltage was then applied across the capacitor to drive the gold nanoparticles and exert a force on the enzymes. The setup detected the ensemble averaged movement of …

Structure Determination Of Pd2sin (N = 1 - 9) Clusters, Ryan Carlin

Honors College Theses

The geometry and relative stability of small Pd2Sin (n = 1 - 9) clusters are determined using the B3LYP hybrid density functional theory method. Candidate structures are identified by the utilization of unbiased global optimization procedures. From the lowest energy geometries, binding energy, fragmentation energy, second-order energy difference, and frontier orbital gap energy are calculated to determine cluster stability. Pd2Sin (n = 8 and 9) adapts new lowest energy geometric configurations that have previously not been considered. Pd2Si5 is determined to have a high relative stability of the clusters within this size range.

Storing Intermediate Results In Space And Time: Sql Graphs And Block Referencing, Basem Ibrahim Elazzabi

Dissertations and Theses

With the advancement of data-collection technology and with more data being available for data analysts for data-intensive decision making, many data analysts use client-based data-analysis environments to analyze that data. Client-based environments where only a personal computer or a laptop is used to perform data analysis tasks are common. In such client-based environments, multiple tools and systems are typically needed to accomplish data-analysis tasks. Stand-alone systems such as spreadsheets, R, Matlab, and Tableau are usually easy to use, and they are designed for the typical, non-technical data analyst. However, these systems are limited in their data-analysis capabilities. More complex data …