Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Trust Models And Risk In The Internet Of Things, Jeffrey Hemmes

Regis University Faculty Publications

The Internet of Things (IoT) is envisaged to be a large-scale, massively heterogeneous ecosystem of devices with varying purposes and capabilities. While architectures and frameworks have focused on functionality and performance, security is a critical aspect that must be integrated into system design. This work proposes a method of risk assessment of devices using both trust models and static capability profiles to determine the level of risk each device poses. By combining the concepts of trust and secure device fingerprinting, security mechanisms can be more efficiently allocated across networked IoT devices. Simultaneously, devices can be allowed a greater degree of …

Assessing The End-Of-Life Environmental Impacts Of Glass, Metal, And Plastic: An Lca Approach, Gabrielle Ritzer

Honors Projects in Science and Technology

In this study, the environmental impacts of landfilled glass, ferrous metal, and plastic were evaluated and analyzed. This study utilized a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach to determine the environmental impacts of each beverage packaging. The beverage packaging materials glass, ferrous metals, and plastic were analyzed from an end of life of perspective. The significance of this study was to determine the extent and severity of the environmental impacts these materials have once deposited into a landfill. The information gained from this study determined which of the products was more sustainable from an end-of-life perspective. Ferrous metal was found to …

Effects Of Differences In Cell Wall Biochemistry On The Microbial Decomposition Of Sphagnum (Peat Moss), Alexis Koehl, Christian Lundy, Trevor Hile, Erik Schoonover

20th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2021)

Globally, peatlands store twice as much carbon as there is in the atmosphere as CO₂. As average global temperatures continue to rise, the growth or decay of these carbon stores will play an important feedback for future climate change. This study examined the mechanisms behind the rate of decomposition in Sphagnum mosses, specifically the differences in cell wall chemistry between species. We hypothesized that mosses from different microtopographies will differ in rate of decomposition, as previous studies have shown that hummock mosses have higher concentrations of recalcitrant structural carbohydrates in their cell walls compared to hollow mosses. The …

App Development For Wearable Sensors, Connor Pittman, Christopher Chappie, Patrick A. Tetreault

Thinking Matters Symposium

The objective of this research project was to create a wearable device that monitors bodily functions for the user to view on their smartphone. Sensor data is processed using the Arduino Nano 33 BLE microcontroller. The sensors used in this project include: proximity, temperature, humidity, heart rate, pressure, and skin impedance. This project takes advantage of the Arduino's Bluetooth low energy (BLE) capabilities so that all the data can be transmitted to a smartphone. This presentation shows the challenges faced during the project and how they were overcome. Some of these challenges include: programming, how heart rate sensors work, and …

How Risk-Related Statistics, As Reported In News And Social Media, Are Linked To The Use Of The Public Transit System, Prashiddhi Pokhrel

Thinking Matters Symposium

Due to the pandemic, people have started relying more on televisions, news, social media, and other news outlets for guidance. Moreover, with the increasing amount of news, data, and information there is also an increase in the amount of misleading statistics. People’s opinions and decisions significantly depend on the data, statistics, and information that they are exposed to, as well as their sources. For this project, we want to look at how information and its sources are affecting the decision made by the general public for the usage of the Portland Transit System. It is very important to know why …

Consumer Food Waste Behaviors In Relation To Open Date Label Misinterpretation, Daniel Hutchings, Elisabeth Seliga, Anya O'Meara, Anna Blank

Thinking Matters Symposium

In the United States, the legal framework for product date labeling is minimal and varies across states. Manufacturers have the discretion to use any date label that they deem appropriate, and this lack of uniformity leaves room for misinterpretation by both retailers and consumers. Previous studies have examined consumer misinterpretation of date labels and how this lack of knowledge correlates to food waste behaviors. This study was aimed at understanding how consumers apply their knowledge about date labels to make decisions about purchasing and discarding food. The research was conducted via an intercept survey outside of a grocery store to …

Snore: An Intuitive Algorithm For Accurately Simulating N-Body Orbits, Connor L. Nance

Honors College Theses

We present SnOrE (Simple n-body Orbital Engine), a Python package which aims to simulate n-body orbital systems while simultaneously overcoming early educational barriers of computational astrodynamics for undergraduate physics students. SnOrE exploits rudimentary syntax and commonly-understood Python libraries to accurately simulate orbits of systems, given initial position and momentum conditions of each body in the system. As the n-body problem is as of yet unsolvable theoretically for n ≥ 3, having a numerical perspective on complicated orbits is of great importance to potentially understanding the processes of star and planet formation. Especially significant examples of this research …

Building Institutional Knowledge Into Student Leaders: A Repository Of Student-Led Climate Change Initiatives At Wmu, Aida Amirul Bahri

Honors Theses

Students and registered student organizations (RSO) at Western Michigan University (WMU) have increasingly shown interest in climate change and environmental issues. However, student leadership roles are often held short-term due to the rapid displacement cycle of student bodies caused by graduation, institution transfers and other factors. New leaders often struggle with picking up where former students left off and advancing previously established efforts. WMU student groups lack an effective system of maintaining institutional knowledge, including student-led campaigns and accomplishments, to support a smoother transition that would empower student leaders and build upon prior progress. The goal of this project is …

Polarimetric Radar Characteristics Of Tornadogenesis Failure In Supercell Thunderstorms, Matthew S. Van Den Broeke

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Many nontornadic supercell storms have times when they appear to be moving toward tornadogenesis, including the development of a strong low-level vortex, but never end up producing a tornado. These tornadogenesis failure (TGF) episodes can be a substantial challenge to operational meteorologists. In this study, a sample of 32 pre-tornadic and 36 pre-TGF supercells is examined in the 30 min pre-tornadogenesis or pre-TGF period to explore the feasibility of using polarimetric radar metrics to highlight storms with larger tornadogenesis potential in the near-term. Overall the results indicate few strong distinguishers of pre-tornadic storms. Differential reflectivity (Z_DR) arc size …

On The Socles Of Characteristically Inert Subgroups Of Abelian P-Groups, Andrey R. Chekhlov, Peter V. Danchev, Brendan Goldsmith

Articles

We define the notion of a characteristically inert socle-regular Abelian p-group and explore such groups by focussing on their socles, thereby relating them to previously studied notions of socle-regularity. We show that large classes of p-groups, including all divisible, totally projective and torsion-complete p-groups, share this property when the prime p is odd. The present work generalizes notions of full inertia intensively studied recently by several authors and is a development of a recent work of the authors published in Mediterranean J. Math. (2021).

Multifidelity Prediction In Wildfire Spread Simulation: Modeling, Uncertainty Quantification And Sensitivity Analysis, Mario Miguel Valero, Lluís Jofre, Ricardo Torres

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Wildfire behavior predictions typically suffer from significant uncertainty. However, wildfire modeling uncertainties remain largely unquantified in the literature, mainly due to computing constraints. New multifidelity techniques provide a promising opportunity to overcome these limitations. Therefore, this paper explores the applicability of multifidelity approaches to wildland fire spread prediction problems. Using a canonical simulation scenario, we assessed the performance of control variates Monte-Carlo (MC) and multilevel MC strategies, achieving speedups of up to 100x in comparison to a standard MC method. This improvement was leveraged to quantify aleatoric uncertainties and analyze the sensitivity of the fire rate of spread (RoS) to …

Evaluation Of Carbon Accounting Tools Available To Mixed Farming Enterprises In Western Australia, Richard Brake

Climate Science Published Reports

In recent years consumers and the general public have become increasingly more cognisant of the environmental impact, through the emitting of greenhouse gases measured as carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e), that the production of goods and services they consume have on the world. Global corporate businesses either through desire or market driven necessity are at the forefront of measuring and reducing their carbon footprint and in doing so placing pressure on suppliers to reduce theirs.

The impact of carbon emissions from agricultural enterprises and the role that the agricultural industry plays in the level of carbon emitted or sequestered continues to …

Epa Region 8 Qa Document Review Crosswalk, Nikia Greene

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Epa Region 8 Qa Document Review Crosswalk, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc., Nikia Greene

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Chemical Shift Assignments Of The N-Terminal Domain Of Psd95 (Psd95-Nt), Yonghong Zhang, Johannes W. Hell, James B. Ames

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD95) contributes to the postsynaptic architecture of neuronal synapses and plays an important role in controlling synaptic plasticity. The N-terminal domain of PSD95 (residues 1–71, called PSD95-NT) interacts with target proteins (calmodulin, α-actinin-1 and CDKL5), which regulate the Ca2+-dependent degradation of glutamate receptors. We report complete backbone NMR chemical shift assignments of PSD95-NT (BMRB No. 50752).

On The Socles Of Fully Inert Subgroups Of Abelian P-Groups, Andrey R. Chekhlov, Peter V. Danchev, Brendan Goldsmith

Articles

We define the so-called fully inert socle-regular and weakly fully inert socle-regular Abelian p-groups and study them with respect to certain of their numerous interesting properties. For instance, we prove that in the case of groups of length ω, these two group classes coincide, but that in the case of groups of length ω+1, they differ. Some structural and characterization results are also obtained. The work generalizes concepts which have been of interest recently in the theory of entropy in algebra and builds on recent investigations by Danchev and Goldsmith (Arch Math (3) 92:191–199, 2009; J Algebra 323:3020–3028, 2010).

An Introduction To Obstacle Problems, Calvin Reedy

Honors Theses

The obstacle problem can be used to predict the shape of an elastic membrane lying over an obstacle in a domain Ω. In this paper we introduce and motivate a mathematical formulation for this problem, and give an example to demonstrate the need to search for solutions in non-classical settings. We then introduce Sobolev spaces as the proper setting for solutions, and prove that unique solutions exist in W1,2(Ω).

Understanding Model Reasoning In Automated Speech Systems: Implementing A Prototype Explanation System Using The Lime Method, Vadim Kudlay

Honors Theses

The field of voice processing has seen great advancements thanks in part to the rise of deep learning. However, the application of these deep learning techniques with an audio input space leads to an interesting result not commonly found when dealing with other input domains. Namely, common techniques for generating auditory adversarial samples using gradient-based optimization have been observed to have extremely low transferability among even the same model structure. This implies an inherent difference in the latent representations of audio samples that may be worth investigating in the pursuit of a more resilient and interpretable voice processing framework. Our …

Overdose Prevention Sites Placement Informed By Simulation, Jing Dong

Honors Theses

In Philadelphia, people are experiencing the greatest opioid crisis in a century. Plac- ing the Overdose Prevention Site (OPS) can alleviate this crisis. However, the journey to the successful launch of the first OPS in the USA is rough. It was first accused of having a collision with federal drug laws. While Safehouse won the lawsuit and the OPS was judged to be legal in 2020, other pressure rose afterward such as the against from the public and the COVID19, which delayed the plan to open the OPS. Without solid research on the effectiveness of OPS, we thought it is …

Stereochemical Control In Suzuki Cross Coupling Reactions Of Acyclic (Z)-Beta-Haloacroleins, William Carrick

Honors Theses

Beta-chloroenals are readily accessible substances and are efficient precursors for a variety of heterocyclic compounds. Suzuki type cross-coupling reactions of such compounds with arylboronic acids yield ��,��-diarylacroleins with control of stereochemistry. The oxidation of these enals to the corresponding acids and subsequent oxidative lactonization leads to formation of the respective coumarins. The chemistry involved in these transformations with special attention to stereochemistry of the Suzuki coupling reaction will be discussed. A full NMR analysis involving 1H, 13C, COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC was performed to unambiguously confirm the structure and show that the reaction proceeds with retention of stereochemistry.

Media Analysis Of Coverage Of Environmental Issues In The Midst Of A Pandemic, Alexandria N. Miller, Lucia A. Bolles

Thinking Matters Symposium

This research aimed to answer the question “has the coronavirus impacted the print media’s coverage of important environmental issues?” The research analyzed 2 different print newspapers - The New York Times and the Wall Street Journal - to determine if there was a change in coverage of environmental news as the coronavirus spread in the US. Data for stories published in the first four days of every month from March through September was compiled for 2019 and 2020. Our findings showed a 78.85% decrease in coverage of environmental issues between 2019 and 2020 when stories related to the coronavirus pandemic …

Anatomy Of A Conspiracy Theory: Law, Politics, And Science Denialism In The Era Of Covid-19, Brie Sherwin

Texas A&M Law Review

With COVID-19, we are facing the most serious public health threat of our lifetime. Now, more than ever, we need experts and sound scientific advice to guide critical decision-making during the pandemic. With conspiracy theories and other similar rhetorical weapons being used to discredit our scientific experts, we face a myriad of misinformation, mistruths, and all-out attacks on our experts, breeding distrust between the public and the policymakers leading the fight against the pandemic. As President Trump took office, scientists were routinely denigrated and isolated. Furthermore, science denialism has permeated its way up to the highest levels of government, resulting …

Parametric Design Of Flywheel For An Electric Punch Press, Prashant Dhakal

Honors Theses

Almost all designs start with a design requirement. These may be weight, volume, clearance, and even custom calculations. Finding a solution that meets these requirements often involves tedious and time-consuming iterations. Once the solution has been found, the design must be optimized to find the best possible solution. Finding the ‘best possible design’ requires substantial time and effort dedicated to iterating and analyzing the potential model solutions. This is where Parametric design comes into play. The Parametric design aids in specifying the key parameters of the design and makes changes interactively, with the model updating automatically. The purpose of this …

Synthesis And Conductivity Analysis Of A Methyl (Polyethylene Glycol) Comb Polymer, Olivia Fox

Honors Theses

The overall goal of work in this field is to improve materials for use in a variety of applications in fuel cell and battery production. This thesis specifically investigates the synthesis of two variations of a methyl (polyethylene glycol) comb polymer electrolyte (MePEG_nwhere n=7) to understand how the molecular structure of an ion-conducting polymer affects its electrochemical properties. The MePEG used in this synthesis contains seven ethylene glycol groups and was added to a poly (methylhydrosiloxane) comb polymer backbone. In the first sample, the polymer contained only the MePEG sidechain, and in the second sample, the polymer contained …

Infectious Diseases In A Warming World: Using A Modified Sir Model To Investigate The Incidence Rates Of Lyme Disease In The New England Area, Carly Sullivan

Honors Projects in Science and Technology

The effects of climate change are global and unprecedented in scale. Public health is likely to suffer as a result of the warming climate, and one particular risk is the increase in the occurrence of vector-borne diseases (VBDs) in different regions across the world. The purpose of this project is to investigate the impact of rising temperatures on the incidence rates of Lyme disease in the New England area. Following a review of the existing literature relating to the impact of climate factors on VBDs, an SIR model modified for temperature conditions will be utilized to produce several simulated scenarios. …

Experimental Constraint On Axionlike Particles Over Seven Orders Of Magnitude In Mass, Tanya S. Roussy, Daniel A. Palken, William B. Cairncross, Benjamin M. Brubaker, Daniel N. Gresh, Matt Grau, Kevin C. Cossel, Kia Boon Ng, Yuval Shagam, Yan Zhou, Victor V. Flambaum, Konrad W. Lehnert, Jun Ye, Eric A. Cornell

Physics & Astronomy Faculty Research

We use our recent electric dipole moment (EDM) measurement data to constrain the possibility that the HfF+ EDM oscillates in time due to interactions with candidate dark matter axionlike particles (ALPs). We employ a Bayesian analysis method which accounts for both the look-elsewhere effect and the uncertainties associated with stochastic density fluctuations in the ALP field. We find no evidence of an oscillating EDM over a range spanning from 27 nHz to 400 mHz, and we use this result to constrain the ALP-gluon coupling over the mass range 10-22-10-15 eV. This is the first laboratory constraint on the ALP-gluon coupling …

The Flowering Dynamics And Seedset Of Cichorium Intybus L. Cv. Puna, Yongfeng Han, Chengbin Tang, Mouqiong

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Time Of Application Of Nitrogen On Seed Yield, Efficiency Of N Fertilizer Use And Apparent N Fertilizer Recovery Of Russian Wildrye [Psathyrostachys Juncea (Fisch.) Nevski], Jianguo Han, Yunwen Wang, Shengquan Jiang, Bo Liu

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Seed Yield Formation Of Festulolium And Lolium X Boucheanum Under Climatic Condition Of Latvia, Iveta Gutmane, Aleksandr Adamovich

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.

Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration Of Poa Pratensis 'Nasu' Seeds Carried By China Recoverable Satellite Shijian‐8, Yinghua Guo, Lei Han, Guansheng Ju, Zhenyuan Sun

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

No abstract provided.